Implant Occlusion Final

IMPLANT OCCLUSION
GUIDED BY BY
Dr. R.Madhan FEBEL HUDA
M.D.S 2ND Yr PG
“Occlusion is a static relationship between the incising or masticating
surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth or tooth
analogues.”GPT-8.
QUERIES ?
• WHAT IS AN IMPLANT?
WHAT IS AN IMPLANT?
“A graft or insert set firmly or deeply into the
alveolar process that may be prepared for its
insertion” – GPT-8
QUERIES ?
• WHAT IS AN IMPLANT? OVER LOAD STRESS
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND CONCENTRATED
NATURAL TEETH?
WHAT IS SO
SHOCK ABSORBER
STRESS DISTRIBUTION
DIFFERENT BETWEEN
AT
CRESTAL BONE
IMPLANT AND NATURAL TEETH?
PDL OSSEOINTRGRATION
FULCRUM TO
LATERAL FORCES
OSSEOPERCEPTION
LATERAL MOVEMENTS
56 -108µm 10-50µm
APICAL MOVEMENT
3-5µm
25-100µm
PROPRICEPTION
QUERIES ?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

QUERIES ?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT FORCES
DIFFERENT FORCES
ACTING ON AN IMPLANT?
FORCES ON A IMPLANT ARE

NORMAL FORCE
SHEAR FORCE

QUERIES ? • FORCE
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES

QUERIES ? • FORCE
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES

QUERIES ? • MOMENT or torque is defined as a
• WHAT IS AN IMPLANT? vector(M),the magnitude of which equals
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND the product of the force magnitude
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
multiplied by the perpendicular
DIFFERENT FORCES
distance(moment arm) from the point of
interest to the line of action of the force.

QUERIES ? • MOMENT
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES

QUERIES ? • MOMENT (OCCLUSAL FORCE)
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT LENGTH OF THE PROSTHESIS BECOMES THE
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
MOMENT ARM
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES

QUERIES ? • MOMENT (LINGUAL FORCE)
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT HEIGHT OF THE PROSTHESIS BECOMES THE
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
MOMENT ARM
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES

QUERIES ? • MOMENT (LINGUAL FORCE)
• WHAT IS AN IMPLANT? HEIGHT OF THE PROSTHESIS BECOMES THE
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND MOMENT ARM
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES

QUERIES ? • MOMENT (MESIAL FORCE)
• WHAT IS AN IMPLANT? HEIGHT OF THE PROSTHESIS BECOMES THE
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND MOMENT ARM
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES

QUERIES ? • HOW SPLINTING HELPS REDUSE
FORCE?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
• HOW SPLINTING HELPS
REDUSE FORCE?

QUERIES ? • WHAT IS SO IMPORTANT ABOUT
OCCLUSION?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? 1. Masticatory efficiency
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
2. Comfort and stability
REDUSE FORCE? 3. Long term success of prosthesis
•WHAT IS SO IMPORTANT
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
QUERIES ? • WHAT IS AN IDEAL OCCLUSION?
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT • DAWSON(1974)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT IS AN IDEAL
OCCLUSION?
QUERIES ? NATURALWHATDENTITION
ARE THE DIFFERENT
• WHAT IS AN IMPLANT? • Canine protected
TYPE OF OCCLUSION?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• Group function(unilateral balanced
• WHAT ARE THE occlusion)
DIFFERENT FORCES
• Mutually protected(anterior disclusion,
REDUSE FORCE? posterior disclusion, organic occlusion,
ABOUT OCCLUSION? anterior protected occlusion)
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF • Bilateral balanced occlusion
OCCLUSION?
• DENTURE OCCLUSION
• Bilateral balanced occlusion
• Lingualized occlusion
CANINE PROTECTED
BILATERAL BALANCED OCCLUSION

GROUP FUNCTION
LINGUALIZED OCCLUSION
MUTUALLY PROTECTED
QUERIES ? • CANINE PROTECTED OCCLUSION
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT • D AMICO(1958)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
Dawson PE ,Evaluation ,Diagnosis and Treatment of Occlusal Problems

:A textbook of Occlusion. 2 nd Edition St.Louis,C V Mosby Co. 1978. pp274-297
QUERIES ? • CANINE PROTECTED OCCLUSION
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT • WHY CANINE?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
QUERIES ? • GROUP FUNCTION
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT • SCHUYLER 1959
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
QUERIES ? • FREEDOM OF OCCLUSION
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT (LONG CENTRIC)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
POSSELT (1952) in study 0.5- 1.5mm
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?

QUERIES ? • MUTUALLY PROTECTED
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT STUART & STALLARD (1960)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?

QUERIES ? • ORGANIC OCCLUSION
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT • Stuart & Stallard (1961)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
QUERIES ? • BILATERAL BALANCED OCCLUSION
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT SEAR (1925)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?

QUERIES ? • LINGUALIZED OCCLUSION
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
GYSI (1927)
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
FRENCH (1935)
Rodney;Lingualized occlusion revisited; J Prosthet Dent 2010;104:342-46.

• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT PAYNE (1941)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
30˚ tooth
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
POUND (1973)
> 30˚ MAXILLA
<20 ˚ MANDIBULAR
Rodney;Lingualized occlusion revisited; J Prosthet Dent 2010;104:342-46.

BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
Jim Collis CDT; Lingualized Occlusion Simplifying the Set-up Enhancing Function and Esthetics.
QUERIES ? • IMPLANT PROTECTED OCCLUSION
The salient features of this concept are
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? 1. Usage of implants of greater width
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES whenever possible
• HOW SPLINTING HELPS 2. Anterior teeth should disclude the
REDUSE FORCE?
•WHAT IS SO IMPORTANT posterior teeth
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
3. Absence of lateral contacts in
OCCLUSION? excursion.
4. All occlusal contacts more medial
than the natural teeth
5. A reduced width of the occlusal
table
Misch CE, Bides MW. Implant-protected occlusion. Int J Dent Symp, 2: 32-37, 1994.
QUERIES ? • IMPORTANCE OF THE OCCLUSAL
TABLE?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? 1. Occlusal table width
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
2. Height of the prosthesis
REDUSE FORCE? 3. Occlusal form
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
•IMPORTANCE OF THE
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
QUERIES ? Occlusal table width
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?

QUERIES ? • Height of the prosthesis
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
IDEAL HEIGHT=9 – 10mm
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
Every 1mm of crown height
ABOUT OCCLUSION? 20% increase in force
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
Steven Kendrick; Vertical and Horizontal Dimensions of Implant Dentistry: Numbers Every Dentist Should Know;
INSIDE DENTISTRY—JULY/AUGUST 2009.
QUERIES ? • Occlusal form
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND JAMIE 1996- shallow cusps and
NATURAL TEETH?
flat occlusal table
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE WEINBERG 1995- ↑10˚ cuspal inclination
DIFFERENT TYPE OF ↑30% load
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
20˚ cusp tooth is preferred over flat cusp
Jamie; The influence of occlusal design on simulated masticatory forces transferred to implant-retained prostheses and supporting bone;
J Prosthet Dent 1996;76:50-5.
QUERIES ? • WHAT IS THE MATERIAL OF CHOICE
FOR OCCLUSAL TABLE?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
•WHAT IS THE MATERIAL
OF CHOICE FOR OCCLUSAL
TABLE?
QUERIES ? • HOW TO CHECK THE FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
• 16 µ : Removable implant prosthesis
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
• 12 µ : Removable – natural tooth
REDUSE FORCE? • 8 µ : fixed implant prosthesis
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE? • Force bearable by implant to implant
•HOW TO CHECK THE
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
prosthesis is 3µ (nearly 0)
Dawson PE. Functional occlusion: from TMJ to smile design. Vol.1. St. Louis (MO): Mosby and Co. 2007. p. 347. & 393- 410.
QUERIES ? • T- SCAN
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
Robert.B.; Artculating paper mark misconceptions and computerized occlusal analysis technology: a clinical brief.
QUERIES ? • WHAT ARE THE OTHER MEANS OF
REDUCING FORCE ON A IMPLANT?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? 1. Angle of the implant
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
2. Design of the prosthesis
REDUSE FORCE? 3. Spacing of implants (A-P spread)
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
4. Splinting of the implants
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION? 5. Staggering of implants
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
6. Number of implants
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?

1 2
3 4
Stewart’s , Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics 3rd ed

QUERIES ? • CLINICAL SITUATIONS (single tooth)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE GROUP FUNCTION
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
Shantanu Jambhekar;Occlusion and Occlusal Considerations in Implantology; INDIAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL ADVANCEMENTS 2(1), 2010.
QUERIES ? • CLINICAL SITUATIONS ( KD class 1)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE
FINAL IMPLANT MUTUALLY PROTECTED
OCCLUSION? GROUP FUNCTION (WHEN ANTERIORS ARE
PERIODONTALY COMPROMISED)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE MUTUALLY PROTECTED
FINAL IMPLANT CANINE PROTECTED
OCCLUSION? GROUP FUNCTION (WHEN ANTERIORS ARE
PERIODONTALY COMPROMISED)
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE GROUP FUNCTION
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
•WHAT IS THE MATERIAL GROUP FUNCTION
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
QUERIES ? • CLINICAL SITUATIONS
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT (implant supported fixed prosthesis
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? opposing natural dentition)
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
GROUP FUNCTION (OR)
OF CHOICE FOR OCCLUSAL MUTUALLY PROTECTED
TABLE? WITH SHALLOW ANTERIOR
•HOW TO CHECK THE GUIDANCE
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT (implant supported fixed prosthesis
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? opposing complete denture)
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
BILATERAL BALANCED OCCLUSION
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT (implant supported overdenture for
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? normal ridge)
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE BILATERAL BALANCED LINGUALIZED OCCLUSION
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
• WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT (implant supported overdenture for
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND
NATURAL TEETH? severely resorbed ridge)
• WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT FORCES
REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE
FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION? MONOPLANE OCCLUSION
QUERIES ? SUMMARY
BETWEEN IMPLANT AND • WHAT IS SO DIFFERENT BETWEEN IMPLANT
NATURAL TEETH?
• WHAT ARE THE
AND NATURAL TEETH?
DIFFERENT FORCES
• WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT FORCES ACTING
• HOW SPLINTING HELPS ON AN IMPLANT?
REDUSE FORCE?
• HOW SPLINTING HELPS REDUSE FORCE?
ABOUT OCCLUSION?
•WHAT ARE THE
• WHAT IS SO IMPORTANT ABOUT
DIFFERENT TYPE OF OCCLUSION?
OCCLUSION?
• WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPE OF
OCCLUSAL TABLE? OCCLUSION?
OF CHOICE FOR OCCLUSAL • IMPORTANCE OF THE OCCLUSAL TABLE?
TABLE?
•HOW TO CHECK THE
• WHAT IS THE MATERIAL OF CHOICE FOR
FINAL IMPLANT OCCLUSAL TABLE?
OCCLUSION?
• HOW TO CHECK THE FINAL IMPLANT
OCCLUSION?
PREVENT THIS !!!
REFERENCES
1. H T Shillingburg, Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics, 3rd
edition; Fundamentals of occlusion, Pp 11-24
2. Dawson PE ,Evaluation ,Diagnosis and Treatment of
Occlusal Problems :A textbook of Occlusion. 2 nd Edition
St.Louis,C V Mosby Co. 1978. pp274-297
3. Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.
4. Mc Neill; science and practice of occlusion;2nd ed.
5. Stewart’s , Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics 3rd ed
6. Shantanu Jambhekar;Occlusion and Occlusal
Considerations in Implantology; INDIAN JOURNAL OF
DENTAL ADVANCEMENTS 2(1), 2010.
7. MD Gross; Occlusion in implant dentistry. A review of the
literature of prosthetic determinants and current concepts;
Australian Dental Journal 2008; 53:(1 Suppl): S60–S68.
REFERENCES
7. Yongsik Kim; Occlusal considerations in implant therapy:
clinical guidelines with biomechanical rationale; Clin. Oral
Impl. Res. 16, 2005; 26–35.
8. YU-YING CHEN; Implant occlusion: biomechanical
considerations for implant-supported prostheses; J Dent Sci
2008¡EVol 3¡ENo 2.
9. Misch CE, Bides MW. Implant-protected occlusion. Int J
Dent Symp, 2: 32-37, 1994.
10. Torsten Jemt; Group function or canine protection; J
Prosthet Dent 2004;91:403-8.
11. Michael J. Racich; Implants & Occlusion: Observations &
Their Clinical Significance; The Journal of Implant &
Advanced Clinical Dentistry Vol. 3, No. 2 • February 2011.
REFERENCES
12. Byoung-Sup Sohn; Strain of implants depending on
occlusion types in mandibular implant-supported fixed
prostheses; J Adv Prosthodont 2011;3:1-9.
13. PJ Henry; Immediate loading of dental implants;
Australian Dental Journal 2008; 53:(1 Suppl): S69–S81.
14. Steven Kendrick; Vertical and Horizontal Dimensions
of Implant Dentistry: Numbers Every Dentist Should
Know; INSIDE DENTISTRY—JULY/AUGUST 2009.
15. James A. Ward; Immediate Loading of Dental
Implants; Chapter 21; 340pg – 454pg.
16. Jim Collis CDT; Lingualized Occlusion Simplifying the
Set-up Enhancing Function and Esthetics.
REFERENCES
17. Klineberg; Osseoperception: Sensory Function and Proprioception;
ADR 1999 13: 120
18. H .W. Anselm Wiskott; Rationale for a simplified occlusal design in
restorative dentistry; historical review and clinical guidelines; J
19. Thomas ; Evidence based considerations for removable
prosthodontics and dental implant occlusion ; review; J Prosthet
Dent 2005;94:555-60.
20. Weinberg; A comparision of imlant/prosthesis loading with four
clinical variables; Int J prosthodont 1995;8;421-433.
21. Jamie; The influence of occlusal design on simulated masticatory
forces transferred to implant-retained prostheses and supporting
bone; J Prosthet Dent 1996;76:50-5.
22. Rodney;Lingualized occlusion revisited; J Prosthet Dent
2010;104:342-46.
REFERENCES
23. Clark; Toward an understanding of implant occlusion and
stain adaptive bone modeling and remounting; J Prosthet
Dent 1999;81:553-61.
24. Mohamed Moataz; A comparison of the effect of different
occlusal form in mandibular implant overdentures; J
25. Tong-mei; Effect of prosthesis materials and prosthesis
splinting on peri-implant bone stress around implant in
poor-quality bone;Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants
2002;17;231-37.
26. Deniel; Factors to consider in selecting an occlusal concept
for patients with implants in the edentulous mandible; J
Prosthet Dent1995;74:308-4.
REFERENCES
27. Davies; what is occlusion; 8 volumes; British
dental journal,2001 vol 191;235-659.
28. Ali M. El-Sheikh; Passive tactile sensibility in
edentulous subjects treated with dental
implants: A pilot study; J Prosthet Dent
2004;91:26-32.

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IMPLANT OCCLUSION

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

FORCES ON A IMPLANT ARE

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

BILATERAL BALANCED OCCLUSION

Dawson PE ,Evaluation ,Diagnosis and Treatment of Occlusal Problems

Dawson PE ,Evaluation ,Diagnosis and Treatment of Occlusal Problems

Dawson PE ,Evaluation ,Diagnosis and Treatment of Occlusal Problems

Dawson PE ,Evaluation ,Diagnosis and Treatment of Occlusal Problems

Rodney;Lingualized occlusion revisited; J Prosthet Dent 2010;104:342-46.

Rodney;Lingualized occlusion revisited; J Prosthet Dent 2010;104:342-46.

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

20˚ cusp tooth is preferred over flat cusp

Carl. E. Mish; contemprory implant dentistry,3rd ed.

Stewart’s , Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics 3rd ed

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