Journey to the MongoDB

Myat Su Htwe
Senior Lecturer
Academic Department

5/19/2018
 What is NoSQL?
Is a class of DBMS
Interpreted as “No SQL” and most translate it
as “Not Only SQL”
Encompasses a wide variety of different
database technologies that were developed in
response to the demands presented in
building modern applications

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Different Type of NoSQL Databases
Key-value store
something that stores a value

Document-based store
more flexible about stored data

Column-based store
aggregating data

Graph-based
targeting use cases, like relationships

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 What is MongoDB?

MongoDB (form humongous) is a scalable,

high-performance, open source, schema-free,
document-oriented database.
• -mongodb.org

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 About Mongo
Developed by 10gen
Founded in 2007
A document-oriented
Written in C++
Support APIs (drivers) in many computing
language
JavaScrpt, Python, Ruby, Perl, Java, Java ,
JavaScala, C#, C++, Haskell, Erlang

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 FEATURES

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 Features
Standard database stuff
Indexing
Replication/ failover support

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 Features
Document Storage
Documents are stored in BSON (binary JSON)
BSON is a binary serialization of JSON-like objects
This is extremely powerful, because it means mongo
understands JSON natively

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 Features
Schema-less; very flexible
No more blocking ALTER TABLE

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 Features
Auto-sharding
Makes for easy horizontal scaling

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 Features: Sharding

ID Name Age

1 Kyaw Lay 19

2 Myint Myat 20

3 Su Su 18

4 Thuzar 21

DB Sharding

Shard #1 Shard #2

ID Name Age ID Name Age

1 Kyaw Lay 19 3 Su Su 18

2 Myint Myat 20 4 Thuzar 21

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 Features
Strong with major languages
JavaScrpt, Python, Ruby, Perl, Java, Java ,
JavaScala, C#, C++, Haskell, Erlang

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 Features
Querying
javascript-based query syntax
• Allow us to deep, nested queries

db.students.find({})

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 CONCEPT

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 Concept
When I say Think
Database Database

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 Concept
When I say Think
Collection Table

Name:Aye Name Age Gender

Name:BoBo
Cname:Chaw
Name: Doe Aye Aye 16 F
Su Lone
Bo Bo 20 M
Age: 20
Gender: M Chaw Su 19 F
Doe Lone 18 M

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 Concept
When I say Think
Document Row

Name Age Gender

Name: Aye Aye
Age: 16 Aye Aye 16 F
Gender: F Bo Bo 20 M
Chaw Su 19 F
Doe Lone 18 M

Maximum document size is 16 MB.

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 Concept
When I say Think
Field Column

Name Age Gender

Aye Aye 16 F
Name:Aye Aye
Bo Bo 20 M
Age: 16
Gender: F Chaw Su 19 F
Doe Lone 18 M

FIELD
Column
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 Name: Aye 0 or more databases
Aye
Age: 16 0 or more collections
Gender: F
Name: Aye
Name: 0 or more
Aye Name: Bo Bo
Age: documents
Age: Age:
16 20
Gender:
Gender: F
Gender: M
Name: Bo Bo
Age: 20
Gender: M

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 Concept
When I say Think
• Linking & Embedding • Joining

{
_id:<Objectid1>,
name: “Su Su”,
contact:{

phone:”091234567”,
email: “susu@gmail.com” Embedded Document
},
address:{
Township:”Latha”,
City:”Yangon”
}
}
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 Concept
When I say Think
Sharding (Range Partition , Partition
add more servers)

Single Collection
(5 billion documents)

SHARDED

SHARD A SHARD B SHARD C SHARD D SHARD E

1 billion 1 billion 1 billion 1 billion 1 billion

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 Concept
When I say Think
ReplSet Replication

Primary
1

Secondary Secondary

2 3
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 APPLICATION

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 Good For:
E-commerce product catalog
Blogs and content management
Mobile and social networking sites
Etc.,

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 CRUD

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 CREATE DATABASE
Does not provide any command to create a
new database
It provides ‘USE’ command:
It will create new database or
Open an existing database

USE myDB;

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 DROP Database
dropDatabase()
Will delete the selected database.

Db.dropDatabase();

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 CREATE Collection
Create collection automatically when you insert
any document using the insert() method.

db.Collection_Name.insert();

Eg.,
db.colleges.insert({name:”GUSTO”});

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 DROP Collection
Create collection automatically when you
insert any document using the drop() method.

db.Collction_Name.drop();

Eg.,
db.colleges.drop();

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 Insert Document in a collection
Insert a Single document

db.collection_name.insertOne()

Eg.
db.students.insertOne( collection
{
name:”Aung Min Phyo”, field: value
age: 18, field: value document
gender: “M” field: value
}
)

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 Insert Document in a collection
Insert Multiple documents

db.collection_name.insertMany()

db.students.insertMany( collection
{
name:”Aung Min Phyo”, document
age: 18,
gender: “M”
},
{
name:”Yadana Ko Ko”, document
age: 20,
gender: “F”
}
)
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 Update Document in a collection
Update a Single document

db.collection_name.updateOne()

Update Multiple Documents

db.collection_name.updateMany()

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 Update Document in a collection
Eg.

Db.students.updateMany( collection

{age:{$lt:18}}, Update filter

{$set: {name:”Someone”}} Update action

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 Delete Document in a collection
Delete a Single document

db.collection_name.deleteOne()

Delete Multiple Documents

db.collection_name.deleteMany()

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 Delete Document in a collection
Eg.

Db.students.deleteMany( collection

{gender:”M”} Delete filter

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 Select Document in a collection
Select all documents

db.collection_name.find()

Eg.,
Db.students.find( collection

{age: {$gt: 18}}, Query criteria

{name:1, gender: 1} projection
)
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 OPERATOR

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 Comparison
Name Description
$eq = Matches values that are equal to a specific value.
$gt > Matches values that are greater than a specific
value.
$gte >= Matches values that are greater than or equal to
a specific value.
$lt < Matches values that are less than a specific
value.
$lte <= Matches values that are less than or equal toa
specific value.
$ne != Matches values that are not equal to a specific
value.
$in IN() Matches any of the values specify in an array
$nin NOT IN() Matches none of the values specify in an array
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 Logical
Name Description
$and AND Returns all documents that match the conditions
of both clauses
$or OR Returns all documents that match the conditions
of either clauses
$not NOT Invert the effect of a query expression and
returns documents that are not match the query
expression

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 References
https://www.3pillarglobal.com/insights/just-
say-yes-to-nosql
https://www.tutorialsjar.com/mongodb-
update-documents-crud/
https://www.mongodb.com/nosql-explained

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 Further Reading
The Little MongoDB Book
MongoDB Notes for Professional
Mongodb Architecture Guide
https://medium.com/s-c-a-l-e/mongodb-co-
creator-explains-why-nosql-came-to-be-and-
why-open-source-mastery-is-an-elusive-goal-
3a138480b9cd

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 Download Link
for MongoDB installer
https://www.filehorse.com/download-
mongodb/33269/

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