INTERPOL

International Criminal Police Organization (I.C.P.O.) or Interpol = is the police forces organization
that primarily manifest global or international cooperation in addressing transnational crime. Its
headquarters was initially located in Vienna Austria (it is where Interpol was founded) but at present it
is transferred to Lyon France.

= is the world’s largest international police organization, with 190 member countries. It exists to help
create a safer world by supporting law enforcement agencies worldwide to combat crime.

= It aims to facilitate international police co-operation, and supports and assists all organizations,
authorities and services whose mission is to prevent or combat internal crime.

= the organization of law enforcement agencies worldwide that serves as transmission or communication
line for the exchange of information, data and request for assistance between and among the member
countries.

= It focuses on: (1) Combat crimes and transnational crimes; (2) protect minorities against the
dominant groups; and (3) Maintain law enforcement regardless of race or religion.

= INTERPOL today has a global membership of 194 countries. Each country maintains a National
Central Bureau (NCB), staffed by national law enforcement officers.

Africa = 54 National Central Bureaus

America = 44 National Central Bureaus
Asia and South Pacific = 49 National Central Bureaus
Europe = 51 National Central Bureaus

INTERPOL’ s Structure
1. General Assembly
2. Executive Committee
3. General Secretariat
4. National Central Bureaus
5. Advisers
6. The Commission for the Control of INTERPOL’s Files.

INTERPOL’ s Structure
1. General Assembly = is the supreme governing body of the Interpol, it meets annually and comprises
delegates appointed by each member country. The assembly takes all important decisions related to
policy, resources, working methods, finances, activities and programmes.

2. Executive Committee = consisting of 13 members elected by the General Assembly and comprises
the president, three vice –presidents and nine delegates covering the four regions.
It is the INTERPOL’s select deliberate organ which meets three times a year, usually in March,
July and immediately before the General Assembly.

3. General Secretariat (based in Lyon, France) = operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year and is run by
the Secretary General. It Works with Officials of more than 80 countries side-by-side using four official
languages:
1. Spanish
2. Arabic
3. French
4. English
It consists of seven (7) regional offices across the world namely: Argentina, Cameron, Cote
D’Ivoire, Kenya, El Salvador, Thailand, and Zimbabwe.

4. National Central Bureaus (NCB) = Each INTERPOL member country maintains a National
Central Bureau staffed by National law enforcement officers. The NCB is the designated contact point
for the General Secretariat, regional offices and other member countries requiring assistance with
overseas investigations and the location and apprehension of fugitives.
5. Advisers = these are experts in a purely advisory capacity, who may be appointed by the Executive
Committee and confirmed by the General Assembly.

6. Commission for the Control of INTERPOL’ File (CCF) = this is an independent body whose
mandate is threefold:
(1) to ensure that the processing of personal information by INTERPOL complies with the
Organization’s regulations,
(2) to advice INTERPOL on any project, operation, set of rules or other matter concerning the
information contained in INTERPOL’S files.

INTERPOL’s Governance = comprises the General Assembly and the Executive Committee, which is
headed by the President.

The President of the Organization is elected by the General Assembly for a period of four (4)
years.

Oskar Dressler = the first secretary general of the Interpol.

Jurgen Stock – present secretary general from germany

Johann Schober = the first president of the Interpol.

Kim Jong Yanf grom South Korea – present president

Ronald K. Noble = Current Secretary General. First elected on 3 November 2000 by INTERPOL’s
General Assembly, Mr Noble became the youngest secretary general at the age of 44 in INTERPOL’s
history. He was elected for the second time in 2005. And was re-elected by an overwhelming majority to
serve a third five-year term in 2010.

MireilleBallestrazzi = current President; elected at the INTERPOL General Assembly held in Rome in
November 2012. She will serve as President until 2016. First woman President of the INTERPOL.

INTERPOL’S NOTICE
1. Red Notice – a notice which is issued to seek the arrest or provisional arrest of wanted persons with a
view to extradition.

2. Blue Notice – this type of notice is issued in order to locate, identify or obtain information on a
person of interest in a criminal investigation.

3. Yellow Notice – to help locate missing persons, often minors, or to help identify persons who are
unable to identify themselves.

4. Green Notice – to warn about a person's criminal activities if that person is considered to be a
possible threat to public safety.

5. Orange Notice – to warn of an event, a person, an object or a process representing an imminent

threat and danger to persons or property.
6. Black Notice – a notice issued to seek information on unidentified bodies.
7. Purple Notice – issued to provide information on modus operandi, objects, devices and concealment
methods used by criminals.
8.INTERPOL–United Nations Security Council Special Notice – is issued for individuals and entities
that are subject to UN sanctions.

INTERPOL’s FOUR CORE FUNCTIONS

1. Secure Global Police Communications Services
INTERPOL developed the I-24/7 = global police communications system to exchange crucial data
quickly and securely is a cornerstone of effective international law enforcement.

2. Operational Data Services and Databases for Police

INTERPOL provides operational data services and databases for police to fight international
crime, police need access to information which can assist investigations or help prevent crime.
INTERPOL manages several databases, accessible to the INTERPOL bureaus in all member countries
through its I-24/7.

3. Operational Police Support Services

a. 24-Hour Support
The Command and Co-ordination Centre (CCC) operates round the clock in all of
INTERPOL’s four official languages (English, French, Spanish and Arabic) and serves as the first point
of contact for any member country faced with a crisis situation.

b. Crisis Response and Major Events

In the event of a disaster or major crime, INTERPOL Response Teams or Disaster Victim
Identificationteams composed of officers from the General Secretariat and member countries can be
dispatched to the scene within hours of an event.

c. International Alert System

An important component of INTERPOL’s operational police support is the notice system, of
which the Red Notice for wanted persons is the most well known. In addition to the six color-coded
notices (Red, Blue, Green, Yellow, Black and Orange), is the INTERPOL-United Nations Special Notice
issued for groups or individuals who are the targets of UN sanctions against Al Qaeda and the Taliban.

d. Analyzing Crime Data

Criminal intelligence analysisis recognized by the law enforcement community as a valuable tool,
helping to provide timely warning of threats and operational police activities. INTERPOL contributes
to investigations by assisting officers working at the General Secretariat and in member countries with
research and analysis on crime trends and with training courses in criminal analysis techniques.

Divisions of Criminal Intelligence Analysis

a. Operational Analysis = aims to achieve a specific law enforcement outcome. Usually, it has
immediate benefit
b. Strategic Analysis = provides early warning signals of threats and to support decision making in
setting priorities to deal with criminal issues

4. Police Training and Development

As one of the 4 INTERPOL core functions, Police Training and Development continues to evolve
as a priority for INTERPOL and member countries.

The following are channels of global bilateral and multilateral international cooperation against
transnational crime:
1. Global multi-lateral cooperation via Interpol;
2. Bilateral police cooperation agreements with individual states;
3. European multilateral cooperation via Europol.

Extradition Distinguished from Deportation

 Extradition is the surrender of a fugitive by one state to another where he is wanted for
prosecution or, if already convicted for punishment. The surrender is made at the request of the
latter state on the basis of an extradition treaty.
 Deportation is the expulsion of an alien who is considered undesirable by the local state, usually
but not necessarily to his own state. Deportation is the unilateral act of the local state and is
made in its own interests.