Chapter 11

Muscles of the Body

 Structures of Skeletal Muscles

• Most muscles extend from one bone to

another and cross at least one joint.
• Origin – immovable end.
• Insertion – movable end.
• Belly – between origin and insertion.
• Tendon – a fibrous cord by which a muscle
is attached.
 Origin

Tendons

Belly

Insertion
Muscle Shapes:
Circular
Convergent
Parallel
Unipennate
Bipennate
Fusiform
Multipennate
 Arrangement of Skeletal Muscles

• Agonist “prime mover”: muscle that is

mainly responsible for a particular body
movement
• Antagonists: muscles that act in opposition
to a prime mover
• Synergists: muscles that assist the prime
move
• Fixator: provides stable base for agonist
 Nomenclature
Muscle are named according to their
*Location
*Shape
*Relative Size
*Direction/orientation of fascicles
*Attachment sites
*Number of insertions
*Action/function
 Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

• Extensor: action
• Carpi: joint acted upon
• Radialis: location
• Longus: relative length
Major Skeletal Muscles

Location
Origin and Insertion
Action
 Pectoralis minor & subclavius

Coracoid
process

Subclavius

Pectoralis
minor
 Serratus anterior

Digitations

Most of the
muscle fibres
converge at the
inferior angle of
Lateral view scapula
 winged scapula

Winged Scapula
 Trapezius

Upper fibres
Extensive
origin: head,
Middle fibres neck,
thoracic
vertebrae
Lower fibres

Posterior view
 Trapezius
Upper fibres

Acromion

Anterior view
Serratus anterior & trapezius act together to
rotate the scapula
Upper fibres of trapezius

Lower fibres
of serratus
anterior
Lower fibres of trapezius
 Latissimus dorsi

Latissimus
dorsi
Posterior view
 Levator scapulae & rhomboids

Levator scapulae

Rhomboid Medial border

minor of scapula

Rhomboid
major

Posterior view
KAY BYE!