Compose answers to the questions below and save the file as a backup copy in the event that a

technical problem is encountered while attempting to submit the assignment. Make sure to run a spell
check.

You will be submitting your answers to the lab assignment in two parts. The first part of the lab
assignment consists of the laboratory exercise questions. The second part of the lab assignment is the
application question. The first textbox on the submission page corresponds to the first part of the
lab. Be sure to paste the laboratory exercise questions, with your answers, into this textbox. The
second textbox on the submission page will be for your response to the application question.

LABORATORY EXERCISE QUESTIONS

~~1. Which microscope type would be best used to dissect a specimen of

Drosophila (a fruit fly)? Please give reasoning behind the answer. Which
microscope would be the most useful to view the organelles within a single-
celled organism? (2 points)
a. A Stereo Microscope would be the most useful when dissecting a
Drosophila because, this microscope is an optical microscope and is
typically used at a moderately low magnification. To view organelles in
a single-celled organism you would use an Electron Microscope because
of its high dimensional views at 100,000X.

~~2. List two careers where microscopes are used. Describe in what capacity. (2
points)
a. Jewelers would use microscopes to inspect a piece of jewelry to detect
the value and determine rather if its real or fake.
b. Registered Nurses or Doctors would use microscopes when inspecting a
patient’s ear.

~~3. Why is special paper used to clean the lenses of a microscope? (1 point)
a. Special paper is used to clean the lenses of a microscope because some
towels can contain fibers that could possible scratch the lenses.

~~4. State the name of each of the tagged parts on the microscope shown above
in step 1 of the Procedures: (11 points)

a. Ocular lens

b. Body tube

c. Objective lenses

d. Stage

e. Condenser

f. Iris diaphragm lever

 g. Illuminator/light source

h. Base

i. Coarse focus knob

j. Fine focus knob

k. Arm

~~5. What type of microscope is the virtual microscope used in our lab meant to
simulate? (Be specific.) (1 point)
a. binocular compound light microscope.

~~6. State the function of the following: (3 points)

a. objective lenses

a. Provides a different level of magnification

b. Condenser

a. It concentrates the light into parallel rays to the specimen

c. oil immersion

a. Magnifies specimen to 100X

~~7. What steps must one follow to adjust the following? (2 points)

a. Diopter

a. By looking into the microscope, you will adjust the diopter by

alternating eyes, first you’ll use your right eye and focus with the

fine adjustment, then with the left eye you move the serrated diopter

ring to bring in a clear focus.

b. Focus on the specimen

a. Move the coarse then the fine focus knobs to either raise or lower the

body tube to create a sharper image.

~~8. What is the total magnification when viewing a sample through an objective
lens of 50X with an ocular lens of 10X? Show the calculation used to derive
the answer. (2 points)
a. Objective: 50X multiplied by Ocular: 10X = 500X

~~9. Why are coverslips primarily used to observe specimens under the
microscope? (1 point)
a. Coverslips are used to prevent contamination to the lenses from the
specimen. It is also used to keep the specimen in place when examining.

~~10. Letter "e" exercise:

a. Describe how the orientation of a letter "e" changes when it is viewed under
the microscope. (2 points)
a. The letter “e” orientation would be upside down and backwards
because it resembles a 2-sided mirror.

b. If the slide is moved up on the mechanical stage, in what direction does the
specimen appear to move while observing it under the microscope? (1
point)
a. It would move the opposite, so the slide would go down.

~~11. Under which objective were you best able to see the sequence of the
colored threads (Procedures step 3)? If the ocular magnification is 10X, what
was the total magnification? Explain why this was the optimal magnification
for this exercise. (3 points)
a. I was able to best see the colored threads under the 4X objective, the
total magnification would be 40X (4X multiplied by 10X). this was the
optimal magnification because under this view you were able to see all 3
colors of the threads.

~~12. Observations from procedures #4 through #8:

a. Provide the name of one cellular structure or organelle that you were
able to observe within the animal cheek cell slide. Describe what this
organelle looked like under microscopy. (1 point)
a. In the animal cheek cell slide I was able to identify and observe
the nucleus, the nucleus resembled a dark almond shape pit
located more towards the center of the cells.

b. Provide the name of one cellular structure or organelle (this can’t be the
same structure discussed in part A) that you were able to observe within
the Euglena slide. Describe how this organelle looked. (1 point)
 a. When viewing the Euglena at 100X I was able to observe the
flagella. The flagella resemble a long thread like string that is
attached at the head of the Euglena.

~~13. What are the two major categories of cells? How do they structurally differ
from one another? (3 points)
a. prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, the difference between the two is
that prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus while a eukaryotic cell
does.

~~14. What are two major structures that differ between cells from kingdom
Plantae and those from kingdom Animalia? What are the functions of these
structures? (4 points)
a. Two major structures that differ between cells from kingdom Plantae
and kingdom Animalia is that the kingdom Plantae contains a cell wall
that helps support the cell and maintain its shape. Another major
difference is a Plant cell also contains chloroplasts which is organelles
that conduct photosynthesis within the cell.

APPLICATION QUESTION

~~15. (Application) How might the information gained from this lab pertaining
to the microscopes be useful to you, or how can you apply this knowledge to
your everyday life as a non-scientist? The application will be graded according
to the rubric below. (10 points)
a. The knowledge of microscopes is useful to me for my everyday life as a
non-scientist because I can use this information to better understand my
coworkers at my current job, as a CNA for a hospital I am responsible
for transcribing information that a nurse tells me about a patient, so
when the nurse is looking at a patients blood sample into a microscope I
will now will be able to understand how and what she is doing to
retrieve her information. Its important to understand the kingdom of
cells because cells are important to the human body and knowing how
cells work together and their components, will help find a diagnostic for
a person who may carry an illness.