Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Glossary of Legal Terms
Glossary of Legal Terms
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
VITS
LanguageLink
3
Contents Languages colour coding
Preface _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3
ARABIC
Witness’ Oath _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5
BOSNIAN
Witness’ Affirmation _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6
CHINESE
Index of Terms _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7
CROATIAN
Specific Sections:
SOMALI
Most Common Explosives _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _227
SPANISH
Most Common Firearms _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _229
Most Common Tools used for Breaking and Entering _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _236 VIETNAMESE
4
WITNESS’ OATH “I swear by Almighty God that the evidence I shall give in this case shall be the truth,
the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.”
ZAKLETVA SVJEDOKA “Kunem se Svemoguçim Bogom da çe iskaz koji çu dati u ovom sluãaju biti istina, cijela
istina i ni‰ta osim istine.”
––– –––
ZAKLETVA SVJEDOKA “Kunem se Svemoguçim Bogom da je iskaz koji dajem u ovom sluãaju, istina, potpuna
istina i ni‰ta drugo nego istina.”
OPúO™ MAPπ∫PøN “OÚΛ˙ÔÌ·È ÛÙÔ fiÓÔÌ· ÙÔ˘ ·ÓÙÔ‰‡Ó·ÌÔ˘ £ÂÔ‡ fiÙÈ Ë Ì·ÚÙ˘Ú›· Ô˘ ı· ‰ÒÛˆ ÛÙËÓ
˘fiıÂÛË ·˘Ù‹ ı· Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ï‹ıÂÈ·, fiÏË Ë ·Ï‹ıÂÈ· Î·È Ù›ÔÙ ¿ÏÏÔ ·Ú¿ Ë ·Ï‹ıÂÈ·.”
GIURAMENTO DEL TESTIMONE “Giuro davanti a Dio Onnipotente che la testimonianza che darò in questo
procedimento sarà la verità, tutta la verità, e nient’altro che la verità.”
PFRKTNDF YF CDTLJRJN `Ct rjkyfv dj C†dbiybjn <ju ltrf vjtnj cdtljxt¥t dj jdff celcrf hfcghfdf √t
,blt dbcnbyf> cfvj dbcnbyf b ybinj lheuj jcdty dbcnbyf.$
èêàëüÉÄ ëÇàÑÖíÖãü «äÎflÌÛÒ¸ ÇÒÂÏÓ„Û˘ËÏ ÅÓ„ÓÏ, ˜ÚÓ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÌËfl, ÍÓÚÓ˚ fl ‰‡˛ ÔÓ ˝ÚÓÏÛ ‰ÂÎÛ,
fl‚Îfl˛ÚÒfl Ô‡‚‰ÓÈ, ˜ËÒÚÓÈ Ô‡‚‰ÓÈ Ë Ì˘ÂÏ, ÍÓÏ ԇ‚‰˚»
áÄäãÖíÇÄ ëÇÖÑéäÄ “á‡ÍÎËøÂÏ Ò ҂‚˯øËÏ ÅÓ„ÓÏ ‰‡ àËÒ͇Á ÍÓ¿Ë ÃÛ ‰‡ÚË ·ËÚË ËÒÚË̇, ˆÂ· ËÒÚË̇
Ë Ì˯ڇ ÓÒËÏ ËÒÚËÌÂ.”
DHAARTA MARKHAATIGA “Waxaan ugu dhaartay illaaha weyn in cadaynta aan bixin doono ahaan doonto runta,
runtii oo dhan, wax kale aanay ahayn runtii mooyaane.”
JURAMENTO DEL TESTIGO “Juro por Dios Todopoderoso que el testimonio que prestaré en esta causa será la
verdad, toda la verdad, y nada más que la verdad.”
TANIK YEM¥N¥ “Bu davada verece©im ifadenin do©ru, tamamen do©ru ve do©rudan baßka bir ßey
olmayaca©ına Tanrı huzurunda yemin ederim.”
LÔØI TUYEÂN THEÄ CUÛA NHAÂN "Toâi xin theà tröôùc ñaáng Thöôïng Ñeá Toaøn Naêng raèng baèng chöùng toâi ñöa ra trong vuï
CHÖÙNG naøy seõ laø söï thaät, hoaøn toaøn laø söï thaät, vaø khoâng coù ñieàu gì khaùc ngoaøi söï thaät."
5
WITNESS’ AFFIRMATION (Used where the witness objects to taking the Oath because he/she does not have any religious
belief or because his/her religious beliefs do not permit him/her to take the Oath.)
“I, (name), do solemnly, sincerely, and truly declare and affirm that the evidence I shall
give in this case shall be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.”
IZJAVA SVJEDOKA “Ja (ime), sveãano, iskreno i istinski izjavljujem i potvr∂ujem da çe iskaz koji çu dati u
ovom sluãaju biti istina, cijela istina i ni‰ta osim istine.”
––– –––
IZJAVA SVJEDOKA “Ja, (ime i prezime) iskreno i istinito, izjavljujem da je iskaz koji dajem u ovom sluãaju,
istina, potpuna istina i ni‰ta drugo nego istina.”
∫¶E∫£∫NH ¢H§ø™H “EÁÒ, (Ô/Ë...), ‰ËÏÒÓˆ Î·È ‚‚·ÈÒÓˆ ›ÛËÌ·, Ì ÂÈÏÈÎÚ›ÓÂÈ· Î·È Ì ·Ï‹ıÂÈ· fiÙÈ Ë
MAPπ∫PøN Ì·ÚÙ˘Ú›· Ô˘ ı· ‰ÒÛˆ ÛÙËÓ ˘fiıÂÛË ·˘Ù‹ ı· Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ï‹ıÂÈ·, fiÏË Ë ·Ï‹ıÂÈ· Î·È Ù›ÔÙÂ
¿ÏÏÔ ·Ú¿ Ë ·Ï‹ıÂÈ·.”
DICHIARAZIONE SOLENNE “Io, (nome e cognome), dichiaro e affermo in verità, solennità e sincerità che la
DEL TESTIMONE testimonianza che darò in questo procedimento sarà la verità, tutta la verità, e
nient’altro che la verità.”
BPÅFDF GJL PFRKTNDF `Åfc !bvt b ghtpbvt@> cdtxtyj> bcrhtyj b dthjljcnjåyj bpåfdedfv ltrf vjtnj
cdtljxt¥t dj jdff celcrf hfcghfdf √t ,blt dbcnbyf> cfvj dbcnbyf b ybinj lheuj
jcdty dbcnbyf.$
íéêÜÖëíÇÖççéÖ «ü, (ËÏfl), ÚÓÊÂÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ, ËÒÍÂÌÌÓ Ë Ô‡‚‰Ë‚Ó Á‡fl‚Îfl˛ Ë ÛÚ‚Âʉ‡˛, ˜ÚÓ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÌËfl,
áÄüÇãÖçàÖ ëÇàÑÖíÖãü ÍÓÚÓ˚ fl ‰‡˛ ÔÓ ˝ÚÓÏÛ ‰ÂÎÛ, fl‚Îfl˛ÚÒfl Ô‡‚‰ÓÈ,˜ËÒÚÓÈ Ô‡‚‰ÓÈ Ë Ì˘ÂÏ,ÍÓÏ ԇ‚‰˚»
àá∑ÄÇÄ ëÇÖÑéäÄ “∑‡, (ËÏÂ Ë ÔÂÁËÏÂ) ËÒÍÂÌÓ Ë ËÒÚËÌËÚÓ ËÁ¿‡‚ΩÛ¿ÂÏ ‰‡ àËÒ͇Á ÍÓ¿Ë ÃÛ ‰‡ÚË Û Ó‚ÓÏ
ÒÎÛ˜‡¿Û ·ËÚË ËÒÚË̇, ˆÂ· ËÒÚË̇ Ë Ì˯ڇ ÓÒËÏ ËÒÚËÌÂ.”
DHAARTA MARKHAATIGA OO “Anigoo magacayga la yiraahdo (magaca) waxaan si dhab ah, daacadnimo ah, u
AAN MAGACA ALLE LAGU rumaynayaa/ta’kiidinayaa in cadaynta aan ku bixin doono dacwadaan tahay run, runtii
DHAARANAYN oo dhan, wax kale aanay ahayn runtii mooyaane.”
PROMESA SOLEMNE DEL “Yo, (nombre y apellido), prometo solemnemente que el testimonio que prestaré en
TESTIGO esta causa será la verdad, toda la verdad, y nada más que la verdad.”
TANIK BEYANI “Ben, (isim), bu davada verece©im ifadenin do©ru, tamamen do©ru ve do©rudan baßka bir
ßey olmayaca©ını samimi olarak beyan ederim.”
LÔØI XAÙC NHAÄN CUÛA NHAÂN "Toâi (teân, hoï) xin traân troïng, thaønh thaät vaø trung thöïc tuyeân theä vaø xaùc nhaän raèng baèng
CHÖÙNG chöùng toâi ñöa ra trong vuï naøy seõ laø söï thaät, hoaøn toaøn laø söï thaät vaø khoâng coù ñieàu gì
khaùc ngoaøi söï thaät."
6 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Index of terms
7
A ABSCOND ACCESSORY ACCOMPLICE
To go away and evade the jurisdiction Not present at the actual crime, but A person who did not personally
of the Court. responsible in some way for it. commit the offence, but assisted the
Before the fact: Any person who offender by acting in concert,
helped in any way for another to counselling or procuring or aiding and
commit a crime. abetting the principal offender.
8 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ACCUSATION ACCUSED ACQUIT
A
1. A verbal or written statement by one A person whom the State has charged To find an accused “not guilty” after
person that another person has with having committed a crime. trial; to discharge that person.
committed a crime.
2. The crime with which a person has
been charged.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 9
A ACQUITTAL ACT ACTION
To discharge from prosecution after a A law made by Parliament. A term used to describe most types of
finding of not guilty. civil law proceedings.
éÒÎÓ·‡¨‡ø Ӊ Í˂ˈÂ,
ÓÒÎÓ·‡¨‡¿ÛÇ ÔÂÒÛ‰‡ á‡ÍÓÌ íÛÊ·‡
10 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ADDUCED EVIDENCE ADJOURN ADJUDICATION
A
Evidence brought forward in argument. To postpone a court hearing to a future To decide in a judicial manner to listen
specified day or a date to be fixed in to the evidence, determine the facts
the future (“sine die”). and apply the appropriate law, and to
hand down a decision.
¶ÚÔ‚·ÏÏfiÌÂÓÔÈ ÏfiÁÔÈ,
ÚÔ‚·ÏÏfiÌÂÓ˜ ·Ô‰Â›ÍÂȘ ÅÓ·‚¿Ïψ áΉ›Î·ÛË, ÂȉÈηÛÙÈ΋ ·fiÊ·ÛË
è‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌÌÓ ‰Ó͇Á‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó,
ÔËÓ·˘ÂÌÌÓÂ Í ‰ÂÎÛ ‰Ó͇Á‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó éÚÍ·‰˚‚‡Ú¸ Ç˚ÌÂÒÂÌË ¯ÂÌËfl
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 11
A ADMISSIBLE EVIDENCE ADULT PAROLE BOARD ADVERSARY SYSTEM
Information which a court will permit to The body which decides on parole. The legal process in which the
enter the hearing to determine a fact or contesting parties present evidence in
issue. support of their claims to an
independent judge for decision, and
any penalty/remedy.
Cbcntv yf cjckeiedf¥t yf
Ghbafnkbd ljrfpty vfnthbåfk Cjdtn pf eckjdyj jckj,jledf¥t cghjnbcnfdtyb cnhfyb
äÓÏËÒÒËfl ÔÓ ÛÒÎÓ‚ÌÓ-‰ÓÒÓ˜ÌÓÏÛ
ÑÓÔÛÒ͇ÂÏ˚ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÌËfl, ÓÒ‚Ó·ÓʉÂÌ˲ ‚ÁÓÒÎ˚ı
‰Ó͇Á‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚‡ ëËÒÚÂχ ÒÓÒÚflÁ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ‚ ÒÛ‰Â
Á‡Íβ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı
äÓÏËÒË¿‡ Á‡ ÛÒÎÓ‚ÌÓ ÔÛ¯Ú‡ø 燘ÂÎÓ Ó·ÓÒÚ‡ÌÓ„ Ò‡ÒÎÛ¯‡ø‡
èËı‚‡ÚΩË‚ ‰Ó͇Á, ÓÒÌÓ‚‡Ì ‰Ó͇Á Ó‰‡ÒÎËı ÓÒÓ·‡ ̇ ÒÎÓ·Ó‰Û Òڇ̇
Hab sharciyeed oo qaybaha is hayaa
Guddiga go’aanka ka gaara xabsi ku qadimaan dacwadooda si xaakim
Caddayn la aqbali karo qaadashada banaanka go’aan uga gaaro
Junta de libertad condicional para Sistema procesal basado en la
Prueba(s) admisible(s) adultos contradicción de las partes
12 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
AFFIDAVIT AFFILIATION PROCEEDINGS REGARDING MAINTENANCE
A
A written document sworn on Oath or A Magistrate’s order which requires the person it believes to be the father of a child to
affirmed before a person with authority pay maintenance to the mother for the support of the child until he or she reaches the
to administer the Oath or Affirmation. age of 16.
The person in whose name the
document is sworn or affirmed is called
the deponent.
`EÁÁÚ·ÊË Ì·ÚÙ˘ÚÈ΋ ηٿıÂÛË ¢ÈηÛÙÈ΋ ‰È·‰Èηۛ· ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ˘ ·ÙÚfiÙËÙ·˜ ÁÈ· ÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ‰È·ÙÚÔÊ‹˜
èËÒÏÂ̇ ËÁ¿‡‚‡ ÔÓ‰ Á‡ÍÎÂÚ‚ÓÏ ëÛ‰ÒÍË ÔÓÒÚÛÔ‡Í Á‡ ÛÚ‚¨Ë‚‡ø ӘËÌÒÚ‚‡ ‡‰Ë ËÁ‰Ê‡‚‡ø‡
Tôø khai höõu theä Thuû tuïc xaùc ñònh phuï heä ñeå caáp döôõng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 13
A AFFIRM AFORETHOUGHT ALIAS
14 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ALIBI ALLEGATION AMENDMENT
A
A defence where an accused alleges A verbal or written statement regarding (Amending Act) An Act of Parliament
that at the time when the offence was an event or events. Generally refers to altering or changing (amending)
committed, he was elsewhere. the substance of the charge laid against another Act.
an individual or corporation.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 15
A ANCILLARY RELIEF ANNUL ANTECEDENT REPORT
Subsidiary; supplementary or extra, eg. To put an end to, cancel, render void Formal police document for recording
ancillary relief in family law relates to in law. the history, method of committing the
custody, maintenance, access and crime, associates and places
property between the parties as frequented by people charged with
opposed to “principal relief”. offences.
Kabid; ku darid ama siyaado iwm. Nasakhid/burin Warbixinta dhacdada ugu horaysa
16 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
APPEAL APPELLANT APPLICANT
A
A formal request by a person A person who appeals against a court’s A person who applies to a court or
dissatisfied with a court’s decision, to a decision. tribunal for an order, decision or
higher court to review the original finding.
decision or rehear the case; the actual
hearing of the appeal.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 17
A APPREHENSION APPROPRIATION ARBITRAL DECISION
The act of arresting or having a fear. Making a thing the property of a An award made by an arbitrator after
person. hearing both sides of a case. The
decision is binding, usually in building
cases.
18 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ARRAIGN ATTACHMENT OF EARNINGS ATTEMPTING A CRIME
A
To call a defendant, read the charges An order by a court requiring a Doing an act with intent to commit a
(presentment) and ask them to plead defendant’s employer to pay an crime and forming part of a series of
(i.e., guilty or not guilty). amount of the defendant’s wages acts which would constitute its actual
regularly to the complainant in commission if it were not interrupted.
repayment of a debt owed by the
defendant to the complainant.
Suçu kabul edip etmedi©ini sormak Gelirin haciz edilmesi Suça teßebbüs
Ñoïc caùo traïng AÙn leänh trích tieàn löông Möu toan phaïm phaùp
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 19
A ATTESTATION CLAUSE AUTOPSY AWARD
A statement in a deed or will that it has A medical examination performed on a The finding or decision of an arbitrator.
been signed in front of witnesses. deceased person to determine the
cause of death.
á‡ÔËÒ¸ Ó Á‡Ò‚ˉÂÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó‚‡ÌËË
ÓÙÓÏÎÂÌËfl ‰ÓÍÛÏÂÌÚ‡ ÇÒÍ˚ÚË ÚÛÔ‡ Ç˚ÌÂÒÂÌË ¯ÂÌËfl, ÔËÒÛʉÂÌËÂ
Ñieàu khoaûn xaùc nhaän Khaùm nghieäm töû thi (Toøa) Chaáp thuaän
20 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
BAIL BAILEE BAILIFF
B
The release by police or a court of a A person to whom the possession of An officer of the County Court who
person held in custody awaiting a court goods is entrusted by the owner but serves summonses or other documents
hearing. The person is released on not with the intention of transferring and executes judgments.
condition that he/she appears at a the ownership.
specified time and place for a hearing
of the charge against him/her, with or
without payment of sureties. As from 1
September 1990, Bail Justices may also
release on bail persons charged with
most offences, in certain circumstances.
Wakiil alaab lagu aaminay inuu hayo Qofka dadka waca si ay maxkamada
Damiin laguse wareejin lahaanshaheeda u yimaadaan
Taïi ngoaïi haàu tra Ngöôøi thuï thaùc Thöøa phaùt laïi
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 21
B BALANCE OF PROBABILITIES BAR
The standard of proof required in civil 1. The imaginary line which divides the bench and the seats where solicitors and
cases, i.e., it is more probable than not barristers take their place in a court from the rest of the courtroom.
that what the person says happened is 2. The entire membership of barristers’ hence to be a member of or to practise at the
true. (In criminal cases the standard is Bar is to be a barrister.
proof beyond reasonable doubt).
Åfi‰ÂÈÍË ‚¿ÛÂÈ Èı·ÓÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ (·ÛÙÈÎfi 1. ƤÚÔ˜ ‰ÈηÛÙËÚ›Ô˘, ‰È·¯ˆÚÈÛÌfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÎÚÔ·ÙËÚ›Ô˘ Û ·›ıÔ˘Û· ‰ÈηÛÙËÚ›Ô˘
‰›Î·ÈÔ) 2. ¢ÈÎËÁÔÚÈÎfi˜ Û‡ÏÏÔÁÔ˜, ÛÒÌ· ‰ÈÎËÁfiÚˆÓ ‰ÈηÛÙËÚ›Ô˘
(Valoración de la) verosimilitud 1. Lugar de la sala reservado para el tribunal y los abogados 2. Colegio de
relativa (de las alegaciones y pruebas) abogados litigantes (Am.)/procuradores de los tribunales (Es.)
22 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
BARRISTER BENCH BENEFICIARY
B
A lawyer (a member of the Bar) who The seat on which the judge or Usually used in wills. A person who
specialises in representing clients in magistrate used to sit in court. The receives benefit, i.e., money/property
court. A lawyer engaged by a solicitor term is now used to describe the from a person’s will.
to advise him/her or to represent collective profession of judges and
his/her client in court. In courts higher magistrates.
than a Magistrates’ Court, a barrister
usually wears a wig and gown.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 23
B BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT (IN CRIME) BIAS
The Crown (Prosecution) must prove its case against the defendant beyond reasonable Prejudice, to reach a decision on the
doubt. The case must carry a high degree of probability. If there is a reasonable basis of pre-conceived ideas before
argument open on the evidence which would raise a doubt about a person’s guilt then listening to both sides’ evidence.
the jury would return a finding of not guilty.
Khoâng coøn nghi ngôø ôû möùc ñoä hôïp lyù (hình söï) Thieân vò
24 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
BIGAMY BILL BONA FIDE
B
To re-marry whilst a person is still A legislative proposal which becomes In good faith; honestly.
legally married and not divorced or law and is called an Act once passed by
widowed. both Houses of parliament.
¥ki kißi ile aynı anda evli olma Yasa tasarısı ¥yi niyetle
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 25
B BOND (TENANCY) BOND BOOZE BUS
A bond is a guarantee (money is A formal acknowledgement, made by a A mobile station with personnel and
usually paid) to a landlord by a tenant person to a Court, which binds that equipment specific to the testing of
which ensures that the tenant will not person in refraining from actions or drivers to determine whether they are
damage the landlord’s rental property activities for the period of the bond under the influence of alcohol.
while in occupancy. (known as recognizance of good
behaviour). It may require the
performance of actions or activities.
Tieàn theá chaân (thueâ nhaø) Cam keát Traïm thöû röôïu löu ñoäng
26 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
BREACH BREACH OF THE PEACE BREATHALYSER
B
The breaking of a legal duty. Similar to There is a breach of the peace Instrument used to analyse a sample of
“Breach of Peace”. whenever harm is actually done or breath in order to determine a person’s
likely to be done to a person or, in his blood alcohol content.
presence, his property, or a person is in
fear of being harmed through an
assault, affray or riot.
Bycnhevtyn pf ledf¥t pf lf ct
Ghfdty ghtrhijr Yfheiedf¥t yf åfdybjn vbh
jlhtlb rjkbxbyf yf fkrj[jk dj rhdnf
Vi phaïm Phaù roái traät töï coâng coäng Maùy ño ñoä röôïu
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 27
B BRIEF BURDEN OF PROOF BY-LAWS
This refers to the prepared combination The responsibility or onus of proving a Laws made by local government.
of statements, charge sheets, records fact.
of interview etc., which ultimately form
the basis of evidence to be presented
at court by either party.
Hoà sô chöùng cöù Traùch nhieäm daãn chöùng Luaät ñòa phöông
28 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CAUTION CAUTION CARD CHALLENGE
C
Words used to formally advise criminal The card used by police to give The accused has the right to object to
suspects of their civil right to speak or caution. a person being a juror in a civil or
remain silent. criminal proceeding. He is entitled to
challenge 8 potential jurors before
having to show cause.
Tutuklanan kißinin hakları Tutuklanan kißinin haklarını içeren kart Tanık veya jüri üyelerini reddetme hakkı
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 29
C CHARGE CHILDREN’S COURT
1. The formal accusation that a person has committed a crime. A special Magistrates’ Court, the Children’s Court hears criminal
2. An explanation of the law by a judge to a jury after the jury offences committed by young people under the age of 17. It
has heard the evidence and before it has decided which does not hear homicide cases (murder, manslaughter and
evidence to accept. attempted murder). These cases are heard in the Supreme
Court. (NB) The Children’s Court has the power to hear
attempted murder cases, but usually refrains because of the
seriousness of the case. It also hears proceedings for
wardship, guardianship etc., concerning the welfare of the child
in its upbringing.
1. Cargo, acusación 2. Instrucciones del juez al jurado Juzgado de menores, tribunal de menores
30 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CIRCUMSTANCES (AGGRAVATING/MITIGATING/EXTENUATING) CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE
C
Aggravating – acts which increase the severity of an offence. Evidence which is not the direct
Mitigating – acts which lessen the severity of an offence. testimony of a person who witnessed
an event, but which is relevant and
Extenuating – acts which seek to explain or justify the conduct of an offender.
enables the event to be inferred from
the circumstances.
Hoaøn caûnh (laøm naëng hôn/laøm nheï/giaûm toäi) Baèng chöùng giaùn tieáp
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 31
C CITATION CIVIL LAW CLAIM
The reference to a reported case, gives Those laws which regulate the conduct The assertion of a right; an allegation.
the year, the volume of the law reports of individuals with each other by giving
and page number. individuals rights and responsibilities
which the law recognises and enforces.
If an individual’s rights are found by a
court to have been broken, that person
is entitled to some remedy from the
individual who breached the right. In
this way, the law provides relief, not
punishment.
Citazione Rivendicazione
Riferimento giurisprudenziale Diritto civile Asserzione
Yfdtledf¥t yf ghtn[jlty ckexfå pf
rjå bvf gjlfnjwb dj celcrbnt pfgbcb Uhfüfycrj ghfdj <fhf¥t> ghfdj yf...
1. Demanda, reclamación,
Cita jurisprudencial Derecho civil reinvindicación 2. Alegato, afirmación
Eski bir karara atıfta bulunma Medeni hukuk Hak talep etme
32 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CLASSIFICATION COMMITTEE CLERK OF COURTS
C
A committee within each prison that is responsible for making Clerks of Court are officers of the Court. For a Clerk of Courts
decisions about security rating and placement of prisoners to be appointed a Magistrate, he/she must first become a
within the prison system. qualified Barrister or Solicitor. The officer in charge of a
Magistrates’ Court or Children’s Court is (since 1 September
1990), referred to as the Registrar of the Magistrates’ Court.
Other officers may be appointed Deputy Registrars of the
Court.
Shaqaalaha Maxkamada
Guddiga kala-qorsheeya maxaabiista xabsiga Karaaniyada maxkamaddu waa saraakiisha maxkamadda
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 33
C COLLATOR COLLATOR’S INQUIRY
A person receiving information from police members in the Inquiry by the collator in order to gather information with
street, in relation to crime trends, suspects or people in certain regard to crime trends, suspects, etc.
locations. This information is processed by the collator and is
made available to all members of the police force.
Onaj koji prikuplja i uspore∂uje informacije Istraga osobe koja prikuplja i uspore∂uje informacije
Funzionario che collaziona le informazioni all’interno della Inchiesta da parte del funzionario che collaziona le
polizia informazioni
Bcnhfuf pf lf ct endhlfn gjlfnjwb pf rhbdbxyj ltkj b
Cgjhtledfx cjvybntkyb kbwf
éÒÓ·‡ ÍÓ¿‡ ÛÔÓ¨ۿ ÔÂÔËÒ ҇ ÓË„Ë̇ÎÓÏ àÒÚ‡„‡ ÓÒÓ·Â ÍÓ¿‡ ÛÔÓ¨ۿ ÔÂÔËÒ ҇ ÓË„Ë̇ÎÓÏ
34 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
COLLUSION COMMITTAL PROCEEDINGS
C
Arrangement by two people to do some act to injure another Where a Magistrates’ Court hears evidence on an indictable
person or deceive a court. charge and decides whether the accused should be sent for
trial (also called a preliminary examination).
Collusione Istruttoria
Accordo fraudolento Procedimento preliminare
Ljujdjh vtüe ldt kbwf lf ct yfintnb yf nhtnj bkb lf ct
bpvfvb celjn Gjxtnyf celcrf hfcghfdf
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 35
C COMMON LAW (CASE LAW) COMMUNITY BASED ORDER
The system of law originating in England as distinct from the An order made by a court pursuant to the Penalties And
civil or Roman law and the canon or ecclesiastical law. The law Sentences Act 1985 whereby a person is released subject to
developed by the courts when deciding disputes between the supervision of the Office of Corrections. The order allows
people. It is not written down in a code, but is handed from flexibility in the type of service which may be asked of a
generation to generation through the record of judges’ convicted person. A court may avail itself of any of these
decisions on particular cases. After white settlement of options when sentencing.
Australia, this law became part of the Australian law and 1. Supervision.
developed its character within the framework of Australia’s own
2. Educational programmes.
legal system.
3. Community based work.
Obiãajno pravo (temelji se na pojedinaãnim sluãajevima) Sudski nalog za izdrÏavanje kazne u zajednici
鷢 ԇ‚Ó (Ô‡‚Ó ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌÌÓ ̇ Ôˆ‰ÂÌÚ‡ı) èË͇Á, Ô‰ÛÒχÚË‚‡˛˘ËÈ ‡·ÓÚÛ Ì‡ ·Î‡„Ó Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚‡
é·Ë˜‡¿ÌÓ Ô‡‚Ó (è‡‚Ó ÒÛ‰ÒÍËı Ôˆ‰Â̇ڇ) ê¯ÂøÂ Ó ·ÂÒÔ·ÚÌÓÏ ‰Û¯Ú‚ÂÌÓÏ ‡‰Û (Û ÓÔ¯ÚËÌË)
Thoâng luaät (Luaät aùn leä) AÙn leänh laøm coâng taùc coäng ñoàng
36 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
COMPETENCE AND COMPELLABILITY COMPLAINANT
C
All persons are, as a general rule, competent as witnesses and may be compelled A person who brings a claim against
to give evidence and their attendance at court may be enforced by witness another in the Magistrates’ court.
summonses or subpoenas. An accused, however, cannot be compelled to give
evidence against himself, and husbands and wives are not compelled to give evidence
against each other.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 37
C CONCILIATION CONCURRENT CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Process where two parties in dispute More than one criminal charge against 2 or more accused heard in the court.
go to a third party to decide the matter.
The decision is not binding.
åËÂøÂ, ÔÓÏËÂø ëÛ‰ÒÍË ÔÓÒÚÛÔ‡Í Û ÍÓ¿ÂÏ Ò ËÒÚÓ‚ÂÏÂÌÓ Ò‡ÒÎÛ¯‡‚‡ ‚˯ Í˂˘ÌËı ‰Â·
38 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CONCURRENT SENTENCES CONTACT ORDER
C
The sentences for each individual offence are served at the An order by the Family Court (including a Magistrate) which
same time in prison or on a community based order. enables a parent without custody of a child of the marriage to
see the child at specified times or times agreed by the parents.
Condanne concorrenti Ordine con cui si concede al genitore il diritto di visita ai figli
Laba xukun oo isku mar la qaadanayo Amarka la xiriirida ama arkida ilmaha ee waalidka
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 39
C CONTEMPT OF COURT CONTENTIOUS CONTINGENCY
The failure to obey a court order, or an Controversy, in a struggle with each That which awaits or depends on the
act which shows a disregard for the other. happening of an event.
authority of the court or judge. A
person held in contempt may face
imprisonment.
40 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CONTRACT CONVICTION CORONER
C
An agreement enforceable at law. An In a criminal matter, a person has been The Magistrate who conducts the
essential feature of a contract is an found guilty of a charge if he/she has coronial inquiry, or inquest, into the
exchange of promises between parties been convicted and that notation is a cause of a death. The Coroner may
to do or forbid from doing certain conviction. commit a person for trial for causing a
specified acts. Generally, a contract death.
does not have to be in writing to be
enforceable. However, certain
contracts, eg., for the sale of land, must
be in writing to be enforceable.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 41
C CORONER’S COURT CORPUS DELICTI
A special Magistrates’ Court which investigates sudden, The facts that constitute a criminal offence. The wrongful acts
unexpected and/or violent death, eg., where there has been a that constitute the crime.
suspected murder, death in fires, plane crashes etc.,
conducting an inquest or inquiry into the cause of death to
determine whether any other person has contributed in some
way to the person’s death.
Toøa ñieàu tra nguyeân nhaân töû vong baát thöôøng Yeáu toá caáu toäi danh
42 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CORROBORATION COUNTERCLAIM
C
Independent evidence which supports the main evidence. This A cross-action made by a defendant who alleges that he/she
may be required when an affiliation order is sought (i.e., has a claim or is entitle to relief or remedy against the plaintiff,
corroborative evidence to indicate that the defendant is the father instead of being a separate action.
of the child), or when a decree of dissolution of marriage is
sought where the parties have continued to live under the same
roof. It is also required when a person under the age of 14 years
gives evidence to a Court in a criminal proceeding.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 43
C COUNTY COURT COURIER OF DRUGS (CRIME)
The County Court is an intermediate court. It has jurisdiction to A person either knowingly or unknowingly transports illegal
hear civil proceedings where the claim does not exceed drugs usually from one country to another.
$100,000 and all other claims – up to a limit of $50,000 e.g.,
damage of property, breach of contract, etc. It has jurisdiction
to hear and determine most indictable offences except:-
murder, attempted murder, treason, concealing treason and
offences specified to be tried only in the Supreme Court. It has
criminal jurisdiction to hear most indictable offences, with a
Judge sitting with a Jury of twelve. A single judge also has
jurisdiction to hear appeals from a Magistrates’ Court and the
Children’s Court.
44 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
COURT COVENANT (CIVIL)
C
1. The place where disputes between people are decided by An agreement usually used in land law eg. agree not to put up
applying the law. a dividing fence etc.
2. The person (judge or magistrate) or persons (more than one
judge; a judge and jury) who decide disputes between people
by:
(a) accepting or rejecting evidence;
(b) applying the law;
(c) deciding upon a penalty or remedy.
Cel Cgjujl,f
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 45
C CRIME REPORT CRIMINAL LAW
Report for police to use to record and distribute details of a Laws which regulate the conduct of individuals towards the
reported crime. whole of society, the breach of which will be investigated by
the State (the police). The alleged offender is prosecuted in a
court on behalf of the State and, if the court decides that the
law has been broken, the offender is liable to punishment.
46 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CROSS-EXAMINATION CROWN
C
When the prosecutor or the barrister for the accused asks The position or office of the sovereign (King or Queen) as
questions of a witness called to give evidence for the other distinct from the current occupant of that position. In Australia,
party. After the witness swears or affirms to tell the truth, he/she the Crown is represented by the Governor-General at the
is examined by the prosecutor or the barrister representing the Commonwealth level and by the Governor at the State level.
party who calls him/her to give evidence. The examination is
called examination-in-chief. He/she is then cross-examined by
the prosecutor or the barrister representing the other party in an
attempt to challenge the accuracy of his/her evidence. The first
prosecutor or the barrister may then re-examine the witness to
clarify any points raised during cross-examination.
Ka-kor-ka-wareeg Dawlada
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 47
C CROWN PROSECUTOR CUMULATIVE SENTENCES CUSTODY
A barrister who is engaged to The sentences served one after the Used generally to denote the right of
prosecute criminal cases on behalf of other in prison or on a community control or possession of a person or
the Crown. based order. thing: guardianship of a child or
imprisonment of a criminal. (NB)
Custody is not the same as
Guardianship.
èÓÍÛÓ ÔÓ Û„ÓÎÓ‚Ì˚Ï ‰ÂÎ‡Ï ëÓ‚ÓÍÛÔÌÓÒÚ¸ ÔË„Ó‚ÓÓ‚, ͇̇Á‡ÌËÈ ç‡‰ÁÓ, Óı‡Ì‡, ‚ÁflÚË ÔÓ‰ ÒÚ‡ÊÛ
Coâng toá vieân chính phuû AÙn toång hôïp Giaùm hoä
48 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
DAMAGES DE FACTO DECREE
D
1. The money claimed as relief from 1. In fact; in reality. For example, a An order of a court pronounced after
the cause of action litigated by a person marriage relationship not recognised or the hearing of a suit, usually referring
who alleges that he/she has suffered a established according to law. to a divorce.
loss as the result of the unlawful 2. A partner in such a marriage.
action(s) of another person.
2. The money awarded to a plaintiff or
complainant by a court to compensate
for the loss suffered as the result of the
unlawful action(s) of another person.
Indemnización por daños y perjuicios 1. De hecho 2. Pareja de hecho Sentencia, fallo, auto, declaración
Khoaûn boài thöôøng thieät haïi Vôï choàng khoâng hoân thuù Phaùn quyeát
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 49
D DECREE NISI AND ABSOLUTE DEED
A conditional order by the Family Court The order becomes final and parties A written document which is signed,
that the marriage of 2 parties is can marry after 1 month and 1 day. sealed and delivered.
dissolved.
¶ÚÔÛˆÚÈÓ‹ ·fiÊ·ÛË Â› ‰È·˙˘Á›Ô˘ πÂÏÂÛ›‰ÈÎË ·fiÊ·ÛË Â› ‰È·˙˘Á›Ô˘ ™˘Ì‚ÔÏ·ÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈ΋ Ú¿ÍË, Û˘Ì‚fiÏ·ÈÔ
Quyeát ñònh ly hoân taïm thôøi vaø vónh vieãn Chöùng thö
50 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
DEED POLL DEFAULT SUMMONS DEFENCE COUNSEL
D
A document which shows that a person A summons which alleges that the Also called defendant’s barrister,
has assumed a new name. debtor/defendant has failed to pay solicitor or legal representative. He/she
money due and owing for certain conducts the defendant’s case in court.
causes of action.
Chöùng töø ñoåi teân Leänh toøa yeâu caàu traû nôï Traïng sö beân bò
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 51
D DEFENDANT DEPONENT DEPORTATION
A person against whom an action, The person who swears or affirms an To expel someone from a country.
information or other civil proceeding is affidavit.
brought; also a person being charged
with an offence.
Is-difaacaha/dacwaysanaha
Qofka dacwadda loo haysto Qofka saxiixa afadayfitka Ka saarid ama ka dhoofin wadan
Bò caùo/Bò ñôn Ngöôøi laäp tôø khai höõu theä Truïc xuaát
52 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
DEPOSITION DETERRENCE DISCRETION
D
A statement on oath of a witness in a A factor taken into account by a Court A court’s right to exercise personal
judicial proceeding which is taken when sentencing an offender to judgment.
down in writing. discourage the repetition of similar acts
either by the offender or by others.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 53
D DISPOSITION DISQUALIFICATION OF A
PERSON TO DRIVE
DOCK
Bestowal by deed or will. Where a person does not have a The enclosure in court in which the
licence or their previous licence has accused is placed during his trial.
been cancelled, that person is
disqualified from driving for a period
of time.
54 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
DOMICILE DOUBLE JEOPARDY
D
The place where a person has his or Principle that a person cannot be tried for a crime for which they have already been
her legal home – therefore the place acquitted or convicted.
which determines the legal system
relevant to that person; usually the
place of permanent residence.
Prebivali‰te Naãelo neosu∂ivanja dvaput za isto djelo ili za koje je osoba bila oslobo∂ena
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 55
D DRINK AND DRIVE DURESS DUTY LAWYER SERVICES
To drive under the influence of To compel a person to perform an act Usually provided by the Legal Aid
intoxicating liquor or of a drug. against their own will – either by Commission of Victoria. A lawyer is
physical assault on their person, or present at court to represent and
someone else. advise people (usually in criminal
matters) free of charge in pleas of guilty
and bail applications.
56 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
EASEMENT EJECTMENT PROCEEDINGS EMBEZZLEMENT
E
A right over land belonging to another. To commence court/legal action to gain When a worker receives
Eg., sewerage pipes on land – control of property/land. Usually starts property/money for their employer and
easement prevents construction. by getting person/company out of converts it for their own use.
property.
Quyeàn vaøo ñaát ngöôøi khaùc laøm chuû Thuû tuïc truïc xuaát Bieån thuû
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 57
E EMPANELLING OF JURY ENTRY PERMIT EQUITABLE CHARGES
The process of selecting a jury where Permission to enter into the country. A security for a debt where the lender
the judge’s associate selects a card (Usually Migration Act). Permission to does not get the legal estate.
from a box containing names from the enter into land.
jury pool, reads the name of the
potential juror, and if not challenged by
the accused or asked to stand aside by
the Crown, the juror then takes his seat
in the jury box.
Comporre una giuria Permesso di entrata nel paese Privilegi o garanzie immobiliari
Tuyeån choïn boài thaåm ñoaøn Giaáy nhaäp caûnh Theá chaáp coâng baèng baûo ñaûm nôï
58 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
EQUITY FAIRNESS EVICTION EVIDENCE
E
A system of legal rules developed from Action to have persons/company to Anything which is allowed by a court to
about the Middle Ages in England to leave rented premises. be presented to it by one of the parties
modify the harshness of the Common involved in the case before the court to
Law. Refers mainly to civil prove a fact upon which their case
proceedings. relies. It may be verbal or written and it
may or may not be accepted by the
court as proof. Admission of evidence
is controlled by the laws of evidence
and rules of court.
Söï coâng baèng theo luaät coâng baèng Ñuoåi nhaø Baèng chöùng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 59
E EVIDENCE IN CHIEF EX GRATIA EX PARTE
Initial evidence given by a witness As a matter of favour. An act done Of the one part. An application made
before any cross-examination etc. when there is no obligation. Usually in ex parte is made by one party only (i.e.,
the form of a payment of money to in the absence of the other party) or
remedy some act or omission which may be made by an interested person
may have resulted in hardship had the who is not a party.
payment not been made.
Tanı©ın ilk ifadesi Zorunlu olmaksızın yapılan yardım Tek taraflı dava (di©erinin gıyabında)
60 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
EX NUPTIAL EXAMINATION (IN CHIEF/CROSS/RE-)
E
Out of marriage. In chief: When a solicitor/barrister asks questions of a witness called to give evidence
for their own client.
Cross: When a solicitor/barrister asks questions of a witness called to give evidence
for the other party.
Re: Examination (Questions) after cross examination of a witness by a party for whom
they were called related to matters arising out of cross examination.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 61
E EXEMPTION EXHIBIT EXPERT WITNESS
Excluding. A document or thing produced for the A person called to give expert evidence
inspection of the court or shown to a during a court case, eg., a doctor,
witness. surgeon, handwriting expert.
62 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
EXPIATION EXTORTION EXTRADITION
E
To make amends. Anyone who uses his/her position to Legal Process, where a person accused
take property/money which is not due of a criminal offence in one jurisdiction
from another. (eg., State) and who has come into
another jurisdiction (State) is
surrendered by authorities from the
second jurisdiction to authorities where
the criminal offence occurred.
`EΉÔÛË (ÂÁÎÏËÌ·Ù›· ‹
áÍÈϤˆÛË, ÂÍÈÏ·ÛÌfi˜ E΂ȷÛÙÈ΋ ·fiÛ·ÛË ¯ÚËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Î·Ù·˙ËÙÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ˘ Û ¿ÏÏË ¶ÔÏÈÙ›·)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 63
F FELONY FIDUCIARY
Traditionally, the most serious offences such as murder, The relationship of one person to another, where the first
manslaughter, rape and treason were called felonies. Less person is bound to exercise rights and powers in good faith for
serious offences were called misdemeanours. The introduction the benefit of the other. A person who holds a position of trust
of the Crime (Classifications of Offences) At 1981 abolished – banker, solicitor, etc.
these terms. The most serious offences are now known as
Serious Indictable Offences and the lesser offences are known
as Indictable Offences and Summary Offences. Although the
term has been abolished by statute, lawyers are sometimes in
the habit of referring to serious indictable offences as felonies.
Pkjcnjhcndj Ljdthtybr
64 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
FINGERPRINTS FORENSIC EVIDENCE FORENSIC MEDICINE
F
Fingerprints are the characteristic Expert evidence given based on Science of applying medical knowledge
patterns of a person’s fingers, which applying medical knowledge to the to the purposes of law.
are used as a means of identification. purposes of law, eg., fingerprints,
identification of drugs.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 65
F FORFEITURE FRAUD GAMING
Legal process where a person loses a Any dishonest/deceptive conduct. Can To play any game of chance.
legal entitlement, eg., property. be either civil (fraudulent
66 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
GAOLBREAK GARNISHMENT GOOD BEHAVIOUR BOND
G
Escape prison/police lock up with or Proceedings for the attachment of In criminal cases, as a sentence, a court
without violence (criminal offence). debts in the hands of a third party. The can release an offender on the
person in whose hands the debt is condition that they promise to be of
attached is called “garnishee”. good behaviour for a period of time.
Vöôït nguïc Gaùn nôï Cam keát giöõ haïnh kieåm toát
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 67
G GOODWILL GOVERNOR’S COURT GROUNDS OF
The benefit of advantage which a An internal panel constituted to hear On the basis of.
business had in connection with its charges relating to minor offences
customer. Probability that all committed whilst in prison.
customers will continue to come to the
business.
Thieän yù tín nhieäm Toøa aùn taïi traïi giam Caên cöù vaøo
68 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
GUARANTOR GUARDIANSHIP GUILTY
G
A person who promises to meet the The appointment of a person who A person who pleads guilty to a
debts of another if they default in stands in the place of another person criminal offence indicates that they
payment, eg., guarantor for a loan. who is unable to make decisions, eg., have committed the crime they are
pay bills, medication, legal actions accused of. Also, the finding by a jury
because of disability, illness, etc. after an accused person’s trial that they
committed the crime with which they
are charged.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 69
H HABEAS CORPUS HEARSAY HIGH COURT
“To have the body”. A court document A statement of fact made by one The High Court of Australia is the
(a prerogative writ) directed to a person person to another and repeated by that highest Australian Court in the court
who holds someone in custody other person in an attempt to prove hierarchy. It is the only court
commanding him to produce that that fact. As a general rule, a court will competent to resolve constitutional
person before a court. not allow a hearsay statement to be issues. It has original jurisdiction to try
used as proof of fact. (“Hearsay certain cases under Commonwealth
evidence is not admissible”.) statutes and appellate jurisdiction to
hear appeals from State Supreme
Courts.
Yfkju pf ghbdtledf¥t yf cel Ukfcjdb> jp,jhedf¥t Dh[jdty cel !yf atlthfkyj ybdj@
ëۉ·Ì˚È ÔË͇Á Ó ‰ÓÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌËË ‚
ÒÛ‰ Îˈ‡, ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘Â„ÓÒfl ÔÓ‰ èÓ͇Á‡ÌËfl Ò ˜ÛÊËı ÒÎÓ‚ ÇÂıÓ‚Ì˚È ÒÛ‰
ÒÚ‡ÊÂÈ
ç‡ÎÓ„ Á‡ ÔË‚Ó¨Âø ÒÛ‰Û (ÍÓ¿Ë Â¯‡‚‡
ÓÔ‡‚‰‡ÌÓÒÚ Î˯‡‚‡ø‡ ÒÎÓ·Ó‰Â) èÂÔ˘‡Ì ‰Ó͇Á, „·ÒËÌ ÇıÓ‚ÌË ÒÛ‰
Recurso de “Habeas Corpus” Testimonio indirecto, «de oídas» Alto Tribunal de Justicia de la Nación
Leänh giaûi ngöôøi bò giam ra toøa Chöùng cöù thuaät laïi Toøa aùn toái cao
70 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
HIT AND RUN HOMICIDE HOSTILE WITNESS
H
Motor vehicle accident – usually where Killing of a person by another. A witness whose mind discloses a bias
a person is injured or killed and the Manslaughter, murder, infanticide are all adverse to the party examining them,
driver of the car does not stop to a category of homicide. and who may, with the leave of the
render assistance or give name/ court, be cross-examined by the
address, etc. Counsel calling them.
Ñuïng vaø boû chaïy Gieát ngöôøi Nhaân chöùng baát lôïi
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 71
I I.D. PARADES IMMUNITY FROM PROSECUTION
The conduct of a formal identification parade. Usually an agreement by the Crown not to prosecute a person
for a criminal offence in return for giving evidence.
Smotra radi utvr∂ivanja identiteta osumnjiãenih osoba Imunitet od optuÏbe za kriviãno djelo
ëÏÓÚ‡ ‡‰Ë ÛÚ‚¨Ë‚‡ø‡ ˉÂÌÚËÚÂÚ‡ ÓÒÛÏø˘ÂÌËı ÓÒÓ·‡ àÏÛÌËÚÂÚ ÔÓÚË‚ Í˂˘ÌÓ„ „ÓøÂø‡
Carwo
Samaynta bandhig aqoonsi oo rasmi ah Aan la ciqaabi karin
72 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
IMPLICATE INCRIMINATING INDICTABLE OFFENCE
I
The inference from acts done or facts To involve oneself or another in A serious crime which is triable before
ascertained of the existence or state of responsibility for a criminal offence. a judge and jury.
things which may or may not exist in
fact, but may be presumed by law to
exist.
Implicar, suponer, entrañar, conllevar Incriminatorio, inculpatorio Delito grave o muy grave
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 73
I INDICTMENT INFORMANT INFRINGEMENT
A document listing the charges in The person who lays a criminal charge Interference with or violation of the
criminal proceedings which becomes a requiring court action. right of another.
record of the court.
ú·Ù·ÁÁÂÏÙ‹ÚÈÔ (¤ÁÁÚ·ÊÔ),
ηÙËÁÔÚËÙ‹ÚÈÔ A˘Ùfi˜ Ô˘ ‰È·Ù˘ÒÓÂÈ ÙËÓ Î·Ù·ÁÁÂÏ›· ¶·Ú¿‚·ÛË
74 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
INJUNCTION INQUISITORIAL SYSTEM (PROCESS)
I
A court order which either directs A legal system based on the court taking an active and positive role in the conduct of
someone to do something or refrain the case to be presented to it, or already before it, including the obtaining of evidence,
from doing a particular thing. An by questioning by the judge. The system operates in such countries as France and
injunction may be interim (operative Germany, where all or most of the law is contained in a written document, or a number
until further order) or perpetual. of them, called a code. The inquisitorial system is contrasted to the Common Law
system in which the court plays a much more passive role and the development and
presentation of the case is left mainly to the parties involved in it.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 75
I INQUEST INSOLVENT INSTALMENT ORDER
An inquiry held by a coroner into the Unable to pay debts in full. In civil proceedings, an instalment order
death of a person to determine the is an order to repay an amount of
cause of death. money at intervals until the total
amount is paid. In criminal proceedings
a fine/restitution can be paid off at
intervals and at a particular rate.
Ölum olayı sorußturması Borçlarını ödeyemez hale gelme Taksitle ödeme emri
76 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
INTERIM ORDER INTERLOCUTORY ORDER
I
A temporary order by the court pending further argument in An interlocutory order leaves something further to be done by
court at a later date. parties to determine the final outcome.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 77
I INTERROGATORIES INTIMIDATION INVALID
1. Questions in writing administered Can be the use of violence or threats to Not valid.
between parties in a civil action on a person to compel them to do or not
points material to the action. to do something.
2. Questions administered to a person
suspected of, or charged with,
contempt of court.
Baûng caâu hoûi (vuï kieän daân söï) Huø doïa Khoâng coù giaù trò
78 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
INVESTIGATION IRRECONCILABLE DIFFERENCES (FAMILY LAW)
I
Inquiry; to search into or examine into Where circumstances between husband and wife have broken down so completely
the particulars of a crime. that there is no prospect of getting back together.
Ñieàu tra Khaùc bieät khoâng theå hoøa giaûi (Luaät Gia ñình)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 79
J JUDGE JUDGMENT JUDGMENT IN DEFAULT
The person who presides during a 1. The actual decision or decisions of a Where the plaintiff is able to enter
court case in all courts except the court, eg., that there was a contract judgment in the absence of a defence
Magistrates’ and Children’s Court. A between A and B. (to a specially endorsed writ).
judge must be impartial. The judge has 2. The reasons (which may or may not
a number of functions, depending upon be in writing) given by a court for
the nature of the court case. However, reaching its decision.
in every case, he/she must ensure that
the case is conducted according to the
law, particularly the laws of evidence.
All judges are lawyers.
1. Go’aanka maxkamadda
Xaakim 2. sababahay goáanka ku bixisay Xukunka qofka maqan
1. Sentencia, fallo, resolución,
Juez decisión judicial 2. Motivación de la Sentencia en rebeldía
sentencia (fallo, etc.)
80 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
JURISDICTION JURISPRUDENCE JURY
J
The authority of a court to decide The study of Law, theory of Law. A body of people selected from the
matters brought before it. community to listen to the evidence in
a court case and decide which of the
facts in the case have been proved by
the evidence and give a verdict on
those facts.
AÚÌÔ‰ÈfiÙËÙ· ‹ ‰ÈηÈÔ‰ÔÛ›·
‰ÈηÛÙËÚ›Ô˘ NÔÌÔÏÔÁ›· ™ÒÌ· ÂÓfiÚΈÓ, ÔÈ ¤ÓÔÚÎÔÈ
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 81
J JURY POOL JUSTICE OF THE PEACE JUSTIFICATION
A number of people selected at random A Justice of the Peace is appointed in The plea in defence of an action which
from the community, 12 of whom are an honorary capacity. Has power, since admits the allegations of the plaintiff
selected to hear evidence of a 1.9.90, to witness documents. He/she but pleads that they were justifiable or
particular case in criminal proceedings can no longer issue any warrant. lawful.
(usually 6 in civil proceedings).
OÌ¿‰· ÔÏÈÙÒÓ ·fi ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· `AÙÔÌÔ Ô˘ ‚‚·ÈÒÓÂÈ ÙËÓ ˘ÔÁÚ·Ê‹
ÂÈϤÁÔÓÙ·È ÔÈ ¤ÓÔÚÎÔÈ ÂÁÁÚ¿ÊˆÓ ¢ÈηÈÔÏÔÁ›·, ·ÈÙÈÔÏÔÁ›·
82 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
KLEPTOMANIA LAW OF SUCCESSION LAWYER
K
The obsession to steal. Where the property passes upon death A person who has graduated from a
to another person. university having studied law. Before a
lawyer may act for or advise clients
(“practice”), he/she must be admitted to
practice as a barrister and solicitor by
L
the Supreme Court.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 83
L LEAD-UP EVIDENCE LEADING QUESTION LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Relating to events prior to the interview A question which directly or indirectly The actions taken to have a court
of the suspect. suggests to a witness the answer they enforce the law or a right protected by
are to give. Generally, leading questions the law. The proceedings begin when
are allowed in cross-examination, but the party seeking to enforce the law has
not in examination-in-chief. the necessary documents issued by the
relevant court and end when a
judgment (including an appeal) is given
by the appropriate court.
Baèng chöùng daãn daét Caâu hoûi gôïi yù Vuï kieän tuïng
84 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
LEGAL SYSTEM LEGISLATION LENIENCY (CRIME)
L
The machinery of the law that makes Laws, being Acts which have been Mild, clement, merciful usually relating
the law operate and apply. The system passed (or made) by Parliament. to request to Judge re treatment of a
includes the courts and the people who person who has been found guilty of a
work in them and the bodies that train crime.
and regulate them – anything or
anybody who has a say in the
development of our laws and their
application to the community.
á‡ÍÓÌÓ‰‡ÚÂθÌ˚È ‡ÍÚ,
á‡ÍÓÌÓ‰‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó, ÒËÒÚÂχ Ô‡‚‡ Á‡ÍÓÌÓ‰‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó ëÌËÒıÓ‰ËÚÂθÌÓÒÚ¸ (Í ÔÓ‰ÒÛ‰ËÏÓÏÛ)
Heä thoáng phaùp luaät Ñaïo luaät Khoan hoàng (toäi phaïm)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 85
L LIABILITY LIBEL LIBERTY
Legal responsibility, eg., for breaking a The publication of defamatory material A right or freedom.
contract, committing a crime. It may in permanent form, usually in writing.
be civil or criminal, according to
whether it is enforced by the civil or
criminal court.
§È‚ÂÏÏÔÁÚ¿ÊËÌ·, Û˘ÎÔÊ·ÓÙÈ΋
NÔÌÈ΋ ¢ı‡ÓË ‰˘ÛÊ‹ÌËÛË áÏ¢ıÂÚ›·
86 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
LIEN LIFE SENTENCE LITIGATION
L
The right to hold property of another as Restraint of a person’s liberty for life. A civil proceeding.
security for the performance of an
obligation.
è‡‚Ó Á‡ÔÎÂÌÂ, Á‡ÎÓÊÌÓ Ô‡‚Ó ä‡Á̇ ‰ÓÊË‚ÓÚÌÓ„ Á‡Ú‚Ó‡ è‡Ìˈ‡, ÒÛ‰ÒÍË ÔÓˆÂÒ
Giöõ taøi saûn laïi ñeå gaây aùp löïc AÙn chung thaân Daân söï toá tuïng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 87
L LOCUS STANDI LOG OF CLAIMS LUMP SUM PAYMENT
The right to be heard in a court. The assertion of a course of action. Payment of monies into court (usually)
to settle a civil claim.
Diritto di deporre in giudizio Lista dei procedimenti in corso Pagamento in soluzione unica
Quyeàn ñöôïc xeùt xöû tröôùc toøa Danh saùch nhöõng ñieàu ñoøi hoûi Traû goäp
88 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
MAGISTRATE MAGISTRATES’ COURT
M
A person appointed to hear a case in The lowest court in the court hierarch exercising criminal and civil jurisdiction. The
the Magistrates’ Court. A magistrate Court hears three types of criminal cases:
has similar responsibilities to a judge. 1. Summary offences.
2. Indictable offences triable summarily where the value of property stolen etc. does
not exceed $25,000.
3. Committal hearings. The Court also hears and determines minor civil actions,
where relief sought does not exceed eg., damage to motor vehicles up to $10,000,
contract disputes up to $5,000, injuries resulting from a motor vehicle accident up to
$5,000, maintenance and custody disputes.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 89
M MAINTENANCE MALICE MALICE AFORETHOUGHT
A provision ordered by way of Ill-will or evil motive act is malicious if it The element of mens rea (q.v.) in the
periodical payments or a lump sum, as is done intentionally without just cause crime of murder. It includes an
for a spouse after a divorce, or for or excuse. intention to kill a person and it is
children where the parents are immaterial whether there was in mind
separated or divorced. either no particular person or a different
person from the one killed. It also
includes an intention to do an act likely
to kill from which death results.
90 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
MALINGERING MALPRACTICE MANSLAUGHTER
M
To feign sickness or injury in order to Improper professional action. A crime committed when a person kills
avoid work. another unintentionally (with the
intention to inflict bodily injury only, by
accident in the course of a dangerous
and unlawful act, by gross negligence
or by failure to perform a legal duty).
ç‰ӷÓÒÓ‚ÂÒÚ̇fl Ô‡ÍÚË͇,
ëËÏÛÎflˆËfl ÔÓÚË‚ÓÁ‡ÍÓÌÌ˚ ‰ÂÈÒÚ‚Ëfl çÂÔ‰ÛÏ˚¯ÎÂÌÌÓ ۷ËÈÒÚ‚Ó
¥ße gitmemek için yalandan hastalık Usulsüz davranıß Kasıtsız adam öldürme
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 91
M MEDIATION MENS REA MENTION COURT
A process where two parties discuss A guilty mind; evil intention; Magistrates court usually. Where
their differences with the help of a third knowledge that an act is wrong. criminal matters are heard if pleading
party who is independent. guilty and witnesses are not required.
Also to determine length of cases to
allocate time. Both hearings usually
heard in court.
Hoøa giaûi Coá yù phaïm toäi Toøa ghi nhaän phieân xöû
92 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
MISAPPROPRIATION MISDEMEANOUR MISLEADING STATEMENT
M
To deal as an agent, employee or a A crime for which punishment is Statement or conduct which conveys a
person in trust fraudulently or wrongly imprisonment, a fine, or both. false or wrong impression.
with another’s property; i.e., stealing.
Ç‚Ó‰fl˘Â ‚ Á‡·ÎÛʉÂÌËÂ
çÂÁ‡ÍÓÌÌÓ ÔËÒ‚ÓÂÌËÂ, ‡ÒÚ‡Ú‡ åÂÎÍÓ ÔÂÒÚÛÔÎÂÌË ‚˚Ò͇Á˚‚‡ÌËÂ
èÓÚË‚Ô‡‚ÌÓ ÔËÒ‚‡¿‡øÂ,
ÔÓÌ‚‡ èÂͯ‡¿, ‰ÂÎËÍÚ á‡‚‡‡‚‡¿ÛÇ ËÁ¿‡‚‡
Chieám ñoaït traùi pheùp Khinh toäi Lôøi khai vôùi gian yù
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 93
M MISPRISION OF FELONY MISREPRESENTATION MOLEST
Concealing knowledge of the Statement or conduct which conveys a To abuse or interfere with a person,
Commission of a felony (Serious false or wrong impression. harass, pester, etc.
Crime).
ìÍ˚‚‡ÌË ËÌÙÓχˆËË Ó
ÔÂÒÚÛÔÎÂÌËË Ç‚Â‰ÂÌË ‚ Á‡·ÎÛʉÂÌË èËÒÚ‡‚‡Ú¸, ‰Ó҇ʉ‡Ú¸
ëÍË‚‡øÂ, ÌÂÔË¿‡‚ΩË‚‡øÂ
ÁÎÓ˜Ë̇ ã‡ÊÌÓ Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚Ω‡ø áÎÓÒÚ‡‚Ω‡ÚË, ÛÁÌÂÏˇ‚‡ÚË
94 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
MONEY LAUNDERING MORTUARY NATURAL JUSTICE
M
Engaging directly or indirectly in a A building where bodies are placed Certain rules and procedures to be
transaction that involves money or before burial. followed by a person or body with the
other property or receiving, possessing,
concealing, disposing of or bringing
into a jurisdiction any money or other
power to make decisions. Examples of
natural justice are to act fairly, without
bias, the right of all parties directly
N
property that is derived or realised by affected by dispute to be heard.
any person as the result of the
commission of an offence.
Qarinta ama gudbinta lacag ama hanti Rugta maydbariga Cadaalada dabiiciga ah
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 95
N NEGLIGENCE NEGOTIATE NOLLE PROSEQUI
A tort committed by a person who To transfer for value by delivery of In criminal prosecutions in the Supreme
owes a duty of care to another, fails to cheques for cash. and County Courts the prosecution may
exercise the standard of care required discontinue proceedings by entering a
of him and thereby breaches that duty nolle prosequi. This serves to
and injures the other person or withdraw existing proceedings, but is
damages that person’s property. not an acquittal.
96 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
NON-SUIT NON EST FACTUM NON MOLESTATION ORDER
N
A legal matter of a civil kind not “It is not his deed”. A defence raised An order restraining a person from
brought before a court. where a person has completed a deed molesting another.
in ignorance of its character. This rule
operates in the framework of law of
contract.
Ñình chæ vuï kieän Khoâng phaûi laø chöùng töø Leänh caám saùch nhieãu
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 97
N NOT GUILTY NUISANCE NULL AND VOID
The plea made by a defendant, where An act which interferes with the Of no legal effect.
they wish to deny everything and to let enjoyment of a right to which all
the prosecution prove their case members of the community are
beyond reasonable doubt – if not, they entitled.
will be acquitted.
98 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
OBJECTION (OVERRULED/SUSTAINED) OBSCENE ACTS
O
A barrister is entitled to object to a question put to a witness by the opposing barrister. That which is offensive to the currently
The presiding judge or magistrate may agree with the objection and disallow the accepted standards of decency.
question (objection sustained) or disagree with the objection and allow the question to
be asked (objection overruled).
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 99
O OFFENCES / OFFENDER OFFICE OF CORRECTIONAL SERVICES
Actions in the nature of crimes which are contrary to a The State Government agency responsible for the delivery of
statutory provision or the common law. all adult correctional programmes in Victoria, comprising
The person charged with or responsible for the commission of community-based and custodial programmes for convicted
a criminal offence. offenders and remandees.
Nhöõng söï phaïm phaùp / Can phaïm Vaên phoøng dòch vuï caûi huaán
100 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
OMBUDSMAN ONUS OF PROOF ORDINANCE
O
A public official appointed to Also called the “burden of proof” and A form of legislation.
investigate citizens’ complaints against sometimes confused with “the standard
the administrative agencies of of proof”. The obligation/responsibility
government. (the onus) to prove what is alleged or
claimed.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 101
P PARDON PARITY OF SENTENCE PAROLE
Where the Crown forgives a defendant The court, when sentencing an Is a form of conditional release for
and does not prosecute permanently or offender, may consider the sentence offenders sentenced to custodial terms.
wipes out the sentence of the court, previously imposed on a co-offender After an initial period of detention, the
varies the sentence. with a view to imposing a similar prisoner is allowed to be at large for the
sentence. unexpired portion of the sentence.
During this time, his liberty depends
upon satisfactory compliance with the
terms imposed by the paroling
authority. This inevitably includes some
form of supervision by a parole officer.
ìÒÎÓ‚ÌÓ ÓÒ‚Ó·ÓʉÂÌËÂ
èÓÏËÎÓ‚‡ÌË ꇂÂÌÒÚ‚Ó ÔË„Ó‚ÓÓ‚ Á‡Íβ˜ÂÌÌÓ„Ó
AÂn xaù Tính caùch ñoàng nhaát cuûa baûn aùn Traû töï do tröôùc thôøi haïn coù ñieàu kieän
102 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
PARTY PENALTY PERJURY
P
1. A person who takes part in a legal The punishment imposed by a court Lying under oath when questioned in
transaction or negotiation with another. upon a person who has been convicted court proceedings. A person found
2. A person who is formally involved in of committing a crime. It may take the guilty of perjury may face
bringing or defending any legal form of imprisonment or the payment imprisonment. Includes deposing to
proceedings, but does not include of money (a fine). facts in a document knowing these
witnesses or court officials. facts to be untrue.
Moät beân (trong vuï kieän v..v.) Hình phaït Toäi man khai
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 103
P PERVERTING THE COURSE OF JUSTICE PLAINTIFF
Acting in a way to pervert the administration of justice. The person who begins civil
proceedings in certain courts, eg., the
Supreme Court. In the Magistrates’
Court that person is called “the
Complainant”, and “the Applicant” in
the Family Court.
104 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
PLEA PLEAD
P
1. The answer given by the plaintiff or defendant in a civil proceeding to the other Allege or assert; to make a plea.
party’s statements of fact.
2. The answer “guilty” or “not guilty” to a criminal charge or charges given by or on
behalf of the accused at the beginning of a criminal trial in response to a question from
a court official.
3. The term is also used to describe the information, material or arguments made to a
court by or on behalf of an accused who has either made a plea of guilty to a crime or
been found guilty of a crime. This information is presented to the court prior to the
imposition of the penalty and is intended to assist the court to decide the appropriate
penalty in all the circumstances.
Izja‰njavanje Izjasniti se
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 105
P PLEADINGS POINT 05 POST MORTEM
The documents exchanged between To have a blood alcohol content A medical examination of a corpse in
the parties during legal proceedings in of 0.05%. order to discover the cause of death.
most courts which contain the
allegations or facts upon which the
parties base their cases. The
documents have particular names, eg.,
Statement of Claim, Defence, Reply.
106 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
POWER OF ATTORNEY (AND ENDURING POWER OF) PRE-RELEASE
P
An instrument in writing by which one person (the principal) One of the “post-custodial programmes” of the “Office of
appoints another (the agent) authorising the agent to do certain Corrections”. It is often served in an attendance centre
acts on the principal’s behalf. programme and aimed at increasing the personal and
employment skills at the prison.
Giaáy uûy quyeàn (vaø uûy quyeàn tröôøng kyø veà) Tröôùc khi ñöôïc traû töï do
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 107
P PRECEDENT PRELIMINARY BREATH TEST PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
The Common Law principle by which The first test to be conducted to The initial investigation, such as
lower courts in the hierarchy of courts determine whether there is alcohol searches of suspect premises, interview
must follow the issues of law decided present in the blood of a driver, via of witnesses, identification of stolen
by higher courts, eg., a decision on a breathing into a mechanism. In certain property, etc.
particular aspect of the law by the High circumstances if the result is positive, a
Court must be followed by the more extensive test using a
Supreme Court. breathalyser would be required.
艂‡ËÚÂθ̇fl ÔÓ‚Â͇
舉ÂÌÚ ‰˚ı‡ÌËfl ̇ ÒÓ‰ÂʇÌË ‡ÎÍÓ„ÓÎfl 艂‡ËÚÂθÌÓ ÒΉÒÚ‚ËÂ
108 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
PREVENTIVE DETENTION PRIMA FACIE PRIMARY EVIDENCE
P
Where an offender’s prior criminal On the face of it. Primary evidence of a document is the
behaviour is taken into account and he document itself, or duplicate original.
is detained to protect the public from
him committing further offences.
Pfndjhf¥t pf lf ct jl,tuyfn
yfnfvjiyb ghtrhijwb Yf ghd gjuktl Ghbvfhyb ljrfpb
Giam giöõ ñeå ngaên ngöøa Coù cô sôû hieån nhieân Baèng chöùng chính
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 109
P PRINCIPAL RELIEF PRIOR CONVICTIONS (PRIORS)
In a divorce action, the dissolution of marriage itself, rather A record of previous offences to which an offender has either
than the ancillary relief. pleaded guilty or of which he or she has been found guilty by a
Court.
110 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
PRIVILEGE PRIVITY OF CONTRACT PROMISSORY NOTE
P
In certain circumstances a party or The relationship that exists between A written unconditional promise to pay
witness in court may refuse to answer a parties to a contract. Only those who on demand or at a fixed date a
question and cannot be forced to were a party to a contract can sue or be specified amount of money.
answer. This right is called “privilege”. sued on it.
Ñaëc quyeàn Quan heä hôïp ñoàng Giaáy heïn traû tieàn
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 111
P PROOF BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT PROPENSITY
The standard of proof in a criminal trial is proof beyond reasonable doubt. Habitual inclination or tendency.
Söï chöùng minh khoâng coøn nghi ngôø ôû möùc hôïp lyù Khuynh höôùng
112 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
PROSECUTOR PROTECTED WITNESS VIDEO SYSTEM
P
The person who has the responsibility The use of video conferencing technology between a court room and a room
of presenting and conducting the containing a protected witness in proceedings in which a young person or a person
prosecution at court. with some sort of disability is giving evidence.
Coâng toá vieân Heä thoáng viñeâoâ daønh cho nhaân chöùng ñöôïc baûo veä
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 113
P PROTECTION ORDER PROTHONOTARY PROVISO
Action now taken by the Human A principal notary, chief clerk or An exception.
Services of Victoria to bring a registrar of the Supreme Court.
child/young person to Children’s Court
if their physical, emotional or
psychological being is in danger. A
court will then place the child in the
care of the State of Victoria.
Ansixiyaha asaasiga ah ee
Amarka xafidida maxkamadda u saraysa Qodob ka baxsan
AÙn leänh baûo veä Chaùnh luïc söï (Toøa Thöôïng Thaåm) Vôùi ñieàu kieän
114 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
PROVOCATION PROXY PUBLIC ADVOCATE
P
Acts which are sufficient to prevent the A person lawfully deputised to vote in A person appointed under the
exercise of reason and to deprive a the place of another. Guardianship and Administration Board
reasonable man of his self control, thus Act 1986 to look after the interests of
reducing murder to manslaughter. persons with a disability.
Söï khieâu khích Ñaïi dieän ñöôïc ñeà cöû Ngöôøi beânh vöïc daân
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 115
P PUBLIC TRUSTEE PUNISHMENT PUTATIVE FATHER
An official who is responsible for A criminal penalty. The person held to be the father of the
administering the estates of those complainant’s child in affiliation
unable to do so. proceedings.
UÛy thaùc vieân chính phuû Hình phaït Ngöôøi vaãn ñöôïc coi laø cha
116 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
QUASI QUERELA QUID PRO QUO
Q
As if it were eg., quasi judicial – as if it A civil proceeding in any court. Something for something.
were to judge.
Dacwada madaniga ah ee
Wax sidaas oo kale ah sida maxkamadaha Wax loogu talagalay wax
Ñöôïc xem nhö laø Thuû tuïc daân söï toá tuïng Söï buø tröø
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 117
R RACIAL VILIFICATION RANSOM RECIDIVISM
To incite hatred or violence against a The action of procuring the release of The habit of continually relapsing into
race. someone held captive by paying a crime.
R price.
Phæ baùng chuûng toäc Tieàn chuoäc Tính caùch taùi phaïm
118 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
RECIPROCATING COURT RECOGNIZANCE RECORD OF INTERVIEW
R
An equivalent court, usually in another A promise or undertaking by an Formal interview of a person suspected
state or country, in which related accused person to forfeit or pay a of committing an offence.
proceedings may be taken pursuant to specified sum if he/she does not
an arrangement between the states or perform certain actions, eg., appear in
countries. court.
êˆËÔÓ˜ÌË ÒÛ‰ (Û ‰Û„Ó¿ ‰Ê‡‚Ë) èËÒÏÂ̇ Ó·‡‚ÂÁ‡, ÔËÁ̇Ìˈ‡ (‰Û„‡) á‡ÔËÒÌËÍ Ó ËÒÔËÚË‚‡øÛ
Toøa töông hoã Söï cam keát tröôùc toøa Bieân baûn phoûng vaán
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 119
R REGISTRAR REMAND REMEDY
An officer of a Magistrates’ Court 1. To adjourn judicial proceedings (eg., The relief given by the law to rectify the
(previously known as Clerk of Court), criminal trial) to a future date. The harm suffered by a person as a result of
who prepares the list of cases to be court may order the defendant to be his/her legal rights having been
heard by a magistrate, keeps records of admitted to bail or held in custody. breached.
his decisions and assists him in court. 2. The Division within a gaol into which
The registrar also has a number of persons who have been remanded are
other duties, eg., receiving fines, placed.
collecting statistics, etc. After a course
of training, a registrar may be
appointed Magistrate.
∫‡ı˘ÓÔ˜ π‹ÚËÛ˘ MËÙÚÒˆÓ 1. ¶·Ú·ÔÌ‹ Û ¿ÏÏË ‰ÈοÛÈÌÔ `EÓ‰ÈÎÔ Ì¤ÛÔ ·ÔηٿÛÙ·Û˘ ‚Ï¿‚˘,
(ÚÒËÓ °Ú·ÌÌ·Ù¤·˜ ¢ÈηÛÙËÚ›Ô˘) 2. AÓ·ÌÔÚʈًÚÈÔ ÎÙÏ., ·ÔηٿÛÙ·ÛË ·ÛÙÈÎÒÓ ˙ËÌ›ˆÓ
RInviare a giudizio/Centro di
Cancelliere detenzione temporanea Rimedio giuridico
Luïc söï Taïm giam/nhaø taïm giam Boài thöôøng thieät haïi
120 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
REMISSION RESCISSION RESERVED JUDGMENT
R
A reduction of the remaining prison Process where a contract is brought to A ruling by a Magistrate or Judge that
sentence. A prisoner’s term of an end and its legal affects on the is under consideration.
imprisonment may be remitted by parties are cancelled.
reason of his/her good behaviour.
Ka yaraynta inta xabsiga uga hartay Burburinta caqdigii ama heshiiskii Ka fiirsasho go’aan
Sentencia pendiente de
Reducción de la pena Rescisión, resolución (de contrato) pronunciamiento
Giaûm thôøi gian thi haønh baûn aùn Huûy boû hôïp ñoàng Hoaõn phaùn quyeát
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 121
R RESIDENCE ORDER RESPONDENT
Care and control. A parent with custody of children has the The party against whom certain proceedings are lodged,
legal right to care for them and the duty and responsibility to (including family, tribunal and appeal proceedings).
control their way of life, education and general upbringing.
The Family Law Act provides that custody may be awarded to
both parents jointly, or to one parent, or to a third person. (NB)
Guardianship of a child may be awarded to a person appointed
by a Court, however, it is possible that custody may be granted
to another so that the child lives apart from the person legally
appointed as guardian of that child.
122 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
RESTITUTION RESTRAINING ORDER RETRACTION
R
An order made by a Court that stolen In Family Law an order intended to Withdraw, revoke, cancel, refuse to
goods or their value be restored to the prevent or stop one spouse from abide by, acknowledge falsity or error
owner by the person convicted of the assaulting or threatening the other of, expressly abandon (statement,
offence. spouse. promise, opinion).
ê‡ÒÔÓflÊÂÌË ӷ Ó„‡Ì˘ÂÌËË
ÇÓÁÏ¢ÂÌË ۷˚ÚÍÓ‚ ‰ÓÒÚÛÔ‡ éÚ͇Á ÓÚ ÒÎÓ‚‡
Leänh boài thöôøng thieät haïi Leänh caám vi phaïm Thu hoài
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 123
R RETURNABLE (SUMMONS) REVERSED ONUS OF PROOF REVOCATION OF LICENCE
A summons specified to be heard on a In prosecutions for certain offences, See: Disqualification of a person.
particular day. once the prosecution has presented
certain matters of proof to establish a
prima facie case, the onus of proof
changes to the accused who must prove
innocence, by disproving the
prosecution’s allegations or by providing
a legal defence to those allegations.
Poziv na sudsko roãi‰te Obrnut teret dokazivanja krivnje Oduzimanje vozaãke dozvole
Traùt toøa coù theå hoaøn laïi Ñaûo ngöôïc traùch nhieäm chöùng minh Thaâu hoài baèng laùi
124 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ROYAL COMMISSION SANCTION SEARCH WARRANT
R
A commission of inquiry authorised by The penalty or punishment provided An order authorising police to enter
the Governor-General or, the case of a as a means of enforcing obedience to and search a specified place to either
State, by the Governor. the law. arrest a person believed to have
committed an offence or to seize
certain objects.
S
UÛy Ban Ñieàu Tra Hoaøng Gia Tröøng phaït Leänh khaùm xeùt
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 125
S SENTENCE SEQUESTRATION SEX DISCRIMINATION
A judicial judgment or decree, esp. the A court order that a person’s property To place a person at a disadvantage by
judicial determination of the be set aside and held by an reason of their sex.
punishment to be inflicted on a independent person until the end of
convicted criminal, including proceedings.
imprisonment, fine, probation.
Baûn aùn Tòch bieân taøi saûn Phaân bieät ñoái xöû vì phaùi tính
126 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
SEXUAL HARASSMENT SINE DIE SLANDER
S
To harass a person (usually of the “Without a day”. Adjourning court Defamatory material published in non-
opposite sex) by sexual innuendo, proceedings being appointed for permanent form, usually the spoken
jokes, touching, etc. resuming, for a date to be fixed. word.
Jlkj;edf¥t yf celt¥tnj yf
Ctrcefkyj djpytvbhedf¥t ytjlhtltyj dhtvt Rktdtnf
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 127
S SOLICIT SOLICITOR STANDARD OF PROOF
As used in a criminal context, generally A lawyer permitted by the Supreme The extent or degree to which a fact
involves a woman accosting or Court to practise law and who chooses must be proved. In a criminal case, the
importuning men for the purpose of to do so by acting for and advising standard is “beyond reasonable doubt”.
prostitution. clients, but not by appearing for them In a civil case, it is “on the balance of
as an advocate in a court case. probabilities”.
Gaï gaãm/xuùi giuïc Luaät sö Möùc ñoä chöùng minh phaûi ñaït
128 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
STATUTE STATUTORY DECLARATION STAY OF PROCEEDINGS
S
A law made by Parliament (State or A written statement of facts which the Suspension of proceedings either
Federal). person making it signs and declares to temporarily until something is done, or
be true before a person with the power permanently where to proceed would
to take an oath or affirmation. be improper, for example, if the
proceedings are vexatious or frivolous.
Sospensione di un procedimento
Legge parlamentare Dichiarazione giurata giudiziario
Cnfnen !pfrjy> lh;fdty bkb
atlthfkty@ Gbcvtyf bpåfdf Jlkfuf¥t yf gjcnfgrf
èËÓÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÎÂÌË Òۉ·ÌÓ„Ó
á‡ÍÓÌÓ‰‡ÚÂθÌ˚È ‡ÍÚ ëÚ‡ÚÛÚÌÓ Á‡fl‚ÎÂÌË ÔÓˆÂÒÒ‡
Luaät thaønh vaên Tôø khai danh döï Ñình chæ toá tuïng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 129
S SUBPOENA SUIT SUMMARY OFFENCE
A summons which commands the An action. A minor offence heard and decided in a
appearance of a person as a witness at Magistrates’ Court.
a hearing and for the production of
specified documents.
èÂÒÚÛÔÎÂÌËÂ, ÔÂÒΉÛÂÏÓ ‚
èÓ‚ÂÒÚ͇, ‚˚ÁÓ‚ ‚ ÒÛ‰ àÒÍ ÔÓfl‰Í ÒÛÏχÌÓ„Ó ÔÓËÁ‚Ó‰ÒÚ‚‡
130 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
SUMMING UP SUMMONS SUPERVISION ORDER
S
In a criminal trial after the Crown Legal document calling on a party to A protection order made by the
Prosecutor and Counsel for the defence appear at court on a certain date for Children’s Court for a specified period
have completed their closing determination of an alleged offence or where the court considers the child
addresses, the presiding judge sums up civil wrong. needs protecting and gives the
the case for the jury. Director-General of human services
responsibility for the supervision of
the child.
Resumen de actuaciones y
formulación de instrucciones al jurado Citación a juicio Orden de supervisión de menores
Toùm löôïc noäi vuï Traùt môøi ra toøa AÙn leänh giaùm saùt
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 131
S SUPREME COURT SURETY SUSPENDED SENTENCE
The highest State court, with unlimited A person who guarantees the If for an offence a Court passes a
jurisdiction to grant relief in civil obligations of another by undertaking sentence of imprisonment for a term of
proceedings. to pay money on that person’s default. not more than a year, the court may
It has original and appellate jurisdictions For example, a surety may undertake to suspend the whole or part of that
in civil and criminal matters. In its pay the amount of bail if the accused sentence. The part suspended is not
original jurisdiction it hears only serious does not appear before the court to served by the offender unless he
matters, such as murder trials, and stand trial. commits another crime within that
injury cases exceeding $100,000 period.
depending on the question of law
involved. It also hears appeals from
both the Magistrates’ and County Courts.
132 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
SUSPENSION OF LICENCE TERMINATION TESTIMONY
S
A person’s licence is taken away from Ceasing of payment of benefits. The evidence of a witness given orally
them for a specific period and at the in court.
end of that period is returned to them.
T
Ghbdhtvtyj erbyedf¥t yf
ljpdjkfnf Ghtrbyedf¥t bcgkfnb Bcrfp> cdtljxt¥t
Treo baèng laùi Chaám döùt Lôøi khai cuûa nhaân chöùng tröôùc toøa
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 133
T TORT TRAFFICKING AND DEEMED TO BE TRAFFICKING
A civil wrong or injury arising out of an Trafficking includes preparing, manufacturing or selling a drug of dependence. Where
act or omission for which an action for a person is found in possession of a drug of dependence, if the amount is more than
damages may be brought. the quantity specified in the schedule to the Drugs, Poisons & Controlled Substances
Act 1981, then he is deemed to be trafficking in that drug.
A‰ÈÎÔÚ·Í›·, ·ÛÙÈÎfi ·‰›ÎËÌ· ¢È·Î›ÓËÛË Î·È ıˆÚÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ fiÙÈ Û˘ÓÈÛÙ¿ ‰È·Î›ÓËÛË (·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙÔ ‚¿ÚÔ˜)
ɇʉ‡ÌÒÍÓ ԇ‚Ó̇ۯÂÌËÂ,
‰ÂÎËÍÚ ê‡ÒÔÓÒÚ‡ÌÂÌË ̇ÍÓÚËÍÓ‚/Ò˜ËÚ‡Ú¸Òfl ‡ÒÔÓÒÚ‡ÌËÚÂÎÂÏ Ì‡ÍÓÚËÍÓ‚
Acto ilícito civil Tráfico de drogas y tenencia/posesión de drogas constitutiva del delito de traficar
Phaïm loãi/vi phaïm daân söï Buoân baùn vaø ñöôïc xem nhö laø buoân baùn
134 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
TREASON TRESPASS TRIAL
T
A person commits treason if he kills or A tort involving the direct and unlawful The hearing of legal proceedings in the
wounds the sovereign or heir, levies interference with the possession of land Supreme Court and County Court. It
war, assists an enemy at war with the or other property, regardless of the refers to both civil and criminal
Commonwealth of Australia or intention of the trespasser. proceedings. In other courts it is called
instigates a foreigner to make an armed a “hearing”.
invasion of the Commonwealth.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 135
T TRIBUNAL ULTRA VIRES
A legal body established to decide certain classes of claims. The term “Tribunal” is “Beyond the Power”. An act which is in
sometimes used in legal texts to describe a court of law, but it is more commonly used excess of the authority or jurisdiction
2. Less formal than courts of law (eg., lawyers are sometimes not admitted and, when
admitted, do not wear wigs and robes; the rules of evidence are applied less strictly.)
Tribunals are sometimes described as administrative rather than judicial bodies, i.e., to
determine questions of fact rather than law. The decision of a Tribunal is subject to
appeal to a court of law.
Ultra Vires
Tribunal Postupanje preko ovlasti
¶¤Ú·Ó Ù˘ ‰Ôı›۷˜ ÂÍÔ˘Û›·˜, ηı’
(EȉÈÎfi) ¢ÈηÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ ˘¤Ú‚·ÛË ÂÍÔ˘Û›·˜
136 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
UNDERTAKE UNFIT TO PLEAD UNSOUND MIND
U
To promise, in the course of legal If, at the time he is to stand trial, it is A person who, because of a mental
proceedings, to do or refrain from alleged the accused is insane, a jury is disorder, is incapable of managing their
doing an act. specially empanelled to find on the own affairs.
question of his fitness to stand trial.
The jury may find that the accused is
unfit to plead.
Cam keát Khoâng ñuû söùc ra toøa Thaàn trí roái loaïn
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 137
V VERDICT VEXATIOUS LITIGANT VICARIOUS LIABILITY
The final decision (eg., guilty/not guilty; A person who habitually and Liability which falls on one person as a
the contract has been broken) made by persistently institutes legal proceedings result of an action of another.
a jury on the basis of facts it has against persons without a reasonable
accepted as being proved by the ground.
evidence in a court case.
Phaùn quyeát (cuûa boài thaåm ñoaøn) Ngöôøi kieän tuïng voâ côù Traùch nhieäm daân söï
138 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
VOIRE DIRE WAIVE
V
A voire dire is also called the trial within a trial. It is an enquiry by the presiding judicial To give up a legal right or claim.
officer into the admissibility or otherwise of evidence. (Confessional or physical). The
presiding judicial officer has a discretion as to whether or not evidence is admitted and
thereby placed before the finder of fact which in most cases is the judicial officer
conducting the voire dire as a hearing within the main hearing of the charges involved.
W
It is normally conducted in the trial of indictable offences before a judge and jury, but
may also be conducted in a Magistrates’ Court.
¶·Ú·ÈÙÔ‡Ì·È (··›ÙËÛ˘ ‹
¢›ÎË ÂÓ ‰›ÎË ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·ÙÔ˜)
ÑÓÔÓÒ ÒÛ‰ÓÏ Ò‚Ë‰ÂÚÂÎfl ËÎË ÔËÒflÊÌÓ„Ó Ì‡ Ô‰ÏÂÚ ‚˚flÒÌÂÌËfl Â„Ó éÚ͇Á˚‚‡Ú¸Òfl ÓÚ ËÒ͇ ËÎË Á‡ÍÓÌÌÓ„Ó
·ÂÒÔËÒÚ‡ÒÚÌÓÒÚË Ë ÌÂÔ‰۷ÂʉÂÌÌÓÒÚË Ô‡‚‡
ëÛ‰Ò͇ ËÒÚ‡„‡ Ó ‚ÂÓ‰ÓÒÚÓ¿ÌÓÒÚË ‰Ó͇ÁÌÓ„ χÚÂË¿‡Î‡ ÍÓ¿‡ ÔÂÚıÓ‰Ë
ÛÚ‚¨Ë‚‡øÛ ˜ËøÂÌ˘ÌÓ„ ÒÚ‡ø‡ é‰ÂÃË ÒÂ
Thuû tuïc toøa xeùt xem coù cho pheùp trình baèng chöùng naøo ñoù tröôùc boài thaåm ñoaøn Khöôùc töø
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 139
W WARRANT WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE WILL
A legal document which authorises Where evidence given at a hearing A disposition or declaration by which
specific acts to be undertaken, eg., inclines in favour of one party, and the the person making it provides for the
search, arrest, detain etc. jury find in favour of the other party, the distribution or administration of
verdict is said to be against the weight property after his death.
of the evidence.
Preponderancia/fuerza de convicción
Orden judicial, auto judicial de las pruebas Testamento
140 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
WRIT WRONGFUL (FALSE) IMPRISONMENT
W
A document under the seal of the An offence at common law where a person is assaulted and detained against his will.
Crown which commands the person to
whom it is addressed to do or refrain
from doing some act; used to initiate
proceedings in the Supreme Court.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 141
Y YOUTH TRAINING CENTRE
Riformatorio minorile
142 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ATTORNEY GENERAL BAILIFF
Officials
Legal
LEGAL OFFICIALS
Coroner
DrÏavni tuÏilac Sudski izvr‰itelj
Barrister
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 143
BARRISTER CORONER
Officials
Legal
¢ÈÎËÁfiÚÔ˜ Ô˘ ·ÚÈÛÙ¿Ù·È ÛÙ· ‰ÈηÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ¢ÈηÛÙ‹˜ Ô˘ ÂÚÂ˘Ó¿ ‚›·ÈÔ˘˜ ı·Ó¿ÙÔ˘˜
ĉ‚ÓÍ‡Ú (Ëχ Ô‡‚Ó Á‡ÒÚÛÔ‡ø‡ ̇ ÒÛ‰Û) àÒÚ‡ÊÌË Òۉ˿‡ (Û ÒÎÛ˜‡¿Â‚Ëχ ÌÂÔËӉ̠ÒÏÚË)
Abogado litigante (Am.); procurador de los tribunales (Es.) Juez investigador de las causas de muerte
144 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS (D.P.P.) JUDGE
Officials
Legal
Direktor javnog tuÏila‰tva Sudija
Director General del Ministerio Público / Ministerio Fiscal Juez (de los tribunales superiores)
Baßsavcı Hakim/yargıç
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 145
JUDGE’S ASSOCIATE MAGISTRATE
Officials
Legal
146 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
MASTER OF THE SUPREME COURT PROTHONOTARY (SUPREME COURT)
Officials
Legal
Upravnik Vrhovnog suda Glavni sluÏbenik Vrhovnog suda
¶ÚÔØÈØÛÙ¿ÌÂÓÔ˜ π‹ÚËÛ˘ MËÙÚÒˆÓ Î·È ¶ÈӷΛˆÓ ÙÔ˘ °Ú·ÌÌ·Ù¤·˜ π‹ÚËÛ˘ MËÙÚÒˆÓ Î·È ¶ÈӷΛˆÓ ÙÔ˘
AÓˆÙ¿ÙÔ˘ ¶ÔÏÈÙÂÈ·ÎÔ‡ ¢ÈηÛÙËÚ›Ô˘ AÓˆÙ¿ÙÔ˘ ¶ÔÏÈÙÂÈ·ÎÔ‡ ¢ÈηÛÙËÚ›Ô˘
Cke;,tybr yf dh[jdybjn cel cj jlhtltyb jdkfcnedf¥f Ita yf celcrf flvbybcnhfwbåf !dh[jdty cel@
Chaùnh vaên phoøng toøa cao caáp Chaùnh luïc söï (toøa cao caáp)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 147
REGISTRAR OF MAGISTRATES’ COURT (PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS CLERK OF COURT)
Officials
Legal
148 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
REGISTRAR OF THE COUNTY COURT (EQUIVALENT OF PROTHONOTARY)
Officials
Legal
Protokolist okruÏnog suda
Luïc söï toøa trung caáp (töông ñöông luïc söï toøa cao caáp)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 149
SOLICITOR/LAWYER SHERIFF TIPSTAFF
Officials
Legal
Avvocato che tratta con i clienti ma Pubblico ufficiale del tribunale con
non discute cause in tribunale funzioni amministrative Usciere
Ghfdybr # fldjrfn Bpdhity celcrb cke;,tybr Kbwt rjt jlh;edf htl dj celybwfnf
Luaät sö Nhaân vieân toøa aùn (toøa cao caáp) Nhaân vieân toøa aùn (toøa trung caáp)
150 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER CHIEF COMMISSIONER
Personnel
Police
POLICE
Personnel
Chief Commissioner
Assistant Commissioner
Deputy Commissioner
Pomoçnik naãelnika Naãelnik
Commander
Chief Superintendent
Pomoçnik policijskog povjerenika Glavni policijski povjerenik
Superintendent
Inspector
Assistente del capo della polizia Capo della Polizia
Senior Sergeant
Gjvjiybr yf ita yf gjkbwbåf Ita yf gjkbwbåf
Sergeant
èÓÏÓ˘ÌËÍ ÍÓÏËÒÒ‡‡ É·‚Ì˚È ÍÓÏËÒÒ‡
Senior Constable
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 151
CHIEF INSPECTOR CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT COMMANDER
Personnel
Police
152 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CONSTABLE (WITH NO INSIGNIA) DEPUTY COMMISSIONER
Personnel
Police
Policajac Zamjenik naãelnika
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 153
INSPECTOR RESERVIST SENIOR CONSTABLE
Personnel
Police
154 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
SENIOR SERGEANT SERGEANT SUPERINTENDENT
Personnel
Police
Stariji narednik Narednik Nadzornik
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 155
BRAWLER VAN D.24
POLICE Large marked police van, usually Victoria Police Communications
Special Terminology crewed by 4 to 5 personnel under the Section, from which tasks are
control of a Sergeant and which transmitted to vehicles on patrol.
specifically targets hotels and areas of
large public gatherings.
156 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Police Special
Terminology
DIVI VAN OR DIVISIONAL VAN DUTY OFFICER
Marked police panel van used on patrol and for conveying Supervisor of senior rank, usually Inspector or Senior Sergeant,
persons arrested or in custody. Usually one on issue to each who supervises a District and may be called to a police station
Division (police geographical area). to investigate a complaint made by a member of the public
about police action.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 157
Police Special
Terminology
Passenger in police vehicle who keeps Member of the police force in charge of See Duty Officer.
a log of events, operates radio, a police station, premises, or group of
navigates and generally assists driver. personnel.
AÍȈ̷ÙÈÎfi˜ ˘ËÚÂÛ›·˜,
¶·Ú·ÙËÚËÙ‹˜ ¶ÚÔØÈØÛÙ¿ÌÂÓÔ˜ ·ÛÙ˘ÓÔÌÈÎÔ‡ ÛÙ·ıÌÔ‡ ÂÚÈÔϿگ˘
Agente in comando di un posto di
Osservatore polizia o di personale di polizia Agente di pattuglia
Jlujdjhty yf gjkbwbcrf cnfybwf>
Yf,˚eledfx dj gjkbwbcrf rjkf rjå jlltktybt> uhegf gjkbwfåwb> dj
ve gjvfuf yf djpfxjn Dbi gjkbwbcrb cke;,tybr
vjvtyn
è‡ÚÛθÌ˚È ÓÙˈ (‰ÂÊÛÌ˚È
燷≇ÚÂθ É·‚Ì˚È, ÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚È ÓÙˈ ÓÙˈÂ)
Caûnh saùt vieân coäng söï Tröôûng ñoàn/toaùn Caûnh saùt vieân tuaàn tieåu
158 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Police Special
Terminology
ROUTINE CHECK SECTION SERGEANT SUB-OFFICER
Questioning of a person in the street or Sergeant in charge of personnel on a Member of the police force of Sergeant
persons in motor cars to establish shift. or Senior Sergeant rank.
identity and bona fides.
Controllo di ordinaria
amministrazione Sergente di turno Sottufficiale
Kieåm soaùt thöôøng leä Sergeant tröôûng toaùn Caûnh saùt vieân
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 159
Police Special
Terminology
A member of the police force of any Police personnel assigned to traffic and highway patrol duties.
rank who supervises other personnel.
Caûnh saùt vieân giaùm saùt Toaùn caûnh saùt coâng loä
160 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Police Special
Terminology
WATCH HOUSE WATCH HOUSE KEEPER
Receiving area and cells in a police station where persons Police member responsible for security of prisoners, property,
arrested are processed. and watch house duties.
úÚ·ÙËÙ‹ÚÈÔ ¢ÂÛÌÔʇϷη˜
Meesha dadka lagu hayo ama laga waardiyeeyo Qofka jooga meesha dadka lagu hayo
Phoøng giam (taïi ñoàn) Caûnh saùt phuï traùch phoøng giam
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 161
ABDUCTION OF PERSON UNDER 18 WITH INTENT TO HAVE
MOST COMMON SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
INDICTABLE OFFENCES
Some of these may be heard
in a Magistrates’ Court
Baét coùc vò thaønh nieân döôùi 18 tuoåi vôùi yù ñònh giao hôïp
162 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ABORTION ADMINISTERING DRUGS FOR PURPOSES OF SEXUAL
PENETRATION A
Ghtrbyedf¥t yf ,htvtyjcnf Lfdf¥t lhjuf yf tlyj kbwt pf lf ct bvf ctrcefkyb jlyjcb cj ytuj
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 163
A AFFRAY AIDING AND ABETTING OFFENCES WITHIN OR OUTSIDE VICTORIA
¢ËÌfiÛÈ· Û˘ÌÏÔ΋ ∫Ô‚Ô‹ıËÛË Î·È ˘ÔΛÓËÛË ·Ú·ÙˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÂÓÙfi˜ Î·È ÂÎÙfi˜ BÈÎÙˆÚ›·˜
AÅu ñaû Tieáp tay vaø a toøng trong caùc vuï phaïm phaùp trong vaø ngoaøi Victoria
164 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ARMED ROBBERY ARREST (ASSAULT WITH INTENT TO RESIST OR PREVENT)
A
Cöôùp coù vuõ khí Baét giöõ (haønh hung vôùi yù ñònh khaùng cöï hoaëc ngaên caûn)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 165
A ARREST (USING FIREARM TO RESIST OR PREVENT) ASSAULT
Hap‰enje Napad
Uhiçenje, hap‰enje (kori‰tenje vatrenog oruÏja radi odupiranja ili spreãavanja) Napad
Resistenza all’arresto o tentativo di sottrarsi all’arresto con uso di armi da fuoco Aggressione
Detención (resistencia a la autoridad, con uso de arma de fuego, a fin de Uso o amenaza de usar violencia
impedir la ~) ilegítima contra una persona
Baét giöõ (söû duïng suùng ñeå khaùng cöï hoaëc ngaên caûn) Haønh hung
166 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ATTEMPT TO COMMIT AN INDICTABLE OFFENCE BESTIALITY
A
B
Möu toan phaïm troïng toäi Giao hôïp vôùi thuù vaät
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 167
B BLACKMAIL BURGLARY CARRYING FIREARM
çÂÁ‡ÍÓÌÌÓ ÌÓ¯ÂÌËÂ
ò‡ÌÚ‡Ê ä‡Ê‡ ÒÓ ‚ÁÎÓÏÓÏ Ó„ÌÂÒÚÂθÌÓ„Ó ÓÛÊËfl
168 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CAUSING EXPLOSION (LIKELY TO ENDANGER LIFE OR INJURE PROPERTY)
C
Izazivanje eksplozije
èÓÒÎÛÊËÚ¸ Ô˘ËÌÓÈ ‚Á˚‚‡ (Ò ˆÂθ˛ Û„ÓÁ˚ ‰Îfl ÊËÁÌË ËÎË Ô˘ËÌÂÌËfl Û˘Â·‡)
Sababida qarax ( u badan inuu khatar geliyo nafta ama burburiyo hantida)
Gaây noå (raát coù theå gaây nguy hieåm ñeán sinh maïng hoaëc thieät haïi taøi saûn)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 169
C CAUSING INJURY INTENTIONALLY OR RECKLESSLY CHILD DESTRUCTION
Gjdhtlb yfytctyb yfvthyj bkb gjhflb ytvfhyjcn E,bdf¥t ltnt ghtl lf ct hjlb
èÓÒÎÛÊËÚ¸ Ô˘ËÌÓÈ Ú‡‚Ï˚ ËÎË Û‚Â˜¸fl (Ô‰̇ÏÂÂÌÌÓ ËÎË ÔÓ ÔÂÒÚÛÔÌÓÈ ì·ËÈÒÚ‚Ó Â·ÂÌ͇ (ÊËÁÌÂÒÔÓÒÓ·ÌÓ„Ó,
ı‡Î‡ÚÌÓÒÚË) ÌÓ Ì ÓÚ‰ÂÎË‚¯Â„ÓÒfl ÓÚ Ú· χÚÂË)
Kasıtlı veya dikkatsizlik sonucu birinin yaralanmasına neden olmak 28 haftadan küçük bir bebe©i öldürme
Gaây thöông tích coá yù hoaëc baát keå haäu quaû Huûy hoaïi thai nhi
170 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CHILD STEALING CONCEALING OFFENCES FOR BENEFIT
C
Baét coùc treû em Che daáu toäi phaïm ñeå höôûng lôïi
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 171
C CONDUCT (RECKLESS; ENDANGERING LIFE) CONSPIRACY (AT COMMON LAW)
Pona‰anje Zavjera
Haønh vi (baát keå haäu quaû, gaây nguy hieåm ñeán sinh maïng) Thoâng ñoàng (theo thoâng luaät)
172 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CONSPIRACY (CODIFIED IN CRIMES ACT) CULPABLE DRIVING
C
Thoâng ñoàng (qui ñònh trong Ñaïo luaät Hình söï) Toäi laùi xe gaây thöông vong
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 173
C CULTIVATION OF A NARCOTIC PLANT DAMAGE OR DESTROY PROPERTY (THREAT TO)
Uzgajanje biljke od koje se pravi droga O‰tetiti ili uni‰titi imovinu (prijetnja)
Ç˚‡˘Ë‚‡ÌË ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ, ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘Ëı ̇ÍÓÚ˘ÂÒÍË ì˘Â· ËÎË ÛÌ˘ÚÓÊÂÌË ËÏÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚‡ (Û„ÓÁ‡ ̇ÌÂÒÂÌËfl
‚¢ÂÒÚ‚‡ Û˘Â·‡)
Uyußturucu bitkiler yetißtirmek Mala hasar vermek veya tahrip etmek tehdidinde bulunmak
Troàng caây ma tuùy Gaây thieät haïi hoaëc tieâu huûy taøi saûn (haêm doïa)
174 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
DECEPTION (OBTAINING FINANCIAL
ADVANTAGE BY)
DEMAND (MAKING; WITH A THREAT TO KILL
ETC.) D
Prevara Zahtjev
EÍ·¿ÙËÛË (·ÔÎÙÒ ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈο ˆÊ¤ÏË ÂÍ··ÙÒÓÙ·˜) A·›ÙËÛË (ÂÁ›ڈ, ÌÂÙ’ ·ÂÈÏ‹˜ ÊfiÓÔ˘ ÎÙÏ.)
Ottenere vantaggio pecuniario con inganno/Frode Richiesta o pretesa sotto minaccia di morte
Bpvfvf !pf lf ct bvf abyfycbcrf rjhbcn@ <fhf¥t !gjcnfdedf¥t& cj pfrfyf pf e,bcndj b ck.@
Khaa’inimo (Hellitaan faaiido dhaqaale iyadoo) Dalbasho (loogu hanjabayo delitaan iwm)
Engaño (obtención de un beneficio económico mediante) Exigencia (realizar, mediante amenazas de muerte, etc.)
Sahtekarlık (yolu ile maddi çıkar sa©lamak) Talepte bulunmak; öldürme tehdidiyle talepte bulunmak
Löôøng gaït (ñeå höôûng lôïi tieàn baïc) Ñoøi hoûi (vôùi söï haêm doïa gieát v.v.)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 175
D DESTROYING OR DAMAGING PROPERTY ESCAPE
176 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
EXPLOSION (CAUSING; LIKELY TO ENDANGER LIFE OR INJURY PROPERTY)
E
Eksplozija
ÇÁ˚‚ (ÔÓÒÎÛÊËÚ¸ Ô˘ËÌÓÈ ‚Á˚‚‡ Ò ˆÂθ˛ Û„ÓÁ˚ ‰Îfl ÊËÁÌË ËÎË Û˘Â·‡ ËÏÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Û)
Qarax (kaas oo u badan in uu naf khatar geliyo naf ama kharibo hanti)
Noå (gaây; raát coù theå gaây nguy hieåm ñeán sinh maïng hoaëc thieät haïi taøi saûn)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 177
F FALSE IMPRISONMENT FALSE INFORMATION (FURNISHING)
178 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
FALSE STATEMENT AS TO THREAT TO PROPERTY (PERSONS) FORGERY AND UTTERING
F
àÁ„ÓÚÓ‚ÎÂÌËÂ Ë ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂ
ãÓÊÌÓ Á‡fl‚ÎÂÌËÂ, ‚ÎÂÍÛ˘Â Á‡ ÒÓ·ÓÈ Û„ÓÁÛ ËÏÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Û ËÎË Î˛‰flÏ Ù‡Î¸¯Ë‚˚ı ‰ÂÌ„
Hadal been abuur ah oo loogu hanjabo hanti (shakhsiyaad) Been-abuur iyo dhamaystirid
Falsificación de moneda o
Declaración falsa respecto de amenazas contra la propiedad (o las personas) documentos y puesta en circulación
de lo falsificado
Mal ve can güvenli©i konusunda yalan beyanda bulunmak Sahtecilik/sahte belge düzenlemek
Man khai ñeå ñe doïa taøi saûn (tính maïng) Giaû maïo hoaëc löu haønh ñoà giaû maïo
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 179
G GOING EQUIPPED FOR BURGLARY/THEFT/CHEAT GROSS INDECENCY
Portación de objetos destinados a la comisión de un robo con violación de Abuso sexual (sin violencia ni
domicilio/hurto/estafa intimidación)
180 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
HANDLING STOLEN GOODS INCEST INCITEMENT
H
I
Çalıntı mal almak Aile bireyleri arasında cinsel ilißki Suça teßvik
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 181
I INDECENT ASSAULT INFANTICIDE
182 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
INTERFERENCE WITH RAILWAY EQUIPMENT WITH INTENT TO DAMAGE ENGINE ETC.
I
¶ÂÈÚ¿˙ˆ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi ÙˆÓ ÛȉËÚÔ‰ÚfiÌˆÓ Ì ÛÎÔfi ÙËÓ ÚfiÎÏËÛË ˙ËÌ›·˜ ÛÙË Ì˯·Ó‹, ÎÙÏ.
Manipulación no autorizada de equipos de ferrocarril con objeto de dañar una locomotora, etc.
Phaù hoaïi ñöôøng raày vôùi yù ñònh gaây hö haïi ñaàu maùy v.v.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 183
K KIDNAPPING MANSLAUGHTER
Rhflt¥t ltnt> djphfcty xjdtr jldtlty yf cbkf Ckexfåyj> ytdjkyj e,bcndj yf xjdtr
184 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
MURDER OBTAINING PROPERTY BY DECEPTION
M
O
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 185
P PERJURY PERVERTING THE COURSE OF PUBLIC JUSTICE
186 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
POSSESSING ANYTHING WITH THE PURPOSE OF DESTROYING OR DAMAGING PROPERTY
P
`E¯ÔÓÙ·˜ ÛÙËÓ Î·ÙÔ¯‹ ÙÔ˘ ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ Ì ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô Ó· ηٷÛÙÚ¤„ÂÈ ‹ Ó· ÚÔηϤÛÂÈ ˙ËÌ›· Û ȉÈÔÎÙËÛ›·
Ç·‰ÂÌË ˜ÂÏ-ÎË·Ó Ò ˆÂθ˛ ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËfl ˝ÚÓ„Ó ‰Îfl ÛÌ˘ÚÓÊÂÌËfl ËÎË Ô˘ËÌÂÌËfl Û˘Â·‡ ÒÓ·ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓÒÚË
Mala hasar vermek/tahrip etmek amacıyla her hangi bir ßeye sahip olmak
Sôû höõu baát cöù vaät gì vôùi muïc ñích phaù huûy hoaëc gaây thieät haïi cho taøi saûn
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 187
P POSSESSION OF A DRUG OF DEPENDENCE PROCURING FOR PROSTITUTION
Sôû höõu döôïc lieäu gaây nghieän (ma tuùy) Duï laøm ngheà maõi daâm
188 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
RAPE RAPE (ATTEMPTED)
R
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 189
R REMOVAL OF ARTICLES FROM PLACE OPEN TO PUBLIC RIOT
190 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
SERIOUS INJURY (INTENTIONALLY CAUSING) SETTING TRAP OR DEVICE TO CAUSE SERIOUS
INJURY S
Te‰ka ozljeda (izazvana namjerno) Postavljanje klopke ili naprave radi izazivanja te‰ke ozlijede
Dhawaac helis ah (ula kac loo sameeyo) Dhigida debin ama qalab si loo sababo dhaawac
Kasten ciddi yaralama Ciddi yaralama amacıyla tuzak veya cihaz kurmak
Thöông tích traàm troïng (coá yù gaây) Gaøi baãy hoaëc ñeå gaây thöông tích traàm troïng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 191
S SUICIDE (INCITING) THEFT THREAT TO INFLICT SERIOUS
INJURY
Töï töû (xuùi giuïc) AÊn caép Haêm doïa gaây thöông tích traàm troïng
192 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
THREAT TO KILL TRAFFICKING IN DRUGS OF DEPENDENCE
T
Haêm doïa gieát Buoân baùn döôïc lieäu gaây nghieän (ma tuùy)
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 193
AGGRAVATED BURGLARY
MOST COMMON SUMMARY OFFENCES AND MOST
COMMON INDICTABLE OFFENCES WHICH MAY BE
TRIED SUMMARILY
Te‰ka provala
Te‰ka provala
Ntirf rhf;,f
í¯͇ ÔÓ‚‡Î‡
Gurixadid siyaada ah
Silahlı soygun/gasp
194 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
AIDING AND ABETTING A PERSON TO DRIVE A MOTOR CAR WHILST DISQUALIFIED
A
∫Ô‚ÔËıÒ Î·È ·Ú·ÎÈÓÒ ¿ÙÔÌÔ Ó· Ô‰ËÁ‹ÛÂÈ ·˘ÙÔΛÓËÙÔ ·Ó Î·È ÙÔ˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ·Ê·ÈÚÂı› Ë ¿‰ÂÈ·
Favorire e istigare una persona a guidare un veicolo durante il periodo di sospensione della patente di guida
Sürücü belgesi iptal edilen bir kißinin araç sürmesine yardım ve yataklık etmek
Tieáp tay vaø a toøng moät ngöôøi khaùc laùi xe khi ngöôøi ñoù ñaõ bò töôùc quyeàn laùi xe
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 195
A ARMED WITH OFFENSIVE WEAPON ASSAULT WITH INTENT TO …
Armado con arma ofensiva Uso o amenaza de violencia con intención de ...
Trang bò vôùi vuõ khí taán coâng Haønh hung vôùi yù ñònh...
196 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ATTEMPTED … BURGLARY CARELESS DRIVING
A
Adding offence attempted.
B
C
ÅÂÁÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ ‚ÓʉÂÌËÂ
èÓÔ˚Ú͇ Í... ä‡Ê‡ ÒÓ ‚ÁÎÓÏÓÏ ‡‚ÚÓÏÓ·ËÎfl
Tentativa de...; ...en grado de tentativa Robo con violación de domicilio Conducción negligente/imprudente
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 197
C CAUSING INJURY INTENTIONALLY CAUSING INJURY RECKLESSLY
Coá yù gaây thöông tích Gaây thöông tích baát keå haäu quaû
198 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CRIMINAL DAMAGE BY FIRE DAMAGING PROPERTY DRIVING WHILST DISQUALIFIED
C
Driving a motor car whilst disqualified.
Si dembi ah dab wax ku gubid Burburinta hanti Wadida gaari laysanka laáan
Gaây hoûa hoaïn laøm thieät haïi hình söï Phaù hoaïi taøi saûn Laùi xe khi bò maát baèng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 199
D DRUNK DRIVING DRUNK IN CHARGE OF A MOTOR CAR
O‰ËÁÒ ˘fi ÙËÓ Â‹ÚÂÈ· ·ÏÎÔfiÏ `E¯ÔÓÙ·˜ ÙËÓ ÂÔÙ›· ·˘ÙÔÎÈÓ‹ÙÔ˘ ·Ó Î·È ÌÂı˘Ṳ̂ÓÔ˜
Alkollü araç kullanmak Alkollü bir halde bir aracın idaresinde olmak
200 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
ESCAPE EXCEED 0.05% FALSE AFFIDAVIT
E
Escaping from legal custody. Driving a motor car whilst having a Swearing a false affidavit.
blood alcohol content exceeding
0.05%.
F
Ñaøo thoaùt Vöôït möùc 0.05% Khai gian tôø khai höõu theä
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 201
F FALSE REPORT TO POLICE GOODS IN CUSTODY GROSS INDECENCY
Making a false report to police. Having goods in custody suspected of Committing an act of gross indecency.
having been stolen.
Fare una deposizione falsa alla polizia Custodia di merci di origine sospetta Atti osceni
(Presentación de) denuncia falsa a la Posesión de bienes robados o Abuso sexual (sin violencia ni
policía malhabidos intimidación)
Polise yalan ihbar/ßikayette bulunmak Çalıntı mal bulundurmak A©ız ahlaksız/uygunsuz hareket
Laøm lôøi khai giaû vôùi caûnh saùt Löu giöõ haøng Coâng xuùc tu sæ
202 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
HARBOURING A GAOL ESCAPEE HARBOURING OR CONCEALING A CHILD
H
Firari mahkuma yataklık yapmak Bir çocu©a yataklık yapmak veya gizlemek
Chöùa chaáp tuø vöôït nguïc Chöùa chaáp hoaëc daáu ñöùa treû
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 203
H HIJACK HOUSE BREAKING IMPLEMENTS
Unlawfully exercising control of an Being in possession of house breaking implements without lawful excuse.
aircraft (motor, vessel etc.
Cöôùp ñoaït (xe, taøu, maùy bay) Duïng cuï ñoät nhaäp gia cö
204 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
INCITING A PERSON TO RESIST ARREST INDECENT ASSAULT
I
Inciting a person to resist a member of the police force in the lawful execution of his Indecent assault on a female (or male)
duty. person – add “under the age of sixteen
years” if applicable.
çÂÔËÒÚÓÈÌÓ ̇ԇ‰ÂÌËÂ,
èÓ‰ÒÚÂ͇ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó ˜ÂÎÓ‚Â͇ Í ÒÓÔÓÚË‚ÎÂÌ˲ ‡ÂÒÚÛ ÓÒÍÓ·ÎÂÌËÂ
Instigar a una persona a oponer resistencia a su detención Abuso sexual, abusos deshonestos
Xuùi giuïc ngöôøi khaùc khaùng cöï söï bò baét Xaâm phaïm tieát haïnh
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 205
I INDECENT BEHAVIOUR INDECENT LANGUAGE LOITER WITH INTENT
Behaving in an indecent manner in a Using indecent language in a public Loitering with intent to commit a felony.
public place. place.
U dhaqmida si anshax xuma ah Hadal xishoodka ka maran Qashin daadin dhib looga jeedo
Haønh vi thoâ bæ Ngoân ngöõ thoâ tuïc Lai vaõng vôùi yù ñònh
206 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
OBTAINING A FINANCIAL ADVANTAGE BY
DECEPTION
OBTAINING PROPERTY BY DECEPTION
O
èÓÎÛ˜ÂÌË ÙË̇ÌÒÓ‚ÓÈ ‚˚„Ó‰˚ Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ӷχ̇ é‚·‰ÂÌË ˜ÛÊÓÈ ÒÓ·ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸˛ Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ӷχ̇
Sahtekarlık yolu ile maddi çıkar sa©lamak Sahtekarlık yolu ¥le mal kazanmak
Löôøng gaït ñeå höôûng lôïi taøi chaùnh Löôøng gaït ñeå sang ñoaït taøi vaät
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 207
P POSSESS DRUG OF ADDICTION POSSESS PISTOL WITHOUT A LICENCE
`E¯ˆ ÛÙËÓ Î·ÙÔ¯‹ ÌÔ˘ ÂıÈÛÙÈ΋ ‰ÚÔÁ‹ `E¯ˆ ÛÙËÓ Î·ÙÔ¯‹ ÌÔ˘ ÈÛÙfiÏÈ ‰›¯ˆ˜ ¿‰ÂÈ·
Tener (tenencia de) drogas adictivas Tener (tenencia de) pistola sin licencia
Sôû höõu döôïc lieäu gaây nghieän Caát giöõ suùng luïc khoâng coù giaáy pheùp
208 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
RECKLESS DRIVING REFUSE BREATH TEST RESISTING ARREST
R
Driving a motor car in a reckless Refusing a lawful breath test. Refusing Resisting a member of the police force
manner. a preliminary breath test. in the lawful execution of his/her duty.
U wadid gaari si taxadar la’aana Diidida khamra baarida sharciga ah Diidida in booliisku ku qabto
Laùi xe baát keå haäu quaû Töø choái thöû ñoä röôïu Khaùng cöï khoâng cho baét giöõ
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 209
R ROBBERY SPEED DANGEROUS
Cöôùp Laùi xe quaù toác ñoä coù tính caùch nguy hieåm
210 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
SELF ADMINISTERING A DRUG OF ADDICTION SELL DRUG OF ADDICTION
S
Selling a drug of addiction.
ìÁËχø ‰Ó„ ÍÓ¿‡ ÒÚ‚‡‡ Á‡‚ËÒÌÓÒÚ èÓ‰‡¿‡ ‰Ó„‡ ÍÓ¿Â ÒÚ‚‡‡¿Û Á‡‚ËÒÌÓÒÚ
Töï söû duïng döôïc lieäu gaây nghieän Baùn döôïc lieäu gaây nghieän
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 211
S SEXUAL PENETRATION 16-18 YEARS SMOKE INDIAN HEMP
With a person aged between sixteen and eighteen. Smoking Indian hemp.
Spolni odnos s osobom u dobi od 16 -18 godina Pu‰iti “Indian hemph” - (Indijsku konoplju)
Congiungimento carnale con minore di 16-18 anni di età Fumare canapa indiana
Giao hôïp vôùi vò thaønh nieân 16-18 tuoåi Huùt “Indian Hemp”
212 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
THEFT THEFT OF A MOTOR CAR THREATENING WORDS
T
Using threatening words.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 213
T THROWING A MISSILE (STONE) TO DANGER OF PERSONS TRAFFICKING INDIAN HEMP
¶ÂÙÒ ‚Ï‹Ì· (¤ÙÚ·) Û ¯ÒÚÔ fiÔ˘ ÎÈÓ‰˘Ó‡ÂÈ ¿ÙÔÌÔ ¢È·Î›ÓËÛË ÈÓ‰È΋˜ ηÓÓ¿‚ˆ˜
Ahkf¥t ghtlvtn !rfvty@ lf ct gjdhtlb ytrjt kbwt Ghjlfdf¥t bylbcrb rjyjg !rfyf,bc@
Tuurida gantaal si khatar loo geliyo shakhsiyaad Qaadida ama qaadida Indian Hemp
Lanzamiento de proyectil (piedra) con peligro para las personas Tráfico de cannabis / cáñamo índico
Zarar verme amacıyla bir cisim (taß) fırlatmak Kenevir otu kaçakçısı
Neùm ñoà vaät (ñaù) gaây nguy hieåm cho ngöôøi khaùc Buoân baùn Indian Hemp
214 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
UNAUTHORISED SELLING OF AN HALLUCINOGENIC DRUG UNLAWFUL ASSAULT
U
Baùn baát hôïp phaùp ma tuùy gaây aûo giaùc Haønh hung traùi pheùp
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 215
U UNLAWFULLY ON PREMISES UNLAWFUL POSSESSION UNREGISTERED MOTOR CAR
Being found on premises without lawful Being in the possession of property Driving an unregistered motor car.
excuse. suspected of being stolen or unlawfully
obtained.
Si sharci daro ah u joogid rug/goob Haysashada hanti si sharci daro ah Baabuur aan diiwaangashanayn
Yasalara aykırı bir mekanda bulunmak Yasalara aykırı bir madde bulundurmak Araç kaydı olmayan motorlu araç
Coù maët traùi pheùp treân baát ñoäng saûn Sôû höõu traùi pheùp Xe khoâng coù ñaêng boä
216 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
USE FIREARM TO PREVENT
ARREST
VAGRANCY WILFUL DAMAGE
U
Using a firearm to prevent lawful Having insufficient lawful means of Causing wilful damage.
apprehension. support.
V
W
Jhe;tyj cghjnbcnfdedf¥t yf
fgct¥t <tcre√ybindj Yfvthyj ghtlbpdbrfyf intnf
àÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌË ӄÌÂÒÚÂθÌÓ„Ó
ÓÛÊËfl Ò ˆÂθ˛ ÒÓÔÓÚË‚ÎÂÌËfl ÅÓ‰flÊÌ˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó ìÏ˚¯ÎÂÌÌÓ ̇ÌÂÒÂÌËÂ Û˘Â·‡
‡ÂÒÚÛ
ìÔÓÚ·‡ ‚‡ÚÂÌÓ„ ÓÛÊ¿‡ ‡‰Ë
ÒÔ˜‡‚‡ø‡ ı‡Ô¯Âø‡ ëÍËÚ‡øÂ, ÔÓÚÛˆ‡ø ç‡ÏÂÌÓ Û˜ËøÂ̇ ¯ÚÂÚ‡
Söû duïng vuõ khí ñeå caûn trôû söï baét giöõ Du thuû du thöïc Coá yù gaây thieät haïi
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 217
AMPHETAMINE BARBITURATES
MOST COMMON DRUGS Drug of addiction, commonly Tablets such as, Mandrax, Nembutal,
prescribed but under strict control, Tuinal, Amytal.
used illegally when not prescribed.
Slang: Barbs, Mandies.
Slang: speed, Fast, Quick.
Amfetamin Barbiturati
Amfetamini Barbiturati
AÌÊÂÙ·Ì›ÓË B·Ú‚ÈÙÔ˘ÚÈο
Amfetamine Barbiturici
Fvatnfvby <fh,bnehfnb
ÄÏÙÂÚ‡ÏËÌ Å‡·ËÚÛ‡Ú
ÄÏÙÂÚ‡ÏËÌË Å‡·ËÚÛ‡ÚË
Anfetamina Barbitúricos
Amphetamine Barbiturates
218 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
BENZEDRINE CANNABIS
A
White tablet. (Cannabis Sativa. L.) Indian Hemp plant, fresh or dried parts of plant. A “Drug of
Dependence”.
See also: Hashish, Marijuana, Narcotic Plant, Tetrahydrocannabinol.
Slang: Grass, Weed, M.J., Mary Jane, Marihuana, leaf, smoke, dope. B
Joint-smoke – a deal-small saleable amount. Roll a “number-roll a smoke.
Number-a smoke. Heads-flowering top of cannabis plant.
Blow a number-to smoke Indian Hemp. Buddha Stick-dried cannabis plant matter
compressed into stick. C
Benzedrin Konoplja
BÂÓ˙‰ڛÓË ú¿ÓÓ·‚Ș
ÅÂÌÁ‰ËÌ äÓÌÓÔÎfl
Bensadariin Kanaabis
Bencedrina Cannabis
Benzedrine Caàn sa
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 219
C CHROMING COCAINE CODEINE
Inhaling plastic solvent, adhesive Colourless or white, odourless, fluffy Odourless white crystals, as crystalline
cement, cleaning agent, glue, dope, white crystals, similar to snow. Usually white powder, or in the form of white
nail polish remover, lighter fluid, petrol sniffed (snorted). tablets.
sniffing, or other volatile product
Slang: Coke, Snow, White Lady.
derived from petroleum, paint thinner,
lacquer thinner, aerosol propellant,
anaesthetic gas etc.
ì‰ËÒ‡øÂ, “ÒÌËÙÓ‚‡ø”,
ËÒÔ‡ΩË‚Ëı ‡ÒÚ‚‡‡˜‡ äÓ͇ËÌ äÓ‰ÂËÌ
220 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
CRACK CULTIVATE ECSTASY
C
Cocaine with baking soda or ammonia Includes, sow a seed of a narcotic The “Love” drug! derivative of
and water added, then filtered to plant, plant, grow, tend, nurture, amphetamines. Sold in tablet form.
obtain crystals. Usually smoked. harvest of a narcotic plant.
Slang: X
E
Kooka-iin lagu daray waxyaalla kale Beerida dhirta daroogada Darooga ektasi
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 221
H HALLUCINOGENIC HASHISH HASHISH OIL
Psychedelic or mind-expanding drug Derivative of cannabis plant. Appears Resin from cannabis plant. A thick
causing sedative or stimulant effects. as hard, brown cakes of various sizes. dark brown to black substance. Drops
Eg., L.S.D. (Lysergic Acid of liquid placed on tobacco of rolled
Slang: Hash, Lebanese Gold.
Diethylamide). cigarettes.
Chaát gaây aûo giaùc Hashish (Moät loaïi caàn sa) Daàu Hashish (Moät loaïi caàn sa)
222 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
HEROIN L.S.D. MARIJUANA
H
White or off-white or light brown In liquid form is impregnated in sugar Cannabis plant, usually from 4’ to 6’
crystalline powder – usually injected. cubes or on blotting paper. In tablet tall, numerous branches, deep green
Slang: smack, skag, rocks (brown/
grey), hammer, hammerhead, slow.
Gram-a measure used.
form is known as, Purple Haze,
Strawberry Cheer, Blue Cheer,
Californian Sunshine, Orange Wedges,
to light green. Leaflets are serrated
and veined. Usually smoked in rolled
cigarettes or “joints”.
L
White Lightning, Clear Light, Hawaiian
Cap-a capsule.
Cheer, Micro Dots, Moons. Also
Bag-usually a one ounce bag.
known as “Acid”.
Use-hit, inject.
Snort-sniff.
Slang: trips, tickets, moons, half moons,
clear light. Use-to trip, freak out.
M
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 223
M METHEDRINE MORPHINE NARCOTIC PLANT
Small white tablet, also known as “Pep Principal derivative of opium, white Plant of a genus specified in Schedule
Pills”, “Starters”, “Meths”. crystalline powder, usually injected. 11 of Drugs, Poisons and Controlled
ê‡ÒÚÂÌËÂ, ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘ËÂ
åÂÚ‰ËÌ åÓÙËÈ Ì‡ÍÓÚ˘ÂÒÍË ‚¢ÂÒÚ‚‡
224 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL TRAFFIC USE
T
Active chemical ingredient in cannabis. (Generally) sell, exchange, agree to Smoke, inhale the fumes, introduce to
sell, offer for sale or have in the body of a person.
possession for sale. Possession of
specified amounts of some drugs is
prima facie “trafficking”.
Miscellaneous Slang
U
Darooga ku jirta kanaanbiska Qaadida ama iibinta daroogada Cabid, jiidida qaaca, gelinta jirka qofka
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 225
Miscellaneous
Raid by police, arrest for drug offence. Heroin addict in need of another dose To buy drugs.
of the drug.
226 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Most Common
STONED DETONATOR (DET)
Explosives
MOST COMMON
In a state of marijuana intoxication. EXPLOSIVES Device for triggering the explosion.
Napu‰en Detonator
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 227
Most Common
228 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Most Common
PLASTIC EXPLOSIVE AIR RIFLE / GUN
Firearms
MOST COMMON
Explosive substance. FIREARMS Rifle or gun from which a pellet or dart
is propelled by compressed air.
ÑÛıÓ‚ÓÂ, ÔÌ‚χÚ˘ÂÒÍÓÂ
ÇÁ˚‚˜‡ÚÓ ‚¢ÂÒÚ‚Ó ÛʸÂ/ÔËÒÚÓÎÂÚ
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 229
Most Common
One which reloads automatically as Part of the firearm which holds the Firearm which fires all ammunition
part of the firing action. round for firing. automatically when the trigger is
depressed.
Ä‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍÓ ӄÌÂÒÚÂθÌÓÂ
ÓÛÊË ä‡ÁÂÌ̇fl ˜‡ÒÚ¸ ÓÛÊËfl èÛÎÂÏÂÚ
230 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Most Common
PISTOL RIFLE SAWN-OFF SHOTGUN/RIFLE
Firearms
Small firearm, able to be easily Bolt-action, semi-automatic or Firearm with the barrel and/or butt
concealed about the person. automatic. Has grooved rifling in the shortened so as to make it easier to
barrel. conceal about the person.
úÔÓÙÔÙÔ‡ÊÂÎÔ, ÎÔÓÙfiηÓÓË
¶ÈÛÙfiÏÈ πÔ˘Ê¤ÎÈ Î·Ú·Ì›Ó·
Suùng luïc Suùng tröôøng Suùng cöa noøng/suùng tröôøng cöa noøng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 231
Most Common
Telescopic sight affixed to a rifle. Firearm with no furling in the barrel. Parts of a firearm which, when aligned
Fires a large cartridge, usually filled by the shooter, direct the firearm to the
with shot of varying sizes. Lever target.
action and pump action describe the
loading mechanisms.
232 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Most Common
SILENCER BALLISTIC KNIFE
Weapons
MOST COMMON
Device placed on the barrel of a WEAPONS A device or instrument designed or
firearm to muffle or deaden the sound adapted to fire or discharge a knife,
of the report. dagger or similar instrument by
mechanical, percussive or explosive
means.
™ÈÁ·ÛÙ‹Ú·˜ ™ÙÈϤÙÔ
çÓÊ-ÔËÒÚÓÎÂÚ, ÌÓÊ Ò
ÉÎÛ¯ËÚÂθ ‚˚Ò͇ÍË‚‡˛˘ËÏ ÎÂÁ‚ËÂÏ
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 233
Most Common
Which means a blow pipe or similar A knife with a two piece handle which A sharp pointed stabbing instrument,
device or instrument designed to folds together to cover both edges of ordinarily capable of being concealed
propel an arrow, dart or similar the blade (where the blade exceeds on the person.
projectile by air expelled from the 7cm in length).
mouth.
Üfleyince sivri madde atan silah Kelebek tabir edilen bıçak Kama
234 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Most Common
FLICK KNIFE KNUCKLE KNIFE KNUCKLE DUSTER
Weapons
A knife designed or adapted so that An open or exposed blade or similar A device or instrument designed or
the blade is concealed when folded or instrument attached to a handle that is adapted to be worn across the
recessed into the handle and which designed or adapted to be held knuckles of a hand so as to:
opens by gravity or centrifugal force, between the knuckles (including the
1. Increase the force or impact of a
or by any pressure applied to a button, device commonly known as the
punch or blow when striking another
spring or device in or attached to the “Urban Pal Knife”.
with that hand; and
handle of the knife.
2. protect the knuckles from injury.
Dao baám Dao gaén vaøo loùng tay Bao loùng tay
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 235
Most Common
NUNCHAKU SWORDSTICK
Weapons
çÛ̘‡Í òÚ‡Ô-χ˜
236 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Most Common
BOLT-CUTTER COAT-HANGER GAS PLIERS
Tools
Large cutting device used to cut wire, Curved piece of metal, with a hook Small pincers with long jaws, for
padlocks, bolts etc. attached. bending wire, holding small objects,
etc.
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 237
Most Common
Angled steel bar for levering windows, Same as for Gas Pliers. Small device inserted in locks and
doors or bolts. manipulated so as to spring the lock.
Ñoà naäy cöûa, then caøi Keàm ña duïng Ñoà môû oå khoùa
238 ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese
Most Common
PINCH BAR SCREWDRIVER STILSON
Tools
Same as for Jemmy Bar. A tool fitted into the slotted head of a Large wrench used to turn door
screw for driving in or withdrawing it handles.
by turning.
Ñoà naäy cöûa, then caøi Caùi tua-vít Moû leát Stilson ña duïng
ArabicBosnianChineseCroatianGreekItalianMacedonianRussianSerbianSomaliSpanishTurkishVietnamese 239
Bibliography
VITS LanguageLink Interpreter Orientation Course Lecture Notes.
Marantelli, S. E. The Australian Legal Dictionary. Edward Arnold, Melbourne, 1984.
Marantelli, Tikotin. The Australian Legal Dictionary. 2nd Edition by Edward Arnold, Australia
O’Hare, C. and Sonnemann, J. A. Australian Legal Terms. Longman Cheshire, Melbourne, 1980.
Osborne’s Concise Law Dictionary, Seventh Edition by Roger Bird, Published by Sweet & Maxwell.
240 Design and art direction – Gabriela Rovski, design a la art (03) 9830 0240
VITS
LanguageLink
1st floor
Melbourne 3000
Australia
email vits@vits.com.au
www.vits.com.au