Nurse Education Lesson Plan

LESSON PLAN 1
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF JOINT

Teacher : Nur Lisa Binti Hamzah

Programme : Diploma In Nursing
Subject : Anatomy and Physiology ( NHSA 1101)
Topic : Joints
Method : Lecture
Date & Time : 13 December 2010
: 0900 – 1000 hrs (1 hour)
Venue : Auditorium
Target Group : Year 1 Semester 5
No of students : 94 students
Prerequisites : Knowledge about anatomy and physiology of
knowledge musculoskeletal system

Learning outcomes :
General Objective

The student will be able to explain about

anatomy and physiology of joint

Specific Objectives

At the end of the class on anatomy and

physiology of joint the student will be able
to:

1. Define the joint

2. List the type of joint
3. Describe the structure and function of each
joint
4. Describe the type of movement of synovial
joint.
Teaching Aids • LCD.
• White board
• White board markers
• Pen & paper
• Handout
• References book

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References :
Tortora, G J., Derrickson, B.,(2010). Essential of
Anatomy and Physiology (8th ed.). Asia :
John Wiley & Son.

Tortora, G J., Derrickson, B.,(2009). Principle of

Anatomy and Physiology (12th ed.). Asia :
John Wiley & Son.

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LESSON PLAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF JOINT

TIME CONTENT METHODOLOGY AUDIO EVALUAT

VISUAL ION/
AID QUESTION

TEACHER STUDENT
ACTIVITY ACTIVITY

30sec 1. INTRODUCTION Greet and

introduce myself
Give the rule in
the classroom.
5min 2. SET INDUCTION Listen Slide 1
Q/A Q : What you
Feedback can see from
Perform two way this picture?
communication
Students’
1- Show the answers
picture

2- Ask the
student to
give an
idea about
the picture .

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Reinforcement

3 LEARNING OUTCOMES Listen Slide 3

2min
At the end of the class on anatomy and physiology of
joint the student will be able to:

1. Define the joint

2. List the type of joint
3. Describe the structure and function of each
joint
4. Describe the type of movement of synovial
joint.
Slide 4
5. List the type of synovial joint

1min Listen Slide 5

Defination of Joints 1- Show the
picture of joint
• Joint is the site at which any two or more (figure 1)
bones articulate or come together
• Joints allow flexibility and movement of the
skeleton and allow attachment between bones.

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figure 1
Types of joint Slide 6
1min Explanation Listen
1) Joint are classified structurally, based on their
anatomical characteristic
2) Functionally, based on the type of movement
they permit

3min 1) Structural Slide 7

Based on two criteria Explanation Listen
i. The presence or absence of a space
between the articulating bones, called
synovial cavity
ii. The type of connective tissue that binds
the bones together
iii. Structurally joints are classified as
below: Slide 8
a- Fibrous joint : the is no synovial Slide 9
cavity, and the bone are held

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together by dense irregular

connective tissue that is rich in
collagen fibers.
b- Cartilaginous joints : there is no
synovial cavity and the bones are Slide 10
held together by cartilage
c- Synovial joints : the bones forming
the joint have a synovial cavity and Slide 11
are united by the dense irregular
connective tissue of an articular
capsule, and often by accessory
ligaments.

1min 2) Functional Explanation. Listen Slide12

i. Relates to the degree of the movement
they permit
ii. Classified as below
a- Synarthrosis : an immovable joint
b- Amphiarthrosis : a slightly movable
joint
c- Diarthrosis : a freely movable joint

2min Recap : Ask question Listen Q: what is the

to the student classification of
Answer the joint?
question
1min Fibrous joint Explanation Listen Slide 13
• Permit little or no movement
• 3 types
i. Suture

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ii. Syndesmosis
iii. Interosseous membrane

1min 1- Suture 1- Show the Listen Slide 14

• Is a fibrous joint composed of a thin picture of
layer of dense irregular connective suture to
tissue the student
• Occur only between bone of the skull 2- Stress on
• Classified as an amphiarthrosis the
(slightly moveable) in infant location of
• Synarthrosis ( immovable) in older the joint.
individual

Slide 15

1min 2-Syndesmosis Explanation Listen Slide 16

• There is a greater distance between the
articulating surfaces and more dense Show the picture
irregular connective tissue
• Eg: distal tibiofibula joint

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• Permit slight movement

(amphiarthrosis)

Slide 17

• Another type is gomphosis or

dentoalveolar joint
• Only in between the roots of
teeth and their socket Slide 18

1min 3- Interosseous Explanation Listen Slide 19

• A substantial sheet of dense irregular
connective tissue that bind neighboring Show the picture

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long bones and permits slight

movement (amphiathrosis)
• Only in between radius and ulna, and
also tibia and fibula.

Slide 20

2min Recap Ask question to Listen Q1: which fibrous

the student joint are
Answer the synarthroses
question Q2 : which fibrous
join are
amphiarthroses?
1min Cartilaginous joints Explanation Listen Slide 21
• Also allow little or no movement
• Articulating bones are tightly connected by Show the picture

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either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

• Two types :
i. Synchondrosis
ii. Symphisis Slide 22

1min 1- Synchondrosis Explanation Listen Slide 23

- is a cartilagionous joint which the
connecting material is hyline cartilage Show the picture
- is a synarthosis ( immovable joint)

Slide 24

- Slide 25
1min 2- Symphisis Explanation Listen Slide 26
- Is a cartilaginous joint in which the ends of
articulating bone are covered with hyline Show the picture
cartilage, but the bones are connected by a
broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage
- Is an amphiarthrosis (slightly move)
Slide 27
Slide 28

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2min Recap Ask question to Listen Q1 : what kind of

the student Answer the join is this?
question Q2: which fibrous
joint are
synarthroses
Q3 : which fibrous
join are
amphiarthroses?
1 min Synovial joint Explanation Listen Slide 29
• A synovial joint contains a synovial cavity
• All synovial joint are diarthroses Show the picture

General structure.
Slide 30
• Other characteristics of a synovial joint are
the presence of articular cartilage and

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articular capsule, made up of a fibrous

membrane and a synovial membrane
• The synovial membrane secretes synovial
fluid, which forms a thin, viscous film over
the surfaces within the articular capsule
• Many synovial joint also contain accessory
ligaments and articular discs

Slide 31

• Bursae are saclike structure, similar in

Slide 32
structure to joint capsule, that reduce
friction in joins such as the shoulder and
knee joint

2min Recap Ask question to Listen Q1 : what kind of

the student joint is this?
Answer the Q2:what are the

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question function of synovial

fluid?
1 min Types of movement at synovial joints Explanation Listen Slide 33
i. Gliding
ii. Angular movement
iii. Rotation
iv. Special movement

1min 1- Gliding movement Explanation Listen Slide 34

- The near flat surface or bones glides or
slips over another bone Show the picture

Slide 35

Slide 36

1min 2- Angular movement Explanation Listen Slide 37

- there is a change in the angle between bones
- examples are flextion- extension, Show the picture
hyperextension, abduction-adduction and
circumduction

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Slide 38

flextion.

Slide 39

extension

Slide 40

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hyperextension

Slide 41

dorsiflextion

Slide 42

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abduction,adduction,circu
mduction

1min 3- Rotation Explanation Listen Slide 43

- A bones moves around its own longitudinal
axis Show the picture

Slide 44

rotation
2min Special movement Explanation Listen Slide 45
- Occur at specific synovial join at the body
- Examples are elevation-depression, Show the picture
protraction-retraction,invertion-
eversion,dorsiflextion-plantar flextion, and
supination-pronation

Slide 46

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Slide 47

Slide 48

Slide 49

Slide 50

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Slide 51

2min Recap Ask the student to Listen

demo movement
at synovial joint Return
demo
1min Types of synovial joint Explanation Slide 52

1- Planar
2- Hinge
3- Pivot
4- Condyloid
5- Saddle
6- Ball – and – socket
1 min 1- Planar Explanation Listen Slide 53
– the articulating space are flat and glides over
another. Show the picture

1min 2- Hinge Explanation Listen Slide 54

- The convex surface of one bone fits into
the concave surface of another Show the picture

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- Allow only extension and retraction

1min 3- Pivot Explanation Listen Slide 55

- A round or pointed surface of one bone fits
into a ring formed by another bone and a Show the picture
ligament
- Movement is rotational

-
1min 4- Condyloid joint Explanation Listen Slide 56
- An oval protection of one bone fits into an
oval cavity of another Show the picture
- Motion is angular around two axes Listen

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1min 5- Saddle Explanation Listen Slide 57

- The articular surface of one bone is
shaped like a saddle and the other bone Show the picture
fits into the “saddle” like a sitting rider
- Motion is angular around three axes

1min 6- Ball-and-socket Explanation Listen Slide 58

- The ball shape surfaces of one bone fits
into the cuplike depression of another Show the picture
- Motion is around three axes

2min Mini closure Ask question to Listen Q : how many

the student Answer the types of synovial
question joint?
5 min Closure evaluation Listen
Quiz Answer the
quiz

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