Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Behavior Motivation
Behavior Motivation
Behavior Motivation
Occupational Safety
& Health
OBJECTIVES
To understand man’s different
backgrounds and the relationship of
these to safe practices.
Motivations
Conflicting motivations should be considered in any
attempt to understand human relations.
Emotions
People frequently act at the emotional level.
Attitudes
Closely allied to emotions.
Learning process
Depends on the age.
Three forms of feedback used
in Behavioral Safety Process:
Verbal – at the point of
observation
Graphical – in the
workplace
Weekly discussion
meetings
HUMAN ELEMENTS in
Safety
A specific challenging target
clarifies what constitutes good
performance & removes
ambiguity.
In combination, goals &
feedbacks are more powerful
than either one alone
KYP
Know your People
GPR
Good Personal
Relations
THINGS TO KNOW
ABOUT PEOPLE
OBSERVABLE
MEASURABLE
therefore
BEHAVIOR CAN BE
MANAGED !
MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
PLANNING
LEADING ORGANIZING
CONTROLLING
ATTITUDES
MOTIVATION is defined as
inducing people to work with
will to achieve a given task.
OBJECTIVE OF
MOTIVATION
To improve safety
performance through behavior
motivation.
All of these are nothing if we would
not use the above results of
success as tools to attain or
provide “HAPPINESS”
The objective of
MOTIVATION is for us
and our subordinates to
gain success where
We develop talents We reap honors
We gain power
JOB MOTIVATORS
Achievement
Recognition
Work itself
Responsibility
Professional growth
MOTIVATION
Individual’s tendency toward
action in a given situation.
It is the individual who acts or
behaves in a given situation
Goal-Directed School of
Motivation
Needs Hierarchy Theory
Need Achievement Theory
Needs – Hierarchy
Theory
things that reflect on self-esteem,
friendships, romantic attachments, and
personal worth,
families help social
fulfillSELF recognition,
this– ACTUALIZATION
need for
and accomplishment.
companionship and acceptance, as does
self-aware, in
involvement concerned
social, with personal
community, or
EGO NEEDS
growth,
desire less concerned
for steady
religious groups. employment, with the opinions
health
care,ofsafe
others, and interested
workplace and
SOCIAL NEEDS
fulfilling their
potential.
environment, hazard free
SECURITY NEEDS
PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
PHYSIOLOGICAL Needs
Hunger, thirst, excretion, rest, activity, sex, shelter, etc.
SECURITY Needs
Safety, preparation for the future, justice, comfort, self-preservation
SOCIAL Needs
Acceptance, group membership, belonging, team spirit, tolerance
EGO or ESTEEM Needs
Importance, self – respect, dignity, power, recognition, prestige,
status
SELF–ACTUALIZATION
Self expression (artists), use of potential, self-fulfillment,
achievement, creativity
NEEDS ACHIEVEMENT
Theory
ACHIEVEMENT
AFFILIATION /
RELATIONSHIP /
ATTACHMENT
POWER
PEOPLE TRY TO SATISFY
THEIR DESIRES
Food Acceptance
Shelter Achievement
Security Self-Esteem
Sex Status
Examples of
CONFLICTING DESIRES
SAFETY VS. SAVING TIME
SAFETY VS. SAVING EFFORT
SAFETY VS. COMFORT
SAFETY VS. GETTING ATTENTION
SAFETY VS. INDEPENDENCE
SAFETY VS. GROUP ACCEPTANCE
REINFORCERS
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
an act is followed by a pleasurable
reward (e.g. you do something
right and your boss praises you)
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
you do something right and your
boss doesn't criticize you as he
usually does.
REINFORCERS
EXTINCTION
you do something wrong and your
boss doesn't praise you as he
often does.
PUNISHMENT
you do something wrong and your
boss criticizes you.
LAW OF EFFECT
If our actions have pleasant
effects, then we will be more
likely to repeat them in the future.
ENFORCER LEADER
POLICEMAN COACH
PUNISHER REWARDER
NEGATIVE POSITIVE
Putting Positive Behavior
Reinforcement To Work
DUCATION
NFORCEMENT
SAFETY IS NOT MAGIC
ABC Model
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
ACTIVATORS
a person, place, thing, or event
that comes before a behavior, and
encourages or triggers a behavior.
Activators
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
signs
written procedures
training
must be specific
A Activators
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
ASSE Professional Development Conference 2015
BEHAVIOR
Observable
Predictable
a choice made by the individual
it makes sense to the individual
ABC Model
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
What about
Unsafe Behavior
is normal behavior to the individual;
is the result of normal people reacting
to their environment.
Normally, employees do not do things
knowing they will result in injuries.
B Research-based Reasons
Behavior
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
ASSE Professional Development Conference 2015
CONSEQUENCES
A is the predecessor to a behavior
C is the behavior itself
s
include
n i
j p raise
u l
r i
mone y n
e
ABC Model
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
CONSEQUENCES
Consequences control behavior.
Activators influence behavior.
Like Activators,
Stronger Consequences are more effective.
C Consequences
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
ASSE Professional Development Conference 2015
Significance
Positive / Negative
Positive consequences are
stronger than negative.
C Consequences
Influence Behaviors for Better Safety Performance
ASSE Professional Development Conference 2015
Most Powerful
Consequences
occur soon after a
behavior; certain, consistent;
and positive.
Sometimes, strong consequences create unsafe
behaviors. Ex: there may be the perception that it
will be more comfortable not to wear a face shield.
BEHAVIORAL CHANGE
% ABC Model: Influence Behaviors
for Better Safety Performance
ASSE Professional Development Conference 2015
The Problem
unsafe behavior contributes to
90% of injuries / accidents.
The Solution
encourage workers to make
better choices.
BEHAVIORAL CHANGE
% ABC Model: Influence Behaviors
for Better Safety Performance
ASSE Professional Development Conference 2015
The Problem
unsafe behavior contributes to
90% of injuries / accidents.
The Solution
encourage workers to make
better choices.
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH
TO BEHAVIOR CHANGE
ASSE Professional Development Conference 2015