Commmoning The Space - SidiHessine Workshop

Commoning the space
Transformation & adaptation processes in Tunisia

Insaf Ben Othmane H.
Founder Œcumene studio: Planning & Architecture For Dignity

24 November 2020
Commoning the space
Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned:

Named as: Informal ; Spontanious ; Ashwa’ey ; Non Regulatory …
Insaf Ben Othmane H. Founder Œcumene studio: Planning & Architecture For Dignity
Commoning the space
Our Context
The main root Cause
Tunisia?
ILLUSTRATIONS BY Fernando Neyra, Next City - Buenos Aires Auto-construction & Auto management
Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned
Transformation & adaptation processes in Tunisia Commoning the space
Brazil
Mexico
Egypt
Columbia
Algeria
Tunisia
ILLUSTRATIONS BY Fernando Neyra, Next City
ILLUSTRATIONS BY Fernando Neyra, Next City

Countries in the world by population (2020)
WorldMeters: Elaboration of data by United Nations

Brazil
Mexico
Egypt
Columbia
Algeria
Tunisia
Countries in the world by population (2020)

WorldMeters: Elaboration of data by United Nations

Commoning the space
Tunisia
Greater Tunis
11708370 2 426 000 hab.
70% >90% Urban
Urban Population
24 governorates 4 governorates
Fragmented City
Peri-urbanization
163,610 km² 2.6 km²
Macrocéphalie urbaine

Commoning the space
Regional imbalances
And Social inequalities
1
Infrastructures
2
Employment
3
Services
4
Safety

Commoning the space
Regional imbalances
And Social inequalities

Regional development index - 2015
Source: Déséquilibres régionaux et inégalités sociales en Tunisie, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 2018
Spatial / Territorial
Inequalities
Regional & inter-regional

Injustice in Tunisia is
fundamentally Spatial

Rational planning
Centralised State and Power
Entrepreneurial urbanism
Urbanism of Control

Rational planning
Patronal
Culture
Urbanism of Control

Rational planning

The State: The provider … The decision maker
Urbanism of Control

Rational planning

The State: The provider … The decision maker
Urbanism of Control

Extreme urbanism
The State: The provider Urbanism of Façades: Cache misère … The decision maker
Politique of : Laisser Faire

Extreme urbanism
Urban politics
State/Residents/Promoters/Organisations Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned
Extreme urbanism
Dominant Dominant Transitory
Control Tolerate Control / Monitoring
Bulldozer Riot Control Security
Urban politics
Power, institutions, individuals, policies
Commoning the space
Urban Development based on :

Power
Bad governance
Difference
Clientelism
Marginalisation
Momentum
Failure of Urban planning ?

Commoning the space

Power Resistance
Bad governance Informal Governance
Difference Urban clusters

Clientelism Informal economy
Marginalisation Local Networks of Solidarity
Momentum Regenerative Process

Commoning the space

HABITAT SPONTANE
AS FORM OF RESISTANCE
AS FORM OF ADAPTATION
AS REACTION
AS Natural {Community} Resilience

Commoning the space

The practices of the : Spontané / The informal = Common Culture of production of space
From
The State controlled Space is being: Hacked
To
The State controlled Space is planned to be Hacked

Commoning the space
Instead:
{ Habitat / Practice /spontané péri-urbain } M.Chebbi }
Parasite / Irregularity / Pathology

To:
{ Habitat d’émanation populaire} A.Deboulet

Habitat of Popular Emanation
All practices not only housing

Right for decent housing / BUS 5o’s / 60’s / 70’s
Right to the city 90’s / 20’s
Social Tensions
Precariousness
Poverty Touching more the middle Class => mass claims = No negotiations

Commoning the space
Ex: UN Ex: World Bank Ex: SDG/ Immigration

Foreign Policies /
International Donors
20’s
5o’s / 60’s / 70’s 90’s Public Space
Culture
Slums/Gourbis/
Solid construction Pépinière urbaine
Temporary squats
Women empowerment
Dualisme: Social Pact
Youth Employment
Auto-Management by
the people and civil
society
Planning What
? 5W
Planning for Whom
Who Decides ?
?
Follow Trends or Integrated

Planning: Complexity and
interconnectedness
The user / The owner / The Client = The beneficiary Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned
BASIC URBAN LOCAL ECONOMIC LAND & SHELTER &

SERVICES DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC REALM
Rational planning
Urbanism of Control

We should
acknowledge the Complicity
long-term social In systems
and environmental of thoughts
impacts of our
decisions

Commoning the space
Common production of Space Vulnerability

Exploitation
Habitat Spontané
Urban Resilience
Right to the city The public space VS Public space
Loose Space SS.patial Justice
Resistance to change
Urban activism
Covid-19 : The rebound ? Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned
Commoning the space
Integral Risk Management Scheme


Habitat Spontané/ Popular Emanation

Vulnerability
Exploitation
Loose Space
Self-
management Common production
SS.patial Injustice of Space
Public Space
Urban activism
Urban Resilience
Resistance to change
Right to the city
Inaction Poe’s
Covid-19 : The rebound

+/-
Spontaneous neighbourhoods or practices are a creative

hub for
Placemaking
Commoning
“Unplanned” resilient processes

Commoning the space
Need
Support
Social transformations
Effective policies
To Build Resilient Sustainable : Urbanité
(all sort of social interactions / Shared values)

Loose Space / (Public Space) meeting needs and desires

“The role of
public space in
moulding the city politics has
been extensively theorised and
studied. The shaping of citizenship
and the establishment of citizen
rights have been connected to
struggles over and in public space, as
well as to discourses that
problematize public space as a
constituent element of public
life.”
Stavros Stavrides, Towards an architecture of
Commoning

“The role of Where we dispute the

public space in
moulding the city politics has Common
been extensively theorised and
constituent element of public
life.”
Commoning

“The role of
public space in Where we dispute the
moulding the city politics has
been extensively theorised and Common
constituent element of public ->Open to forms of
life.”
contestation-
Commoning

SIDI Hessine
Is a self-contained urban World
[Self-governed?]
Crowd management
Commoning the space
To map Commoning practices and

Loose Spaces
Study urban Systems
Loose
space (public
space)
We need a social transformation as well

And to learn to appreciate what the residents have already built
Urban
Commoning

Negotiation process
Is possible
During this period :
Opportunity to have a

Loose
space (public
space)
Shared Authorship: Collective knowledge produced in plan and productive of place

& to Reshape relationships
Urban
Commoning
Renegotiating social / Spatial relations

Loose
space (public Peaceful reshape relationships in an endless process
space)
Urban
Commonly owned and managed spaces,
Commoning Shared ressources and responsibilities
Renegotiating social/ Spatial relations

Loose
space (public Peaceful reshape relationships in an endless process
space)
Build places around communities?

communities around place?
Urban
Commonly owned and managed spaces,
Commoning Shared ressources and responsibilities
Renegotiating social/ Spatial relations

Develop design
solutions to govern the
commons and leave
What? room for loose space
Who?
How?
Why?
Town Team Management

Commoning the space
Develop design
solutions to govern the
commons and leave

room for loose space
What?
Who?
How?
Why?
Town Team Management

“Pépinières urbaine”

Commoning the space
* The tree of today is tomorrow garden

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Commoning the space

Transformation & adaptation processes in Tunisia

Founder Œcumene studio: Planning & Architecture For Dignity

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned:

ILLUSTRATIONS BY Fernando Neyra, Next City

ILLUSTRATIONS BY Fernando Neyra, Next City

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Countries in the world by population (2020)

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

And Social inequalities

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

And Social inequalities

Source: Déséquilibres régionaux et inégalités sociales en Tunisie, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 2018

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Centralised State and Power

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Centralised State and Power

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Centralised State and Power

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Politique of : Laisser Faire

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Politique of : Laisser Faire

Politique of : Laisser Faire

Urban Development based on :

Failure of Urban planning ?

Urban Development based on :

Difference Urban clusters

Momentum Regenerative Process

Failure of Urban planning ?

Urban Development based on :

AS Natural {Community} Resilience

Failure of Urban planning ?

Commoning the space

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

{ Habitat / Practice /spontané péri-urbain } M.Chebbi }

Parasite / Irregularity / Pathology

{ Habitat d’émanation populaire} A.Deboulet

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Right for decent housing / BUS 5o’s / 60’s / 70’s

Right to the city 90’s / 20’s

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Ex: UN Ex: World Bank Ex: SDG/ Immigration

Planning for Whom

Follow Trends or Integrated

BASIC URBAN LOCAL ECONOMIC LAND & SHELTER &

Centralised State and Power

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Common production of Space Vulnerability

Right to the city The public space VS Public space

Loose Space SS.patial Justice

Integral Risk Management Scheme

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

Habitat Spontané/ Popular Emanation

Covid-19 : The rebound

Spontaneous neighbourhoods or practices are a creative

Embracing the Paradox of planning the Un-planned

(all sort of social interactions / Shared values)