Busan

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Busan

부산시

Metropolitan City

Busan Metropolitan City

부산광역시

transcription(s)

• Hangul 부산광역시

• Hanja 釜山廣域市

• Revised Romanization Busan Gwangyeoksi

• McCune-Reischauer Pusan Kwangyŏksi[1]

Flag of Busan

Flag

Coat of arms of Busan

Coat of arms

Official logo of Busan

Wordmark

Busan is located in South KoreaBusanBusan

Location in South Korea

Show map of South Korea

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Show all

Coordinates: 35°10′N 129°04′ECoordinates: 35°10′N 129°04′E

Country South Korea

Region Yeongnam

Districts 16

Government

• Type Mayor-Council

• Mayor Park Hyung-joon

• Body Busan Metropolitan Council

• National Representation

- National Assembly

18 / 299

6.0% (total seats)

18 / 245

7.3% (constituency seats)

List

Area[citation needed]

• Metropolitan City 770.04 km2 (297.31 sq mi)

Population (January 2020)

• Metropolitan City 3,411,829

• Density 4,400/km2 (11,000/sq mi)

• Metro 7,000,699

• Dialect Gyeongsang

Area code(s) (+82) 051

ISO 3166 code KR-410

Flower Camellia flower

Fish Mackerel

Bird Seagull

GDP US$75.8 billion[2]

GDP per capita US$22,000[2]

Website english.busan.go.kr
Busan

Hangul 부산

Hanja 釜山

Revised Romanization Busan

McCune–Reischauer Pusan

Busan Metropolitan City

Hangul 부산광역시

Hanja 釜山廣域市

Revised Romanization Busan Gwangyeoksi

McCune–Reischauer Pusan Kwangyŏksi

Busan (Korean pronunciation: [pusan]), formerly romanized as Pusan and now officially known as
Busan Metropolitan City, is South Korea's second-most populous city after Seoul, with a population
of over approximately 3.4 million inhabitants.[3] It is the economic, cultural and educational center
of southeastern South Korea, with its port—Korea's busiest and the sixth-busiest in the world.[a] The
surrounding "Southeast Economic Zone" (including Ulsan and South Gyeongsang) is South Korea's
largest industrial area.

Busan is divided into 15 major administrative districts and a single county, together housing a
population of approximately 3.6 million. The full metropolitan area, the Southeastern Maritime
Industrial Region, has a population of approximately 8 million.[5] The most densely built-up areas of
the city are situated in a number of narrow valleys between the Nakdong and the Suyeong Rivers,
with mountains separating most of the districts. The Nakdong is Korea's longest river and Busan's
Haeundae Beach is also the country's largest.

Busan is a center for international conventions, hosting APEC in 2005. It is also a center for sports
tournaments in Korea, having hosted the 2002 Asian Games and FIFA World Cup. It is home to the
world's largest department store, the Shinsegae Centum City.[6] Busan was added to the UNESCO
Creative Cities Network as a "City of Film" in December 2014.[7]

Contents

1 Names

2 History

3 Geography

3.1 Climate
3.2 Administrative divisions

4 Economy

5 Education

5.1 Universities with graduate schools

5.2 Other institutes of higher education

5.3 Foreign schools

6 Culture and attractions

6.1 Parks, beaches, and highlights

6.2 Temples, religious and historical sites

6.3 Arts

6.4 Major Public performance facilities

6.5 Museums

6.6 Traditional cuisine

6.7 Hot spring resorts and spas

6.8 Religion

6.9 Communications

7 Sports

7.1 Baseball

7.2 Football

7.3 Basketball

7.4 2002 FIFA World Cup

7.5 2002 Asian Games

8 Festivals and events

9 Medical facilities

9.1 Major medical centers

10 Transportation

10.1 Bus

10.1.1 City buses

10.1.2 Gimhae Airport Limousine Bus

10.1.3 Intercity buses

10.2 Sea
10.3 National Railway

10.4 Metro

10.5 Air

10.5.1 Domestic flights

10.5.2 International flights

11 International relations

11.1 Twin towns – sister cities

11.2 Friendship cities

11.3 Sister ports

12 See also

13 Notes

14 References

14.1 Citations

14.2 Bibliography

15 External links

Names

The name "Busan" is the Revised Romanization of the city's Korean name since the late 15th
century.[8] It officially replaced the earlier McCune-Reischauer romanization Pusan in 2000.[9][b]
The name 釜山 (now written 부산 using the hangul alphabet) is Sino-Korean for "Cauldron
Mountain", believed to be a former name of Mt Hwangryeong (황령산, 荒嶺山, Hwangryeong-san)
west of the city center. The area's ancient state Mt Geochil (거칠산국, 居柒山國, Geochilsan-guk,
"Rough-Mountain Land") is similarly thought to refer to the same mountain, which towers over the
town's harbor on the Suyeong. (The later Silla district of Geochilsan-gun was renamed Dongnae in
757.)[13]

History

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Busan History Timeline

Jinhan Ancient dynasty

Three Kingdoms of Korea Silla BC.57–676

Silla 676–936
Goryeo 936–1392

Joseon (Gyeongsang-do) 1392–1897

Korea Korean Empire 1897–1910

Korea under Japanese rule 1910–1945

People's Republic of Korea 1945

United States Army Military Government in Korea 1945–1948

South Korea (Gyeongsangnam-do) 1948–1963

South Korea 1963–present

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a.

1995 3,745,784 —

2000 3,587,562 −0.86%

2005 3,439,916 −0.84%

2015 3,448,737 +0.03%

2019 3,459,840 +0.08%

source:[14]

Mt Geochil (Geochilsan-guk) is recorded as a chiefdom of the Jinhan Confederacy in the 2nd–4th

centuries. It was absorbed by Silla and organized as a district (gun). The grave goods excavated from
mounded burials at Bokcheon-dong indicate that a complex chiefdom ruled by powerful individuals
was present in the Busan area in the 4th century, just as Korea's Three Kingdoms were forming. The
mounded burials of Bokcheon-dong were built along the top of a ridge that overlooks a wide area
that makes up parts of modern-day Dongnae-gu and Yeonje-gu. Archaeologists excavated more than
250 iron weapons and ingots from Burial No. 38, a wooden chamber tomb at Bokcheon-dong.

From the beginning of the 15th century, the Korean government designated Busan as a trading port
with the Japanese and allowed their settlement. Other Japanese settlements in Ulsan and Jinhae
diminished later, but the Busan settlement continued until Japan invaded Korea in 1592. After the
war, diplomatic relations with the new shogunate in Japan were established in 1607, and Busan was
permitted to be reconstructed. The Japanese settlement, Waegwan (倭館), though relocated into
Choryang (草梁) later, continued to exist until Korea was exposed to modern diplomacy in 1876. In
1876, Busan became the first international port in Korea under the terms of the Treaty of Ganghwa.

During the Japanese rule, Busan developed into a hub trading port with Japan. Busan was the only
city in Korea to adopt the steam tramway before electrification was introduced in 1924.[15]
During the Korean War, Busan was one of only two cities in South Korea not captured by the North
Korean army within the first three months of the war, the other being Daegu. As a result, the cities
became refugee camp sites for Koreans during the war.[16]

As Busan was one of the few areas in Korea that remained under the control of South Korea
throughout the Korean War, for some time it served as a temporary capital of the Republic of Korea.
UN troops established a defensive perimeter around the city known as the Pusan Perimeter in the
summer and autumn of 1950. Since then, the city has been a self-governing metropolis and has built
a strong urban character.

In 1963, Busan separated from Gyeongsangnam-do to become a Directly Governed City (Jikhalsi). In
1983, the provincial capital of Gyeongsangnam-do was moved from Busan to Changwon. In 1995,
Busan became a Metropolitan City (Gwangyeoksi).[citation needed]

Geography

Busan is located on the Southeastern tip of the Korean Peninsula. It is located on the coast, which
determined the development of the whole city itself. The distance as the crow flies from Busan to
Seoul about 314 km (195 mi). Busan borders low mountains on the north and west, and the seas on
the south and east. The Nakdong River Delta is located on the west side of the city, and
Geumjeongsan, the highest mountain in the city, on the north. The Nakdong River, South Korea's
longest river, flows through the west and empties into the Korea Strait. The southeastern region,
called Yeongnam in Korea, encompasses both Gyeongsang Provinces and 3 metropolitan cities of
Busan, Daegu and Ulsan. Ulsan lies northeast of Busan. Combined population exceeds 13 million.

The closest overseas area to Busan is Tsushima, Japan, with a distance of about 49.5 km. The closest
Japanese mainland area to Busan is Fukuoka, and the distance from Busan to Fukuoka is about 180
km (112 miles). Busan and Fukuoka are sister cities.

View from Geumjeong Mountain.

Gwangan Bridge

Panorama of Busan from Busan Tower

Climate

Busan (1981–2010)

Climate chart (explanation)

J

34 8−1

50 101

81 135

133 1810

157 2214

207 2418

317 2722

255 2923

158 2620

58 2214

46 168

23 112

Average max. and min. temperatures in °C

Precipitation totals in mm

Imperial conversion

Located on the southeasternmost tip of the Korean Peninsula, Busan has a cooler version of a humid
subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa).[17] Extremely high or low temperatures are
rare. The highest temperature ever recorded is 37.3 °C (99.1 °F) on 14 August 2016[18] while the
lowest temperature ever recorded is −14.0 °C (6.8 °F) on 13 January 1915.[19] May to July, late
Springs and early Summers, are usually cooler than inland regions because of the ocean effect. Late
Summer, and early Autumn, August and September, are generally hot and humid and the city may
experience typhoons at that time and be generally rainy. On September 15, 1959, Super Typhoon
Sarah passed by the coast of the city and caused catastrophic damage. An unusually severe storm on
September 12, 2003, Typhoon Maemi, also caused damage to ships and buildings and resulted in
over 48 fatalities.

October and November are generally the most comfortable, with clear skies and pleasant
temperatures. Winters are cool and comparatively dry with high winds, but much milder than other
parts of Korea, except Jeju-do and several islands off the southern coast. Busan and the nearby area
has the least amount of snow compared to other regions of Korea due to its location. Snow falls on
an average of only about 5 days per year.[20] Even a little accumulation of snow can effectively shut
down this seaport city because of the hilly terrain and unfamiliarity of motorists with driving on
snow.

Climate data for Busan (1981–2010, extremes 1904–present)

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Year

Record high °C (°F) 18.4

(65.1) 20.3

(68.5) 22.9

(73.2) 28.1

(82.6) 34.0

(93.2) 33.4

(92.1) 35.8

(96.4) 37.3

(99.1) 35.2

(95.4) 29.8

(85.6) 25.6

(78.1) 20.9

(69.6) 37.3

(99.1)

Average high °C (°F) 7.8

(46.0) 9.8

(49.6) 13.4

(56.1) 18.2
(64.8) 21.7

(71.1) 24.4

(75.9) 27.3

(81.1) 29.4

(84.9) 26.3

(79.3) 22.4

(72.3) 16.3

(61.3) 10.5

(50.9) 18.9

(66.0)

Daily mean °C (°F) 3.2

(37.8) 4.9

(40.8) 8.6

(47.5) 13.6

(56.5) 17.5

(63.5) 20.7

(69.3) 24.1

(75.4) 25.9

(78.6) 22.3

(72.1) 17.6

(63.7) 11.6

(52.9) 5.8

(42.4) 14.7

(58.5)

Average low °C (°F) −0.6

(30.9) 1.1

(34.0) 4.9

(40.8) 9.9

(49.8) 14.1

(57.4) 17.9

(64.2) 21.8
(71.2) 23.4

(74.1) 19.5

(67.1) 14.1

(57.4) 7.8

(46.0) 2.0

(35.6) 11.3

(52.3)

Record low °C (°F) −14.0

(6.8) −12.6

(9.3) −9.7

(14.5) −1.5

(29.3) 5.4

(41.7) 9.3

(48.7) 13.8

(56.8) 15.4

(59.7) 9.6

(49.3) 1.8

(35.2) −6.5

(20.3) −12.0

(10.4) −14.0

(6.8)

Average precipitation mm (inches) 34.4

(1.35) 50.2

(1.98) 80.7

(3.18) 132.7

(5.22) 157.4

(6.20) 206.7

(8.14) 316.9

(12.48) 255.1

(10.04) 158.0

(6.22) 58.4
(2.30) 45.8

(1.80) 22.8

(0.90) 1,519.1

(59.81)

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 5.5 6.2 8.4 9.1 9.4 10.4 13.6
11.5 9.3 5.2 5.5 4.2 98.3

Average snowy days 1.7 1.4 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 1.1 5.2

Average relative humidity (%) 48.3 51.4 57.7 62.7 69.8 77.4 84.3 79.9
73.9 64.0 57.0 50.1 64.7

Mean monthly sunshine hours 199.0 182.5 193.0 210.0 221.7 179.7 165.8 200.9
167.2 208.9 194.4 204.3 2,327.3

Percent possible sunshine 63.6 59.3 52.0 53.6 51.1 41.4 37.5 48.2
44.9 59.6 62.6 67.0 52.3

Average ultraviolet index 2 4 6 7 9 10 10 10 8

5 3 2 6

Source: Korea Meteorological Administration[21][18][19] (percent sunshine and snowy days)[20]

and Weather Atlas[22]

Administrative divisions

In 1957, Busan adopted a division system with the creation of six gu (districts): Busanjin-gu, Dong-gu,
Dongnae-gu, Jung-gu, Seo-gu, and Yeongdo-gu. Today, Busan is divided into fifteen gu and one gun
(county).

Administrative divisions

Subdivision Korean Area (km2)

[23] Population

(January 2018)[24]

Buk-gu 북구; 北區 39.36 303,955

Busanjin-gu 부산진구; 釜山鎭區 29.70 372,922

Dong-gu 동구; 東區 9.73 90,668

Dongnae-gu 동래구; 東萊區16.63 271,350

Gangseo-gu 강서구; 江西區181.50 123,636

Geumjeong-gu 금정구; 金井區65.27 249,054

Haeundae-gu 해운대구; 海雲臺區 51.47 417,174

Jung-gu 중구; 中區 2.83 45,821

Nam-gu남구; 南區 26.81 278,681

Saha-gu사하구; 沙下區41.75 337,423

Sasang-gu 사상구; 沙上區36.09 233,443

Seo-gu 서구; 西區 13.93 111,906

Suyeong-gu 수영구; 水營區10.21 181,526

Yeongdo-gu 영도구; 影島區14.15 124,918

Yeonje-gu 연제구; 蓮堤區12.08 207,396

Gijang-gun 기장군; 機張郡218.32 164,546

Economy

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Hanjin Heavy Industries

Busan New Port

Busan is the 2nd largest city in Korea, a maritime logistics hub in Northeast Asia with its world-class
mega ports, and a gateway to the Eurasian continent.[25] In 2017, the maritime city recorded a
GRDP of US$758.4 billion with a per capita GRDP of US$22,000. The city's economy is made up of the
service industry (70.3%), manufacturing (19.8%), construction (5.9%), agriculture & fisheries (0.8%),
and other sectors (3.2%).

As the 6th largest port in the world, the port of Busan processed 21.81 million TEU of container
cargo volume in 2020. The port's container terminal has 43 berths - 20 berths at the North Port, and
23 berths at the Busan New Port (including 2 multi-purpose berths). The port is part of the 21st
Century Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast to Singapore, towards the southern tip
of India to Mombasa, from there through the Red Sea via the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean,
there to the Upper Adriatic region to the northern Italian hub of Trieste with its connections to
Central Europe and the North Sea.[26][27][28][29]
Moreover, the city is a center of marine science and R&D, and home to a number of relevant
institutions, such as the Korea Maritime Institute (KMI), the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and
Technology (KIOST), the National Fishery Products Quality Management Service, the Korea
Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA), and the Korea National Maritime Museum,
located in Dongsam Innovation Complex in Yeongdo-gu district. Moreover, the International
Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations (FIATA) World Congress is scheduled to be hosted in
Busan in 2020. (Busan New Port)

In addition, Busan is the city of festivals and film. A variety of festivals are held in the city throughout
the year. Following the Joseon Tongsinsa Festival (Registration of Documents on Joseon Tongsinsa
on the UNESCO Memory of the World Programme in 2017) and Busan Port Festival in May, the
Busan Sea Festival at Haeundae Beach, the largest beach in Korea, and the Busan International Rock
Festival take place in August. In particular, October is the perfect month to enjoy a variety of
festivals, such as the Busan International Film Festival, the largest film festival in Asia, the Busan
Fireworks Festival, and the One Asia Festival, a global K-pop music festival. In addition, G-Star, the
largest gaming exhibition in Korea, and e-Sports World Championship are hosted in November,
followed by the Busan Christmas Tree Festival in December. (Busan Fireworks Festival)

The city is also known for its global MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions)
industry. The city is ranked 5th in Asia and 10th in the world in terms of the number of international
conferences hosted in the city. The city's convention and exhibition zone boasts excellent conditions
and infrastructure to host large-scale international events, which includes BEXCO in Centum City,
Nurimaru APEC House, and luxurious hotels nearby beautiful natural environments. Major
international conferences in Busan include the 2005 APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, ASEAN–
Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit 2014, and 2018 African Development Bank Group Annual
Meetings. (BEXCO)

Moreover, Busan is also a center of finance. Korea Exchange (KRX), Korea's sole securities exchange
operator, is headquartered in Busan. The city is home to a number of financial institutions, such as
the Korea Technology Finance Corporation, Korea Asset Management Corporation, Korea Housing-
Finance Corporation, Korea Housing & Urban Guarantee Corporation, Korea Securities Depository,
Korea Maritime Guarantee Insurance, Maritime Finance Center, The Korea Shipping and Maritime
Transportation Co., Ltd, Korea Asset Management Corporation, and BNK Financial Group.

Seomyeon

Jagalchi Market

Commercial areas are dispersed throughout the city near busy intersections and adjacent to
university campuses, but the two largest central business districts in Busan are Seomyeon and
Gwangbok-dong/Nampo-dong. There are also four substantial shopping areas of note: Seomyeon,
Gwangbok-dong, Busan Daehak-ga in Jangjeon-dong, and Centum City in Haeundae-gu.

Seomyeon is the crossroads of Busan. The local subway station serves two lines and is one of the
busiest in the city. Seomyeon subway station is also home to a large number of underground shops,
selling a variety of products, predominately clothing and footwear. These are small boutique shops,
selling locally produced products. The local head offices of Korean and international banks are
located in Seomyeon. It is recognized as the ascendant shopping and entertainment district. It is also
home to "Seomyeon Medical Street", the district encompassing the 1 km-radius range around Lotte
Department Store in Seomyeon and the Buam subway station. The Street is home to a total of 160
cosmetic and other medical clinics, including those specializing in cosmetic surgery, dermatology,
ophthalmology and dentistry.[30][31] Directly adjacent to Seomyeon is Bujeon Market, the largest
traditional market in the city.

The Gwangbok-dong, Nampo-dong, and Jungang-dong areas form the old central business district.
Some of the restaurants in this district use family recipes passed down the generations. Jagalchi
Market, a large seafood market, is located in this area. The Gukje Market is also nearby. Jungang-
dong is the home of many international law offices, the old Immigration Office, and the international
ferry terminal serving Japanese routes. Lotte World II is currently under construction along the water
between Jungang-dong 7-Ga and 8-Ga.[32]

Centum City, an industrial complex, is a popular new shopping area with luxury department stores.

Busan has many major department stores, including Lotte Department Store (located in Seomyeon,
Centum City, Gwangbok-dong and Dongnae), Lotte Premium Outlet (in Gimhae and Gijang),
Shinsegae Premium Outlet (in Gijang), as well as large supermarket chains across the city, such as
Homeplus, e-mart, and Costco.

Busan's major 5-star hotels include; The Westin Chosun Busan, Paradise Busan, and Park Hyatt
Busan. In 2017, the 7-star Hilton Hotel and Ananti Cove resort opened in the Osiria Tourism
Complex, Gijang-gun district, drawing a number of guests from home and abroad.

Education

Universities with graduate schools

A panoramic view of Pusan National University.

Korea Maritime and Ocean University.

Busan University of Foreign Studies (BUFS)

Busan Presbyterian University

Busan National University of Education (BNUE)

Catholic University of Pusan

Dongseo University

Dong-A University

Dong-eui University

Friedrich-Alexander University Busan Campus[33] (German University in Korea)

Inje University – Busan Campus

Kosin University

Korea Maritime and Ocean University

Kyungsung University

Pukyong National University (PKNU)

Pusan National University (PNU)

Silla University

Tongmyong University

Youngsan University

Other institutes of higher education

Busan Arts College

Busan Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)

Busan Kyungsang College

Busan Polytechnic College

Daedong College

Dong-Pusan College

Dongju College

Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology

Foreign schools

Primary and secondary schools:

Busan Foreign Language High School (부산외국어고등학교)

Busan Foreign School[34] (Pre-Kindergarten through 12th Grade)

Busan Japanese School (釜山日本人学校, 부산일본인학교)

International School of Busan[35] ( Pre-Kindergarten through 12th Grade)

Overseas Chinese Elementary School Busan (韓國釜山華僑小學; 부산화교소학교)[36]

Overseas Chinese High School, Busan

Culture and attractions

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Busan not only features a variety of antique and souvenir shops, but also unique restaurants,
attractions and accommodations.

Parks, beaches, and highlights

Dadaepo Beach

Nampo-dong is a central shopping and café district. The area around Pukyong National University
and Kyungsung University also has many cafés, bars, and restaurants attracting college students and
youth.

Busan is called the summer capital of Korea since it attracts tourists from all over the country to its
six beaches. Luxury hotels and a carnival boardwalk line the beach at Haeundae. Gwangalli Beach
has cafés, bars, and restaurants along the beach, and the Grand Gwangan Bridge. Other beaches
include Dadaepo Beach on the west edge of the city and Songdo Beach, which is south-central.

Haeundae Beach is one of the most famous beaches in Korea. The 2009 film Tidal Wave (2009) is
about a tsunami hitting Busan at this beach.

Geumjeongsan to the west is a weekend hiking spot for Busan residents. To the north, the
neighborhoods around Pusan National University (also known as PNU, which is one of the most
highly recognized national institutes of higher education in Korea) have student theaters, cafés, bars
and restaurants, as well as open-air cultural street performances on weekend nights. Nearby is
Beomeosa, the city's main Korean Buddhist temple.

Yongdusan Park occupies 69,000 square meters/17 acres (7 ha) and is home to the Busan Tower,
Yongdusan Art Gallery, and the Busan Aquarium, the largest aquarium in South Korea. The park
supports approximately seventy different species of trees and is a tourist destination, with various
cultural events throughout the year.[37]
Dongnae-gu is a wealthy and traditional residential area. Dongnae Oncheon is a natural spa area
with many baths, tourist hotels, restaurants, clubs and shopping areas. Many restaurants in the area
use family recipes. Chungnyeolsa is a Confucian shrine for soldiers who died during the 16th century
battle against the Japanese at Dongnae Fortress.[38]

Taejongdae is a natural park with cliffs facing the open sea on the island of Yeongdo.

The area known as the "Foreigners' Shopping Street", but commonly referred to as "Texas Street"
near part of the Port of Busan, and adjacent to the front entrance to the Busan Train Station (부산
역) has many businesses that cater to the local Russian population, as well as the crews of foreign
ships. The area was originally the location of the local Chinatown and still contains a Chinese school.

Haedong Yonggung temple is one of three sacred places related to the Goddess Buddha. It is located
right next to the sea. It lies on a mountain in the front and the sea at the back.

Gamcheon Cultural Village was created in the 1950s as a residential community along a mountain
slope. The houses in the village are built in staircase fashion. The village, often dubbed as the ‘Machu
Picchu of Korea’, attracts many tourists. In addition, the village received special mention during the
3rd edition of the international award ceremony, “UCLG-MEXICO CITY-Culture 21

Nurimaru APEC House

Busan Citizens Park (formerly Camp Hialeah) is a former Imperial Japanese Army base and United
States Army camp located in the Busanjin District.

Dongbaek Island is located at the southern end of Haeundae Beach. The island creates a picturesque
scene in harmony with a thick forest of camellias and pine trees. Tourist attractions on Dongbaek
Island include a walking path and the Nurimaru APEC House, built for the 2005 APEC summit.

Huinnyeoul Culture Village was created when Korean War refugees flocked to this area. It provides
an unhindered view of both the Busanhang and Namhang Ports. A major backdrop of the 2013 film
The Attorney, the neighborhood was also featured in the 2012 film Nameless Gangster: Rules of the
Time. The small houses that stand shoulder to shoulder form the signature look of Busan, which is
often remembered as a city of the sea and hilly neighborhoods. The village continues to attract an
increasing number of visitors with its new cafes, workshops, and guesthouses.
Daejeo Ecological Park

Millak Waterfront Park is the first waterfront park in Korea, which combines the oceanfront with
public leisure facilities. The park is located between Haeundae Beach and Gwangalli Beach. The
waterfront park, with an area of 33,507m² , can accommodate as many as 40,000 visitors. The floor
of the park is decorated with colorful blocks, and the park provides visitors a perfect chance to relax,
and features flower gardens, gazebos, and benches. If you sit on the 3,040–wide stand, you can dip
your feet in the water during high tide.

With a length of 7.62 km (4.73 mi) and a size of 2.66 km2 (1.03 sq mi), designated as Natural
Monument No. 179, Daejeo Ecological Park is a habitat for migratory birds at the Nakdong River
Estuary. The estuary was chosen as a trial project for the Four Major Rivers Restoration Project. The
sports facilities were partially built on the upper and lower parts of the park only, while the rest of
the park underwent a restoration of its wetlands and natural grassland. In the garden inside the
park, you can find a large-scale habitat for prickly water lilies, which are part of the Endangered
Species Level II classification. Many interesting festivals, such as the Nakdong Riverside Cherry
Blossom Festival, the Busan Nakdong River Canola Flower Festival, and the [2] Daejeo Tomato
Festival are held around this park every year.

Ilgwang Beach is a long white-sand beach, extending for about 1.8 kilometers, and is particularly
popular among families with young children as a vacation spot because the waters are quite shallow.
Every summer, the Gaetmaeul Outdoor Drama Festival is held on this beach. The festival features
diverse performances of traditional Korean music, outdoor dramas, mime shows, and other
performance art forms.

Kiswire Museum offers its visitors a chance to better understand wire, a key material for industrial
development, and central to Kiswire's corporate philosophy. The museum won The 2014 Busan
Architecture Award for its aesthetic design. In addition, the roof of the museum is supported by only
38 cables without any pillars or beams, which makes the museum quite unique. In addition, the
museum features special art pieces, including artwork made with wires.

Jeonpo Café Street in Seomyeon, Busan is one of the busiest areas, with a variety of entertainment,
restaurants and shops. Across Seomyeon 1 Beonga (Seomyeon 1st Street), the busiest street in the
area, there is a quiet and tranquil street with about 30 unique cafés. Several years ago, the Bujeon-
dong and Jeonpo-dong areas were full of hardware stores and machine part suppliers. However,
since 2010 the area has been transformed into a trendy street full of cozy and hip cafés. Most of the
coffee shops are small cafés ran by individual owners. Such cafés offer the chance to enjoy a variety
of coffee beans and flavors.

Temples, religious and historical sites

Beomeosa Temple

Haedong Yonggungsa Temple

Beomeosa Temple

Busanjinjiseong Fortress (or Jaseongdae)

Cheonseongjinseong Fortress

Chungnyeolsa Shrine

Dongnaeeupseong Fortress

Dongnae Hyanggyo Confucian shrine-school

Dongnaebu Dongheon

Dongsam-dong Shell Mound

Fortress site of Jwasuyeong

Geumjeongsanseong Fortress

Haedong Yonggung Temple

Janggwancheong

Gungwancheong

Songgongdan Altar

Jeongongdan Altar

Samgwangsa Temple

Tumuli in Bokcheon-dong, Dongnae

United Nations Memorial Cemetery[39]

Waeseong in Jukseong-ri, Gijang

Yeongdo Bridge

Yeonggadae Pavilion

Yungongdan Altar

Arts

Busan Cinema Center, Dureraum.

Busan Exhibition and Convention Center

Busan hosts the Busan International Film Festival (BIFF)—one of the most popular international film
festivals in Asia—at the Busan Cinema Center every fall. It is also the home of the Busan Biennale, an
international contemporary art biennale which takes place every two years.

The city also hosts the One Asia Festival, the largest K-pop festival in Korea beginning in 2016,
positioning itself as the center of K-pop culture.[40]

In 2012, German artist Hendrik Beikirch painted Asia's tallest mural entitled“Fisherman Portrait” on
a building near Millak Raw Fish Town.[41]

Busan is home to 80 performance facilities consisting of 30 public ones, including the Busan Cultural
Center, Busan Citizens’Hall, Busan Cinema Center, and Busan National Gugak Center. There are 40
private facilities, such as KBS Art Hall Busan, Sohyang Art Center, MBC Samjoo Art Hall, Kyungsung
University Concert Hall, and Shinsegae Department Store Culture Hall.

Major Public performance facilities

This section is in list format, but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if
appropriate. Editing help is available. (August 2019)

No. Facility AddressNumber of Seats

1 Busan Cultural Center 1, UN pyeonghwa-ro 76 beon-gil, Nam-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea

2,389

2 Busan Citizens’ Hall Busan Citizen Hall, [48742] 16 133-beon-gil Jaseong-ro Dong-gu,
Busan, Republic of Korea 1,941

3 BEXCO Auditorium 55 APEC-ro, Haeundae-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea 2,644

4 Busan National Gugak Center 2, Gugak-ro (Yeonji-dong), Busanjin-gu, Busan, Republic of

Korea 974

5 Busan Cinema Center Haneulyeon Theatre 120, Suyeonggangbyeon-daero, Haeundae-

gu, Busan, Republic of Korea 841

6 Korea National Maritime Museum 45 Haeyang-ro 301beon-gil, Yeongdo-gu, Busan,

Republic of Korea 311

Museums

Museum of Contemporary Art Busan

Museums in Busan include:

Busan Museum

Busan Museum of Art

Museum of Contemporary Art Busan[42]

Busan Museum of Movies[43]

Busan Modern History Museum

Busan Marine Natural History Museum

Korea National Maritime Museum

Bokcheon Museum

Kiswire Museum[44]

Provisional Capital Memorial Hall

Trickeye Museum

United Nations Peace Memorial Hall

40-step Stairway Culture Center

Dongnae Eupseong History Museum

Traditional cuisine

A plate of a colorful pancake made with green scallions, sliced red chili pepper and chopped seafood

Dongnae pajeon

Busan was once a center of military affairs in the southern region of the peninsula and therefore was
an important site for diplomatic relationships with Japan; high-ranking officers and officials from the
court frequently visited the city. Special foods were prepared for the officers such as Dongnae
pajeon (동래파전), a variant of pajeon (Korean savory pancakes), made with whole scallions, sliced
chili peppers, and various kinds of seafood in a thick batter of wheat flour, glutinous rice flour, eggs,
salt and water.[45]

During the Korean War, Busan was the biggest refugee destination on the peninsula; people from all
regions of Korea went there. Some of these refugees stayed and adapted and adjusted the recipes of
their local specialties. One of these foods is milmyeon (밀면) (lit. 'wheat noodle') a version of
naengmyeon, cold buckwheat noodle soup, but using wheat flour instead. (Naengmyeon is originally
a specialty food of Hamhung and Pyongyang, now part of North Korea.[46][47]) Dwaeji gukbap (돼지
국밥) (lit. 'pork/pig soup rice') is also a result of Korean War. It is a hearty pork soup and is becoming
more popular nationwide.[48] Pork trotters served with vegetables such as cucumbers, onions, and
mustard sauce is popular and is called Nangchae-Jokbal.[49]

We can find a trace of authentic Busan in the popular fishcakes at the Bupyeong Market. Fishcakes
originally came from the Japanese food "Kamaboko". It is made of crushed and fried fish fillets.
Busan's fishcakes have gained their reputation from their special taste. More and more people are
taking food trips to Busan to taste the special fishcakes. Around 1 million travelers honor this food's
history by visiting one of the famous local fishcake stores.

The history of Choryang Galbi (pork ribs) goes back to the Korean War. Back then, ordinary people
gathered in the town of Choryang to have relatively cheap, but nutrient-packed pork ribs to
decompress from a long day of work. Still today, around 20 galbi restaurants uphold its history and
Choryang has become famous for its galbi street.

If you visit Busan, you must try the raw sliced mackerel. Around 80% of all mackerel in Korea are
caught in Busan. Mackerel can easily spoil, so it is best to eat raw right after it is caught. Visitors
should try the food and enjoy its fresh and delicious taste.

Hot spring resorts and spas

Busan has the largest hot spring resorts and facilities in Korea. Busan's Oncheon is the oldest hot
spring spa in Korea. It even has its own unique history, where long ago an old man with aching legs
was said to have seen an injured crane come to the hot spring and bath in it. After bathing in its
waters, the crane became completely cured and happily flew away. Upon seeing this, the old man
also bathed his aching legs in the water and was cured. Among the hot spas, ‘Dongnae Oncheon’ and
‘Haeundae Oncheon’ are the most famous ones. Today, the spas have an outdoor bath and sauna.

Spa Land (Haeundae-Gu)

HurShimChung Hot Spring Resorts and Spa Town (Dongnae-Gu)

Haeundae Hot Spring Resorts and Spa Towns (Haeundae-Gu)

Dongnae Hot Spring Resorts and Spa Towns (Dongnae-Gu)

Gwangalli Spa Towns (Suyeong-Gu)

Religion

Religion in Busan (2015)[50]

Not religious (53.2%)

Buddhism (28.5%)

Protestantism (12.1%)

Catholicism (5.4%)

Other (0.8%)

According to the census of 2015, 28.5% followed Buddhism and 17.5% followed Christianity (12.1%
Protestantism and 5.4% Catholicism). 53.2% of the population is irreligious.[50]
Communications

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appropriate. Editing help is available. (August 2019)

Station or Newspaper Types

Busan KBS TV, Radio

Busan MBC TV, Radio

KNN TV, Radio

Busan CBS Radio

Busan BBS Radio

Busan eFM Radio (English, Chinese)

Busan PBC Radio

Busan Ilbo Daily Newspaper

Kookje Shinmun Daily Newspaper

Sports

The city planned to bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics, but withdrew after the 2018 Winter
Olympics were awarded to Pyeongchang, also located in South Korea. The 2020 Summer Olympics
were eventually awarded to Tokyo.[51] It is currently considering bidding to host the 2032 Summer
Olympics.[52]

Sports teams and facilities

Club League Stadium Stadium Capacity Sports Type

Lotte Giants KBO League Sajik Baseball Stadium 28,500 Baseball

Busan IPark K League 2 Busan Asiad Stadium 53,864 Football

Busan KT Sonicboom KBL Sajik Arena 14,099 Basketball

Baseball

Sajik Baseball Stadium

Since 1982, the city has been home to the Lotte Giants, who play in the Korea Professional Baseball
league. In Korea, Busan is known as the capital of baseball and has a reputation for very enthusiastic
baseball fans.[53] For the first few years, the Lotte Giants utilized Gudeok Baseball Stadium as their
home. In the mid-1980s, they moved to Sajik Baseball Stadium, which was built as part of a sports
complex for the 1986 Asian Games.

Football

The city is home to a K League football club, the Busan IPark. The club was formerly known as the
Buan Daewoo Royals and was a successful team during the 1990s. Busan is also home to a National
League football club, the Busan Transportation Corporation.

Basketball

Busan is home of the Korean Basketball League team Busan KT Sonicboom, which plays at Sajik
Arena.

2002 FIFA World Cup

Busan Asiad Main Stadium.

The 2002 FIFA World Cup was the world's 17th FIFA World Cup, held from the 31st of May to the
30th of June 2002 at locations in South Korea and Japan. Busan hosted matches between France and
Uruguay, and ROK against Poland at the Busan Asiad Stadium.

2002 Asian Games

The 2002 Asian Games were held in Busan from September 29 to October 14, 2002. 9,900 athletes
from 44 countries competed in 38 sports. Many public sports complexes, university gymnasiums,
including Busan Asiad Stadium were used for the games’ venues. The mascot was a seagull, the city
bird of Busan named, “Duria”. East Timor took part in the games for the first time. As well, North
Korea also participated for the first time in an international event held in South Korea.

Festivals and events

Busan celebrates festivals all year round.

Month Annual Festivals and Events

January Busan Sunrise Festival,[54] Polar Bear Swimming Contest[55]

April Gwangalli Fishery(Eobang) Festival, Busan Nakdong River Yuchae (Canola) Flower
Festival[56]

May Busan Motor Show,[57] Busan Port Festival,[58] Busan Contents Market, Busan International
Short Film Festival,[59] Joseon Tongsinsa Korea-Janpan Exchange Festival,[60] Busan International
Performing Arts Festival[61]
June Haeundae Sand Festival, Busan International Dance Festival, Art Busan[62]

July Busan International Kids and Youth Film Festival,[63]

August Busan Sea Festival,[64] Busan International Rock Festival [ko],[65] Busan International Magic
Festival, Busan International Advertising Festival, Busan International Comedy Festival

September Busan Biennale, Busan Sea Art Festival, Busan Maru International Music Festival,
Busan Queer Festival [ko]

October Busan International Film Festival, Busan International Fireworks Festival, Busan
Jagalchi Festival, Asia Song Festival,[66] Busan One-Asia Festival, The Dongnae-eupseong History
Festival

November G-Star-Global Game Exhibition, Busan Choral Festival & Competition

December Busan Christmas Tree Festival

Medical facilities

Busan has many hospitals and clinics. Many cosmetic surgery, dermatological, ophthalmic, dental
clinics are concentrated in Seomyeon medical street.

Hospitals in Busan include Pusan National University Hospital with 1,300 beds in Ami-dong, Kosin
University Gospel Hospital with 957 beds in Amnam-dong, Dongnam Institute of Radiological &
Medical Sciences specializing in cancer treatment with 298 beds, Dong-A University Hospital with
999 beds in Dongdaesin-dong, Dong-eui Medical Center with 468 beds offering cooperative western
and oriental medicine treatment in Yangjeong-dong, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital with 837
beds in Gaegeum-dong, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital with 896 beds in Jwa-dong, Busan
Medical Center with 555 beds in Sajik-dong and Busan Veterans Hospital in Jurye-dong, Sasang-gu. In
particular, Seomyeon Medical Street, which first started construction in the Bujeon-dong area
beginning in 1990, has formed a cluster of more than 230 medical institutions, full of expertise, that
is difficult to find in other parts of the world. The “Seomyeon Medical Street Festival” has taken
place annually since 2012.

Major medical centers

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appropriate. Editing help is available. (August 2019)

Name of Hospital Number of beds

Pusan National University Hospital at Busan 1180[67]

Inje University Paik Hospital at Haeundae 1004[68]

Dong-A University Hospital 920[69]

Kosin University Hospital 912[70]

Busan St. Mary's Medical Center 716[71]

Dong-eui Medical Center 640[72]

Busan Baptist Hospital 608[73]

Busan Medical Center 591[74]

Maryknoll Medical Center 501[75]

Inje University Paik Hospital at Busan 898[76]

Wallace Memorial Baptist Hospital 380

Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences Cancer Center 304[77]

Transportation

Bus

Major express bus lines link Busan with other cities in Korea at two primary bus terminals, Nopodong
Bus Terminal [ko] (at the northern terminus of Subway Line 1) and Busan Seobu Bus Terminal [ko] at
Sasang Station on Subway Line 2.[78] 134 routes of urban bus service reach every part of Busan
Metropolitan City. (Busan Urban Bus [ko])

City buses

City buses operate a total of 160 routes. There are express buses connecting major areas quickly
through tunnels and overpasses and general city buses which make stops at each bus stop. There are
also airport buses connecting the Gimhae International Airport and the downtown area. Some of the
city buses of Busan's adjacent cities including Yangsan, Changwon, Gimhae and Ulsan also offer
service to Busan.

Gimhae Airport Limousine Bus

Gimhae Airport Limousine Bus is one of the fastest buses connecting Gimhae International Airport
and the downtown area. As of 2012, three routes are operated by Taeyoung Airport Limousine Corp.

- Nampo-dong: Gimhae International Airport ↔ Seomyeon, Busanjin Station, Busan Station, Nampo-
dong ↔ Chungmu-dong (Seo-gu Office)

- Haeundae No.1: Gimhae International Airport ↔ Namcheon-dong, BEXCO, Dongbaekseom

(Westin Chosun Busan), Haeundae ↔ New City (Jangsan Station)

- Haeundae No.2: Gimhae International Airport ↔ Namcheon-dong, Gwangan Bridge, Haeundae ↔

New Town (Jangsan Station) Express Bus

Intercity buses
Intercity buses to east Gyeongnam, Gyeongbuk, Gangwon and Gyeonggi Provinces are available at
the Busan Central Bus Terminal. Buses offering service to West Gyeongnam and Jeolla Province
depart from the Busan West Bus Terminal located in Sasang. Buses to the east Gyeongnam area,
including Ulsan, Gimhae and Changwon, the Seoul Metropolitan Area, including Osan, Suwon,
Ansan, Bucheon and Dong Seoul and the southern Gangwon area, including Donghae and
Gangneung are available at the Haeundae Intercity Bus Terminal. The Dongnae Intercity Bus
Terminal has buses to the central and southern Gyeongnam area, including Changwon, Gimhae,
Gosung, Tongyoung, and Geoje, as well as to Suncheon, Yeosu and Gwangyang.[79]

Sea

Busan Port Pier 1 with the International Ferry Terminal (3 docked ferries shown)

Ferries leaving from the International Ferry Terminal at Busan Port Pier 3,4 connect Busan to the
Japanese ports of Izuhara and Hitakatsu on Tsushima Island, as well as the cities of Shimonoseki,
Fukuoka, and Osaka on Japan's mainland.[80]

PanStar[81] operates the PanStar Ferry between Busan and Osaka.

The Seaflower 2, the ferry to Tsushima operated by Dae-a Express Shipping,[82] carries passengers
only between Busan and Hitakatsu in 1 hour 40 minutes and between Busan and Izuhara in 2 hours
40 minutes.

The Seonghee, operated by Pukwan Ferry,[83] links Busan to Shimonoseki.

One of the ferries to Fukuoka is the Camellia, operated by Camellia Line.[84] The Camellia makes the
trip to Fukuoka overnight in 7 hours 30 minutes, and trip back in the afternoon in 5 hours 30
minutes.

The other ferry service to Fukuoka is assumed by the Beetles and the Kobees, 2 fleets of high-speed
hydrofoils operated by Miraejet.[85] About five departures from each city are scheduled every day.
By hydrofoil it only takes 2 hours 55 minutes to cross the Korea Strait to Fukuoka. The Beetles are
owned by JR Kyushu.

National Railway

Busan lies on a number of rail lines, of which the most important is the Gyeongbu Line which
connects it to other major cities such as Seoul, Daejeon, and Daegu. All classes of trains run along
the Gyeongbu Line, including the superhigh speed KTX trains which provide frequent services to
Seoul in approximately 150 minutes. The Gyeongbu Line terminates at Busan Station. Other lines
include the Donghae Nambu Line which connects Ulsan, Pohang and Gyeongju.

SRT first launched in 2016 and runs along the Gyeongbu and Honam high-speed railways. SRT offers
a new gateway connecting the Gangnam area of Seoul with major cities. It is directly connected to
Subway Line 3 and the Bundang Line, enhancing accessibility to Subway Line 2, 5 and 8, as well as
the Shinbundang Line, and it is also located near the Dongbu Expressway that connects to other
major highways.

Metro

Busan Metro Line 2

Main article: Busan Metro

There are six subway lines as of January 2017. The transit stations are as follows: Seomyeon Station
(Line 1, 2) / Yeonsan Station (Line 1, 3) / Suyeong Station (Lines 2, 3) / Deokcheon Station (Lines 2,
3) / Minam Station (Lines 3, 4) / Dongnae Station (Lines 1, 4) / Sasang Station (Line 2, Busan - Gimhae
Light Rail Transit) / Daejeo Station (Line 3, Busan - Gimhae Light Rail Transit) / Busan National
University of Education Station (Line 1, Donghae Line) / Bexco Station (Line 2, Donghae Line) / Geoje
Station (Line 3, Donghae Line)

Air

Busan is served by Gimhae International Airport in Gangseo-gu. Gimhae International Airport is

connected by Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit.

Domestic flights

The Gimhae International Airport Domestic Terminal in Gangseo-gu provides flights to Gimpo, Jeju
and Yangyang.

International flights

The Gimhae International Airport in Gangseo-gu operates routes to Japan (Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka,
Fukuoka, Sapporo and Kitakyushu), China (Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang, Qingdao, Weihai and Yantai),
Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan (Taipei), Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar), Germany (Munich), Vietnam (Hanoi,
Ho Chi Minh and Da Nang), Thailand (Bangkok), the Philippines (Manila, Cebu and Calibo), Malaysia
(Kuala Lumpur, Kota Kinabalu), Cambodia (Siem Reap), Laos (Vientiane), Guam and Singapore.

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in South Korea

Twin towns – sister cities

Busan shares the title of sister city with several coastal cities or provinces around the world.[86]

Taiwan Kaohsiung, Taiwan (1966)

United States Los Angeles, U.S. (1967)

Japan Shimonoseki, Japan (1976)

Spain Barcelona, Spain (1983)

Brazil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (1985)

Russia Vladivostok, Russia (1992)

China Shanghai, China (1993)

Indonesia Surabaya, Indonesia (1994)

Australia State of Victoria, Australia (1994)

Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1995)

Mexico Tijuana, Mexico (1995)

New Zealand Auckland, New Zealand (1996)

Chile Valparaíso, Chile (1999)

Canada Montreal, Canada (2000)

South Africa Western Cape, South Africa (2000)

Turkey Istanbul, Turkey (2002)

United Arab Emirates Dubai, United Arab Emirates (2006)

Japan Fukuoka, Japan (2007)

United States Chicago, U.S. (2007)

Russia Saint Petersburg, Russia (2008)

Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia (2009)

India Mumbai, India (2009)

Greece Thessaloniki, Greece (2010)

Morocco Casablanca, Morocco (2011)

Philippines Cebu Province, Philippines (2011)

Myanmar Yangon, Myanmar (2013)

Poland Gdynia, Poland (2020)

Friendship cities

Busan has 11 friendship cities in six countries.[87]

China Shenzhen, China (2007)

China Tianjin, China (2007)

Japan Osaka, Japan (2008)

China Chongqing, China (2010)

Thailand Bangkok, Thailand (2011)

China Beijing, China (2013)

Japan Nagasaki, Japan (2014)

Iran Bandar Abbas, Iran (2016)

Mongolia Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (2016)

Panama Panama City, Panama (2016)

China Guangzhou, China (2019)

Sister ports

The Port of Busan also has 6 sister ports (listed in order of dates).[88]

United Kingdom – Port of Southampton, United Kingdom (1978)

United States – Port of Miami, U.S. (1981)

Japan – Port of Osaka, Japan (1985)[89]

Netherlands – Port of Rotterdam, Netherlands (1985)

United States – Port of New York & New Jersey, U.S. (1988)

China – Port of Shanghai, China (1994)

See also

40–step stairway

Busan International Film Festival

Busan–Geoje Fixed Link

Centum City, urban complex

Gwangan Bridge

Index of Korea-related articles

List of cities in South Korea

List of East Asian ports

Lotte Giants, local baseball team

Pusan Newport International Terminal

Busan shooting range fire [ko]

Notes
It is the 9th busiest in the world by cargo tonnage.[4]

This name is also encountered as "Pusan City" (Pusan-si)[10] and "Pusan Directly-Administered City"
(Busan-jikhalsi[11] or Pusan-chikhalsi).[12]

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GND: 4323346-6, 5028737-0ISNI: 0000 0004 5987 8563LCCN: n80013546MBAREA: c8a88ba5-5d4e-

4cbf-b8ab-dd0e6d99a940NARA: 10044485NDL: 00631359NKC: ge260684NLI: 000978212VIAF:
168171217WorldCat Identities: lccn-n80013546

2015 년 인구주택총조사 전수집계결과 보도자료 [2015 Population and Housing Census].

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Categories: BusanPopulated coastal places in South KoreaPort cities and towns in South KoreaSpecial
Cities and Metropolitan Cities of South Korea

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