Elemental English II

Teacher: Ruby Esperanza Ulchur

Conjunctive Adverbs
A conjunctive adverb (e.g., however, nevertheless, therefore, moreover,
furthermore, consequently, etc.) is used to connect two independent clauses to form
a compound sentence. They also show sequence, contrast, cause and effect, and
other relationships.
Punctuation with Conjunctive adverbs:
1. Semi-colon with conjunctive adverbs
In this case, a semi-colon is used instead of a period after the first independent
clause, and a comma after the conjunctive adverb.
Examples:

- I wrote for ten hours; nevertheless, I didn't finish my composition.

- I was tired; consequently, I went to bed.
- Jeremy kept talking in class; therefore, he got in trouble.
- She went into the store; however, she didn’t find anything she wanted to buy.
- I like you a lot; in fact, I think we should be best friends.
- Your dog got into my yard; in addition, he dug up my petunias.
- You’re my friend; nonetheless, I feel like you’re taking advantage of me.
2. Comma with conjunctive adverbs:
a. Use commas around a conjunctive adverb when it comes between a subject
and main verb in a single independent clause.

- I wrote for ten hours. I didn't, however, finish my composition.

b. Use a comma before a conjunctive adverb when it ends a single independent

clause.

- I wrote for ten hours. I didn't finish my composition, however.

The exercises were retrieved from the following web page, but some of them were modified by the teacher Ruby
Ulchur

https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/conjunctions/conjunctive-adverbs/

http://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/stonebrink/ESL032/conjunction2/conjunction2.html