✓ Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) was also founded in December, 1920.

o Nankana Sahib Massacre:

✓ In February 1921, a band of more than 100 Sikh Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC)
Sikhs were brutally killed by Narayan Das the • It is an organization which manage the historical
mahant of Nankana Sahib (the birthplace of Sikh Gurdwaras of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal
Guru Nanak) and his army. Pradesh and Chandigarh.
✓ The news of this Holocaust shocked the • Present composition: 140 elected members, 5
head ministers and 15 co-opted members. 20 seats
country. To hail the non-violent resistance by
are reserved for scheduled caste Sikhs.
Sikhs the Indian National Congress passed a • Tenure of the committee is 5 years.
resolution in Gaya session (December 1921). • The three Sikh takhts in Punjab are directly
✓ SGPC formed its own probe team and asked controlled by SGPC.
Mahatma Gandhi to be part of it. SGPC
passed a resolution and decided to support the non-cooperation movement being run by Mahatma
Gandhi.
o Other campaigns like Guru Ka Bagh Morcha (1922), Jaito Morcha (1923) etc were also held which
ultimately led to enactment of Gurdwara Act, 1925.
o Gurdwara Act, 1925: The British government finally passed the Gurdwaras Act in 1925, making SGPC a
democratic body for better administration of Certain Sikh Gurdwaras.
✓ This act enables SGPC to control all the Historical Gurdwaras as well as Gurdwaras under Section 87 of
this act.

81 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS