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Problems Module 6
Problems Module 6
Problems Module 6
Given,
Q = 30 MN
= 30,000 kN
Df = 2.2 m
B = 10 m
L = 12 m
𝜎𝑐′ = 105 kN/m2
z = 2+2+(5.2/2) = 6.6
Surcharge,
q = 2.2 × 16 = 35.2 kN/m2
Step-2:
Vertical effective pressure at mid-depth of
compressible layer,
𝜎𝑜′ = (4.2×16) + [2×(18-9.81)] +
[5.2/2×(17.5 -9.81)] = 103.57 kN/m2
B = 10 m
m1 = L/B = 12/10 = 1.2
n1 = 2z/B = (2×6.6)/10 = 1.32
From, 10.4
L = 12 m
1.2
Step-4:
′ ′ ′
>
0r, 103.57 + 124.93 > 105
0r, 228.5 > 105
′ ′ ′
Primary consolidation settlement at the center of the raft ( > ),
( ) ( )
= 0.356 m
= 356 mm
Problem-8.7
Step-1:
Given,
Q = 30 MN
= 30,000 kN
Df = 2.2 m
B = 10 m
L = 12 m
′
= 105 kN/m2
Surcharge,
q = 2.2 × 16 = 35.2 kN/m2
Step-2:
Vertical effective pressure at mid-depth of compressible layer,
′
= (4.2×16) + [2×(18-9.81)] + [5.2/2×(17.5 -9.81)] = 103.57 kN/m2
I3 = 0.22154
Step-4:
′ ′ ′
>
0r, 103.57 + 47.59 > 105
0r, 151.16 > 105
′ ′ ′
Primary consolidation settlement at the corner of the raft ( > ),
( ) ( )
= 0.167 m
= 167 mm
Example:
A soil profile and a shallow foundation are shown in figure below. Estimate the settlement of the clay layer
caused by primary consolidation if –
i. The clay is normally consolidated.
ii. The preconsolidation pressure ( ′ ) = 200 kN/m2
Df
B×L
Dry Sand
x1
γd = 16 kN/m3
z = 1.5+3+1 = 5.5 m
x2 Saturated Sand
γsat = 18 kN/m3
Figure
Step -2:
B = 3 m, L = 3 m, z = 5.5 m, qb = (2000/9) = 222.22 kN/m2
m1 = L/B = 3/3 = 1
n1 = 2z/B = (2×5.5)/3 = 3.67
Surcharge, q = 1 × 16 = 16 kN/m2
From table 10.10,
I4 = 0.13143
3.67
Induced stress
Δσ’ = (qb – q) × I4 1 - - 0.071
= (222.22 – 16) × 0.13143 1 - - 0.071/1
0.67 - - - (0.071x0.67)/1 = 0.04757
= 27.10 kN/m2
( )
= 0.045 m
= 45 mm
Step -1:
′
0 = 72.26 kN/m2
Step -2:
Δσ’ = 27.10 kN/m2
Step -3:
′ ′ ′
≤
0r, 72.26 + 27.10 ≤ 200
0r, 99.36 ≤ 200
′ ′ ′
Consolidation settlement ( ≤ ),
( )
= 0.022 m
= 22 mm