Q1.

          Space

(a)     The diagram shows how the Earth moves.

(i)      How long does it take the Earth to orbit the Sun?

  ...............................  days
1 mark

(ii)     How long does it take for the Earth to spin once on its axis?

  ............................................................................................................
1 mark

(b)     Which diagram shows the correct shape of the Moon?

          Tick ONE box.

1 mark

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 (c)     On March 2nd 1999, there was a full moon.

When the Moon orbited the Earth again, there was another full moon.

Put an X on the calendar by the date of the next full moon.

Calendar: March 1999

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
full moon

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30 31        

1 mark

Q2.          Earth and space

(a)     How long does it take for the Earth to orbit the Sun?

  .....................................................
1 mark

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 (b)     Jan makes a model of the Earth and the Sun to show day-time and night-time.
She uses a lamp for the Sun and a ball for the Earth.

Which of the following correctly shows day and night in this model?

Tick ONE box.

6
1 mark

(c)     How must Jan move the ball to show how one place on Earth has day-time and
night-time?

Tick ONE box.

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 1 mark

(d)     Jan draws this diagram to show how the Earth orbits the Sun.

Draw the orbit of the Moon on Jan’s diagram.

1 mark

Q3.          Planet Earth

(a)     A long time ago, people thought that the Earth was flat.

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 Now we know that planet Earth is not flat.

What shape is planet Earth?

  ......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b)     A long time ago, scientists had different ideas about the Sun and the Earth.

Now we know that only some of their ideas are true.

Tick ONE box in each row on the table below to say whether
each idea is true or false.

Idea True False

The Earth goes around the Sun.    

The Earth spins on its axis.    

The Sun is hidden behind the    

Moon at night.

The Sun orbits the Earth.    

Night is dark because thick    

clouds cover the Sun.

2 marks

(c)     The diagram below shows clouds over different parts of the Earth.

Rain is falling from the clouds.

(i)     Draw an arrow from each cloud to show the direction of gravity acting on the
rain.

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 1 mark

(ii)     Explain why you have drawn the arrows in this way.

In your answer write about the force of gravity.

  ............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................
1 mark

Q4.          Isaac Newton

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 (a)     Isaac Newton was a famous scientist who was born in 1642.

There is a famous story about Newton watching an apple fall from a tree.

Newton thought a force must cause the apple to fall.

Tick ONE box to show which force on the apple causes it to fall down from the tree.

a pulling force a pushing force

towards the tree from the apple

a pulling force a pushing force

towards the Earth from the air

1 mark

(b)     Newton did different investigations to test his ideas.

Why was it important for Newton to test his ideas using investigations?

  .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c)     Newton realised that the force which made the apple fall to the ground also causes

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 the Earth to orbit the Sun.

Name the force that causes the Earth to orbit the Sun.

  ..........................................................
1 mark

(d)     How long does the Earth take to orbit the Sun once?

  .....................................................................................................................
1 mark

(e)     How does the Earth move to cause day and night?

  .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
1 mark

Q5.          Tree shadow

(a)     Alex looks at a tree on a sunny day.

Tick ONE box to show where the Sun was when it caused this shadow of the tree.

1 mark

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 (b)     Explain why a shadow forms behind the tree.

  ..............................................................................................................
1 mark

(c)     Alex looks at the shadow of the tree at different times of the day. He observes that
the shadow is in a different position each time.

The position of the shadow changes because the Sun appears to move across the
sky.

Tick One box to explain why the Sun appears to move across the sky each day.

The Earth orbits The Earth spins

the Sun. on its axis.

The Sun orbits The Sun spins on its

the Earth. axis.

1 mark

(d)     Alex looks at the tree’s shadow every two hours. He draws the position of the
shadows on the ground.

The diagram below shows his results.

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 At 8pm there is no shadow of the tree on the ground.

Why is there no shadow of the tree on the ground at 8 pm?

  ..............................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................
1 mark

(e)     Use Alex’s diagram to estimate what time the shadow was pointing north.

  ................................................... pm
1 mark

Q6.          The Sun

(a)     George makes a model of the Sun, Earth and Moon.

He uses two bread rolls and a 50p coin.

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 Tick THREE boxes to show some changes that would make George’s model more
accurate.
 
The Sun should be The Moon should be the
bigger. same size as the Earth.

  The Sun should be a The Moon should be an

sphere. oval.

  The Sun should orbit The Moon should be closer

the Earth. to the Earth.

2 marks

(b)     The Sun appears to move across the sky each day.

What movement in space makes the Sun appear to move across the sky each day?

  ........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................
1 mark

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