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Germany Market
Germany Market
Confectionery in
Germany
April 2018
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Market volume
The German confectionery market grew by 1.3% in 2017 to reach a volume of 1,108.7 million kilograms.
Category segmentation
Chocolate is the largest segment of the confectionery market in Germany, accounting for 64.2% of the market's total
value.
Geography segmentation
Germany accounts for 17.5% of the European confectionery market value.
Market share
Mars, Incorporated is the leading player in the German confectionery market, generating a 13% share of the market's
value.
Market rivalry
The German confectionery market experienced moderate growth during the review period (2013-2017). Players in this
market are often quite diversified, but generally tend to depend heavily on the food and beverage market. This, and the
low cost of switching for end consumers, drives rivalry, although the latter can be mitigated to some extent by strong
branding. Overall, the degree of rivalry in this market is assessed to be moderate.
Market value............................................................................................................................................................... 2
Market volume............................................................................................................................................................ 2
Market rivalry.............................................................................................................................................................. 2
Market value............................................................................................................................................................... 8
Market volume............................................................................................................................................................ 9
Summary .................................................................................................................................................................. 16
Threat of substitutes................................................................................................................................................. 20
Country data............................................................................................................................................................. 30
Methodology................................................................................................................................................................. 32
Appendix ...................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Table 8: Germany confectionery market volume forecast: million kilograms, 2017–22 ................................................ 15
Table 10: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: key financials ($) .......................................................................... 23
Table 11: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: key financials (CHF) ..................................................................... 23
Table 12: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: key financial ratios........................................................................ 23
Table 19: Germany gdp (constant 2005 prices, $ billion), 2013–17 ............................................................................. 30
Figure 3: Germany confectionery market category segmentation: % share, by value, 2017 ........................................ 10
Figure 4: Germany confectionery market geography segmentation: % share, by value, 2017 .................................... 11
Figure 9: Forces driving competition in the confectionery market in Germany, 2017 ................................................... 16
Figure 10: Drivers of buyer power in the confectionery market in Germany, 2017 ....................................................... 17
Figure 11: Drivers of supplier power in the confectionery market in Germany, 2017 ................................................... 18
Figure 12: Factors influencing the likelihood of new entrants in the confectionery market in Germany, 2017 ............. 19
Figure 13: Factors influencing the threat of substitutes in the confectionery market in Germany, 2017....................... 20
Figure 14: Drivers of degree of rivalry in the confectionery market in Germany, 2017 ................................................. 21
Figure 15: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: revenues & profitability ................................................................ 24
Figure 16: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: assets & liabilities ........................................................................ 24
For the purposes of this report, the global figure comprises North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, the
Middle East, and South Africa.
The Americas comprises Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru and the United States.
Europe comprises Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey,
Ukraine, and the United Kingdom.
Asia-Pacific comprises Australia, China, Japan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines,
Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Kazakhstan, Taiwan, and Thailand.
The Middle East comprises Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Israel and the United Arab Emirates.
Market analysis
The German confectionery market recorded moderate growth during the review period (2013-2017). The growth of the
market is expected to accelerate over the forecast period (2017-2022).
Germany’s favorable economic conditions strengthened consumer purchasing power during the review period.
Therefore, demand for premium confectionery, particularly chocolate products, was high and supported market growth.
However, rising health consciousness related to sugar and fat consumption is expected to affect overall market growth
over the forecast period. Additionally, demand for gum is declining, primarily because the segment has matured.
The German confectionery market had total revenues of $10,950.7m in 2017, representing a compound annual growth
rate (CAGR) of 2.9% between 2013 and 2017. In comparison, the French and UK markets grew with CAGRs of 1.9%
and 3.3% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values of $6,979.4m and $8,543.5m in 2017.
Market consumption volume increased with a CAGR of 1.7% between 2013 and 2017, to reach a total of 1,108.7 million
kg in 2017. The market's volume is expected to rise to 1,163.3 million kg by the end of 2022, representing a CAGR of
1.0% for the 2017-2022 period.
Chocolate accounted for the highest value in the German confectionery market in 2017, with total sales of $7,027.2m,
equivalent to 64.2% of the market's overall value. In comparison, sales of sugar confectionery reached a value of
$3,085.6m, equating to 28.2% of the total market value.
The performance of the market is forecast to accelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 3.4% for the five-year period 2017
- 2022, which is expected to drive the market to a value of $12,961.8m by the end of 2022. Comparatively, the French
and UK markets will grow with CAGRs of 2.7% and 3.9% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values
of $7,954.8m and $10,354.8m in 2022.
The compound annual growth rate of the market in the period 2013–17 was 2.9%.
The compound annual growth rate of the market in the period 2013–17 was 1.7%.
The Sugar confectionery segment accounts for a further 28.2% of the market.
Category 2017 %
Chocolate 7,027.2 64.2%
Sugar Confectionery 3,085.6 28.2%
Gum 837.9 7.7%
Geography 2017 %
Germany 10,950.7 17.5
United Kingdom 8,543.5 13.6
France 6,979.4 11.1
Italy 5,524.3 8.8
Spain 3,091.1 4.9
Rest of Europe 27,547.4 44.0
Company % Share
Mars, Incorporated 13.0%
Ferrero 12.2%
Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprüngli AG 10.9%
Mondelez International, Inc 10.1%
Other 53.8%
Total 100%
Channel % Share
Hypermarkets & Supermarkets 51.9%
Convenience Stores 25.8%
Food & drinks specialists 14.5%
Vending machines 1.8%
Other 5.9%
Total 100%
The compound annual growth rate of the market in the period 2017–22 is predicted to be 3.4%.
The compound annual growth rate of the market in the period 2017–22 is predicted to be 1%.
Summary
Figure 9: Forces driving competition in the confectionery market in Germany, 2017
The German confectionery market experienced moderate growth during the review period (2013-2017). Players in this
market are often quite diversified, but generally tend to depend heavily on the food and beverage market. This, and the
low cost of switching for end consumers, drives rivalry, although the latter can be mitigated to some extent by strong
branding. Overall, the degree of rivalry in this market is assessed to be moderate.
Buyers in the confectionery market range from small independent retailers to large, often multinational supermarket and
hypermarket chains. With extensive distribution infrastructure and financial muscle, larger buyers are able to exert a
strong degree of power; in turn, due to the high importance of branding in the market, these buyers are heavily
influenced by consumer demand.
Suppliers to this market vary, from farmers and ingredient manufacturers, to the producers of machinery. There is also
significant diversity within each supplier category. An example of this is that ingredient producers vary in terms of the
ethical standards to which they adhere, the ingredients they offer, or the geographic locations in which they operate.
For new entrants, fairly high operating and entry costs, along with the considerable importance of brand power, create
barriers to entry. Despite this, it is possible to enter this market on a smaller scale, with higher value products, for
instance.
Finally, in terms of substitutes, an array of alternatives exists. However, for retailers, stocking potential substitutes tends
to bring some disadvantages in terms of storage space or the need for specialized equipment, such as chilled display
units.
Hypermarkets and supermarkets constitute the major buyers in the German confectionery market, accounting for 51.9%
of total sales value in 2017. Convenience stores are also significant and accounted for a further 25.8%. Such large, often
multinational buyers are able to exert a strong degree of buyer power, since they control extensive distribution systems.
Switching costs for buyers are usually not significant, as market players are required to distribute products widely.
The confectionery market includes a wide range of product categories, with opportunities for manufacturers to diversify
their products from competitors in each segment, such as sugar free snacks or products addressing diabetics. Due to an
increase in health awareness, snacks offering health benefits, for instance, with no artificial colors or the inclusion of
additives such as vitamins, present new areas of expansion. As most retailers in this market offer a wide variety of
products, with confectionery being only a small part of the company’s product range, buyer power is increased.
As branding is a significant factor within this market, enforcing the market players’ negotiating position against buyers,
manufacturers invest heavily in advertising to build strong brand awareness. The existence of strong, established brands
mitigates buyer power to some extent, as consumer preferences compel retailers to respond to demand and stock
popular products.
While it is rare (though not unheard of) to see a market player forward integrate into food retail, many large supermarket
chains offer self-owned private labelled confectionery. The potential for larger retailers integrating backwards further
increases buyer power.
The key inputs in the confectionery market are ingredients including sugar, cocoa beans, and their derivatives (cocoa
butter, cocoa liquor, or cocoa powder).
Suppliers to this market are cocoa farmers, along with producers of various other raw materials such as sugar, and the
machinery required for production and packaging, among others.
Within the market, there is a degree of diversification; cocoa is sold in a variety of grades, and market players must often
source ingredients from around the world. Many cocoa-based raw materials are sourced from countries including Cote
d'Ivoire, Ghana, Indonesia, and Brazil, which increases supplier power to some extent in the confectionery market.
Manufacturers may also choose to adopt international Fair Trade standards, which ensure that farmers receive a 'fair'
price for their products, as well as that the working conditions are not considered exploitative. As end consumers may
opt for Fair Trade certified products over alternatives with weaker ethical credentials, some retailers and market players
are compelled to source from Fair Trade suppliers. This further increases supplier differentiation, resulting in supplier
power.
Despite this, market players do have alternatives: suppliers also exist in other East Asian, West African, and South
American equatorial regions, where existing inventory in domestic markets acts as a supply buffer.
Supplier power dropped during the review period, as the price of sugar remained low. Moreover, major producers,
including India, Thailand, and China, were affected by El Nino, experiencing a huge fall in sugar output. This may result
in a global rebound of sugar prices going forward.
Raw materials, such as those used by confectionery producers, are bought on commodity markets. While confectionery
companies are unlikely to have much control over supplier prices, they are able to use financial techniques such as
hedging in order to reduce the impact of price rises on their margins.
In order to enter this market, high levels of capital is required in order to set up production facilities, as most
confectionery products are mass-marketed and must be manufactured in substantial volumes to be profitable. However,
it is also possible to enter the market on a smaller scale with a higher value, 'artisanal' product.
As existing players have established strong brands, consumers may be reluctant to swap their favorite snack for a
completely new product, which in turn will make it harder for new manufacturers to find distribution channels.
There is a significant risk of large retailers - particularly supermarket chains - backward integrating, attaining a position
by manufacturing self-owned private label products, and cutting into players’ revenues, usually at the lower end of the
market. However, private label products are only sold in the retailer’s own outlets, and therefore gain only limited brand
recognition.
As branding is a significant factor in this market, players tend to focus more on expanding current product lines rather
than developing entirely new ones.
Government regulations within the confectionery market (along with the food and beverage markets more generally) also
limits the eagerness of new entrants. In Germany, the food market is regulated by the European Food Safety Authority,
as well as the Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit (BVL), which require that products should
be safe to eat, produced under sanitary conditions and contain no harmful substances. Having to comply with these
regulations makes it harder for newcomers to enter the market.
A moderate rate of market growth during the review period will encourage new entrants in the German confectionery
market. Overall, the threat from new entrants is assessed as being moderate.
Most confectionery products are purchased by end-users as snack food. As such, substitutes include savory snacks and
fresh fruit.
For retailers, potential substitutes tend to bring disadvantages; in regards to storage of snacks such as potato chips, they
require more shelf space per item than most confectionery, whilst fruit is biodegradable and can require expensive
chilled display units. This reduces the risk of substitution.
On the other hand, switching costs are reduced for many food retailers due to the standard practice being able to stock
an array of confectionery and potential substitutes. Rebalancing the product line-up is not especially problematic due to
consumer demand, which drives retailers in that direction. Increasing public awareness regarding the health hazards
associated with poor dietary practices - particularly diets high in fat and sugar - are a major factor in steering consumers
away from confectionery products and towards healthier substitutes.
Furthermore, some forms of confectionery are purchased by consumers as luxury or gift items, rather than quick snacks
for personal consumption. In such cases, the substitutes are more varied, and may include certain gift items of a similar
value.
The German confectionery market is fairly fragmented, with the leading four players, Mars, Ferrero, Lindt, and Mondelez,
controlling 46.2% of the market, which drives rivalry.
Leading companies have diverse product lines, although food and drink products tend to be central to the businesses.
This intensifies rivalry, as profit depends largely on their success in this market.
Switching costs for consumers and retailers are low. The threat from private labels, which offer a cheaper alternative to
branded products, tends to increase during times of economic downturn or slowdowns, as consumers become
increasingly price-conscious.
However, product differentiation, bolstered both by inherent characteristics and by strong branding, enables players to
maintain a hold over customers to some extent, alleviating rivalry.
In a business where automated, high-volume manufacturing is the norm, capacity increases are relatively easy to
implement, and fixed costs are high, this results in enhanced rivalry.
A moderate rate of growth during the review period works to alleviate the rivalry to some extent. Overall, the threat of
rivalry is assessed as moderate.
Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG (Lindt, ‘the company’) along with its subsidiaries manufactures and distributes
premium chocolate and confectionery products. It has more than 370 stores worldwide. The company’s retail operations
are divided into six different concepts; Chocolate Cafes, Chocolate Boutiques, Ghirardelli, Chocolate Outlets, Factory
Stores, and Russel Stover.
The company operates under various formats such as retail outlets, departmental stores and boutiques. Apart from
selling products instore, it sells products through ecommerce sites. It provides gift wrapping services. The company sells
its products under the brand names Lindt, Ghirardelli, Caffarel, Hofbauer, Kufferle, Russell Stover, Whitman's and
Pangburn's.
The company offers chocolates, milk chocolates, dark chocolates, tablets and pralines. Lindt offers its chocolates under
the brand names Creation, Excellence, Lindor, Hello, and Easter. The Creation category includes a range of dark and
milk chocolates. The excellence category includes dark chocolates with 70%, 85%, 90% and 99% cocoa content, as well
as with orange intense, chili, mint, caramel and sea salt, and extra creamy flavors. The Lindor category comprises Lindor
sticks, Lindor seasonal, Lindor chocolate bars, boxes and chocolate truffles. The Hello category offers a range of milk
chocolates in various flavors (such as cookies and cream, crunchy nougat, caramel and brownie, and strawberry and
cheesecake) and formats (including boxes and sticks). The Easter product line offers a range of delicately smooth
chocolates which include Lindt Gold Bunny and premium chocolate eggs.
The company divides its business segments into three geographical regions: Europe, NAFTA, Other segments.
The Europe segment consists of all European companies and business units including Russia.
The NAFTA segment consists of the companies in the US, Canada, and Mexico.
The other segment consists of the companies in Australia, Japan, South Africa, Hong Kong, China, and Brazil as well as
the Distributors and Duty Free business units.
The Company has more than 100 distribution facilities all over the world. Lindt operates 12 manufacturing plants.
In Germany, the company sells its products under the Lindt, Excellence, Hello, Lindor and several other brand names.
Table 10: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: key financials ($)
Table 11: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: key financials (CHF)
Table 12: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: key financial ratios
Figure 16: Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprungli AG: assets & liabilities
Ferrero Group (Ferrero or ‘the company’) is one of the world's largest chocolate manufacturers. The company offers a
broad range of products including chocolates, pralines, wafers, spreads, breath mints, snacks, bakery products and
drinks, among others.
The company offers crunchy wafer with hazelnut in the center under the Ferrero Rocher brand, crispy shell covered in
flakes of coconut under the Rafaello brand, boxed chocolate under the Mon Cheri brand, hazelnut spread under the
Nutella brand, and breath mints under the Tic Tac brand. The company’s Ferrero product line offers pralines, snacks and
bakery products. The pralines comprise Ferrero Rocher and its dark chocolate version, Ferrero Rondnoir. The snacks
consist of Ferrero duplo, Ferrero fiesta, and Ferrero Tronky; and the bakery products comprise Ferrero Brioss and
Ferrero Yoga. The company markets its drinks under the Esta brands. Under its Kinder brand, the company offers Kinder
Surprise, Kinder Chocolate, Kinder Bueno, Kinder Pingui. Ferrero operates through 86 consolidated companies and 22
production plants worldwide. The company also undertakes research and development (R&D) activities for the
development of unique products and innovative research and production processes utilizing its own technologies.
The company outsources certain activities such as packaging, promotions, certain commercial and distribution activities,
and some administrative, IT and accounting services. The company, through its affiliated companies, operates across
Europe, America, Asia, Oceania and Africa.
Key Metrics
As a privately held group, Ferrero is not obliged to publish its financial results.
Mars, Incorporated (Mars) primarily produces and distributes food products worldwide. The company offers chocolates,
candies, chewing gums, rice, sauces, and beverages, among others. Additionally, it provides dog and cat food. Mars
operates across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, Africa and the Middle East.
The company operates through six businesses: pet care, chocolate, food, Wrigley, drinks and symbioscience.
Mars' pet care business offers a wide range of pet food products under 41 brands. Some of the brands marketed by this
business include Pedigree, Royal Canin, Whiskas, Banfield, Cesar, Sheba, Temptations and IAMS, among others. With
a presence in more than 50 countries, the business provides products for fishcare and horsecare; petservices; and
operates the Waltham Centre for Pet Nutrition.
Under the chocolate business, the company offers a wide variety of chocolates in 21 countries worldwide under 29
brands, including M&M's, Snickers, Dove, Galaxy, Mars, Milky Way, Twix, 3 Musketeers, Balisto, Bounty and Amicelli.
Mars’ food business offers rice, sauces, herbs and spices, recipe bases, marinades, relishes, mustards, cheese and
ready-made meals in over 28 countries, including the US, Canada, Brazil, Australia, Europe, and South Africa. These
products are offered under several brands including Uncle Ben's, Dolmio, Masterfoods, Miracoli, Suzi Wan, Kan Tong,
Seeds of Change, Royco, Ebly, Abu Siouf, Raris and Pamesello. The food business operates through 11 manufacturing
sites.
The Wrigley business offers a wide range of products such as gum, mints, and hard and chewy candies. These products
are marketed under the following brands: Wrigley's Spearmint, Juicy Fruit, Altoids, Life Savers, Doublemint, Skittles,
BigRed, Winterfresh, Extra, Starburst, Freedent, Hubba Bubba, Orbit, Eclipse and 5.
Under the drinks business, Mars offers coffee, tea and hot chocolate drinks. Major brands of Mars’ drinks business
include Alterra, The Bright Tea Co., and Dove. The company also offers hot drinks machines under the Flavia and Klix
brands. Mars’ Orbit and Extra are two billion-dollar global brands. Geographically, the business operates in more than 50
countries and its brands are present in 180 countries.
The symbioscience segment constitutes the health and life sciences business of Mars. This segment includes brands
such as CocoaVia, a cocoa extract supplement; and Cocoapro, a process developed and patented by Mars scientists,
which helps in preserving the cocoa flavanols present in cocoa beans, among others.
Key Metrics
As a privately held company, Mars, Incorporated is not obliged to publish its financial statements.
Mondelez International, Inc. (Mondelez) is one of the largest snack companies in the world. The company offers snack
food and beverage products, including biscuits (cookies, crackers and salted snacks), chocolate, gum and candy,
powered beverages, and various cheese and grocery products. It has operations in more than 80 countries and sells its
products in approximately 165 countries.
The company operates through five business segments, classified on a geographical basis: Europe; North America;
Latin America; Asia-Pacific; and Eastern Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EEMEA).
Mondelez offers its products across five categories: biscuits, chocolate, gum and candy, beverages, and cheese and
grocery.
The company markets biscuits, including cookies, crackers and salted snacks under the brand names Oreo, Chips
Ahoy!, Club Social, Barni, Triscuit, LU, Tiger, belVita, Nilla, Newtons, Nabisco, and Trakinas among others. The
chocolate products are marketed under the brand names Toblerone, Milka, Lacta, Cadbury, Alpen Gold, Cadbury Dairy
Milk, and Cote d'Or, among others. Mondelez offers gum and candy products under the following brand names: Trident,
Halls, Stride, Dentyne, Hollywood, Stimorol, and Bubbaloo among others.
The beverages category offers powdered beverages under the brand names Tang, Clight, and Cadbury Bournvita. The
company markets its cheese and grocery products under the Philadelphia, Royal and Sottilette brand names.
Mondelez manufactures its products through manufacturing and processing facilities located in 57 countries.
The company sells its products to supermarket chains, wholesalers, supercenters, club stores, mass merchandisers,
convenience stores, distributors, gasoline stations, drug stores, value stores and other retail food outlets. Mondelez
distributes its products through direct store delivery, company-owned and satellite warehouses, distribution centers and
other facilities.
Key Metrics
The company recorded revenues of $25,896 million in the fiscal year ending December 2017, a decrease of 0.1%
compared to fiscal 2016. Its net income was $2,922 million in fiscal 2017, compared to a net income of $1,659 million in
the preceding year.
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