NAZISM AND THE RISE OF HITLER

INTRODUCTION

1. Nazism was a system, a structure of ideas about the world and politics.
2. May 1945- Germany surrendered to the allies.
3. April- Hitler , his propaganda minister goebbels and his entire family committed suicide.
4. The International military tribunal at nuremberg.
5. To prosecute nazi war criminals for crimes against peace,for war crimes and crimes against
humanity.

SECOND WORLD WAR

 Germany had waged a genocidal war.
 Resulted in the mass murder of selected groups of innocent people of Europe.
 The number Of people killed 6,000,000 Jews,1,000,000 polish civilians 70,000 Germans who
were considered mentally an physically disabled.

NAZIS DEVISED AN UNPRECEDENTED MEANS OF KILLING PEOPLE

 By getting them in various killing centres like auschwitz

 The nuremberg tribunal sentence only 11 leading nazis death
 Many others where imprisoned for life.
 The allies did not want to be as horse an Germany.

BIRTH OF THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC

 Germany a powerful empire in the early years of the 20th century

 For the First World War from 1914 to 1918 alongside the Austrian empire and against allies
England France and Austria.
 Germany made initial gains by occupying France and Belgium
 The allies strengthened by the US entry in 1917
 Defeated Germany and the Central Powers in November 1918.
 The defeat of Imperial Germany and the abdication of the emperor gives an opportunity to
primarily by military parties to recast German polity
 In National Assembly met at vemir and established a Democratic constitution with the
federal structure
 Deputies were elected could German parliament or reichstag on the basis of equal and
universal votes caused by all adults including women

OUTCOME OF THE DEFEAT – THE PAIR TREATY AT VERSAILLES

 Germany launched its overseas colonies, 10 of its population, 13% of its territories, 75% off
its I want and 26% of its coal to France, polan, Denmark, and lithunia.
 The allied powers dim it’ll allies Germany to weaken its power .
 The war guilt clause held germany responsible for the war and damages the allied countries
suffered.
 Germany was forced. To pay compensation amounting €6 Billion.
 The Allied armies also occupied the resource rich Rhineland.
  Many Germans held the new Weimar republic responsible for not only defeat in the war, but
the disgrace at Versailles.

THE EFFECTS OF WAR

 The war had they were stating impact on the entire continent, both psychologically and
financially.
 From a continent of creditors you work turned into one of the debtors.
 The Weimar Republic was made to pay for the sins of the Old Empire.
 They were mockingly called the November criminals.
 Politicians and publications laid great stress on the need for men to be aggressive, strong
and masculine.
 Popular support do you for conservative dictatorship.
 Believe that democracy could not survive the in abilities of interview Europe.
 The war had a devastating impact on the entire continent.

CONDITIONS OF SOLDIERS.

 Soldiers came to be placed above civilians.

 Lived miserable lives.
 Trapped with rats feeding on corpses.
 Faced poisonous gas and eneny shelling.
 Witnessed their ranks reduce rapidly.

POLITICAL RADICALISM AND ECONOMIC CRISES

 The birth of weimar Republic coinicded with the uprising of the spartacist League on the
pattern of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.
 The. Spartacists founded the Communist Party of Germany.
 The political instability in Germany paved the way of Hitler.

ECONOMIC CRISIS OF 1923

 Germany refused to pay the war reparations.

 France occupied its leading industrial area.
 Germany retaliated with printing paper, currency recklessly.
 The value of the mark collapsed
 Prices of goods soared
 There was. Hyper inflammation.

Americans intervened and bail Germany out of the crisis by introducing the Dawes plan.

It reworked terms of the repairs done the financial burden on Germans.

THE YEARS OF DEPRESSION

 1924 two 128 saw some stability.

 Germany was totally dependent on short term loans, largely from the USA.
 This support was withdrawn with the class in 1929. Of the Wall Street exchange.
 This was the start of the great Economic Depression.
 Between 1929 and 1932, the National Income of the USA fell by half.
 Factories shutdown, exports fell. Farmers were badly hit and spectaculars withdraw their
money from the market.
 The effects of this recession and in the US economy where felt world.
 German economy was hit badly.
 Industrial production was reduced to 40% of the 1929 level.
 Workers lost their jobs or were paid reduced wages.
 The number of unemployed touches an unpredicted. 6,000,000
 It led to social unrest.
 The middle class and working population was filled with the fear of proletariansation.

DEFECTS OF WEIMMAR REPUBLIC

 Proportional presentation.
 Article 48 gave the president the powers to impose emergency suspend civil rights and rule
by decree.
 People lost confidence in the Democratic parliamentary system.