Exercise 3 : Reaction in Aqueous Solution

1. Aluminum chloride is reacted with sodium carbonate.

(a) Write the chemical reaction and net ionic equation for this reaction.
(b) What is the molarity of a solution of aluminum chloride if 30.0 mL is required to react with
35.5 mL of 0.137 M sodium carbonate?
(c) What is the product? How many grams of product are formed in (b)?

2. What is the molarity of a solution of nitric acid if 0.216 g of barium hydroxide is required to
neutralize 20.00 mL of nitric acid?

3. For each unbalanced equation given below:

Ag(s) + NO3-(aq)  Ag+(aq) + NO(g)

(a) write unbalanced half-reactions.

(b) identify the species oxidized and the species reduced.
(c) identify the oxidizing and reducing agents.

Exercise 4: Covalent bonding

1. Write the Lewis structure and predict the molecular geometry for:
a. PF5
b. SO3

2. Write the Lewis structure for:

a. C2H2
b. CO2

3. Determine the formal charge for molecule in no. 1

4. Is there any possible resonance for molecule in no. 2? Draw if any.

Exercise 5: Thermochemistry

1. Calcium carbide, CaC 2, is the raw material for the production of acetylene (used in welding
torches). Calcium carbide is produced by reacting calcium oxide with carbon, producing carbon
monoxide as a byproduct. When one mole of calcium carbide is formed, 464.8 kJ are absorbed.
(a) Write a thermochemical equation for this reaction.
(b) Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
(c) What is ∆H when 1.00 g of CaC2(g) is formed?
(d) How many grams of carbon are used up when 20.00 kJ of heat are absorbed?

2. When one mole of ethylene gas, C2H4, reacts with fluorine gas, hydrogen fluoride and carbon
tetrafluoride gases are formed and 2496.7 kJ of heat are given off. What is ∆Hfo for CF4(g)?

3. Consider the following reaction in a vessel with a movable piston.

X(g) + Y(g)  Z(l)
As the reaction occurs, the system loses 1185 J of heat. The piston moves down and the
surroundings do 623 J of work on the system. What is ΔE?