Nursing-Patient

InteractionIs the
use of oral,
gestures and
facial expression
of the client and
nurse
inestablishing a n
urse-patient relati
onship.Phases
of Nurse-Patient
Interaction1.
Orientation -
During this
phase, the
individual has a
felt need 
and
seeksprofessiona
l assistance. The
nurse helps
the individual to
recognize
andunderstand
his/ her problem
and determine the
need for help.2.
Identification -
The patient
identifies with
those who can
help him/ her.
Thenurse permits
exploration of
feelings to aid the
patient in
undergoing
illness as
anexperience
that reorients
feelings and
strengthens
positive forces in
thepersonality
and provides
needed
satisfaction.3.
Exploitation -
During this
phase, the
patient
attempts to
derive full value
fromwhat he/ she
are offered
through the
relationship. The
nurse can project
newgoals to be
achieved through
personal effort
and power shifts
from the nurse
tothe patient as
the patient delays
gratification to
achieve the
newly formed
goals.4.
Resolution -The
patient gradually
puts aside old
goals and adopts
new goals. This is
a process in
which the patient
frees himself from
identification with
thenurse. Techniq
ues Effective in
Nurse-Patient
Interaction1.Refle
ction. Repeating
content or
feelings. You
might simply
repeat whatthe
patient has said,
to give him time
to mull it over or
to encourage
himto respond.
Or, and often
more effectively,
you can reflect
on what youthink
the patient is
feeling.
"It sounds like
you're concerned
about
yourfamily." or "I
don't think you're
very happy about
this." By reflecting
on hisfeelings,
you may be
encouraging him
to talk about
something he
mayhave been
hesitant to bring
up himself. Or
you may be
helping the
patientto identify
his own feelings
about
something.2.Rest
ating. Rephrasing
a question or
summarizing a
statement.
"You'reasking
why these tests
are needed?"
or "In other
words, you think
you'rebeing
treated like a
child."3.Facilitatio
n. Occasional
brief responses,
which encourage
the speaker
tocontinue. A nod
of the head; an
occasional verbal
cue, such as "go
on" or"I see;"
and maintaining
eye contact
throughout the
conversation all
implythat you are
listening and that
you understand.
(4.Open-ended q
uestions. Questio
ns that
encourage the
patient
to expoundon a
topic. If you want
to encourage the
patient to speak
freely, you
mightask "How
are you feeling?"
rather than "Are
you in
pain?"5.Closed-
ended questions. 
Questions, which
focus
the patient on
a specifictopic. If
you want a short,
straight answer,
ask a question
which will
allowonly for a
direct response,
such as "When
was
your accident?"
or "Do youhave
pain after
eating?"6.Silence
. A quiet period
that allows a
patient to gather
his thoughts.
Of course, this
would be an
occasional
practice, used
when you
feel that the