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Extra Grammar Exercises

(Unit 3)

LESSON 1

A. Write statements and questions, using wish + the past perfect. Use contractions
when possible.
1. She / wish / she / not buy / red shoes.

She wishes she’d bought red shoes

2. Ted and Will / wish / they take / the bus this morning.

Ted and will wish they had taken the bus this morning

3. You / wish / we / get tickets for the concert?

Do you wish we’d gotten tickets for the concert?

4. Most people / wish / they study / more in school.

Most people wish they’d studied more in school

5. Who / Sallie / wish / she / call about the job?

Who does sallie wish she’d called about the job?

6. Why / you / wish / we / go to the mall yesterday?

Why do you whish we’d gone to the mall yesterday

7. I / wish / you / tell me / sooner.

I wish you’d told me sooner

Summit 1, Third Edition Unit 3

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 8. What time / they / wish / they / left for the show?
What time do they wish they’d left for the show ?

9. My husband / wish / we / not get / this desktop computer.

My husband wishes we hadn’t gotten this desktop computer

10. Your parents / not wish / you / study medicine?

Don’t Your parents wish you’d studied medicine?

Summit 1, Third Edition Unit 3

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 B. Restate each quotation with a statement using wish + the past perfect.
1. Emilie: “I should have bought the X300 when it was on sale.”

ZPilie riçßeç çße ßDG EoXµßW Wße FÇ00 rße4 iW rDç o4 çDle.
2. Bradley: “Mark, you shouldn’t have gotten a new treadmill.”

Bradley: Mark , wishes mark hadn’t got a new treadmill”

3. Peter: “Susan, you should have bought the more expensive model.”
Peter: wishes Susan had bought the more expensive model

4. Marta: “I shouldn’t have paid so much for that used car.”

Martha wishes she hadn’t paid so much for thaht use car

C. Rewrite the statements and questions, changing should have or ought to have to
if only.
1. They should have known the smart bike was a waste of money.

If only they had known that the smart bike was a waste of money

2. We ought to have returned the food processor before it was too late.

if only we had returned the food processor before it was too lite
3. I should have read all the online reviews of the car before I bought it.
if only I had read I the online reviews of the car before I bought it

4. Sylvia ought to have known about the defects in the exercise machine before paying all
that money.

if only silvia had knew about the defects in the exercise machine before playing all that
money
5. Tate’s parents should have insisted that he put away some money for a rainy day.
If only tates parents had insisted that he put away some money fot a rainy day

Summit 1, Third Edition Unit 3

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 READING

“Charities of the Week”

The following non-governmental, non-profit organizations have been among the most popular
charities supported by both philanthropists and other generous people over the past year. Both
of them have excellent reputations and both have been shown to use a high percentage of
their funds for their work rather than for administrative expenses. They both seek contributions,
and you can donate to each one through its website. If you are interested in volunteering your
time, information about that can be found on the websites as well.

Doctors Without Borders

This well-known charitable organization dates from 1971, when 300 doctors, nurses, and other
staff, including journalists, oficially formed it. Originally named (in French) Médecins Sans
Frontières (MSF), it became known internationally in English as Doctors Without Borders.
MSF’s founding belief is that medical care should be available to everyone, regardless of
location. Every year MSF provides emergency care to millions of people caught in crises in
some 70 countries around the world. It offers assistance when catastrophic events such as
armed conflicts, epidemics, malnutrition, or natural disasters overwhelm health resources.
MSF also assists people who are neglected by their local health systems or who are otherwise
excluded from medical care.

Coral Reef Alliance

Pollution, overfishing, and rapid development are threatening coral reefs around the world. The
guiding belief of the Coral Reef Alliance is that since these problems are caused by humans,
they can be solved by humans. Corals are resilient to change, but if subjected to current levels
of stress, they are in danger of extinction within a few decades. Coral Reef Alliance volunteers
work in partnership with the people and groups who depend on reefs for their survival. They
employ a three-pronged approach: reducing threats such as overfishing and poor water
quality; helping communities benefit socially, culturally, and economically from conservation;
and working directly with the tourism industry to decrease its environmental footprint. If the
Coral Reef Alliance is successful, we will be able to enjoy beautiful coral reefs for a long time
to come.

Summit 1, Third Edition Unit 3

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Extra Reading Comprehension Questions

(Unit 3, Page 34)

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS

A. Find the following terms in the article. Using context, write a definition of what each
term means according to the article.
1. three-pronged approach
used simultaneously to solve a problem

2. environmental footprint
how tourism affects the environmet

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Extra Challenge Reading Activities

(Accompanies Unit 3, Page 34)

1. What does the writer suggest about the two charitable organizations?
a. They prefer that people contribute rather than volunteer.
b. They seek volunteers to fund their work.
c. They accept both contributions and offers to volunteer time.
d. They are generous to the philanthropists who support them.

2. What is the writer’s purpose in describing the history of Doctors Without Borders?
a. To show that it was started mainly by medical professionals who wanted to help.
b. To emphasize the dificulty of finding doctors who are able to volunteer.
c. To show that they work mostly in French-speaking countries.
d. To describe a specific crisis that led to the organization’s founding.

3. What is the main point made about the medical crises MSF helps in?
a. They occur mainly in developing countries.
b. They are almost always natural crises that can’t be prevented.
c. Natural and man-made crises can affect people anywhere in the world.
d. MSF tries to avoid interfering in political conflicts.

4. Coral reefs are at risk because .

a. too many people are dependent on them
b. of a reduction in poor water quality
c. of the nearby communities’ cultural practices
d. they are being fished too often and their living environment has changed

5. What does the phrase “resilient to change” tell us about coral reefs?
a. Reefs are able to change quickly to adapt to new conditions.
b. Reefs are dificult to protect because they are always under a new threat.
c. The changes in the reefs are natural, and not caused by people.
d. It takes a lot of change to the environment for reefs to be damaged.

6. The writer suggests that tourism .

a. has helped to protect and conserve reefs
b. has had a negative effect on the environment in general
c. will be less prevalent in the future
d. has brought volunteers to help the reefs

Summit 1, Third Edition Unit 3

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