Nama : Lutfiah Aini

NIM : 1201111024

Kelas : C PGSD 2020

Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris

Dosen Pengampu : Prof. Dr. Naeklan Simbolon, M.Pd

Pertemuan :4

LK :3

Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have
an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. Body
mass index (BMI), a measurement which compares weight and height, defines people as overweight
(pre-obese) when their BMI is between 25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2, and obese when it is greater than 30
kg/m2.

Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases, particularly heart disease, type 2 diabetes,
breathing difficulties during sleep, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Obesity is most commonly
caused by a combination of excessive dietary calories, lack of physical activity, and genetic susceptibility,
although a few cases are caused primarily by genes, endocrine disorders, medications or psychiatric
illness. Evidence to support the view that some obese people eat little yet gain weight due to a slow
metabolism is limited; on average obese people have a greater energy expenditure than their thin
counterparts due to the energy required to maintain an increased body mass.

The primary treatment for obesity is dieting and physical exercise. To supplement this, or in case of
failure, anti-obesity drugs may be taken to reduce appetite or inhibit fat absorption. In severe cases,
surgery is performed or an intragastric balloon is placed to reduce stomach volume and/or bowel length,
leading to earlier satiation and reduced ability to absorb nutrients from food.

Obesity is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide, with increasing prevalence in adults and
children, and authorities view it as one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century.
Obesity is stigmatized in much of the modern world (particularly in the Western world), though it was
widely perceived as a symbol of wealth and fertility at other times in history, and still is in some parts of
the world.
Terjemahan

Obesitas
Obesitas adalah suatu kondisi medis di mana kelebihan lemak tubuh telah terakumulasi sehingga dapat
berdampak buruk pada kesehatan, yang mengakibatkan penurunan harapan hidup dan / atau
peningkatan masalah kesehatan. Indeks massa tubuh (BMI), pengukuran yang membandingkan berat
dan tinggi, mendefinisikan orang sebagai kelebihan berat badan (pra-obesitas) ketika BMI mereka antara
25 kg / m2 dan 30 kg / m2, dan obesitas jika lebih dari 30 kg / m2 .

Obesitas meningkatkan kemungkinan timbulnya berbagai penyakit, terutama penyakit jantung, diabetes
tipe 2, kesulitan bernapas saat tidur, jenis kanker tertentu, dan osteoartritis. Obesitas paling sering
disebabkan oleh kombinasi kalori makanan yang berlebihan, kurangnya aktivitas fisik, dan kerentanan
genetik, meskipun beberapa kasus terutama disebabkan oleh gen, gangguan endokrin, obat-obatan atau
penyakit kejiwaan. Bukti yang mendukung pandangan bahwa beberapa orang yang mengalami obesitas
makan sedikit tetapi berat badannya bertambah karena metabolisme yang lambat adalah terbatas; rata-
rata orang gemuk memiliki pengeluaran energi yang lebih besar daripada rekan mereka yang kurus
karena energi yang dibutuhkan untuk mempertahankan peningkatan massa tubuh.

Perawatan utama untuk obesitas adalah diet dan latihan fisik. Untuk melengkapi ini, atau jika terjadi
kegagalan, obat anti-obesitas dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi nafsu makan atau menghambat
penyerapan lemak. Pada kasus yang parah, pembedahan dilakukan atau balon intragastrik dipasang
untuk mengurangi volume lambung dan / atau panjang usus, yang menyebabkan rasa kenyang lebih
awal dan mengurangi kemampuan untuk menyerap nutrisi dari makanan.

Obesitas adalah penyebab utama kematian yang dapat dicegah di seluruh dunia, dengan prevalensi yang
meningkat pada orang dewasa dan anak-anak, dan pihak berwenang memandangnya sebagai salah satu
masalah kesehatan masyarakat paling serius di abad ke-21. Obesitas mendapat stigma di sebagian besar
dunia modern (khususnya di dunia Barat), meskipun secara luas dianggap sebagai simbol kekayaan dan
kesuburan di waktu lain dalam sejarah, dan masih di beberapa bagian dunia.

Exercise 8

Answer below questions based on the reading!

1. What is obesity?
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may
have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health
problems. Body mass index (BMI), a measurement which compares weight and height, defines
people as overweight (pre-obese) when their BMI is between 25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2, and obese
when it is greater than 30 kg/m2.
2. What is the unit measurement for body and height?
a measurement which compares weight and height, defines people as overweight (pre-obese)
when their BMI is between 25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2, and obese when it is greater than 30 kg/m2.
3. List some reasons of obesity!
 Obesity is most commonly caused by a combination of excessive dietary calories, lack of physical
activity, and genetic susceptibility, although a few cases are caused primarily by genes, endocrine
disorders, medications or psychiatric illness.

4. How to treat obesity?

The primary treatment for obesity is dieting and physical exercise. To supplement this, or in case
of failure, anti-obesity drugs may be taken to reduce appetite or inhibit fat absorption. In severe
cases, surgery is performed or an intragastric balloon is placed to reduce stomach volume and/or
bowel length, leading to earlier satiation and reduced ability to absorb nutrients from food.

5. Is obesity a serious disease? Why?

Yes, because obesity is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide, with increasing
prevalence in adults and children