GRAMMAR QUIZ 3.2 & 3.

5 ● ANSWER KEY

Group A 3 might save enough money: We use might to speculate

about something in the present or future that we are not
3.2 Present and past speculation sure about.

Exercise 1 4 could have broken down: We use could have to

1 may rain: This sentence is about the weather, so rain is speculate about a past event that we are not sure
the correct verb. We use may to speculate about about.
something in the present or future that we are not sure
5 may have gone: We use may have to speculate about a
about.
past event that we are not sure about.
2 could solve: This sentence is about a problem, so solve
6 must have known: We use must have to speculate about
is the correct verb. We use could to speculate about
a past event that we are sure happened.
something in the present or future that we are not sure
about. 7 can’t be: We use can’t to speculate about something in
the present or future that we are sure is not true.
3 can’t have rained: This sentence is about weather
conditions, so rain is the correct verb. We use can’t
have to speculate about a past event that we are sure
did not happen.

4 could have solved: This sentence is about a problem, so Group B

solve is the correct verb. We use could have to
speculate about a past event that we are not sure 3.2 Present and past speculation
about.
Exercise 1
5 could take: You can take someone somewhere, so take
1 may meet: This sentence is about people who live near
is the correct verb. We use could to speculate about
each other, so meet is the correct verb. We use may to
something in the present or future that we are not sure
speculate about something in the present or future that
about.
we are not sure about.
6 must like: This sentence is about someone enjoying a
2 may have met: This sentence is about people who know
computer game, so like is the correct verb. We use
each other, so meet is the correct verb. We use may
must to speculate about something in the present or
have to speculate about a past event that we are not
future that we are sure is true.
sure about.
7 must have liked: This sentence is about people enjoying
3 can’t have been: The verb be can go before the adjective
a song, so like is the correct verb. We use must have to
serious, so it is the correct verb. We use can’t have to
speculate about a past event that we are sure
speculate about a past event that we are sure did not
happened.
happen.
8 could have taken: This sentence is about someone
4 can’t be: The verb be can go before the adjective
removing a key, so take is the correct verb. We use
serious, so it is the correct verb. We use can’t to
could have to speculate about a past event that we are
speculate about something in the present that we are
not sure about.
sure is not true.

5 could stay: This sentence is about being in a hotel, so

stay is the correct verb. We use could to speculate
Exercise 2
about something in the present or future that we are not
1 may land at: We use may to speculate about something sure about.
in the present or future that we are not sure about.
6 must have rained: This sentence mentions umbrellas, so
2 must be Emma’s: We use must to speculate about rain is the correct verb. We use must have to speculate
something in the present or future that we are sure is about a past event that we are sure happened.
true.

© 2016 Pearson FOCUS 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE 1

 GRAMMAR QUIZ 3.2 & 3.5 ● ANSWER KEY

7 must rain: This sentence mentions an umbrella, so rain is
the correct verb. We use must to speculate about
something in the present that we are sure is true.
8 could have stayed: This sentence is about someone
remaining in a place, so stay is the correct word. We
use could have to speculate about a past event that we
are not sure about.
4 People didn’t use to talk on the phone on the bus.: This
is the correct negative form of used to.
5 Did Sandra use to be the best student?: This is the
correct question form of used to.
6 We would often go swimming in the river in those days.:
This is the correct form of would.

7 Did you use to go to the cinema a lot?: This is the correct

Exercise 2
1 must be correct: We use must to speculate about a
present situation that we are sure is true.
2 might have missed: We use might have to speculate
about a past event that we are not sure about.
3 can’t have been: We use can’t have to speculate about
something in the past that we are sure did not happen.
4 could be: We use could to speculate about something in
the present or future that we are not sure about.
5 may have forgotten: We use may have to speculate
about a past event that we are not sure about.
6 can’t be: We use can’t to speculate about something in
the present or future that we are sure is not true.
question form of used to.
Exercise 2
1 A ✓: We use used to to talk about regular past actions.
1 B ×: We use the past continuous for actions in progress
in the past, not for regular actions in the past.
2 A ✓:We use the past simple for a single completed
action in the past.
2 B ×: We can’t use used to for a single completed action
in the past.
3 A ✓: We can use used to for a past state.
3 B ×: We can’t use would to talk about a past state.

7 must have told: We use must have to speculate about a 4 A✓: We use used to to talk about regular past actions.
past event that we are sure happened.
4 B✓: We can use would to talk about regular past
actions.

Group A

3.5 used to and would

Exercise 1
1 I used to go to school by bus when I was 10.: This is the
correct form of used to.

2 We would go to the zoo twice a year.: This is the correct

form of would.

3 How many people used to visit this town in the summer?:

This is the correct form of used to.

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 GRAMMAR QUIZ 3.2 & 3.5 ● ANSWER KEY

2 B ✓: We use the past simple for a single completed

action in the past.

3 A ✓: We use used to to talk about regular past actions.

3 B ✓: We can use would to talk about regular past

actions.

4 A ✓: We can use the past simple to talk about past

states.

4 B ×: We can’t use would to talk about a past state.

Group B

3.5 used to and would

Exercise 1
1 I would always order a large pizza.: This is the correct
form of would.

2 They used to clean the trains more often then.: This is

the correct form of used to.

3 We didn’t use to enjoy travelling.: This is the correct

negative form of used to.

4 They would go skiing in the Alps every winter.: This is the

correct form of would.

5 Did plane tickets use to be very expensive?: This is the

correct question form of used to.

6 Who used to go with you on holiday?: This is the correct

question form of used to.

7 Would they visit you every weekend?: This is the correct

question form of would.

Exercise 2

1 A ✓: We use used to to talk about past states.

1 B ×: We can’t use would to talk about a past state.

2 A ×: We can’t use used to for a single completed action

in the past.

© 2016 Pearson FOCUS 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE 3