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(4 Nov 2020) Laporan Praktikum Mandiri Reproduksi Pada Ikan - Id.en
(4 Nov 2020) Laporan Praktikum Mandiri Reproduksi Pada Ikan - Id.en
(4 Nov 2020) Laporan Praktikum Mandiri Reproduksi Pada Ikan - Id.en
REPRODUCTION SYSTEM
ON FISH
ARRANGED BY :
ABDULLAH (01)
CLASS: TPS 1A
2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY
1.1. Background
The success of a fish species is determined by the ability of the fish to reproduce in changing
environmental conditions and the ability to maintain its population. The reproductive function in fish is basically a part
of the reproductive system which consists of components of the genital glands or gonads, where in female fish it is
called the ovary, while in males it is called the testes and their ducts. While some endocrine glands have a role in
regulating the reproductive system (Hoar & Randall, 1983). Fish are members of poikilothermic (cold-blooded) that
live in water and breathe with their gills. Fish are the most diverse vertebrate group with more than 27,000 species
worldwide. To continue offspring, of course, fish need to reproduce. The ovary in fish consists of many eggs. Each
type of fish has its own egg size, some are large and some are small. Egg size will determine the number of eggs a
parent has. Fish that have a large egg size, for example Tilapia and Arowana, will have a smaller number of eggs
compared to fish with small eggs such as Betta and Goldfish. This is due to the capacity the parent has to
accommodate eggs. The size of fish eggs is largely determined by the size of the yolk. The larger the yolk, the
greater the chance for the embryo to survive. The testes are male reproductive organs that are paired and located
under the spine. Fish testes are shaped like bags with folds, and are covered with a layer of spermatogenic cells
(spermatocytes). The pair of testes in the male will begin to enlarge at the time of mating, and the male sperm
moves through the vas deferens to the urogenital opening. The testes number a pair, suspended on the middle wall
of the abdominal cavity by the mesortium. Oval shape with a rough surface.
Most of the testes are long and often lobbed. The reproductive tract, in Elasmoranchi, some of the anterior
mesonephric tubules will become afferent ducts and connect the testes with mesonephrus, which are called deferent
dutus. The posterior part of the afferent duct dilates to form the seminal vesicles, from which a sperm sac is formed.
Dutus deferen will lead to the cloaca. In Teleostei the channels from the excretory system and the reproductive
The purpose of this practicum is so that we can find out the reproductive system in fish and in order to
know the reproductive organs (primary and secondary) in fish and to be able to distinguish between male and female
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
Fish reproduce externally. In doing so, male and female fish will approach each other, then the female fish
will issue eggs. Then, the male fish will release his sperm, the sperm and eggs will mix in the water (which is called
oviparus). If a population consists of fish that have different sexualities, it is called the population.
a. Ovaries
In the Teleost group there is a pair of ovaries that are elongated and compact. The ovaries consist of
oogonia and supporting tissue or stroma. They are suspended in the upper part of the body cavity by
means of mesovaria, under or beside the swim bladder (if any. Their size and development in the body
cavity varies with the degree of maturity. At maturity the ovaries can reach 70% of their body weight. Most
of the time they are still alive. Young, whitish in color and yellowish when ripe.In chondrichtyes, the oviduct
(Mullerian duct) with an inlet (ostium tubes abdominalis) at the end is located at the front of the body cavity.
b. Test test
The testes (male gonads) are internal and longitudinal in shape, generally in pairs. Lamprey and Hagfishes
have single testes. In Chodrichtyhes, often one gonad is larger than the other. These testes depend on the
upper part of the body cavity by means of the mesorchium, under or beside the gas bubble (if any). They
are composed of follicles where spermatozoa develop. The size and color of the gonads vary depending on
the degree of maturity with a weight of up to 12% or more of their body weight. Most of the testes are
yellowish white and smooth. Before arriving at the discharge hole (urogenital pore), spermatozoa originate
from
The testes first pass through the vasa efferentia, epididymis, vasa defferentia, seminal vesicles, urogenital
sinus, and urogenital papilla in Chondrichthyes. On the seminal side of the vesicle and / or sperm sac,
Gonads are reproductive organs that function to produce sex cells (gametes). The gonads found in the body of
male fish are called testes, which function to produce spermatozoa, while gonads found in female fish are called
ovaries, which produce eggs (ovum). Observation about the stages of fish gonad maturity can be done
a. Virgin
The sexual organs are very small close together under the spine, testes and ovaries transparent, from
b. Dara Evolves
Testes and ovaries clear, gray red. It is half or less in length than the length of the lower cavity. One egg at
c. Development I
The testes and ovaries are ovoid, reddish in color with capillaries. The gonads fill roughly half the space to
d. Development II
the stomach is pressed. The ovaries are reddish orange in color. Eggs can be distinguished clearly, they
are ovoid in shape. The ovaries fill about two-thirds of the lower space.
e. Pregnant
Sexual organs fill the lower space. White testes, sperm droplets when pressed on the stomach. The eggs
are round in shape, some of these eggs are clear and ripe.
f. Mijah
Eggs and sperm come out with a little pressure on the stomach. Most eggs are clear in color with some
The gonads are not completely empty, no eggs are ovoid. Copy
h.
The testes and ovaries are empty and red. Some of the eggs are in a re-suction state.
i. Restore Copy
CHAPTER III
PRACTICAL METHOD
The tools and materials used at this practicum can be seen in the following table:
1. Tool
Tweezers
Cutting board To place the fish and reproductive organs being observed
2 material
The work procedures carried out to observe the reproductive organs in fish are as follows:
b. Observe the morphological differences in male and female sex (color, shape, and size).
c. Surgical the fish until you see the contents of the stomach and make sure the position of each organ has not changed.
CHAPTER IV
c) Length: 24.5 cm
c) Gonad length: 11 cm
c) Length: 17 cm
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION
The reproductive function in fish is basically a part of the reproductive system which consists of components of the
genital glands or gonads, where in female fish it is called the ovary, while in males it is called the testes and their
ducts. In principle, sexuality in fish consists of two sexes, namely male and female. Male fish are fish that have
sperm-producing organs, while female fish are fish that have egg-producing organs. Primary sexual characteristics
in fish are characterized by the presence of organs that are directly related to the reproductive process, namely the
ovaries and vessels in female fish, and testes with vessels in male fish. Secondary sexual characteristics are
external signs that can be used to differentiate between male and female fish.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Alamsyah, S.1974.Ickthiology Systematics (Ichtyologi-I), Higher Education Improvement / Development Project, IPB.
Anonymous. 2006. "Teaching Materials for Ichtiology Subjects". Hasanuddin University Makasar: Makassar.