Module 3: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 3: February 15 – 19, 2021

SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

I. Introduction
This Module is a continuation of Module 2, where we discuss the properties and the Addition, subtraction
and Multiplication operations on complex numbers, this time we are now going to apply the operation of
division and power of complex numbers.

I. Subject Matter
Complex Numbers: Division and Power of a complex number
II. Learning objectives
• Students be able to Recognize the different properties of a complex number (Knowledge)
• Students be able to Evaluate the operations on complex numbers (skill)
III. Examples and Discussions

Topic3.2: Operations of Complex Number

• Division of Complex Numbers.

𝟐𝟎−𝟒𝒊
Example1: Evaluate 𝟐
(Divided by a constant)
20 4
2
− 2𝑖

𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟐𝒊.
𝟏𝟓+𝟐𝟎𝒊
Example2: Evaluate 𝟓𝒊
(Divided by a pure imaginary)
15 20𝑖
5𝑖
+ 5𝑖
3 𝑖 3𝑖 3𝑖
( 𝑖 ∙ 𝑖) + 4 = 𝑖2 + 4 = −1 + 4

−3𝑖 + 4
𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝟒 − 𝟑𝒊.

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Module 3: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 3: February 15 – 19, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

𝟐+𝟑𝒊
Example3: Evaluate . (Divided by a complex number)
𝟏−𝟓𝒊

Quick test: do Exercise 1 on the exercises content on a ½ crosswise sheet of paper.

• Power and Roots of Complex Numbers.

Example4: Given 𝑧 = 2 − 𝑖. Evaluate 𝑧 2

Sol:

𝑧 2 = (2 − 𝑖)2 Rewrite the problem to equation

= (2 − 𝑖)(2 − 𝑖) apply the FOIL method

= 4 − 2𝑖 − 2𝑖 + 𝑖 2 𝑖 2 = −1
= 4 − 4𝑖 − 1 Combine like terms

𝒛𝟐 = 𝟑 − 𝟒 Final Answer

For problems like this solving for the power is still convenient, but
what if were asked for the complex number raised to 5? 10? Or the
cube root of a complex number? For this kind of problems, we can
use the De Moivre’s Theorem

𝒏
𝒛𝒏 = (𝒓𝒆𝜽𝒊 )

= 𝒓𝒏 𝒆𝒏𝜽𝒊
= 𝒓𝒏 ∠𝒏𝜽

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Module 3: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 3: February 15 – 19, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

Example5:

Example6:

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 Module 3: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 3: February 15 – 19, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

Example7:

In general, when finding the nth root of a complex number, there are n solutions. For example, there are three solutions
to a cube root, five solutions to a fifth root, and so on. In the solutions to the roots of a complex number, the modulus, r,
is always the same, but the arguments, θ, are different. It is shown in Problem 6 that arguments are symmetrically spaced
on an Argand diagram and are (360/n)◦ apart, where n is the number of the roots required. Thus if one of the solutions to
the cube root of a complex number is, say, 5∠20◦, the other two roots are symmetrically spaced (360/3)◦, i.e. 120◦ from
this root and the three roots are 5∠20◦, 5∠140◦ and 5∠260◦

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 Module 3: Advance Engineering Mathematics Week 3: February 15 – 19, 2021
SY: 2020-2021 /Second Sem/BS ECE2

Quick test: do Exercise 2 on the exercises content on a ½ crosswise sheet of paper.

IV. Exercises
Exercise 1: Given 𝑍 = 8 − 12𝑖 & 𝑐 = 1 − 𝑖, determine the values of the following
a. 𝑧/4
b. 𝑐/𝑧
c. 𝑧/𝑖
Exercise 2:
1. Given: 𝑧 = 5 + 2𝑖, evaluate:
a. 𝒛𝟑
b. √𝒛

V. Assessment/Evaluation
Write your answer on a 1 whole sheet of paper, and follow the format.

Name: __________________ Date passed: ___________

Course & yr. level: _______________ Score: ____________

Directions: Read the instructions carefully before answering.

I. Given: 𝑧 = 1 + 𝑖
𝑐 = 2 − 3𝑖
𝑑 = −1 + 2𝑖
determine the values of the following
a. 𝑐/𝑧
b. 𝑧/𝑖
c. 𝑑/2
d. 𝑧 4
e. 𝑐 −1
f. 𝑑1/2

|𝑧 3 𝑐|
Bonus question: Evaluate
𝑑̅ −𝑐
VI. Learning Resources/References
• Khan Academy website and youtube
• Math-Only-Math.com
• Higher Engineering Mathematics 8th edition by John Bird
• Precaculus: Mathematics for Calculus 7th edition by James Stewart
• Brilliant.org

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