Flower

Flower

Arrangement
Arrangement

BSN Level 1 - Block B

Pernito, Nhed Doguilles

Perez, Alessandra Marigold Aguilar

O B J E C T I V E S

1 . D E F I N I N G T H E F O L L O W I N G T E R M S

Flower arrangement

filler

Ikebana

flower holder

foliage

wilting

Sap

Secateur

Tokonama

florist foam
O B J E C T I V E S

2. Different Types of Flower Arrangement

3. Principles involved in Flower Arrangement

4. Tips to Prevent Flowers From Wilting

6. Materials Needed in Flower Arrangement

7. Skills in Flower Arrangement

8. The Importance of Flower Arrangement

9. Tips To Improve Flower Arrangement

Definition
of Terms
 Flower Arrangement
is an organization of design and color towards

creating an ambience using flowers, foliage and

other floral accessories.

 Filler
consist of small sprays of flowers. Floral designers use filler

flowers to fill in the spaces among the mass flowers within

the framework of a floral design.

Example filler flowers:

Baby's Breath, Statice, Solid Aster, Waxflower

 Ikebana
the Japanese art of flower arranging that emphasizes

form and balance. It is a type of floral arrangement that

is incredibly dramatic and creative.

 Flower holder
an object that is mounted underneath the container to

protect the support's surface and to enhance the display's

attractiveness.
 Foliage
are decorative plants that are prepared and

cultivated for their ornamental leaves.

 Wilting
is the drooping, crumpling, and rolling of leaves and other

soft aerial sections due to a lack of turgidity.

 Sap
is the life’s blood of a plant which is a fluid that flows

within a plant, transporting food, nutrients and other

substances to different tissues.

 Secateurs
are a type of gardening tool that resembles a pair of

heavy, sturdy scissors. They are used for cutting plant

stems.
 Tokonama
is a decorative area that serves as a venue for which a

Japanese scrolls of paintings, seasonal flowers, and other

ornaments are exhibited towards the far end of the room,

opposing the entry.

 Florist foam
are green blocks of sponge-like foam that is also

known as Oasis. It can be shaped and cut to different

sizes
Types of Flower
Arrangement
 Fan-shaped Flower Arrangement
Flower arrangers use this most prevalent traditional flower arrangement style.

The leaves and flowers are being structured in a fan shape, in which the leaves

resemble the blades of a flower.

This type of flower arrangement uses the same or different kinds of flowers in

multiple colors.
 Elliptical Flower Arrangement
Flowers are placed and arranged in the shape of an ellipse in this type of flower

arrangement.

is frequently used to emphasize the allure of the flowers by highlighting flowers of

brighter colors.

It's most commonly given as birthday gifts, weddings and other types of parties in the

form of bouquets with vibrant and scented flowers

 Vertical Flower Arrangement

are among the most popular floral arrangements for bouquets and flower baskets.

These arrangements are made up of a variety of multiple sorts of flowers in a

variety of colors and shapes.

It uses very tall stems of flowers and leaves, such as tulips, roses, and carnations.
 Horizontal Flower Arrangement

This type of flower arrangement is made in a very shallow container. It features a

single large flower as the focal point, as well as drooping flower branches on

either side.

Horizontal floral arrangements have a low profile, making them ideal for

centerpieces.
 Triangular Flower Arrangement
A triangular flower arrangement is one in which flowers are cut and trimmed into

a triangle shape.

To keep the arrangement triangular, the tallest flower stems are placed in the

center, with smaller flowers grouped on the sides.

These flower arrangements typically have a large flower in the center.

These flowers are arranged in bright floral bouquets with cellophane papers that

are shiny and transparent.

 Crescent Flower Arrangement
is also known as the C type of flower arrangement which is shaped like a moon.

Flowers with flexible stems like gladiola and carnations and curved shaped flower

stems have to be selected.

can be used which are suitable for coffee table decoration.

These are usually supported by glossy flower wraps and the leaves, and the

flowers are tied with silk, satin made colorful ribbons.

 "S"-Shaped Flower Arrangement
the flowers are artistically arranged in the form of alphabet 'S' which gives shape

to extraordinary flower bouquets and baskets.

is usually big in size and can be wonderfully presented for any special occasion or

celebration.

the flowers are here placed in flower stands and appear upright and make use of

leaves and floral fillers for the amazing arrangement.

 Oval - Shaped Flower Arrangement
The brightest and tallest flowers are in the center of this flower arrangement,

which is in the shape of an oval.

Flowers, green stems, and leaves are cut and trimmed into an oval shape that is

stylishly displayed in a bouquet, flower basket, and bunches.

 Cascade Flower Arrangement
a waterfall-like overflow of blooms and greenery anchored in a handheld

foundation.

Cascade bouquets have the appearance of a miniature floral train.

 Ikebana
is the Japanese art of flower arrangement which means "arranging flowers" or

"making flowers alive"

the use of a wide array of materials including beautiful blooming flowers,

branches, stems, leaves, and mosses that are arranged in visually appealing ways
Principles
in Flower
Arrangement
 R
Rhhy
ytth
hmm Emphasis
he
btained through t
can be o
s,
h u e s , s h apes, line
of
repetition can be achie
ve through th
. e use
tion
and direc of dominant
color, size, s
he hape or
ved through t
h is c a n be achie texture of fl
T owers, throu
ture gh using
s iz e , w eight, tex
change in larger forms
of vibrant c
s. olors
o lo r o f t he flower
and c

Focal Point

is compo
se d of som
e massiv
e
material
such as la
rge flow
ers,
bright co
lors that
will attra
ct
people
 Conttr
raas
stt
Con Design
p la c in g opposing
d by
is achieve
e
t h e r t o a ccentuat
toge
elements decides the
h u s, stimula
tes structural
re n c e , t
their diffe
pattern of t
contrast. he floral

arrangemen
t

Proportion

the size
of each
element
such as
the cont
ainer, ba
se, plant
and
materials
should b
e in plea
sing
and harm
onious a
ppearan
ce.
 Balance Symmetrical Balance
It empha The two sides of the floral
size s on the
use of
arrangement have equal amount
material
s in a flo
ral of materials placed on either
arrangem
ent whic
h gives side of the floral arrangement.
stability
to the ar
rangeme
nt.

Asymmetrical Balance
The two sides of the floral
arrangement are not equal but
still have equal visual weight.
Guidelines
of Flower
Arrangement
 General Guidelines for Flower Arranging

A flower arrangement should be about 1 ½ to 2 times the height or length of the

container. The horizontal arrangement is an exception to this rule.
Use no more than two or three kinds of flowers.
Use no more than three colors.
Use an uneven number of flowers when the total to be used is less than twelve.
Large flowers and dark colors should be used toward the bottom and center of the
arrangement.

Small flowers should be used toward the top and edge of the arrangement.
General Guidelines for Flower Arranging

A flower arrangement should be about1 ½ to 2 times the height or length of the

container. The horizontal arrangement is an exception to this rule.
Use no more than two or three kinds of flowers.

Use no more than three colors.

Use an uneven number of flowers when the total to be used is less than twelve.
Large flowers and dark colors should be used toward the bottom and center of the
arrangement.

Small flowers should be used toward the top and edge of the arrangement.
Tips to Prevent
Flowers
From Wilting
 Tips to Prevent Flowers from Wilting
Clean the vase with warm, soapy water and allow it to air dry. Mix together 1 part household bleach with 9

parts of water and soak the vase in it for 10 minutes. Remove the vase and allow it to air dry.

Cut the flowers between 7 and 8 a.m. and place them in a pitcher of tepid water immediately. Flowers have

the most water in their stems early in the morning and will be freshest at this time.

Pull the leaves from the lower portion of the stems. If you're working with flowers that ooze milky sap when cut,

submerge the bottom 2 inches of their stems in boiling water for 10 seconds, and return them to the pitcher of

warm water.

Put the jar of fresh flowers indoors in an area with a temperature of about 65 degrees Fahrenheit

for one to two hours.

 Tips to Prevent Flowers from Wilting
Fill the vase one-third to one-half full of warm water, add the floral preservative crystals and stir

to mix them in.

Remove the fresh flowers from the jar, one at a time, and hold the bottoms of their stems under

warm running water. While underwater, cut 1 inch from the stems at a 45-degree angle using

garden shears.

Arrange the flowers in the vase right after cutting and display them in an area that has a

temperature of 65 to 70 F.
Materials Needed
in Flower
Arrangement
 Following are major Equipment and material
required for flower arrangement:
1. MECHANICS
Floral foam- green foam and brown/grey foam.
Pin-holders- to hold thick and heavy stems securely by impaling them on the pins.
Chicken wire- used to cover floral foam blocks in large displays.
Prong is the simplest type of floral foam anchor. It is a small plastic disc with four vertical prongs. The base of the prong is
attached to the container with adhesive clay and the floral foam is pressed down onto the prongs.

Florist’s cone- It acts like a miniature vase. It is used in large arrangements, where foliage or flowers need to be placed
above their stem height.
 Following are major Equipment and material
required for flower arrangement:
2. EQUIPMENT
bucket
scissors
knife
watering can
wire cutter
cocktail sticks, turn
floral tape
Mister- hand-held spray bottle to produce a fine mist of water droplets to keep an arrangement look fresh in warm
weather.

Secateurs- are used to cut through thick and woody stems.

Cocktail sticks-used to make holes in florists’ foam for a soft stem of a flower.
Cut-flower preservatives- a bactericide to prevent slime and smell from developing
in the vase water, plus sugar to prolong the life of fresh flowers.
 Following are major Equipment and material required
for flower arrangement:
3. CONTAINERS
The container must be waterproof and neutral colors such as soft grey, dull brown, off-white, or earth colors are most

suitable

BASES
An object that is placed underneath the container to protect the surface of the support and/or to add to the beauty of

the display is called a base.

Example: table mat, tree section, wood base, stone base, and oriental base
 Following are major Equipment and material required for
flower arrangement:

SUPPORT
This refers to the structure on which the container stands.

Example – tables, sideboards, alcoves, and shelves.

 Following are major Equipment and material required for
flower arrangement:
4. PLANT MATERIALS
These can be divided into 3 basic types

a) Flowers – This consists of bold flowers or clusters of small showy blooms. The dominant material provides a centre of
interest. Example – Gerbera, Chrysanthemum, lilies, Anthurium, Tulips, Poppies, Roses, Dahlias, and Daffodils.
 Following are major Equipment and material required for
flower arrangement:

b) Fillers (secondary material) – This consists of smaller flowers and all sorts of leaves and foliage that are used to
cover the mechanics and edges of the container a

Example –Asters, Ivy, Button Chrysanthemum, Carnations, Gypsophila (Baby’s breath), Limonium and
Marguerites.
 Following are major Equipment and material required for
flower arrangement:
c) Foliages ( line material ) – This consists of tall stems, flowering spikes, or bold leaves that are used to create the
basic framework or skeleton.

Examples – Gladioli, birds of paradise, goldenrods, larkspur, asparagus ferns, palms, tuberoses, and
Peruvian lilies.
Skills in Flower
Arrangement
 Skills in Flower Arrangement

1st Step:
Gather your materials in the first phase.

2nd Step:
Clean up the stems by removing any excess leaves.

3rd Step:
Cut the flowers to size after measuring them against
yourvase of choice.

4th Step:
Half-fill your vase with water.
 Skills in Flower Arrangement

5th Step:
Fill the vase with plant food. It should dissolve on its
own, but if it doesn't, stir it.

6th Step:
Start by criss-crossing your foliage to create a base.
Forming this lattice pattern will create a sturdy base
for your other flowers.

7th Step:
Place your focal flowers in the middle, making sure they are evenly
distributed.
 Skills in Flower Arrangement

8th Step:
Add in any of your secondary flowers.

9th Step:
Rearrange or fill in as needed
The Importance
of Flower
Arrangement
THE IMPORTANCE OF FLOWER ARRANGEMENT

MOOD BOOSTERS

TRANSFORMS A SPACE

MEDITATIVE PRACTICE

IMPROVES MANUAL DEXTERITY

PROMOTES SOCIALIZATION

FOSTERS INCLUSIVITY

REDUCES STRESS AND ANXIETY

Tips to Improve
Flower
Arrangement
 TIPS TO IMPROVE
FLOWER ARRANGEMENT

ALWAYS TRIM FLOWERS AT AN ANGLE.

REMOVE ANY FOLIAGE THAT WILL BE BELOW WATER LEVEL

USE A CLEAN VASE

REFRESH THE WATER DAILY.

GIVE YOUR ARRANGEMENT SOME FLOWER FOOD.

USE FRESH, LOCAL, AND SEASONAL FLOWERS

INCORPORATE UNEXPECTED ELEMENTS

 TIPS TO IMPROVE
FLOWER ARRANGEMENT

CREATE A TAPE GRID OR USE CHICKEN WIRE

BE STRATEGIC AS YOU LAYER ELEMENTS

 Sources:
EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL REQUIRED FOR FLOWER ARRANGEMENT
https://hmhub.me/equipment-material-required-flower
arrangement/#:~:text=This%20includes%20tools%20used%20to,cut%20flower%20preservatives%2C%20and%20secateu
rs.

HOW TO KEEP FRESH FLOWERS FROM WILTING

https://homeguides.sfgate.com/keep-fresh-flowers-wilting-61814.html

7 DIFFERENT TYPES OF FLOWER ARRANGEMENTS FOR VARIOUS OCCASIONS

https://www.bookmyflowers.com/blog/7-different-types-of-flower-arrangements-for-various-
occasions/#:~:text=It%20makes%20use%20of%20the,extraordinary%20flower%20bouquets%20and%20baskets.

9 TYPES OF MOST POPULAR AND CLASSIC FLOWER ARRANGEMENT STYLES

https://www.cityflowers.co.in/blogs/news/9-types-popular-classic-flower-arrangement-styles?
fbclid=IwAR1KDFzmfWWKUYyXU0ce2hQ74l7OLNIV_-NzjZxcw43Sx5_WMVH8_2JSEew

TYPES OF FLOWER ARRANGEMENT

https://www.dgreetings.com/fragrance-flowers/type-of-flower-arrangement.html

DIFFERENT FLOWER ARRANGEMENT PATTERNS

https://epicworkshops.com.sg/different-flower-arrangement-patterns/

FLOWER ARRANGEMENTS
https://www.pickupflowers.com/flower-guide/flower-arrangements?fbclid=IwAR1zPlT2l-
HbeMIEo5kOtGDZkCHwP6puxmPfO9K36Vyfy6yg8G4D5jGWl-k

9 FLOWER ARRANGING TIPS FROM A FLORAL DESIGNER PRO

https://jojotastic.com/2019/01/31/flower-arranging-tips/