Text and Image as Data

in Architectural Research
Week 5
Thursday, 25 March 2021
Text and image as data can be divided into….

Interactive Non-Interactive

>>produced by interaction between >>produced either by researcher,

researcher and research research participants, or other
participants separate sources without direct
interaction to one another

(See Groat and Wang, 2013)

Text and image as data differs based on….

objective of using perspective depth of

data of/ generated by information
Making sense of context Individual Multiple variables

Enable engagement in Group/society Content-specific

context
Researcher
Generates position of
context
on objective of
data…. (1)

Making sense of context Understanding, clarifying, and

evaluating what, where, when, why
and how things evolve in context

(See Bryman, 2012)

on objective of
data….(2)
Allowing researcher to gain
entry and built relationship
in context
Enable active engagement
in context
Understanding how particular/hidden
things are alternatingly perceived and
performed personally or in group

(See Creswell, 2017)

on objective of
data….(3)

Generates position Create different possibilities

of context of doing things

Generate reimagination of
context

(See Troiani and Ewing, 2020)

Different text instruments
….and its different aims
researcher’s textual collective
first hand observation experience
experience questionnaire
etc. accounts on events

respondent’s diaries open ended

interview evaluation
shared understanding keywords
stories
focus group newspapers
etc.
discussion
online survey clarification
assessment
archival documents activity logs
etc.
and records
Different images instruments
….and its different aims
photographic
collective
documentation
responses screenshots ways of doing
etc.

individual ways of doing researcher’s

things sketches reflection
respondent’s
creative workshop
mapping
etc.
create connections
context observations archival arts and
images
group mapping
etc.
examples

questionnaire assesment understanding individual may consist

evaluation context (large of multiple
clarification number) variables

creative drawing create active engagement group content

workshop connection in context specific

invite generates position

reimagination in context
Week 5 Activity

The following slides demonstrate 18 examples of text, image, and text-image as data
in architectural research.

Referring to the number of the example and the explanation, please fill the Week 5
quiz in the Google Classroom before 8 PM today.

Individually, please choose three examples, and provide a two paragraph (around
150-200 words) for each example that demonstrate your analysis on the objective,
perspective, and depth of the data. Within each group, every individual should pick
different examples. Provide a 100 word reflection in the end of your analysis regarding
the use of text and image as data in architectural research.

Submit the analysis in .pdf format on Wednesday, 31st March 2021, 12 PM

Sorn, 2017
Understanding children’s spatial literacy

1
Wahid, 2021
found text as spatial process
2
 Archival text

Parnell, 2016
AD 1954-1972
How architecture publication shape the profession
3
4a

Berinde, 2016
transcription of conversation
and keywords from film stills

4b
Harper, 2013
Notes on the spatial quality of dense built environment
5
Sorn, 2017
Reflective mind maps

6
Harahap, et al , 2019
logbook entry on creative
process

7
Mitsoula, 2016
Photo essay of buildings and workplaces in a marble
craft industry 8
King, 2016
Incremental addition of informal dwelling over the
years
9
Precedent studies

Hollis, 2007
Dwelling Plans that
show
arrangements of
workhome 10
 In Sung Kim, 2007
Hand touches and dirt in my office

11
Damayanti, 2015
Dwellers’ mental
mapping of their
neighbourhood

12
Tang, 2014
Children drawing workshop:
Drawing Policeman
13
Atmodiwirjo, 2015
Children ways of
using and
arranging box

14
 In Sung Kim, 2007
Drawing breeze in my office

15
 Harahap, et al , 2019
Yatmo, 2005 logbook entry on creative
Street vendors perception at day and night process
16
Sinuraibhan, 2005
Our understanding of drawing
17
Awan, 2007
Narrative mapping of Kurdistan

18
Further Reading

Alfonso, A.I., Kurti, L. and Pink, S., eds. (2004). Working Images: Visual Research and
Representation in Ethnography. 1st edition. Routledge.Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research
Methods. Oxford University Press.
Creswell, J.W. (2013). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods
Approaches. Fourth Edition edition. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Czarniawska, B. (2004). Narratives in Social Science Research. First edition. London: SAGE
Publications Ltd.
Groat, L.N. and Wang, D. (2013). Architectural Research Methods. Wiley.
Mannay, D. (2015). Visual, Narrative and Creative Research Methods: Application, reflection and
ethics. 1st edition. London: Routledge.
Troiani, I. and Ewing, S., eds. (2021). Visual Research Methods in Architecture. 1st edition.
Intellect Ltd.