FACULTY OF PLANTATION AND AGROTECHNOLOGY (FPA)

UiTM MELAKA JASIN CAMPUS

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE AGROTECHNOLOGY (Hons.) AGRONOMY

LAB REPORT 2

TRACTOR TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

AGR 558: MECHANIZATION AND AUTOMATION

NAME : MUHAMMAD AMIRUL SYAZWAN BIN ISHAK

MATRIC NO : 2019725635

CLASS : M3AT2224A

PREPARED FOR: MADAM SAMIHAH BINTI MUSTAFFHA

INTRODUCTION
The transmission system is basically the drive line of any automobile or a tractor. This system
consists of components that are used to transmit the torque developed by the prime-mover or the
engine to the driving wheels and to vary the torque and direction of rotation of the ground wheels.
Transmission also is a speed reducing mechanism, equipped with several gears. It may be called a
sequence of gears and shafts, through which the engine power is transmitted to the tractor wheels.
There are several type of transmission system in the tractor which is automatic transmission,
manual transmission (MT), automated manual transmission (AM) and continuously variable
transmission (CVT).

PROCEDURE

The transmission system of tractor is build up by several component which are:

1) Clutch – For this part or component, it is responsible for connect and disconnect between two
torque transmitting devices.

2) Transmission – it is a device that will transmitting power at the multiple of speed and torque.

3) P.T.O Drive – it is between the engine and PTO spline, it works like transmit torque from engine
to the PTO spline on the rear of tractor.

4) Differential - The device, usually in the axle housing, that allows the two wheels on an axle to
rotate at different speeds.

5) Brake – The device, usually in the axle housing, that stops the motion of the tractor.

6) Axle – The shaft and connecting parts that transmits torque from the differential or final gear
reduction, to the wheels.
The path of transmission system in the tractor:

Engine Crankshaft Flywheel

Transmission
Differential Clutch
box

Final Drives Axle Drive wheel

Question

1) Explain how to increase the torque of the tractor.

- Clean House to Increase Horsepower.

This is to ensure that the engine to use the power more efficiently. When do this, the
engine will have more space and will focusing to give more power.

- Perform a Tune-Up on the Engine.

Do the extra maintenance to the tractor engine and to ensure that the engine is run on
optimum level. For example, change the oil or clean the air filter. If the air filter are
clogged it will disturb the efficiency of the engine.

2) Why the diameter of lower gear is bigger than the higher gear?
First, the gear ratio is determined by the tooth combination.The ring gear diameter is
generally constant for any particular differential design regardless of the ratio. This
means that the pinion size changes with the ratio and for lower gears (higher
numerically) the pinion teeth are smaller.

3) Discuss how gear selection affecting tractor performance?

Obviously, the main reason of the gear selection is to ensure the better performance
and durability of a tractor during field operations. For example, when connected to
additional supplement, the tractor need enough torque to pull or push so with the
presence of the gear it can increase the torque. A small motor spinning fast can provide
enough power for a device, but not enough torque. With a gear reduction, the output
speed can be reduced while the torque is increased.