English Stress

System
By : Group 4 Pronounciation
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Sharfina Ghaisani Zhara Nur Irfan Himmaturafi

Rulsyah
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Nadiah Shafa Mutiara Ariesta

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Table of Contents

01 English Stress
Definition 02 English Stress
System (Word)

03 English Stress 04 English Stress

System (Shifting
System
(Sentence) Press)

05 Describing
stress in units of
speech
 English Stress System
Stress is relative emphasis that may be given to certain
syllables in a word, or to certain words in phrase or
sentence. In English, stressed syllables are louder than
non-stressed syllables. Also, they are longer and have a
higher pitch.

English is a stress-timed language. That means that

stress syllables appear at roughly steady tempo,
whereas non-stressed are shortened
How To use English Stress
Stress is not the same
thing as a prominence,
In every syllable there is one sound, it is an important
generally, though not always,a element contributing to
vowel. Which stands out from its prominence other
lenght and intonation
neighbours and forms a point of
greatest prominience in the
syllable, called “syllabic” and is
therefore “more strongly stressed”
In Connected speech
we may make use of
any one of the three
The degree of stress is that sound-attributes,
classified into LENGHT, STRESS, or
STRONGLY STRESSED INTONATION, or
(stressed) and WEAKLY COMBINATION
STRESSED (unstressed
– secondary stress)
 English Stress System (Words)
STRESS IN TWO-SYLLABLE WORDS
To understand word stress, it helps to understand NOUN / VERB
syllables. Every word is made from syllables. Each word
has one, two, three or more syllables. ADJECTIVE
What the connection between syllables and stress? PICTURE DECIDE
Think about the word Banana. Banana has three
syllables. Do you pronounce all the syllables the same DOCTOR FORGET
ba-na-na? No, you dont. one syllable is stronger: ba-NA- MONEY EXPLAIN
na. This is stress.
If a word has one syllable, you don’t need to think HAPPY ARRIVE
about stress. But, if a word has two syllables or more, YELLOW REPEAT
one syllable is always stressed; it has a strong, clear
pronunciation. FORMAL PRODUCE
When you look up a word, you can find the stress by
looking at the phonetic transcription. The think that Note: The most noun and adjective
looks like an apostrophe (‘) shows you where the stress is. with two syllables have the stress on
the first syllable, and most verbs have
When you see the apostrophe, the next syllable is the
the stress on the second syllable.
stressed syllable.
Stress in Longer Word
(A) In three-syllable words, the stress can be anywhere;
1. it can be beginning (anyone, beautiful, possible)
2. it can be in the middle ( computer, tomorrow, expensive)
3. it can be at the end ( afternoon, employee, japanese)

(B) In words with four or more syllables, the stress is almost always in the middle of the word,
not on the first or last syllable. For example: information, communicate, photographer.

(C) If the word ends -tion,-sion, or -cian, and -ic, then the stress is always on the second last
syllable. For example: informatin, discussion, politician, economic, dramatic, atlantic.

(D) If a word ends with the letter -y and has three or more syllables, the the stress is two
syllables before the last one. For example: biology, luckily, activity, possibility.

(E) If a longer word is a made from a shorter root word, then the stress is generally in the
same place as the root word. For example: comfort, comfortable, discomfort, uncomfortable,
comfortably, comforting. (In all these words, the stress is in the same place as the root word,
comfort).
English Sentence Stress
Sentence stress is the music of spoken English. Like word
stress, sentence stress can help us to understand spoken
English, especially when spoken fast.

Sentence stress is what gives English its rhythm or “beat”.

You remember that word stress is accent on one syllable
within a word. Sentence stress is accent on certain words
within a sentence.
English Sentence Stress
Rules basic of sentence stress are :

1. Content words are stressed.

nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.

2. Gramatical words are unstressed.

a, an, the, is, etc.

English Sentence Stress
Classification of sentence stress :

1. Sense stress

The distribution of such stress is subject to the meaning

that the speaker wishes to convey.

❑ We WANT to GO
(The information is WANT and GO)

❑ We WANT to GO to WORK
(The Information is WANT, GO, and WORK)
English Sentence Stress
2. Logical stress

The distribution of logical stress is subject to the speaker’s

will. The speaker’s puts stress on any word he wishes.

❑ It’d be a CHANGE of view AT LEAST.

(The information is CHANGE and AT LEAST)

❑ I think they WANTED to TRAMPLE me!

(The information is WANTED and TRAMPLE)

English Sentence Stress
3. Emotional stress

The distribution of emotional stress is when the speaker

wants to show strong emotion, he can put strong stress on
the word he wishes to emphasize.

❑ It’s WONDERFUL

(The information is WONDERFUL)

❑ I feel GREAT today !

(The information is GREAT)

English Stress System (Shifting Press)
Example
Shifting stress is a - V : accuse/ əˈkjuːz/
displacement and (menuduh, mendakwa)
- V : Acknowledge /
emphasis of syllable in a
/əkˈnɑː.lɪdʒ/ menjawab,
word
mengakui

The Empahsis of the syllable can move depending on the

position. Because there is a Vocabulary that can be a verb,
noun, adverb, and the reading is different even throught the
vocabulary is the same or similiar
Describing In Units of Speech
• What is Stress in Speech
In phonetics, stress is the degree of
emphasis given a sound or syllable in speech, also
called lexical stress or word stress. English has
variable (or flexible stress. This means that stress
patterns can hel distinguish the meanings of two
words or phrases that otherwise appear to be the
same
For example, in the phrase “every white house”,
the words “white and “house” receive roughly
equel stress; however, when we refer to the
official home of the American president, “the
White House”. The word White is usually
stressed more heavily than House
Thanks!