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Contact 29 - 6-6 - Composite Beams
Contact 29 - 6-6 - Composite Beams
/ Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 1
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 2
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Overview:
• When we developed the bending stress formula,
we set the following conditions
• That the beam consists of a homogeneous
material.
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 3
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Purpose:
• In the previous slides we saw that beams can be
constructed of more than 1 material, i.e. the
beam is now a composite section. Therefore, the
bending stress formula cannot be directly applied.
• The purpose of this lesson is to determine the
bending stresses in composite beams using the
approach of transformed sections, by
transforming the different materials into a single
material.
Steel plate
Composite beam
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 4
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Method:
Material
• Consider a composite beam made of two
materials, i.e., 1 and 2, joined together.
Material
• Similar to a homogeneous section subjected
to a bending moment:
• The cross section remains plane and
perpendicular to the NA
• The normal strains vary linearly from
zero at the NA to a maximum value at
the extreme fibres.
Normal strain distribution
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 5
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Method:
• Accept material 1 and 2 is linearly elastic.
• Normal stress in material 1 is
• Normal stress in material 2 is
Material
Material
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 6
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Method:
• For , the strain and stress
distributions are
Normal strain
distribution
Normal stress
distribution
• Note the jump in tension at the boundary between the two materials
• Here, the strain is the same, but since the stiffness suddenly changes, so does the
stress.
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 7
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Method:
• Transform section using either material.
• Lets use weaker material, E2, as the base. Thus the stiffer material width will increase
• Transform only the width of the section.
• The height remains unchanged.
Stiff material
Less stiff
material
Stiff material
Less stiff
material
• is the transformation factor (dimensionless)
• If E1 was the base material
2
• The width of material 2 is changed, ,
• ′
• In this case, because
Beam transformed wrt material 2
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 10
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Method:
• After section is transformed, the normal stress
distribution is linear.
• NB, The stress in the transformed material must be
adjusted by the transformation factor (or ′) to
determine the true stress, because the area of the
transformed material
Bending stress distribution (Material 1)
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 11
Introduction / Short Lecture
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Example
A wood beam is reinforced with steel straps at its top and bottom as shown. Determine the
maximum bending stress developed in the wood and steel if the beam is subjected to
a moment of M = 150 kNm. Sketch the stress distribution acting over the cross section.
Take EWOOD = 10 GPa, ESTEEL = 200 GPa.
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 12
Individual and Teamwoirk
Week #8: Bending Continued (Chapter 6.5 and 6.6)
Contact Session #29: Composite Beams (Chapter 6.6)
Vereistes vir hierdie week:
1. Tutoriaal #7 (SunLearn)
2. Quiz(zes) Week 8 voltooi (SunLearn)
Addisioneel aanbeveel (SunLearn):
1. SunLearn Selfstudie Week 8
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 224 13