Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

Practical Research
2
Importance of
Quantitative Research
across Fields
Quarter 1 Week 2 Module 2

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

1. Illustrates the importance of quantitative research across
fields;
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully
enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page
of this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/ guardian assess your answers using the answer key
card.
5. Analyze conceptually the post-test and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations – These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module.
• Pre-test – This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson – This section will measure what learnings and
skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction – This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities – This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember – This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
• Check your Understanding – It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test – This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.

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 Hello there! Welcome back to your journey in
understanding quantitative research. By this time, we
will try to determine the importance of quantitative
researches across different disciplines. Ready? First, let
us determine your prior knowledge to our discussion.
Let’s begin!

PRE-TEST

Directions: Reach each statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write them on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Why do people conduct research?
a. To find solutions to a particular problem.
b. To know the difference between facts and opinions.
c. To provide good opinions to issues concerning human.
d. To boost the morale of individuals who suffer from depression.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. The selection of a research design for any field should be within the
parameters of the research questions.
b. Quantitative approaches are typically associated with pessimistic
perspective in social research.
c. In conducting true experiments with people, no need for the introduction
of interventions.
d. Quasi-experiments are often used in laboratory experiments.
3. This field tends to be predominantly observational research based on
surveys or correlational studies.
a. Quantitative research and anthropology
b. Quantitative research and social sciences
c. Quantitative research and communication
d. Quantitative research and the medical education
4. “When a person has high intellectual quotient, does he tend to be socially
aggressive?” Which type of question is being referred to?
a. Question of variance
b. Question of difference
c. Question of prediction
d. Question of relationship
5. Why do we consider the process of measurement is central to quantitative
research?
a. It triggers the interest in understanding a particular phenomenon that
might be generalized to a larger population.
b. It provides the correlation between observation and mathematical
expression of quantitative relationships.
c. It gets designs that contain many of the elements of a true experiment.
d. It tries to produce results that is tested in the natural world.

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LESSON 2: Importance of Quantitative Research
across Fields

EXPECTATIONS
This module will help you to:
• Determine why people conduct research
• Relate quantitative research to other disciplines
• Illustrate the importance of quantitative research across fields through
graphic organizer

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

What do I remember?
Directions: From the description box, choose the correct answer. Write your answer
in a separate sheet of paper.

Descriptive Correlational Evaluative

Survey Causal-Comparative Experimental

1. It is primarily concerned with an orderly or systematic investigation of
the nature of relationships, or associations between and among
variables without necessarily investigating into casual reasons
underlying them.
2. It is concerned with describing the nature, characteristics and components
of the population or a phenomenon.
3. This research utilizes scientific method to test cause-and-effect
relationships under conditions controlled by the researcher.
4. It is used to gather information from groups of people by selecting and
studying samples chosen from a population.
5. It is intended to assess the effects, impacts or outcomes of practices,
policies or programs.

Directions: Write T if the statement is True, F if False. Write your answer on a

separate sheet of paper.
1. The main purpose of descriptive research design is to observe, describe
and document aspects of particular situations.
2. A research design constitutes the blueprint for the selection,
measurement and analysis of data.
3. Standardized instruments ensure the accuracy, reliability, and validity of
data.
4. Quantitative research puts emphasis on proof, rather than discovery.
5. Quantitative methods cannot be repeated to verify its findings.

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BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Why do people conduct research? There are a two common reasons as to why
there is a need for people to conduct research. These are:
1. to find solutions to problem in order to develop, improve, or enhance ways
of doing things; and
2. to refute or offer new hypothesis or hypotheses
Research findings may affect the lives of people. These are used as bases for
policy formulation, crafting of laws, rules and regulations, among others. Because of
the research’s emphasis on data gathering used as proof or evidence, quantitative
research had been commonly used in most disciplines.

Importance of Quantitative Research and Its Benefits to Different Fields of

Specialization

The production of research results greatly has big impact on the importance
of quantitative research. It is also a reflection of the specified specialization. The
precise measurement and an in-depth analysis of data will also give effectiveness of
the product.
Attaining an objective consideration of people, things, places, and events in
this world is useful; meaning, attaching accurate or exact meanings to objects or
subjects, rather than glamorous words or overstated meanings resulting from the
researcher’s bias or personal attachment to things related to the research. It requires
reliable measurement instruments or statistical methods, a quantitative study
enables people to study their surroundings as objective as they can. This kind of
research is as well as an effective method to obtain information about specified
personality traits of a group member or of the group as a whole as regards to
the level of the relationship of their characteristics and the reason behind the
instability of some people’s characteristics.

Quantitative Research and Anthropology

Anthropology deals with the scientific study of humans, human behavior and
societies in the past and present. This actually what makes human beings human.
According to Bernard (1994) as cited by Prieto, et al. (2017), there are five steps in
conducting true experiments with human beings. See illustration below:

Figure 1. Steps in Conducting True Experiments with Human Beings

1. Identify at 2. Randomly 3. Measure 4. Introduce 5. Again,

least two assign the dependent the measure the
groups participants variables intervention dependent
(experimental to each through variables
and contol) group. pretest through
posttest.

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 A. True Experiments in the Laboratory
It is further stated that true experiments with human beings are
common in laboratory experiments which often produce results that beg to be
tested in the natural world by anthropologists.
B. True Experiments in the Field
When experiments are conducted outside the laboratory, it is called
field experiments.
C. Quasi-Experiments
Though this design contains many of the elements of true experiments,
participants are not assigned randomly but based from criteria set by the
researcher.
D. The One-Shot Case Study or One-Group Posttest Only Design
A single group of individuals is measured on some dependent variable
after an intervention has taken place where the researcher tries to evaluate
the experiment by interviewing the participants and trying to assess the
impact of the intervention.
E. The Two-Group Posttest Only Design
The researcher measures a series of variables in both groups where he
tries to see whether the intervention is responsible for the differences.
F. One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design
Variables are measured (may be observed) then intervention takes place
then the variables are measured again.
Quantitative Research and Communication
There are particular communication phenomenon that needs to understand
in which researchers are interested about that might be generalized to a larger
population.

Quantitative Research and Medical Education

The role of quantitative research in medical education tends to be
predominantly observational research based on surveys or correlational studies.
Experimental research designs may enhance the quality of medical education.

Quantitative Research and the Behavioral Sciences

Contemporary researchers are interested in two types of questions namely,
questions of relationship and question of differences. For questions of relationship,
this tend to explore how one behavior exhibited by people is related to other types of
behavior. On the other hand, questions of difference explore how patterns of behavior
might differ from one group or type of person to another.

Quantitative Research and Education

In deductive type of research senior high school students develop critical
thinking capability and effective analytical, research, and communication skills that
are globally sought-after and incredibly beneficial. Research enhances both reading
and writing.
These two literacy (reading and writing) functions help enable computation
and comprehension. Without these skills, it is less likely for anyone to appreciate
and get involved in their academic endeavors. Through research undertaking,
students are given opportunity to engage themselves into reading a variety of
materials like journals, magazines and references. Research writing also forces them
to practice their skills in writing wherein they use their own perspectives and
transform these into a more concrete ideas that they clearly understand.

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Quantitative Research and Business
Research plays an important role in business. A lot of successful business
companies, such as those that produce consumer goods or mass-market items,
invest in research and development or R&D. Companies and industries have high
expenditures on research and development R&D specifically in science and
technology and engineering because of its processes like agriculture, food and
beverage, manufacturing, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, computer software and
hardware, conductor and semiconductor, information and communication
technology, construction, robotics, aerospace, aviation, and energy. Furthermore, it
is critical to product innovation and advancement and to improving services. R&D
also helps secure advantageous perspective over competitors. Look into the
similarities and differences of their products and services will lead them on improved
and increase strength among competitors can boost the company’s market value.
Undoubtedly, having relevant knowledge in achieving a good commercial image
through sound business strategies like investing in R&D can boost its profitability.

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1

Directions: Arrange the following letters to form the word missing in the statement.
Write your answer on a separate sheet.

1. In conducting true experiments research with human beings, measure the

N P D T N E D E E

_______________ variables through pretest.

2. When experiments are conducted outside the laboratory, it is called

D I L E F

______________ experiment.

3. In the conduct of true experiment and quasi-experiment research,

R E N E T I I V O N T N

________________ is introduced.

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Activity 2

Directions: Using the chart below, supply the missing thoughts. Write your answer
on a separate sheet.

QUANTITATIVE
DISCIPLINE IMPORTANCE
RESEARCH

ANTHROPOLOGY

COMMUNICATION

MEDICAL EDUCATION

BEHAVIORAL
SCIENCES

EDUCATION

BUSINESS

REMEMBER
• Descriptive, true experimental, quasi-experimental, case study are the most
commonly quantitative research designs are commonly used in Health
Sciences.
• Experiments can be carried out in a laboratory or in a field setting.
• Quantitative approaches are typically associated with positivist perspectives in
social research.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

1. What did I find out?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. How did I find it out?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What did I learn?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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LET’S REFLECT
Directions: Shade the thermometer to the level of your understanding on the
different topics discussed in this module. Provide your experiences, significant
learnings, and insights on how to improve your understanding. Write your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

Quantitative Quantitative
Research and Research and
Anthropology Communication

Quantitative Quantitative
Research Medical Research and
Education Education

Quantitative Quantitative
Research and Research and
Behavioral Sciences Business

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POST TEST
Directions: Reach each statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write them on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Why do people conduct research?
a. To find solutions to a particular problem.
b. To know the difference between facts and opinions.
c. To provide good opinions to issues concerning human.
d. To boost the morale of individuals who suffer from depression.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. The selection of a research design for any field should be within the
parameters of the research questions.
b. Quantitative approaches are typically associated with pessimistic
perspective in social research.
c. In conducting true experiments with people, no need for the
introduction of interventions.
d. Quasi-experiments are often used in laboratory experiments.
3. This field tends to be predominantly observational research based on
surveys or correlational studies.
a. Quantitative research and anthropology
b. Quantitative research and social sciences
c. Quantitative research and communication
d. Quantitative research and the medical education
4. “When a person has high intellectual quotient, does he tend to be socially
aggressive?” Which type of question is being referred to?
a. Question of variance
b. Question of difference
c. Question of prediction
d. Question of relationship
5. Why do we consider the process of measurement is central to quantitative
research?
a. It triggers the interest in understanding a particular phenomenon that
might be generalized to a larger population.
b. It provides the correlation between observation and mathematical
expression of quantitative relationships.
c. It gets designs that contain many of the elements of a true
experiment.
d. It tries to produce results that is tested in the natural world.

REFERENCES
Baraceros, Esther L. Practical Research 2. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc., 2016.
Catane, J. A. Conducting Research: A Practical Application. Quezon City: Goodwill
Book Store, 2010.
Chan, Editha I. Research in Various Disciplines Seeing Through the Process of
Writing. Valenzuela City: Mutya Publishing House, Inc., 2011.
Ellison, C. Concise Guide to Writing Research. New York: McGraw Hill, 2010.
Faltado III, Ruben E. et al. Practical Research 2 Quantitative Research for
SHS. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc. , 2016.

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Plata, Sterling L. et al. Thinking and Writing Research 4th Edition.Manila:
Trailblazer Publications Asia, Inc., 2014.
Prieto, Nelia G, Naval, Victoria C. and Carey, Teresita G. Practical Research 2,
For Senior High School, Lorimar Publishing Inc, 2017
Reyes, Marcelo. Social research: A Deductive Approach. Manila: Rex Book Store,
Inc., 2010.

ANSWER KEY
Pre - test Looking back Post
1. A 1. Correlation 1. A
2. A 2. Descriptive 2. A
3. D 3. Experimental 3. D
4. D 4. Survey 4. D
5. B 5.Evaluation 5. B

Acknowledgment
DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE
Management Team:
Malcolm S. Garma, Regional Director
Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief
Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V, Schools Division
Superintendent
Aida H. Rondilla, CID Chief
Lucky S. Carpio, EPS In Charge of LRMS
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Quarter 1 Modules
Writers: Paul Garry P. Abello, T 1; Angelbert D. Morales,
MT 2; Diane Catherine B. Teves, MT 2; Mark Vincent B.
Emit, MT 2; and Erwin Abos, MT 2
Evaluators: Rosalina P. Aranzamendez, PSDS and
Florence I. Edim, PSDS
Reviewer: Renato N. Felipe, Jr., PSDS & Division
Research Coordinator
Layout Artist:

Copyright 2020

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