Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Textile Export Promotion in India-Salient Features: Abstract - Textiles Are Indispensable Part of Human
Textile Export Promotion in India-Salient Features: Abstract - Textiles Are Indispensable Part of Human
Textile Export Promotion in India-Salient Features: Abstract - Textiles Are Indispensable Part of Human
1, March 2015 1
Abstract--- Textiles are indispensable part of human The oldest known textiles, which date back to about 5000
civilization. By classifying cloth as one of the basic needs of B.C., are scraps of linen cloth found in Egyptian caves [2].
an individual along with food and shelter, the humanity The industry was primarily a family and domestic one until
accepted its importance in the human life. In textiles, the the early part of the 1500s when the first factory system was
fibres are the fundamental unit or building bloc of the yarn. A established. In 1769 when Richard Arkwright‟s spinning
fibre is defined as any product capable of being woven or frame with variable speed rollers was patented, water
otherwise made into a fabric. Government of India has taken power replaced manual power [ 3 ] . During the period of
many export promotion measures in the past and also industrial revolution in England in the 18thcentury the
pursuing many schemes at this moment in order to promote power machines for spinning and weaving were invented.
textile exports from India. In November 2000, the government The first commercial production started was of rayon
of India announced the New Textile Policy 2000 to facilitate fibres in America in 1910 and then further nylon fibre was
the textile industry to attain and sustain a pre-eminent global introduced by the Du-Pont company in the year 1939. The first
standing in the manufacture and export of clothing. At this innovation in cotton manufacture was the flying shuttle,
juncture, the government of India has to find innovative ways developed by John Kay in 1733, and was one of the key
of promoting textile exports from India particularly, focusing developments in weaving that helped fuel the industrial
on skill development and creating a congenial environment for revolution. The flying shuttle enabled the weavers to propel
new entrepreneurs to enter into this industry. the shuttle through a wider strip of cloth with a single
hand, and allowed the other hand to perform the combing
Keywords--- Apparel Exports, Export Promotion,
Garments, India, Textiles to compact the cloth. This speeded the process and thus
increased production. James Hargreaves, a carpenter,
developed the spinning jenny, which greatly speeded up
the process of weaving cotton threads into cloth. Patented
in 1767, the spinning jenny was a series of simple machines
I. INTRODUCTION
rather than a single machine, and it spun sixteen threads of
DOI: 10.9756/BIJIEMS.8023
F. Export Promotion Councils clusters spread across 20 states in India to provide trained
There are eleven textile Exports Promotion Councils manpower in the field of pattern making/ cutting techniques
(EPCs) representing all segments of the Textiles & Clothing and production supervision and quality control techniques to
sector, viz. readymade garments, cotton, silk, jute, wool, the readymade garment industry so that quality garments
powerloom, handloom, handicrafts and carpets. These are manufactured for the global market.
councils act as a registration body in related products for J. National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council
exporters, carry out both executive and advisory functions. (NMCC)
The export promotion councils give market and product
The National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council
related information to exporters while providing information
(NMCC) was set up by the Government to provide a
on the problems faced by the exporters to the ministry of
continuing forum for policy dialogue to energise and sustain
textiles and other ministries to promote the growth of their
the growth of manufacturing industries in India [14]. The
respective sector in the global markets. The councils conduct
National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council is
and take part in textiles and clothing fairs and exhibitions in
expected to suggest various ways and means for improving
India and abroad to expand the markets of their respective
the competitiveness of manufacturing sector including
sectors. These councils are Apparel Export Promotion
identification of manufacturing sectors which have potential
Council (AEPC), The Cotton Textiles Export Promotion
for international competitiveness, its strengths and weaknesses
Council (Texprocil), The Synthetic & Rayon Textiles Export
in order to recommend national level industry/sector specific
Promotion Council (SRTEPC), Wool & Woollen Export
policy initiatives as may be required for developing the
Promotion Council (S&WEPC), Wool Industry Export
growth of manufacturing sector. Globally, the manufacturing
Promotion Organization (WOOLTEXPRO), Indian Silk
activities are now acquiring a new dimension. The trend is to
Export Promotion Council (ISEPC), Carpet Export
source products from low-cost countries (LCCs) [15]. India
Promotion Council (CEPC), Export Promotion Council for
with its past experience, large pool of skilled manpower,
Handicrafts (EPCH), Power-loom Development & Export
established raw material and supply base and growing
Promotion Council (PDEXCIL), Handloom Export
domestic market volumes has unlimited and untapped potential
Promotion Council (HEPC) and Jute Product
to emerge as major manufacturing hub for the international
Development Export Promotion Council (JPDEPC) [10].
market.
G. Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC)
K. National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT)
The Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) was
The National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) was
started in February, 1978 aimed at promoting exports of
established in the year 1986 as the apex body under the aegis
Ready Made Garments (RMG) from India. Till 2005, during
of the ministry of textiles, government of India [16]. NIFT
quota regime, the Apparel Export Promotion Council was
Act 2006 (passed by the Indian Parliament) has accorded
administering the exports entitlements quota in respect of
statutory status for the promotion and development of
readymade garment items, which were subject to restraint in
education and research in Fashion Technology on lines of
USA, European Union and Canada. The headquarters of Apparel
similar premier institutes, with the President of India as the
Export Promotion Council is located at New Delhi, and
visitor. The objective of National Institute of Fashion
Apparel Export Promotion Council has Regional Offices at
Technology is to train professionals to meet the
New Delhi, Jaipur (Rajasthan), Ludhiana (Punjab), Mumbai
requirements of the textiles industry. The Institute has
(Maharashtra), Chennai and Tirupur (Tamilnadu), Bangalore
pioneered the evolution of fashion business education across
(Karnataka) and Kolkata (West Bengal) [11].
the country through its network of centres in Bengaluru,
H. Apparel International Mart (AIM) Chennai, Gandhinagar, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Kangra,
The main objective of setting up of the Apparel International Mumbai, New Delhi, Patna, Rae Bareli and Shillong.
Mart (AIM) was to provide an opportunity to Indian exporters to
showcase their products to buyers. It was constructed at Gurgaon IV. CONCLUSION
in Haryana where International buyers can converge at a single The government of India has many numbers of steps to
point to access their requirements and conduct on-the-spot promote textile exports from India, in particular the export of
business [12]. cotton or apparel exports. The government has tried with
I. Apparel Training & Designing Centres (ATDCS) cluster approach focusing on creating centres of export driven
industry especially the export industries in Tirupur, Delhi,
The Apparel Training & Designing Centre was set up Ludhiana, and Mumbai falls under this category. The
with an aim to train skilled workforce for the fast growing government also tried Export Oriented Units (EOUs), Special
export and domestic sectors of the Apparel Industry and Economic Zones (SEZ), Parks in specific industries. The
upgrade the technical skills to improve quality, productivity benefits of this can be clearly seen from the growth of textile
and efficiency in the international context. The Apparel industry in India in terms of its contribution to the total
Training & Designing Centre was registered as a Society exports, its share in GDP, its contribution to employment
under the Societies Registration Act on February15, 1991 generation. Now, developed countries like United States of
at New Delhi. There are 150 ATDCs including 25 ATDC America, European countries etc., pressurizing the Indian
community colleges and over 150 ATDC- SMART government to stop giving subsidies and other monetary
peripatetic centres [13] and skill camps in major apparel rewards to exporters as it is against the WTO protocol and free
REFERENCES
[1]. Biselli, M, China’s role in the global textile industry, Shanghai: China
Europe International Business Schoo, 2009.
[2]. Office of Complaince, Profile of the Textile Industry. Washinton: U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1997.
[3]. Neefus, J,Textile Industrial Process. (L. Cralley, & L. Cralley, Eds.)
Industrial Hygiene Aspects of Plant Opperations , 1, 1982.
[4]. Yavuz, E, The industrial revolution and consequences. Retrieved August
05, 2013, from Yeditepe University:
www.yeditepe.edu.tr/dotAsset/74101.pdf, 2013.
[5]. Ahmed, A. M., Iqbal, M., Mughal, J., & Moiz, A. (2009, December
11). Article: Industry. Retrieved 09 03, 2013, from Fibre2fashion:
www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/49/4846/world-trade-is-
expected-to-expand-slowly-in-20132.asp
[6]. Goswami, B., Martindale, J., & Scardino, F,Textile Yarns: Technology,
Structure and Applications. New Delhi: Wiley India Pvt. Ltd, 2011.
[7]. Ministry-of-Textiles, Annual report 2001-02. New Delhi: Ministry of
Textiles, Government of India, 2002.
[8]. Ministry-of-Textiles, Annual report 2002-03. New Delhi: Ministry of
Textiles, Government of India, 2003.
[9]. Ministry-of-Textiles. (2004). Annual report 2003-04. New Delhi:
Ministry of Textiles, Government of India, 2004.
[10]. Ministry-of-Textiles, Annual report 2012-13. New Delhi: Ministry of
Textiles, Government of India, 2013.
[11]. Ministry-of-Textiles, Annual report 2008-09. New Delhi: Ministryof
Textiles, Government of India, 2009.
[12]. Arun, T., Bhalla, S., Fraser, J., & Nicholson, K.,Tirupur knitwear
cluster, Tamil Nadu, India. Harvard University. Harvard University,
2011.
[13]. Deveraja, T, Indian textile and garment industry-An overview. New
Delhi: Indian Council of Social Science Research, 2011.
[14]. Office-of-district-collector,Tirupur cluster - A success story. Retrieved
September 14, 2013, from Tirupur district:
http://tiruppur.tn.nic.in/textile.html, 2013, september 14.
[15]. Sathyapriya, P, Export performance of the garment industry in Tirupur.
PHD Thesis, Bharathiar University, Department of Commerce,
Coimbatore, 2007.
[16]. TEA. About TEA. Retrieved September 14, 2012, from Tirupur
Exporters Association: http://www.tea-india.org/Pages/aboutus.aspx,
2012, September 14.