RECOMMENDED STANDARD SPECIFICATION

FOR
SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS
WSTDA-T-1

©2005 WEB SLING & TIE DOWN ASSOCIATION, INC.

This Standard is available through the WSTDA. Reproduction is not permitted $25.00
This recommended standard specification has been formulated as a guide to users, industry and government to
ensure the proper use, maintenance and inspection of synthetic web tie down assemblies. The existence of this
recommended standard specification does not, however, prevent members of the Web Sling & Tie Down
Association, Inc. and other manufacturers from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to this standard.

© Web Sling & Tie Down Association. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Web Sling & Tie Down
Association. This publication is circulated subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or
otherwise, be lent, sold, hired out or otherwise circulated without WSTDA's prior consent.

This Standard is available through the WSTDA. Reproduction is not permitted

 FOREWORD
This Recommended Standard Specification applies to synthetic web tie downs constructed with webbing
woven from synthetic fibers (nylon, polyester) for the purpose of securing cargo. This standard
recommends construction as well as identification and marking of these synthetic web tie downs. In
addition, it gives important practical advise on the use, maintenance and inspection of these synthetic
web tie downs.

The exclusion from this Recommended Standard Specification of synthetic web tie downs of different
synthetic materials and capacities is not intended to preclude their use and shall not be interpreted in this
manner.

Synthetic web tie downs made from materials or construction other than those detailed in this
Recommended Standard Specification shall be used in accordance with the recommendations of the tie
down manufacturer or qualified person. The specifications contained in this Recommended Standard
Specification for Synthetic Web Tie Downs were formulated under the auspices of the Web Sling & Tie
Down Association, Inc. This Recommended Standard Specification is intended to assist users in
specifying the proper synthetic web tie down for their particular requirements, to serve as a guide to the
industry in the construction and use of synthetic web tie downs and to serve as a guide to governmental
and other regulatory bodies responsible for the proper use and inspection of synthetic web tie downs.

Safety is the paramount consideration involved in the use of any synthetic web tie down. This standard
does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
the regulatory limitations prior to use. The appropriate synthetic web tie down shall be selected by the
user for their specific application. Users of synthetic web tie downs shall have knowledge on the proper
method of cargo securement. Also users shall be knowledgeable about federal, state, provincial, local and
industry regulations applicable to cargo securement.

MANDATORY AND ADVISORY RULES

Mandatory rules are characterized by the use of the word “shall”.
If a rule is of an advisory nature, it is indicated by the use of the word
“should”, or it is stated as a recommendation.

WEB SLING & TIE DOWN ASSOCIATION, INC.

2105 Laurel Bush Road, Suite 200
Bel Air, Maryland 21015

Phone (443) 640-1070

Fax (443) 640-1031 First Published and Copyright 1991
Email: wstda@ksgroup.org First Revision 1998
Website: www.wstda.com Second Revision 2005

This Standard is available through the WSTDA. Reproduction is not permitted

 Contents
Chapter 1.0 TERMINOLOGY & DEFINITIONS OF SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS

Section 1.1 Purpose...................................... 1

Section 1.2 Description................................. 1
Section 1.3 Definition of Terms...................... 1

Chapter 2.0 CONSTRUCTION OF SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS

Section 2.1 Purpose..................................... 4

Section 2.2 Webbing.................................... 4
Section 2.3 Thread....................................... 5
Section 2.4 Stitching..................................... 5
Section 2.5 Hardware................................. 5
Section 2.6 Design Factor.............................. 6
Section 2.7 Identification/Marking................ 6
Section 2.8 Rated Capacities......................... 6

Chapter 3.0 STANDARD PROCEDURES FOR TESTING SYNTHETIC WEB

TIE DOWNS

Section 3.1 Purpose...................................... 7

Section 3.2 Type of Tests................................ 7
Section 3.3 Test Procedures - General............. 7
Section 3.4 Certification................................ 7

Chapter 4.0 RECOMMENDED OPERATING PRACTICES

Section 4.1 Purpose...................................... 8

Section 4.2 Proper Selection.......................... 8
Section 4.3 Use And Care.............................. 8
Section 4.4 Environmental Considerations..... 9
Section 4.5 Inspections................................. 11
Section 4.6 Inspection Records...................... 11
Section 4.7 Removal From Service................. 11
Section 4.8 Repairs....................................... 13

This Standard is available through the WSTDA. Reproduction is not permitted

 CHAPTER 1.0
TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS OF SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS
SECTION 1.1 PURPOSE
1.1.1 This chapter provides a description of synthetic web tie downs and definitions that apply to
such tie downs.

SECTION 1.2 DESCRIPTION

1.2.1 A synthetic web tie down is fabricated of synthetic webbing, with or without hardware, for the
purpose of securing cargo.

SECTION 1.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS

ABRASION The mechanical wearing of a surface resulting from frictional contact with other
materials or objects.
AGGREGATE WORKING LOAD LIMIT The summation of the working load limit (WLL) of all
devices used to secure an article(s) on or to a vehicle.

ANCHOR POINT Part of the structure fitting or attachment on a vehicle or article of cargo to
which a tie down is attached.

BREAKING STRENGTH The load in pounds or kilograms at which point any load bearing
part of the synthetic web tie down fails.

COATING A finish applied to the webbing for a special purpose.

CREEP To slip out of place from pressure or wear: shift gradually.

DESIGN FACTOR The ratio of the breaking strength to the working load limit (WLL) for each
synthetic web tie down.

DESIGNATED PERSONNEL Selected or assigned by the employer or employer’s representative

as being competent to perform specific duties.

ELONGATION The measurement of stretch at a given load, expressed as a percentage of the

original unloaded length.

FABRICATION EFFICIENCY The ratio of a synthetic web tie down’s breaking strength to the
webbing breaking strength, expressed as a percentage prior to fabrication.

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FILLING The yarn running from selvedge to selvedge at right angles to the warp. Also
referred to as weft and picks.

FITTING A load-bearing device that is sewn and/or attached to synthetic web tie downs.

LOGISTIC TRACK A rail made of high strength steel or aluminum that is mounted on or to a
vehicle and used to secure the end fittings of a synthetic web tie down, rope tie-off, decking
beam, garment beam, etc.

MANDREL The component of a winch and ratchet that the webbing is inserted into for
tensioning the synthetic web tie down.

Mandrel

PROOF LOAD TEST A non-destructive pull test to some multiple of the working load limit
(WLL) of the item.

QUALIFIED PERSON A person who by possession of a recognized degree, certificate of

professional standing or by extensive knowledge, training and experience has successfully
demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems related to the subject matter and work.

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RATCHET A mechanical device used with synthetic web tie downs to incrementally adjust
and tension the webbing.

SELVEDGE The narrow edge of woven fabric that runs parallel to the warp.

SPLICE That part of a synthetic web tie down that is lapped and sewn, with a stitch pattern
determined by the manufacturer, to become an integral part of the tie down.
Types of splices are:
a. Load-Bearing Splice - Any splice that carries a portion of the total load applied
to the tie down.

b. Assembly Splice - Any splice that joins two or more parts of the tie down without
bearing any of the applied loads.

SECUREMENT SYSTEM A means to secure cargo, to include a synthetic web tie down and
vehicle anchor points.

SYNTHETIC FIBER Man-made fibers.

SYNTHETIC WEBBING A fabric, woven of high tenacity synthetic yarns offering suitable
characteristics for use in the manufacture of synthetic web tie downs. Reference the WSTDA
Recommended Standard Specification for Synthetic Webbing used for Tie Downs WSDTA-T-4.

SYNTHETIC YARN The fiber that is used to make webbing and thread.

TENSILE LOAD The force being applied expressed in pounds or kilograms.

THREAD The synthetic yarn that is used to sew a stitch pattern.

TIE DOWN An assembly fabricated of synthetic webbing, with or without hardware, for the
purpose of securing cargo.

VEHICLE Any device for carrying goods or equipment, such as a truck, trailer, van or
otherwise.

WARP The set of yarn in all woven fabrics that run lengthwise and parallel to the selvedge
and is interwoven with the filling.

WEB WIDTH The distance across the webbing from outer selvedge to outer selvedge.

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 WINCH A tensioning device, which is mounted directly to the vehicle for tensioning syn-
thetic web tie downs used to secure cargo. Reference the WSTDA Recommended Standard
Specifications for Winches Used With Synthetic Web Tie Downs WSTDA-T-3.

WORKING LOAD LIMIT The maximum allowable load assigned to each synthetic web tie
down by the manufacturer which is not to exceed one-third of the complete assembly breaking
strength.

YARN The synthetic fiber that is used to make webbing and thread.

CHAPTER 2.0
CONSTRUCTION OF SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS
SECTION 2.1 PURPOSE
2.1.1 This chapter provides an outline of materials and construction characteristics of synthetic web
tie downs.

SECTION 2.2 WEBBING

2.2.1 Webbing shall conform to the WSTDA Recommended Standard Specification for Synthetic
Webbing Used For Tie Downs WSTDA-T-4.

2.2.2 The webbing shall be certifiable to tensile strength, have uniform thickness and width and have
selvedges.

2.2.3 Webbing shall be woven from a synthetic yarn that is heat and light resistant.

2.2.4 Nylon webbing is used in many applications where shock absorption properties are important
because nylon webbing has higher elongation than polyester webbing of the same construction
and strength. Nylon webbing has better natural abrasion resistance properties than polyester
webbing, although some over coatings allow approximately equal performance of both types.
Nylon is generally more resistant to most alkalis than polyester.

2.2.5 Polyester webbing is typically used in systems where low elongation and low creep are
desirable. Polyester’s higher density allows thinner webbing than nylon (at equal strength).
Polyester webbing has better natural resistance to moisture than nylon, although some over
coatings allow approximately equal performance of both types. Polyester is generally more
resistant to acids than nylon.

2.2.6 All webbing ends shall be sealed by heat or other suitable means to prevent raveling.

2.2.7 Webbing may be coated with suitable materials that will impart desirable characteristics,
such as:
a. Abrasion resistance
b. Sealing to prevent penetration of foreign particles and matter
c. Increased coefficient of friction
d. Ultra-violet light resistance

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SECTION 2.3 THREAD
2.3.1 The thread used in the sewing of synthetic web tie down assemblies shall conform to the WSTDA
Recommended Standard Specification for Synthetic Sewing Threads for Slings and Tie Downs
WSTDA-TH-1.

SECTION 2.4 STITCHING

2.4.1 The stitch pattern and length of stitching shall be in accordance with the tie down manufacturer’s
standard practice.

2.4.2 The stitching in all load-bearing stitch patterns shall be of sufficient strength to achieve a minimum
design factor of three (3).

2.4.3 All stitches shall be lock-stitched and preferably continuous. When not continuous, they shall be
backstitched at the ends to prevent raveling.

SECTION 2.5 HARDWARE (FITTINGS & BUCKLES)

WARNING
!
The use of improper fittings and/or materials may result in
severe personal injury or death

2.5.1 This section relates to the hardware, made of metal or other suitable materials, which may be
attached to a synthetic web tie down for the purpose of securing cargo. The hardware may be
a permanent or detachable part of the tie down.

2.5.1.1 Material - The material selected shall be compatible with the mechanical and environmental
requirements imposed on the hardware and synthetic web.

2.5.1.2 Finish - All surfaces shall be cleanly finished with smooth edges to prevent cutting of the
webbing. Additional corrosion resistance coatings and/or procedures are highly recommended.

2.5.2 Design Criteria - Hardware shall have a minimum design factor of three (3) and have sufficient
strength to sustain a proof load test of one and one half (1.5) times the working load limit (WLL)
without permanent deformation.

2.5.3 Reuse of Hardware - Hardware shall be inspected prior to reuse. Hardware shall not be reused
if excessive wear, pitting, corrosion, cracks, distortion and/or breaks are visible. No repairs
shall be permitted.
2.5.4 Proof Load Test - Synthetic web tie downs incorporating reused hardware shall be proof tested
to a minimum of one and one half (1.5) times the working load limit (WLL) of the synthetic web
tie down assembly.

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SECTION 2.6 DESIGN FACTOR
! WARNING
Never exceed the working load limit (WLL) of any synthetic web tie down(s). The loading of any
synthetic web tie down beyond its WLL can result in severe personal injury or death. The tie down
design factor is based on destructive, laboratory controlled testing conditions, which will not be
exactly duplicated during actual loading conditions.
2.6.1 The design factor for new synthetic web tie downs with, or without hardware, shall be a min-
imum of three (3) when tested in accordance with Chapter 3 of this Standard Specification.

SECTION 2.7 IDENTIFICATION / MARKING REQUIREMENTS

2.7.1 Each synthetic web tie down shall be marked or labeled, by the manufacturer, using an
identification tag, stencil or other means with the following required information:

a. Name and/or trademark of the tie down manufacturer

b. Working load limit (WLL) in pounds and kilograms
EXAMPLE
ABC Manufacturing Corp. Failure to comply with warning
may result in tie down failure,
serious personal Injury or Death .
WLL 5,000 LBS (2,270 KGS) Use of this product demonstrates
an understanding of this warning
and the risks involved.
Never exceed working load
limit. Inspect before each use.
Webbing should not be used
if abrasions, cuts, tears, burns,

2.7.2 An optional warning label is recommended. knots, damaged sew patterns

or alterations are present.
Always protect webbing from
sharp or abrasive surfaces.
Hardware must be pulled in a
straight line or strength will be
reduced. Do not use if any signs
EXAMPLE of damage, deformation, or
alterations are present.
This tie down assembly is not
to be used for lifting or towing.
Refer to Federal,
State, Provincial,
Industry or local
regulations for MEMBER
proper tie down
methods.

© 2002 WSTDA TW-02

2.7.3 If the required identification markings become illegible or missing, the synthetic web tie down
shall be removed from service.

SECTION 2.8 RATED CAPACITIES

2.8.1 The working load limit (WLL) of a synthetic web tie down shall be based on one-third (1/3) of
the breaking strength of the complete assembly and not individual components.

2.8.2 A synthetic web tie down shall not be subjected to loads greater than the working load limit
(WLL) assigned by the manufacturer.

2.8.3 Each manufacturer shall retain test data to verify breaking strengths. Destructive tests shall be
conducted according to the test procedure outlined in Chapter 3 of this Standard Specification.

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 CHAPTER 3.0
STANDARD PROCEDURES FOR TESTING SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS
SECTION 3.1 PURPOSE
3.1.1 This chapter provides standard procedures for the testing of synthetic web tie downs.

SECTION 3.2 TYPES OF TESTS

3.2.1 Destructive Test - Testing of a complete synthetic web tie down for the purpose of verifying the
breaking strength. The tie down shall be tested in a straight-line pull until destroyed (broken).

3.2.2 Proof Load Test - Testing of a complete synthetic web tie down to some multiple of the working
load limit (WLL), usually one and one half (1.5) times the working load limit (WLL).

SECTION 3.3 TEST PROCEDURES FOR THE VERIFICATION OF

TIE DOWN BREAKING STRENGTH
3.3.1 Atmospheric Conditions - Synthetic web tie down assemblies should be tested at ambient
temperatures, unless otherwise specified, after the samples have been conditioned for a mini-
mum period of 24 hours in an environment of 70 degrees Fahrenheit +/- 2 degrees and a
relative humidity of 65% +/- 2%, per Federal Test Method Standard No. 191A, Method 4108.
In the case of disputed or conflicting test results, additional tests should be conducted.

3.3.2 Tie down assemblies with fittings shall be pulled in such a manner that allows the fittings to be
properly seated. In the case of a tie down assembly that incorporates a logistic track fitting, the
tie down shall be pulled with the fitting in a sample of track.

3.3.3 A minimum of three (3) samples shall be tested to establish the breaking strength of a synthetic
web tie down. The lowest test result shall be used to determine the breaking strength of the
assembly.

3.3.4 The test samples should be taken from a production lot. However, to accommodate testing
apparatus, specific test samples may be provided for testing purposes. Such test samples should
be representative of production products.

3.3.5 All synthetic web tie downs are to be tested in a straight-line pull with force applied to both
ends of the assembly. The ram shall be retracted at a uniform speed of 2 to 10 inches (50 to
250mm) per minute, or 100 to 1,000 pounds per second until failure. The tensile load at fail-
ure is the breaking strength.

3.3.6 The test machine shall be certified annually to ASTM E4 or equivalent.

3.3.7 Test results shall be kept on file by the synthetic web tie down manufacturer.

3.3.8 The synthetic web tie down manufacturer or an independent testing laboratory shall perform
the testing of synthetic web tie downs.

SECTION 3.4 CERTIFICATION

3.4.1 When certification is required, a certificate shall be issued describing the type, date and results
of test by the company performing the test.

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 CHAPTER 4.0
RECOMMENDED OPERATING PRACTICES
SECTION 4.1 PURPOSE
4.1.1 The purpose of this chapter is to provide guidelines to end users and enforcement personnel for
proper selection, use and care, environmental considerations and inspection of synthetic web
tie downs. These guidelines are not intended to replace proper training, experience and learned
knowledge regarding proper tie down procedures.

SECTION 4.2 PROPER SELECTION

4.2.1 Select a synthetic web tie down having suitable characteristics for the type of load, environment
and attachment to vehicle anchor point. Fittings shall have the required shape and size to attach
properly to the vehicle anchor points.

4.2.2 Identify the working load limit (WLL) marked on the synthetic web tie down by the manufactur-
er. If the required markings are illegible or missing, remove from service. Read all warnings
and/or instructions provided by the manufacturer.

4.2.3 Identify the working load limit (WLL) of the vehicle anchor points. If no rating is visible contact
the vehicle manufacturer for tie down instructions. The lesser-rated working load limit (WLL),
whether that is the anchor point or the synthetic web tie down, shall determine the working
load limit (WLL) of the securement system.

4.2.4 Determine the proper number of synthetic web tie downs required based upon the weight of the
cargo, the type of commodity, the aggregate working load limit of the securement system and
the length/weight ratio of the cargo being secured. Additionally, end users and enforcement
personnel are required to know commodity specific rules governing proper tie down determi-
nation as published by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Standard for Protection
Against Shifting and Falling Cargo; Final Rule effective December 26, 2002.

SECTION 4.3 USE AND CARE

4.3.1 Synthetic web tie downs shall not be loaded in excess of the working load limit (WLL) provided
by the manufacturer. Consideration should be given to the angle from the horizontal (tie down
to trailer) that affects the downward pressure. (see chart below)

Angle: 90 degrees 60 degrees 45 degrees 30 degrees

Effective
Downward
Pressure
100% 87% 71% 50%

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4.3.2 Synthetic web tie downs shall be attached to the vehicle and positioned in accordance with
applicable regulations for the commodity being transported to prevent against shifting and/or
loss of cargo.

4.3.3 Synthetic web tie downs should not be dropped or dragged on the floor, ground or any
abrasive surface.

4.3.4 Synthetic web tie downs shall not be shortened, joined, repaired or lengthened by being tied
into knots.

4.3.5 Synthetic web tie downs should not be pulled from under cargo when the cargo is resting on
the tie down.

4.3.6 Synthetic web tie downs shall always be protected from corners, edges, protrusions and abrasive
surfaces with edge protection that resists abrasion, cutting or crushing.

4.3.7 Synthetic web tie downs designed to secure cargo shall not be used for lifting, lowering or
suspending cargo or for towing.

4.3.8 Before operating any synthetic web tie down assembly the user shall secure his footing to pre-
vent slipping or falling. In adverse weather conditions, including freezing temperatures,
additional caution should be exercised.

4.3.9 When using winch or ratchet straps a minimum of two (2) and a maximum of four (4) wraps of
webbing shall be on the winch or ratchet mandrel. Excessive wraps of webbing on the mandrel
may reduce the working load limit (WLL) of the synthetic web tie down and may interfere with
proper operation.

4.3.10 Synthetic web tie downs shall be used, inspected and adjusted during the transportation of
cargo per applicable federal, state, provincial, local and industry regulations.

SECTION 4.4 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

4.4.1 Synthetic web tie downs should be stored in a cool, dry and dark place when not in use to
prevent loss of strength through exposure to ultra-violet light.

4.4.2 Chemically active environments can affect the strength of synthetic web tie downs in varying
degrees ranging from little to total degradation. The tie down manufacturer should be consulted
before any synthetic tie down is used or stored in chemically active environments.
4.4.2.1 ACIDS

4.4.2.1.1 Nylon is subject to degradation in acids, ranging from little to total degradation.
4.4.2.1.2 Polyester is resistant to many acids, but is subject to degradation ranging from little to
moderate with some acids.

4.4.2.1.3 Each application shall be evaluated, taking into consideration the following:
i. Type of Acid
ii. Exposure Conditions
iii. Concentration
iv. Temperature

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 4.4.2.2 ALKALIS

4.4.2.2.1 Polyester is subject to degradation in alkalis, ranging from little to total degradation.
4.4.2.2.3 Nylon is resistant to many alkalis, but is subject to degradation ranging from little to
moderate with some alkalis.

4.4.2.2.3 Each application shall be evaluated, taking into consideration the following:
i. Type of Alkali
ii. Exposure Conditions
iii. Concentration
iv. Temperature

4.4.3 Tie downs using nylon or polyester webbing shall not be used at temperatures in excess of
194 degrees F (90 degrees C) or below -40 degrees F (-40 degrees C).

4.4.4 Tie downs using nylon or polyester webbing shall not come in contact with any object with a
temperature in excess of 194 degrees F (90 degrees C) or below -40 degrees F (-40 degrees C).
This includes the cargo being secured, vehicle and anchor points.

4.4.5 Synthetic web tie downs incorporating aluminum fittings shall not be used where fumes, vapors,
sprays, mists or liquids of alkalis or acids are present.

4.4.6 Environments in which synthetic web tie downs are continuously exposed to ultra-violet light
affect the strength of the tie downs in varying degrees ranging from slight to total degradation.

4.4.6.1 Factors that affect the degree of strength loss:

i. Length of time of continuous exposure
ii. Webbing construction and design
iii. Other environmental factors such as weather conditions and
geographic location

4.4.6.2 Suggested procedures to minimize the affects of ultra-violet light:

i. Store synthetic web tie downs in a cool, dry and dark place when not in use
ii. Consult tie down manufacturer for coatings that may be applied to the webbing

4.4.6.3 Some visual indications of possible ultra-violet light degradation are:

i. Bleaching out of webbing color
ii. Increased stiffness of webbing
iii. Surface abrasion in areas not normally in contact with the load
CAUTION: Degradation can take place without visible indications. If in doubt,
contact the tie down manufacturer for possible proof load test.

4.4.7 Synthetic web tie downs and associated hardware may be subjected to dirt, mud, snow, ice,
road salt, cleaning solutions, etc. Frequent inspection, cleaning and lubrication as appropriate
will ensure proper operating condition. Aluminum fittings should not be cleaned with chlorine
based cleaning agents, or used in high chlorine environments.

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SECTION 4.5 INSPECTIONS
4.5.1 Type of Inspection
a. INITIAL INSPECTION - Designated personnel shall inspect any synthetic web tie down be-
fore it is placed in service to ensure that the correct tie down is being used and to determine
that the tie down meets the requirements of this standard specification.

b. FREQUENT INSPECTION - The person handling the synthetic web tie down each time it is
used shall make this inspection.

c. PERIODIC INSPECTION - Designated personnel shall conduct this inspection. Frequency

of a periodic inspection shall be based on, but not limited to:
i. Frequency of use
ii. Severity of service conditions
iii. Experience gained on the service life of synthetic web tie downs
used in similar applications

SECTION 4.6 INSPECTION RECORDS

4.6.1 The user(s) of synthetic web tie downs should establish written inspection records to be kept
on file. These records should show a description of the tie down(s), the condition at the time
of the inspection, the date the inspection was performed and the person who performed the
inspection.

SECTION 4.7 REMOVAL FROM SERVICE

4.7.1 A synthetic web tie down shall be removed from service if any of the following are visible:

a. Holes, tears, cuts, snags or embedded particles which cause doubt as to the strength
of the tie down. Figures 1 & 8
b. Broken or worn stitching in load bearing stitch patterns. Figure 2
c. Excessive abrasive wear. Figure 3
d. Knots in any part of the webbing. Figure 4
e. Melting, charring or weld spatter on any part of the webbing. Figure 5
f. Acid or alkali burns. Figure 6
g. Signs of ultra-violet light degradation.
h. Excessive pitting, corrosion, cracked, distorted or broken buckles or end fittings.
i. The working load limit (WLL) assigned by the tie down manufacturer is no longer visible.
j. Any other visible damage which causes doubt as to the strength of the tie down.
Figures 7, 8 and 9

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 FIGURES - DAMAGED SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Holes, Tears Broken Or Worn Stitching Excessive
Cuts, Snags In Load Bearing Sew Abrasive Wear
Patterns

Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

Knots In The Melting Or Charring Chemical
Tie Down Of The Tie Down, Burns
Or Weld Spatter
On The Tie Down

Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9

Damaged Loop, Tear In Webbing Other Apparent Damages
Eye Hook Too At The Fitting That May Affect Strength
Small Or Too Rough Ratings; Such As Crushed
Webbing, Etc.

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SECTION 4.8 REPAIRS OF SYNTHETIC WEB TIE DOWNS
4.8.1 No repairs of webbing, fittings, buckles or stitching/sew patterns shall be permitted.

4.8.2 Synthetic web tie downs may be re-webbed utilizing existing hardware if the tie down manu-
facturer determines the hardware is reusable.

4.8.3 Each synthetic web tie down re-webbed utilizing used hardware shall be proof load tested to
one and one half (1.5) times the working load limit (WLL). The tie down manufacturer
performing the re-web shall do this proof test and a certificate shall be provided to the user
and kept on file by the tie down manufacturer.

4.8.4 When re-webbed, the tie down shall be marked with a label to identify when the re-web was
performed and the name or trademark of the tie down manufacturer that performed the work.

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 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

U.S. Department of Transportation California Administrative Code:

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) California Highway Patrol (CHP)
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations Title 13: Barclays Lay Publisher,
(FMCSRs 0, Title 49 of the Code of 50 California St. 18th Floor
Federal Regulations (CFR): Sections San Francisco, CA 94111-4624
392.9, Safe Loading; Part 393, Subpart 1 Telephone (800) 888-3600
Protection Against Shifting or Falling Cargo Fax (415) 732-8861
Copies of 49 CFR Parts 200-399 may be
purchased from the U.S. Government
Printing Office, (202) 512-1800.
For questions concerning specific In Canada Contact:
requirements you can contact the The Ministry of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration, In Each Province.
Office of Motor Carrier Research
and Standards (HCS-10),
400 Seventh Street, SW Washington, In Mexico Contact:
D.C., 20590. Telephone (202) 366-4009 Director General de Transporte
FAX (202) 366-8842. Terreste Sub-Director de
Inspection del Transporte
(Rep. En el C.V.S.A.)
WEB SLING & TIE DOWN ASSOCIATION, INC. Calzada de las Bombas Number
2105 Laurel Bush Road, Suite 200 411-11-Piso
Bel Air, Maryland 21015 Col. San Bartolo Coapa
Phone (443) 640-1070 Mexico, D.F.C.P. 04500
Fax (443) 640-1031
Email: wstda@ksgroup.org
Website: www.wstda.com

Specialized Carriers & Rigging

Association Cargo Securement On Motor
Vehicles; Steel. Specialized Carriers &
Rigging Association, 2750 Properity Avenue,
Suite 620, Fairfax, VA 22031-4312.
Telephone (703) 698-0291
Fax (703) 698-0297

14
This Standard is available through the WSTDA. Reproduction is not permitted
 OTHER WEB SLING & TIE DOWN ASSOCIATION PUBLICATIONS
Recommended Standard Specifications: Recommended Standard Specifications:
Printed Books PDF Files On CD
Synthetic Web Slings WSTDA-WS-1 Synthetic Web Slings WSTDA-SCD-WS-1
Synthetic Polyester Roundslings WSTDA-RS-1 Synthetic Polyester Roundslings WSTDA-SCD-RS-1
Webbing for Synthetic Web Slings WSTDA-WB-1 Webbing for Synthetic Web Slings WSTDA-SCD-WB-1
Sewing Threads for Slings & Tie Downs WSTDA-TH-1 Sewing Threads for Slings & Tie Downs WSTDA-SCD-TH-1
Synthetic Web Tie Downs WSTDA-T-1 Synthetic Web Tie Downs WSTDA-SCD-T-1
Winches Used With Web Tie Downs WSTDA-T-3 Winches Used With Web Tie Downs WSTDA-SCD-T-3
Synthetic Webbing Used for Tie Downs WSTDA-T-4 Synthetic Webbing Used for Tie Downs WSTDA-SCD-T-4
All Standards In A Three-Ring Binder WSTDA-ASB-2006 All Standards CD - (All above on one CD) WSTDA-ASCD-2006

Operating & Inspection Manuals

Synthetic Web Slings WSTDA-WS-2
Synthetic Web Slings WSTDA-WS-PS-2 (pocket sized)
Synthetic Polyester Roundslings WSTDA-RS-2
Synthetic Polyester Roundslings WSTDA-RS-2-PS (pocket sized)
Synthetic Web Tie Downs WSTDA-T-2

Video
Synthetic Web Sling Care & Inspection WSTDA-WSV-1-VHS
Synthetic Web Sling Care & Inspection WSTDA-WSV-1-CD

Illustrated Wall Chart

Inspection of Web Slings & Round Slings WSTDA-WSWC-1

UV Degradation Reports
Summary Report UV Degradation WSTDA-UV-Sling-2003
UV Degradation Mini Manual WSTDA-UV-MM-2005
UV Degradation Report WSTDA-UVDR-1981 (Revised 2005)
Training CD-Rom
North America Cargo Securement Standard WSTDA-CD-TP-2003
Fabric Warning Labels Paper Warning Sheets
Nylon Web Slings WSTDA-SW-02-N Synthetic Web Slings WSTDA-WSWS-02
Polyester Web Slings WSTDA-SW-02-P Polyester Roundslings WSTDA-RSWS-04
Tie Downs WSTDA-TW-02 Tie Downs WSTDA-TWS-97
Round Slings WSTDA-RSW-03

For ordering information and prices, contact the association office or visit our website:
Web Sling & Tie Down Association, Inc.
2105 Laurel Bush Road, Suite 200
Bel Air, Maryland 21015
Phone (443) 640-1070
Fax (443) 640-1031
Email: wstda@ksgroup.org TM

Web Site: www.wstda.com