Name : Nugraha Ardi

Class :B
Departmen : Health Analyst
Study Program : D4 Medical Labolatory Technique

From material I read, it discussed about infection control and laboratory safety. of what will happen if
we don't do the infection and keep the laboratory safe then things like severe acute respiratory
syndrome will happen (SARS), Asian flu, the Escherichia coli outbreak, and
other pathogens such as the monkeypox virus alert us that we are very vulnerable. besides that, we can
also infect microorganisms, where microorganisms have many types such as bacteria, viruses, fungi,
protozoa, and parasites. besides that we must understand if microorganisms have several in order to
grow, include: Temperature, pH, Darkness and moisture, Nutrition and Oxygen.
And for chain infection have some part include: Infectious agent, Reservoir host, Portal of exit, Mode of
transmission, Portal of entry and Susceptible host.
And there some recommendations for hand hygiene:
1. Avoid any unnecessary touching of surfaces surrounding the patient.
2. If your hands are visibly dirty or contaminated with blood or other materials, wash them with soap
and water. (It is not important at this point whether it is an antimicrobial soap that is used.)
3. Hands should be washed before eating and after
using the restroom.
4. If hands are not visibly soiled, or if they were washed with a soap that was not antimicrobial, it is
recommended that an alcohol-based hand rub be used. It may be used instead of the soap and water
wash, or in addition to hand washing after a nonantimicrobial soap is used.
5. Hands should be decontaminated (washed or cleansed using the alcohol-based hand rub) in these
situations:
a. Before and after direct contact with patients, even if the patient has intact skin
b. After contact with blood, body fluids or excretions, mucous membranes, nonintact skin, or dressings
used for open wounds
c. If the health-care provider will be going from a contaminated body site to a clean body site on the
same patient
d. After contact with any objects, such as equipment, in the immediate area of the patient
e. After removing gloves
6.It is also recommended that artificial nails be avoided if the duties of the health-care provider include
direct contact with patients at high risk for infection. Keep natural nails less than one-fourth-inch long.
7. Minimize jewelry on the hands, as bacteria may be
present underneath or in jewelry and is not removed during normal hand-washing techniques.
8. Refilling of soap pump dispensers is discouraged. If a refill is necessary, the dispenser should be rinsed
thoroughly before more soap is added. Bacterial contamination may be present in the small amount of
soap at the bottom of the container.