Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Beginner S2
Beginner S2
Beginner S2 #1
Casually Speaking in Korean: My
Family is Doing Well!
CONTENTS
1 Introduction
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Alternative Transcript
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Grammar
9 Pronunciation
10 Cultural Insight
# 1
COPYRIGHT © 2016 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
INTRODUCTION
Man and 혜진 lived in the same neighborhood for many years. And they just ran into each
other.
KOREAN HANGUL
1. 아저씨: 어! 혜진아!
3. 아저씨: 너 어디 가?
ROMANIZATION
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 2
1. MAN: Hey! Hyejin!
5. MAN: Yup! I remember your friend! Hey, did you eat? How's your mom?
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
1. (the dialog between 아저씨 and 혜진 in the intimate politeness level - 아저씨's
lines stay 'intimate'.)
2. 아저씨: 어! 혜진아!
4. 아저씨: 너 어디 가?
VOCABULARY
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 3
mister, sir (title for
아저씨 ajeossi noun
middle aged men)
내 nae my (intimate)
but, however
SAMPLE SENTENCES
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 4
내 컴퓨터를 쓰지 마! 어머니와 아버지는 결혼하신지 오십 년이
nae keompyuteoreul sseujima! 되었습니다.
eomeoniwa abeojineun gyeorhonhaji osim nyeoni
"Don't use my computer!" doeeosseumnida.
GRAMMAR
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 5
The intimate politeness level (반말 banmal) is widely used in everyday Korean, but mostly
between close friends who are in the same age group or by an older person talking to a
younger person. Younger people also sometimes use the intimate politeness level when
talking to older people, typically family members or people who have agreed to be on closer
terms with each other. The intimate politeness level is a conjugation used at the end of verbs
to convey the amount of politeness the speaker holds towards the listener.
In Today's Dialogue
너 어디 가?
"Where are you going?/Are you going somewhere?"
We use this ending with verbs that have a either the vowel ㅗ (o), orㅏ (a) in the verb stem's
final syllable.
♣ Examples: ♣
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 6
☞ Construction #2: Verb stem + -어☜
We use this ending with verbs that have any vowel other than the vowels ㅗ (o), orㅏ (a) in the
verb stem's final syllable.
♣ Examples: ♣
♣ Examples: ♣
☞ Note: ☜
There are a number of different contractions and/or deletions for conjugations that have
consecutive vowels. Please refer to the Verb Conjugation Chart for a full chart and
explanation.
http://www.koreanclass101.com/learningcenter/reference/conjugation_list
Possessive Pronouns
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 7
나 지금 친구 집에 가.
"I'm going to my friend's house."
We use possessive pronouns to attribute ownership of an object to someone. Like any other
pronoun, these replace the nouns. We use different possessive pronouns according to the
speaker's relationship with the listener. Humbling pronouns, neutral pronouns, and intimate
pronouns, all indicate the relationship between the listener and the speaker.
Pronoun +
Possessive Possessive
Romanization "English"
Particle Pronoun
나의 내 nae "my"
너의 니 ni "your"
저의 제 je "my" (humbling)
았/었/였 (as/eos/yeos) is a verbal infix, which is used to convey the past tense. We use 았 for
verbs that have ㅏ or ㅗ as the last vowel in the verb stem. We use 었 for verbs that do not
have ㅏ or ㅗ as the last vowel in the verb stem. We use 였 for 하다 (hada) verbs.
Many times, there are deletions and contractions with consecutive vowels. If a verb stem ends
in a consonant, there are no deletions or contractions. These contraction and deletion rules
follow the 아/어/여 conjugation. Please refer to the grammar bank entry on "아/어/여
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 8
conjugation" to view the rules for contraction and deletion.
☞ Construction ☜
(Contraction and Deletion Rules follow the same rules as the 아/어/여 conjugation. Please
refer to the entry on "아/어/여 conjugation" for contraction and deletion rules.)
♣ Examples: ♣
1. (ㄱ) 먹다 "to eat" = [먹] + [었] + [어] = 먹었어. Simple Past Tense (Intimate Politeness
Level)
2. (ㄴ) 먹다 "to eat" = [먹] + [었] + [어요] = 먹었어요. Simple Past Tense (Standard
Politeness Level)
♣ Example: ♣
In Today's Dialogue
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 9
기억해 is pronounced [기어캐 - gieokae].
CULTURAL INSIGHT
Korean Titles
Koreans don't usually use second person pronouns, unless it is between close friends,
because they are too direct in many situations. Otherwise, they use titles or titles with names
much more commonly in Korea. For example:
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #1 - CAS UALLY S PEAKI NG I N KOREAN: MY FAMI LY I S DOI NG WELL! 10
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #2
Show People Respect with
Korean Honorific Speech
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
4 Vocabulary
5 Sample Sentences
6 Grammar
# 2
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
2. 혜진: 아니...
3. 아저씨: 왜? 아프셔?
6. 혜진: 배가 아퍼.
7. 아저씨: 어떻게?
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
혹시 is pronounced [혹씨].
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
7. AJEOSSI: eotteotke?
ENGLISH
2. HYEJIN: No...
CONT'D OVER
VOCABULARY
식당 sikdang restaurant
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"If you have any questions, please ask." "Do you have ice by any chance?"
"I made a simple dish." "If you are sick, it's all right even if you
don't come."
GRAMMAR
This makes a standard verb (descriptive or action) 존댓말, honorific speech. We don't
necessarily only use it towards people who are in the conversation, but we also use it widely
in order to lift up (honor) the topic of the sentence, a person, or a group of people.
Construction:
아프셔?
"Is she sick?"
To make a verb honorific, take the verb stem, and add -시 or -(으)시. This is now the honorific
form of the verb in the dictionary form.
☞ Remember ☜
The actual politeness level used in the speech is for the person you are talking with. A
sentence can have either a polite ending or the honorific infix, or can also include both.
In Today's Dialogue
♣ More Examples: ♣
In both of the examples above, 가세요 and 보세요 are showing politeness (standard politeness
level) and honorific speech at the same time.
We conjugate verbs that end with the vowel -으 differently than other verbs when the
conjugation starts with a vowel. Essentially, we replace 'ㅡ' with the vowel that starts the
conjugation. When the conjugation starts with a consonant, we conjugate the verb as normal.
The conjugation must start with a vowel. In addition, the verb must end with the '으' vowel, and
not with a consonant for this irregular conjugation to take place. For example, we conjugate
the verb 늦다 (neutda), "to be late" in English, as normal.
Additionally, there is an irregular conjugation when the verb that is being conjugated has two
or more syllables, and the vowel in the syllable immediately preceding the '으' syllable is
either '아' or '오.' Thus, the preceding syllable affects the conjugation. Instead of determining
☞ Examples:☜
2. 끄다 (kkeuda) + 아/어/여 conjugation - "to turn off" + Intimate Simple Present Tense
conjugation
A. 끄 (kkeu) + 아/어/여 conjugation - verb stem + Intimate Simple Present Tense
conjugation
B. ㄲ + 아/어/여 conjugation - verb stem (with the vowel 으 removed) + 어 (this
conjugation is used because there is no 아 or 오 vowel to affect the conjugation)
C. 꺼 (kkeo) "to turn off" (Intimate Politeness Level simple present tense conjugation)
In Today's Dialogue
In both of the sentences above, 혜진(hyejin) said "아퍼" instead of "아파." This is very common
among younger people and especially children.
Beginner S2 #3
Korean Commands: Please, Bring
Me Some Coffee!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
3 English
4 Alternative Transcript
5 Vocabulary
6 Sample Sentences
8 Grammar
10 Cultural Insight
# 3
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
1. 직원: 어서 오십시오!
3. 아저씨: 돈 주세요!!
4. 직원: 네?!
7. 직원: 어디 아프셔요?
8. 혜진: 배가 아프셔요...
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
4. JIGWON: ne?!
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
12. WAITER: We're sorry. We're very sorry. We can't give you any money...are
you all right with tacos?
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
CONT'D OVER
2. 직원: 어서 오십시오!
4. 아저씨: 돈 주십시오!!
5. 직원: 네?!
9. 혜진: 배가 아프십니다...
10. 직원: 아... 네... 죄송합니다. 여기.. 오십시오... (작은 목소리로) 저희 살사를
드셨습니까?
VOCABULARY
앉다 antda to sit
주다 juda to give
돈 don money
오다 oda to come
살사 salsa salsa
타코 tako taco
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"Come here and sit." "I'm sitting on a chair and reading a book."
안 돼. 먹지 마. 계산대로 가서 돈을 내자.
an dwae. meokji ma.
"Let's go to the counter and pay the bill."
"No! Don't eat it."
돈 줘! 지운이 지금 와?
don jwo!
"Is Jiun coming now?"
"Give me money!"
타코 주세요. 그거 정말이야?
geugeo jeongmaliya?
"Give me a taco, please."
"Is that for real?"
우와! 정말 빠르다!
uwa! jeongmal ppareuda!
GRAMMAR
Affirmative Imperative
Construction
The conjugation is identical to the intimate politeness level (아/어/여) and standard politeness
level (아/어/여요). These stay in their respective politeness levels.
Note: Many times the standard politeness imperative uses the honorific infix 시 (si) because
it's asking someone or telling someone to do something. This is to be polite.
We do not use the formal politeness imperative often in casual spoken Korean, or even in
formal situations. We generally reserve it for people of extreme importance (i.e. Kings,
Queens, Royalty, Presidents, High-ranking military officials, etc.).
Note: Often, we can find the written form (으)시오 on signs on the street, giving warning or
directions to the public. The spoken version of this can be found in many historical Korean
dramas as well, however, its use is only relegated to written Korean in modern Korean.
In This Dialogue
아저씨: 돈 주세요!!
Man: "Give me money!!"
♣ More Examples: ♣
CULTURAL INSIGHT
Beginner S2 #4
Talk About Your Abilities: What
Can You Do in Korea?
CONTENTS
1 Introduction
2 Korean Hangul
3 Romanization
4 English
5 Alternative Transcript
6 Vocabulary
6 Sample Sentences
8 Hangul Vocabulary
8 Grammar
14 Cultural Insight
# 4
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
INTRODUCTION
Someone is being interviewed for a job. This conversation takes place in the middle of an
interview.
KOREAN HANGUL
2. 이윤석: 영어 할 수 있습니다.
3. 과장님: 일본어는?
5. 과장님: 중국어는?
7. 과장님: 프랑스어는?
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 2
14. 이윤석: 네??? (기뻐하며) 어... 네! 야구 할 수 있습니다!
ROMANIZATION
3. GWAJANGNIMF: ilboneo-neun?
5. GWAJANGNIM: junggugeo-neun?
7. GWAJANGNIM: purangseueo-neun?
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 3
13. GWAJANGNIM: yagu-neun? yagu-neun hal su isseoyo?
ENGLISH
1. SECTION CHIEF: Can you speak English? We use a lot of English in this office.
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 4
12. YUNSEOK LEE: Excuse me? Uh...basketball? I can't play basketball...but...
14. YUNSEOK LEE: Excuse me???? Oh, yes! I can play baseball!
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
3. 이윤석: 영어 할 수 있습니다.
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 5
12. 과장님: 농구는? 할 수 있습니까?
VOCABULARY
쓰다 sseuda to use
영어 yeong-eo English
야구 yagu baseball
농구 nonggu basketball
회사 hoesa company
SAMPLE SENTENCES
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 6
고추장을 너무 많이 넣으면 매워요. 많이 배웠어요.
go-chu-jang-eul neo-mu ma-ni neo-eu-myeon mae- mani baewosseoyo.
wo-yo.
"I learned a lot."
"If you put in too much red pepper paste, it
will be spicy."
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 7
농구 하러 갈래? 너희 회사는 어디 있어?
nonggu hareo gallae? neohui hoesa-neun eodi isseo?
HANJA VOCABULARY
GRAMMAR
-ㄹ/을 수있다 (-l/eul su itta) is a grammatical structure we use to express ability, capability, or
possibility (i.e., whether you can or can't speak English, or you can or can't use a computer,
etc.). This structure adds on to the end of both descriptive and action verbs to express the
possibility or capability of that verb. We can translate it as "can," or "able to." The word 수(su)
in this structure means "a way," "a method," or "a possibility," thus making the entire structure
express possibility or ability.
We can conjugate the last verb 있다 (itta) to express politeness level, tense, and mood.
Traditionally, the verb can inflect negation as well, but in this grammatical structure the
negated form would come from the verb opposite the verb 있다 (itta), which is 없다 (eopta). We
can translate the construction -ㄹ/을 수 없다 (-l/eul su eopda) as "cannot" or "not able to."
However, when using the construction ㄹ/을 수 없다 (l/eul su eopda), it carries the notion that
the speaker (or subject of the sentence) was unable to do something because they did not
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 8
have the capacity to perform that activity. Using this structure implies that the subject does not
possess the ability to perform that action. For example, 먹을 수 없어, which means "I can't eat,"
in English, implies "I don't have the ability to eat." When expressing "can't" because of factors
other than inability, we use the impossibility adverb 못 (mot) instead.
☞ Examples:☜
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 9
☞ Examples: ☜
gimchi-reul
김치를 먹을 수 없습니 meogeul su
"I can't eat Kimchi." Formal
다. eopseumnida.
gimchi-reul
김치를 먹을 수 있습니 meogeul su
"I can eat Kimchi." Formal
다. isseumnida.
In This Dialogue
☞ Examples:☜
yeongguk-e sal su
영국에 살 수 있습니다. isseumnida. "I can live in England."
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 10
"Can you come again
내일도 올 수 있어요?
naeil-do ol su isseoyo? tomorrow?"
The Formal Declarative Sentence Ending -ㅂ/습니다 (m/seumnida)- You can attach this to
any verb to form a present tense declarative sentence. This conjugation is in the formal
politeness level.
The Formal Interrogative Sentence Ending -ㅂ/습니까 (m/seumnikka)- This can be attached
to any verb to form a present tense question with that verb. This conjugation is in the formal
politeness level and we use it for very formal situations.
Construction
For both declarative and interrogative statements, add the constructions onto the verb stems.
We add ㅂ onto the verb stem to form a new syllabic block. 니다/니까 (nida/nikka) comes after
the new syllabic block.
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 11
이 - verb stem
이 + ㅂ 니다 = 입니다 "is" (formal declarative)
이 + 습니까 = 입니까? "is?" (formal interrogative)
♣ More Examples: ♣
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 12
회사에 갑니다. hoesa-e gamnida. "I'm going to the company."
Irregular 으 Verbs
We conjugate verbs that end with the vowel 으 differently than other verbs when the
conjugation starts with a vowel. Essentially, we replace 'ㅡ' with the vowel that starts the
conjugation. When the conjugation starts with a consonant, we conjugate the verb as normal.
The conjugation must start with a vowel. In addition, the verb must end with the '으' vowel, and
not with a consonant for this irregular conjugation to take place. For example, we conjugate
the verb 늦다 (neutda), which means "to be late" in English, as normal.
Additionally, there is an irregular conjugation when the verb that we are conjugating has two
or more syllables, and the vowel in the syllable immediately preceding the '으' syllable is
either '아' or '오.' Thus, the preceding syllable affects the conjugation. Instead of determining
which conjugation to use according to 으 (which would typically be a 어 conjugation), we
conjugate the verb as if '아' or '오' was the determining vowel (which would typically be a 아
conjugation).
Construction
Examples:
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 13
conjugation is used because there is no 아 or 오 vowel to affect the conjugation) 써 (sseo) - "to
write" (Intimate Politeness Level simple present tense conjugation)
2. 끄다 (kkeuda) + 아/어/여 conjugation - "to turn off" + Intimate Simple Present Tense
conjugation 끄 (kkeu) + 아/어/여 conjugation - verb stem + Intimate Simple Present Tense
conjugation ㄲ + 아/어/여 conjugation - verb stem (with the vowel 으 removed) + 어 (this
conjugation is used because there is no 아 or 오 vowel to affect the conjugation) 꺼 (kkeo) "to
turn off" (Intimate Politeness Level simple present tense conjugation)
3. 바쁘다 (bappeuda) + 아/어/여 conjugation - "to be busy" + Intimate Simple Present Tense
conjugation 바쁘 (bappeu) + 아/어/여 conjugation - verb stem + Intimate Simple Present Tense
conjugation 바ㅃ (bapp) + 아/어/여 conjugation - verb stem (with the vowel 으 removed) + 아
(this conjugation is used because 아 influences the conjugation) 바빠 (bappa) - "to be
busy" (Intimate Politeness Level simple present tense conjugation)
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples: ♣
"I didn't do my
바빠서 숙제를 못 했어 bappaseo sukje- homework because 바쁘다 (bappeuda)
요. reul mot haesseoyo. I was busy." "to be busy"
CULTURAL INSIGHT
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 14
Korean Interviews
Just like any other place, Korea has an interview system to get a job or to enter a university.
Most Korean companies have a paper screening, one test, and two interviews. After the paper
screening, there is an exam made by the company. If you pass that test, you are eligible to
undergo the first interview. Usually, the first interview is with five or six members of the
company who ask general questions about the institution and the applicant's motive for
applying. If you pass the first interview, there will be a chance to have a second interview. The
second interview is with a higher supervisor. If you pass both interviews, they accept you into
the institution. Sometimes there are more than two interviews. Some large enterprises have
up to three or four interviews, and it differs from year to year.
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #4 - TALK ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES: WHAT CAN YOU DO IN KOREA? 15
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #5
What Can You Do Well? Tell
Them in Korean
CONTENTS
1 Introduction
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
# 5
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
INTRODUCTION
KOREAN HANGUL
ROMANIZATION
4. YUNSEOK LEE: ne... jal deonjimnida. geurigo yeongeo, ilboneo, junggugeo-do jal
hamnida! keompyuteo-do jal hamnida!
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
3. BOSS: Our office baseball team needs a pitcher. Are you good at pitching?
4. YUNSEOK LEE: Yes, I'm good at pitching. And, I'm also good at English, Japanese,
and Chinese. I'm good with computers, too!
VOCABULARY
공 gong ball
잘 jal well
야구 yagu baseball
팀 tim team
투수 tusu pitcher
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"Please don't throw this box around." "Please throw the ball over here."
"I'm watching a baseball game on TV." "Our team made it to the final round."
GRAMMAR
Well -
잘 (jal) is an adverb that means "well," and we use it to describe one's adequate ability or
capability of an action verb. When used in conjunction with the impossibility adverb 못 (mot), it
describes one's inadequate ability or capability of an action verb.
Construction
2. When used in conjunction with 하다 verbs that contain nouns, we place it between the
noun and 하다, as in 명사 + 잘 + 동사 (noun + well + verb).
For example: 농구 잘 해. "I'm good at basketball."
3. When the negative adverb 못 (mot) is used, the order is: 잘 + 못 + 동사 (well + can't +
verb).
For example: 농구 잘 못 해. "I'm not good at basketball."
In This Dialogue
이윤석: 네... 잘 던집니다. 그리고 영어, 일본어, 중국어도 잘 합니다. 컴퓨터도 잘 합니다!
Yunseok Lee: Yes, I'm good at pitching. And, I'm also good at English, Japanese, and
Chinese. I'm good with computers, too!
☞ Examples☜
Beginner S2 #6
Expressing Desires in Korean: I
Want…I Want…I Want!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Alternative Transcript
4 Vocabulary
5 Sample Sentences
6 Grammar
10 Cultural Insight
# 6
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
4. 딸: 아니. 나 주스 마실래.
8. 딸: 좋아 좋아 좋아 좋아!
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
7. APPA: jib-e? keikeu sireo? juseu sireo? ttal, appa-hago noraebang gallae?
ENGLISH
7. FATHER: Home? You don't want cake? You don't want juice? Do you want to
go to noraebang with daddy?
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
CONT'D OVER
5. 딸: 아니오. 저 주스 마실래요.
VOCABULARY
집 jip home
딸기 ttalgi strawberry
딸 ttal daughter
치즈 chizeu cheese
주스 juseu juice
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"My daughter is entering university this "Have you ever tried cheese and apple?"
year."
"Since the weather is nice, let's go on a "I like the Korean teacher."
picnic."
"I like eating galbi and drinking soju." "I want to drink some cold beer."
GRAMMAR
Construction
In This Dialogue
딸: 아니. 나 주스 마실래.
ttal: ani. na juseu masillae.
Daughter: "No, I want juice."
♣ More Examples ♣
Korean Conjunction하고
Construction
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
seonsaengnim-hago bap
선생님하고 밥 먹었어요. meogeosseoyo. "I ate with the teacher."
bap-hago, jjigae-hago,
☆ 밥하고, 찌개하고, 갈비하 galbi-hago, gimchi "We ate rice, stew, galbi,
고, 김치 먹었어요. meogeosseoyo. and kimchi."
☆ Please note: We affix -하고 (-hago) to all the nouns in coordination with the exception of the
last noun.
☞ Remember ☜
-하고 = -이랑/랑 = -과/와
There are several ways to say "and" to link nouns in Korean and the three above are the most
common expressions. -하고 and -이랑/랑 are equally colloquial and we use -과/와 in more
formal situations or in writing.
♣ More Examples ♣
Korean Construction
CULTURAL INSIGHT
Korean Karaoke
Beginner S2 #7
Korean Verbs: Do You Like
Shopping or Eating?
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
4 Alternative Transcript
4 Vocabulary
5 Sample Sentences
6 Grammar
# 7
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
1. 딸: 아빠, 어디 가?
2. 아빠: 응. 공원!
3. 딸: 공원? 왜?
7. 딸: 싫어 싫어 싫어!
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
2. 딸: 아빠, 어디 가세요?
3. 아빠: 응. 공원!
4. 딸: 공원이요? 왜요?
VOCABULARY
같이 gachi together
공원 gongwon park
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"Since the weather is nice, let's go on a "I like the Korean teacher."
picnic."
"I met a friend at the park." "Why are you studying Korean?"
저는 겨울이 싫어요.
jeo-neun gyeoul-i sireoyo.
GRAMMAR
We can nominalize most Korean action verbs by taking the verb stem and attaching -기 (gi) at
the end. This nominalization is very important to remember since we use it with many other
grammatical structures. With the new construction, we can use the verb as a noun.
These verbal nouns indicate activity, quality, quantity, extent, or state of being. When
nominalized, we translate these nominalized verbs as "(verb)ing, to (verb), (adjective)ness."
Another way of nominalizing a verb is to attach -는 것 (neun geot) at the end. Please see the
next section for the difference between these two methods of nominalization.
Construction
Verb Stem + -기
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
☞ Remember ☜
In Korean, we cannot use the infinitive form of verbs as nouns. We must nominalize these
verbs with a verb nominalizer such as -기 - (gi).
When we use these nominalized verbs as subjects, they take the subject marking particle -가
(-ga). When we use them as objects, they use the object marking particle -를 (-reul).
Another, more general way of nominalizing a verb is to use the grammatical construction -는
것 (-neun geot). We use this structure to nominalize action verbs and it indicates "the act of
(verb)ing." It stresses the fact or manner of "(verb)ing." It can be translated as "(verb)ing."
Often times, 것 (geot) is changed to 거 (geo) to make pronunciation easier and for speech to
flow more easily. We use 거 (geo) in spoken Korean. Although the subject marking particle -가
(ga) would naturally follow 거 (geo), we change 거 (geo) to 게 (ge), assuming that the other
subject marking particle -이 (i) is following right behind it.
것이 = 거이 = 게
When we use 거 (geo) in conjunction with the object marking particle, -를 (reul), it becomes 거
를 (geo-reul). But this is often contracted to 걸 (geol) in speech.
것을 = 거를 = 걸
Construction
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
ilhaneun geos-i
일하는 것이 힘들어요. himdeureoyo. "Working is tiring."
bi omyeon yeonghwa-reul
비 오면 영화를 보는 것이 습관 boneun goes-i seupgwan- "It is my habit to watch a
이에요. ieyo. movie if it rains."
☞ Generally☜
We can use 는 것 (-neun geot) for almost every context where -기 (-gi) is used, with the
exception of -기 좋다 / 어렵다 / 편리하다 (-gi jota/eoreopda/pyeonrihada/etc.) ("good"/"difficult"/
"convenient for doing something," etc.).
☞ Note: ☜
We can use -는 것 (-neun geot) for the context that can be translated in English as
"(someone) doing (something)" or "the fact that (someone) does (something)," whereas -기 (-
gi) cannot be translated this way.
♣ More Examples ♣
☞ Note: ☜
Often times, we can use -기 and -는 것in the same context at the same time, just as in the
dialogue for this lesson. 기 usually represents an immediate or current action, whereas -는 것
means the general act of doing something.
Beginner S2 #8
Korean Negation: It Was NOT me!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
4 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Grammar
# 8
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
1. 딸: 아빠... 춥지 않아?
5. 딸: (멀어지는 목소리) 아빠 빨리 와!
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
ENGLISH
2. DAD: (trembling with cold) I’m okay. I’m not cold. I’m not cold! I’m not cold!
CONT'D OVER
VOCABULARY
오다 oda to come
진짜 jinjja really
춥다 chupda to be cold
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"Don't wait for me. Please go first." "You look tired today."
빨리 일어나! 어제 영화 재미있었어요?
ppalli ireona. eoje yeong-hwa jaemi-isseosseoyo?
"Do you have a lot of homework today, "We are NOT family now on."
too?"
GRAMMAR
This structure is attached to the end of verbs (both descriptive and action) to negate these
verbs. 않다 (anta) can be conjugated to reflect politeness level, tense, mood, etc.
Construction
Verb Stem + 지 않다
In This Dialogue
딸: 아빠... 춥지 않아?
ttal: appa...chupji anha?
Daughter: "Daddy...aren't you cold?"
♣ More Examples ♣
☞ Remember ☜
Another way a sentence can be negated is by using the negative adverb 안 (an). The
difference between the two is that we consider 안 (an) more colloquial, and we consider 지 않
다 (ji anta) the standard way to negate a sentence. 지 않다 (ji anta) would be the negation
most likely found in novels, textbooks, and newspapers, however, it is still used commonly in
colloquial situations. You would most likely hear 안 (an) during a conversation and typically,
you would not find it in formal written documents.
With irregular ㅂ (b) verbs, the verb stem ends with ㅂ. If this is followed by a construction that
starts with a vowel, then the ㅂ is changed to 오 (o) or 우 (u) (most of the time ㅂ is changed to
우). The conjugation then affects 오 or 우. When the verb stem ends with the vowel -ㅏ or -ㅗ, it
is followed by 오. When verb stem ends with any vowel other than -ㅏ and -ㅗ, it is followed by
우.
Construction
The last consonant of the verb stem (which is ㅂ) is changed to either 우 or 오. The
conjugation then affects 오 or 우.
In This Dialogue
This conversation does not show the irregular conjugation because the construction that adds
onto the verb stem starts with a consonant.
딸: 아빠... 춥지 않아?
ttal: appa...chubpji anha?
Daughter: "Daddy...aren't you cold?"
Please look below to see an example of the irregular conjugation with this verb
♣ More Examples ♣
맵다 매워.
밉다 미워.
눕다 누워.
☞ Remember ☜
The following verbs are exceptions and don't follow the rule above. Therefore, we conjugate
these like other regular verbs.
Beginner S2 #9
Korean Particles: For Business OR
Pleasure!
CONTENTS
1 Introduction
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Grammar
8 Cultural Insight
# 9
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
INTRODUCTION
(미팅 자리에서) - At a "meeting" 민수 (Minsu) and 수진 (Sujin) have really hit it off and are in
deep conversation with each other.
KOREAN HANGUL
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
ENGLISH
3. MINJU: Wow! You read or work out...what kind of exercise do you do?
7. MINSU: Oh, then shall we go to the golf course together this Saturday or
Sunday?
VOCABULARY
요가 yoga yoga
골프 golpeu golf
운동 undong exercise
낮잠 najjam nap
주말 jumal weekend
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"It's time for some nap." "How do you usually spend your
weekends?"
"Then, when will you go home?" "I take an English class on Monday."
"What are you doing this Thursday?" "Do you have time on Fridays?"
토요일에 같이 놀러가자.
toyoil-e gachi nolleogaja.
GRAMMAR
(이)나 [-(i)na] is a particle that attaches to nouns. It has a number of usages that can change
the translation. In the context of this conversation, we used -(이)나 as demonstrated below in
Usage 1.
Usages:
2. When we use it with only one noun, -(이)나 usually means "just" or "and don't even
think about others (or other things)."
A. For example: 숙제나 해! "Just do your homework."
3. When we use it in conjunction with time phrases, the time given is an approximation. (
이)나, in this situation, is often translated as "about" or "approximately."
A. For example: 몇 시간이나 걸렸어요? "About how many hours did it take?"
4. We can use it to express one's missed expectations. In this situation, we use it when it
is much more than one expects. When used in this manner it gives off the nuance
"much more than I expected."
A. For example: 그 영화는 3시간이나 걸렸어요. "That movie lasted three hours, much
more than I expected."
Construction
(이)나 [-(i)na] is a particle and we attach it to the end of nouns. For all the following
constructions, we use -이나 (-ina) with nouns ending in consonants, and -나 (-na) with words
ending in vowels.
1. Usage 1
A. 명사 + -(이)나 + 명사
B. myeongsa + -(i)na + myeongsa
C. noun + or + noun
D. Example: 매일 한국어나 영어를 공부해요. (maeil hangugeo-na yeongeo-reul
gongbuhaeyo.) "I study Korean or English every day."
3. Usage 3
A. 시간 표현 + -(이)나
B. sigan pyohyeon+ -(i)na
C. time phrase + about
D. Example: 몇 시간이나 걸렸어요? (myeot sigan-ina geollyeosseoyo?) "About how
many hours did it take?"
4. Usage 4
A. 표현 + -(이)나
B. pyohyeon + -(i)na
C. phrase + (more than I expected)
D. Example: 그 영화는 3시간이나 걸렸어요. (geu yeonghwa-neun se sigan-ina
geollyeosseoyo.) "That movie was three hours long(much more than I expected)."
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
i tisyeocheu-ga
이 티셔츠가 10만원이나 해 sipmanwon-ina haeyo? "This t-shirt costs 100,000
요? 미쳤어요? michyeosseoyo? won? Are you crazy?"
CULTURAL INSIGHT
Korean "Meetings"
미팅 (miting) is the Koreanized English word for "meeting." Koreans use it to refer to a group
blind date. Typically, a friend will meet someone, and ask that person to bring friends to an
agreed place and time. Both parties will usually bring the same number of people for each
party so that everyone can have a matching pair. Also synonym is 소개팅(sogaeting) which
people meet by introducting each other's friend. Also for reference, 미팅 is also used to
literally mean 'meeting' as well at work or business.
Beginner S2 #10
Korean Particles: From Now Until
Eternity!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
# 10
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
VOCABULARY
뭔가 mwonga something
부터 buteo from
얼굴 eolgul face
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"I have an arrangement to meet someone "The bug is cleaning its face."
tomorrow."
하루 종일 잠만 잤어요.
haru jong-il jam-man jasseoyo
GRAMMAR
-부터 (-buteo) is a particle which marks a point in time or a certain location in which a certain
action starts. We can translate it as "from," "since," or "starting from."
Conversely, -까지 (kkaji) is a particle which marks a point in time or a certain location in which
a certain action ends. We can translate it as "until," or "up to."
Generally speaking, we use these two particles to mark the length or duration of an action.
Construction
1. Time word + 부터
A. 어제 (eoje) "yesterday"
B. 어제 + 부터 = 어제부터 (eoje-buteo) "since yesterday"
C. Example: 어제부터 피곤했어. (eoje-buteo pigonhaesseo.) "I was tired since
yesterday."
3. Time word + 까지
A. 6시 (yeol si) "six o'clock"
B. 6시 + 까지 = 6시까지 (yeol si-kkaji) "until six o'clock"
C. Example: 친구랑 6시까지 있을 거야. (chingu-rang yeol si-kkaji isseul geoya.) "I'm
going to be with my friend until six o'clock."
4. Location word + 까지
A. 시장 (sijang) "market"
B. 시장 + 까지 = 시장까지 (sijang-kkaji) "up to the market"
C. Example: 시장까지 데려다 줄게. (sijang-kkaji deryeoda julge.) "I'll drive you up to
(until) the market."
In This Dialogue
☞ Remember ☜
In certain situations -까지 (-kkaji) can also mean "even." In this case, 까지 (kkaji) is linked to
nouns.
♣ More Examples ♣
1. 친구들까지 만났어?
(chingu-kkaji mannasseo?)
"You even met his friends?"
2. 우유까지 사 왔어?
(uyu-kkaji sa wasseo?)
"You even bought milk?"
Indefinite Pronoun:
We can use the question word 뭐 (mwo) as the indefinite pronoun "something" by adding on a
simple conjugation. We can use this as an undefined noun.
뭐 + ㄴ가
뭔가 (mwonga) "something"
뭔가 샀어? (mwonga sasseo?) "Did you buy something?"
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
akka mwonga
아까 뭔가 떨어졌어. tteoreojyeosseo. "Something fell earlier."
☞ Remember ☜
1. We often pronounce the indefinite noun 뭔가 (mwonga) the same as the interrogative,
뭐 (mwo). This was the case in this lesson's dialogue.
Beginner S2 #11
My Family in Korea Loves Your
Thoughtfulness!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
7 Cultural Insight
# 11
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
3. 수진: 알아!
6. 보라: 네?
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
3. (3)SUJIN: ara!
CONT'D OVER
6. (6)BORA: ne?
ENGLISH
3. SUJIN: I know!
VOCABULARY
거울 geo-ul mirror
제 je my (polite)
손 son hand
SAMPLE SENTENCES
제 이름은 민수입니다. 손 좀 줘 봐.
je ireumeun minsuimnida. son jom jwo bwa.
GRAMMAR
We use possessive pronouns to attribute ownership of an object to someone. Like any other
pronoun, these replace the nouns. We use different possessive pronouns according to the
speaker's relationship with the listener. Humbling pronouns, neutral pronouns, and intimate
pronouns, all indicate the relationship between the listener and the speaker.
Construction
In reality, possessive pronouns are a contraction of pronouns and the possessive particle (
의).
In This Dialogue
More Examples
2. 이게 내 차야.
ige nae cha-ya.
"This is my car."
3. 니 연필 줘.
ni yeonpil jwo.
"Give me your pencil."
5. 저희 집은 좁아요.
jeohui jib-eun jobayo.
"My home is small." (polite)
CULTURAL INSIGHT
We only use second-person pronouns ("you") with those on familiar terms. Rather than saying
"you," Korean speakers often choose to use the person's name to address the person. This
was the case in this conversation. 보라 (Bora) who is friends with 수진 (Sujin) uses the second
person possessive pronoun 니 (ni). 민수 (minsu), who has just met these two for the first time,
is using their names to address them.
Beginner S2 #12
Who Was With You in Korea…
AND What Were You Doing?
CONTENTS
1 Introduction
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Alternative Transcript
4 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Grammar
12 Cultural Insight
# 12
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
INTRODUCTION
KOREAN HANGUL
2. 현석: 죄송합니다.
5. 엄마: 어디 갔어?!
7. 엄마: 야 이 녀석아!
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
2. HYEONSEOK: joesonghamnida.
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 2
3. EOMMA: neo nugu-rang gachi isseosseo?!
7. EOMMA: ya i nyeoseog-a!
ENGLISH
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 3
1. 현석 (hyeonseok)'s lines in the formal politeness level
3. 현석: 죄송합니다.
6. 엄마: 어디 갔어?!
8. 엄마: 야 이 녀석아!
VOCABULARY
누구 nugu who
같이 gachi together
야 ya hey, you
늦다 neutda to be late
중국 jungguk China
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 4
SAMPLE SENTENCES
GRAMMAR
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 5
In this lesson, we will discuss the Korean linking particles -하고 (-hago), -(이)랑 [-(i)rang], and -
와/과 (-wa/gwa). We will also discuss the Korean verbal infix we use to convey the past.
- 하고(-hago)
"And, With"
We use -하고 (-hago) to link nouns in coordination in a sentence. We can translate it as "with,"
or "and," both of which must be implied from context. -하고 (-hago) links the nouns in
consecutive order. We can use -하고 (-hago) with as many nouns as desired. However, we
must link it to each noun in coordination. When we use this particle with one noun, a non-
present noun is assumed to be connected to the linked noun. In this case, we still translate it
as "with" or "and." This particle is interchangeable with -(이)랑 [(-i)rang], and is considered
conversational Korean.
Construction
In This Dialogue
More Examples
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 6
seonsaengnim-hago bap
선생님하고 밥 먹었어요.
meogeosseoyo. "I ate with the teacher."
bap-hago, jjigae-hago,
밥하고, 찌개하고, 갈비하고, 김 galbi-hago, gimchi "We ate rice, stew, galbi,
치 먹었어요. meogeosseoyo. and kimchi."
Please note: -하고 (-hago) is suffixed to all the nouns in the sequence.
- (이)랑 [-(i)rang]
And, With
Construction
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 7
In This Dialogue
More Examples
1. 선생님이랑 밥 먹었어요.
seonsaengnim-irang bap meogeosseoyo.
"I ate with the teacher."
- 와/과 (-wa/gwa)
And, With
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 8
must link it to each noun in coordination. When we use this particle with one noun, a non-
present noun is assumed to be connected to the linked noun. In this case, we still translate it
as "with" or "and." This particle is interchangeable with -하고 (-hago) and -(이)랑 [-(i)rang], and
we consider it formal Korean. We do not use -와/과 (-wa/gwa) as often as -하고 (-hago) and -(
이)랑 [-(i)rang] in conversational Korean, but we can find it more often in written Korean.
Construction
More Examples
-았/었/였
Past Tense
We use 았 for verbs that have ㅏ or ㅗ as the last vowel in the verb stem.
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 9
We use 었 for verbs that do not have ㅏ or ㅗ as the last vowel in the verb stem.
We use 였 for 하다 (hada) verbs.
Many times, there are deletions and contractions with repeating vowels. If a verb-stem ends in
a consonant, there are no deletions or contractions. These contraction and deletion rules
follow the 아/어/여 conjugation. Please refer to the grammar bank entry on -아/어/여
conjugation to refer to rules for contraction and deletion.
In This Dialogue
Construction
(Contraction and Deletion Rules follow the same rules as the 아/어/여 conjugation. Please
refer to entry on 아/어/여 conjugation in the grammar bank for contraction and deletion rules.)
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 10
1. (ㄱ)
Example: 먹다 ("to eat")
먹 - verb stem
[Verb Stem] + [었] + [Intimate Politeness Level - 아/어/여]
[먹] + [었] +[어]
먹었어. - Simple Past Tense (Intimate Politeness Level)
2. (ㄴ)
Example: 먹다 ("to eat")
먹 - verb stem
[Verb Stem] + [었] + [Standard Politeness Level - 아/어/여 + 요]
[먹] + [었] +[어요]
먹었어요. - Simple Past Tense (Standard Politeness Level)
3. (ㄷ)
Example: 먹다 ("to eat")
먹 - verb stem
[Verb Stem] + [었] + [Formal Politeness Level - 습니다]
[먹] + [었] +[습니다]
먹었습니다. - Simple Past Tense (Formal Politeness Level)
4. (ㄱ)
Example: 배우다 ("to learn")
배우 - Verb Stem
[Verb Stem] + [었] + [Intimate Politeness Level - 아/어/여]
[배우] + [었] + [어]
배웠어. - Simple Past Tense (Intimate Politeness Level)
5. (ㄴ)
Example: 배우다 ("to learn")
배우 - Verb Stem
[Verb Stem] + [었] + [Standard Politeness Level - 아/어/여 + 요]
[배우] + [었] + [어요]
배웠어요. - Simple Past Tense (Standard Politeness Level)
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 11
6. (ㄷ)
Example: 배우다 ("to learn")
배우 - Verb Stem
[Verb Stem] + [었] + [Formal Politeness Level - 습니다]
[배우] + [었] + [습니다]
배웠습니다. - Simple Past Tense (Formal Politeness Level)
More Examples
1. 어제 뭐 했었습니까?
eoje mwo haesseosseumnikka?
"What did you do yesterday?"
2. 저 저번주에 생일이었습니다.
jeo jeobeonju-r saengil-ieosseumnida.
"It was my birthday last week."
CULTURAL INSIGHT
When people are being scolded by their family members or by someone they are on close
terms with, many times they will be addressed by their full name (as was the case in today's
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 12
situation). It is a bit on the feminine side to call someone in this manner. It is an attempt to
bring attention to the person.
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #12 - WHO WAS WITH YOU IN KOREA…AND WHAT WERE YOU DOING? 13
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #13
Before We Went Home We Ate at
the New Korean Restaurant!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
7 Cultural Insight
# 13
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KOREAN HANGUL
2. 엄마: 텔레비전 보기 전에 숙제 해!
3. 아들: 네...
6. 아들: 네...
8. 엄마: 텔레비전 보기 전에 샤워 해.
9. 아들: 네...
ROMANIZATION
3. ADEUL: ne...
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #13 - BEFORE WE WENT HOME WE AT E AT T HE NEW KOREAN RES T AURANT ! 2
6. ADEUL: ne...
9. ADEUL: ne...
ENGLISH
3. SON: Okay...
4. SON: (After finishing all the homework) Mom! I did all my homework. I
want to watch TV.
6. SON: Okay...
9. SON: Okay...
VOCABULARY
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #13 - BEFORE WE WENT HOME WE AT E AT T HE NEW KOREAN RES T AURANT ! 3
Hangul R omanization English
숙제 sukjje homework
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"Take a shower and eat dinner." "The tourists watched the sunset."
혼자 텔레비전 봐.
honja tellebijeon bwa.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson is Expressing One Action "Before" Another With - 기 전에
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #13 - BEFORE WE WENT HOME WE AT E AT T HE NEW KOREAN RES T AURANT ! 4
텔레비전 보기 전에 숙제 해!
terebijyeon bogi jeone sukjje hae!
"Do your homework before you watch TV."
We use this grammatical pattern to set a timeline and express an action that occurs before
another action. This pattern emphasizes the last action in the construction. We use the first
action to give a time reference. We translate this construction as "before (verb1), (verb2)."
We use this pattern to connect two verbs. We express politeness level, tense, negation, and
mood through the second verb.
Construction
This construction uses two verbs. The second verb expresses the politeness level, tense,
negation, and mood.
For example:
자 + 기 전에 + 먹다
자기 전에 먹다 (jagi jeon-e meokda) - "eat before sleeping"
자기 전에 먹었어. "I ate before sleeping."
자기 전에 못 먹었어. "I couldn't eat before sleeping."
In This Dialogue
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #13 - BEFORE WE WENT HOME WE AT E AT T HE NEW KOREAN RES T AURANT ! 5
1. 엄마: 텔레비전 보기 전에 숙제 해!
tellebijyeon bogi jeone sukje hae!
Mom: "Do your homework before you watch TV."
3. 엄마: 텔레비전 보기 전에 샤워 해.
tellebijyeon bogi jeone syawo hae.
Mom: "Take a shower before you watch TV."
More Examples
Remember
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #13 - BEFORE WE WENT HOME WE AT E AT T HE NEW KOREAN RES T AURANT ! 6
This grammatical construction is actually the nominalization of Verb 1 followed by the 전에
(jeone). 전 (jeon) means "before" and 에 (e) is the time marking particle.
CULTURAL INSIGHT
Just as there is Western style to sit, there is an original Korean style which is to sit on the
floor. So when watching TV, many Korean families will still sit on the floor. Also not only
watching television, but other many activities also take place on the floor as well such as
having a meal.
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #13 - BEFORE WE WENT HOME WE AT E AT T HE NEW KOREAN RES T AURANT ! 7
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #14
At School Today, I Learned to
Read AND Write in Korean!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
# 14
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
4. 엄마: 조현석!!!!!!
5. 현석: 네...
ROMANIZATION
4. EOMMA: johyeonseok!!!!!!!
5. HYEONSEOK: ne...
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #14 - AT SCHOOL TODAY, I LEARNED TO READ AND WRITE IN KOREAN! 2
1. HYEONSEOK: Mom...I cleaned my room, did the laundry, did my homework, and
studied. I want to watch television.
2. MOM: No! Make dinner, do my laundry, do your father's laundry, and make
tomorrow's breakfast!
VOCABULARY
방 bang room
SAMPLE SENTENCES
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #14 - AT SCHOOL TODAY, I LEARNED TO READ AND WRITE IN KOREAN! 3
일요일마다 집을 청소해요. 너 오늘 힘들어 보여.
ilyoil-mada jib-eul cheongsohaeyo neo oneul himdeureo boyeo.
"I have too much work so I'm tired." "My room is the biggest in my house."
매일 매일 빨래해! 나는 아침 밥을 먹지 않아.
maeil maeil bbalraehae!
"I don't eat breakfast!"
"Do your laundry everyday!"
"What are you making?" "I was tired yesterday, so I went to bed
early."
오늘 너무 피곤해요.
oneul neomu pigonhaeyo.
GRAMMAR
We use 고 (go) to connect verbs together. Generally, we translate it as "and" in English, and it
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #14 - AT SCHOOL TODAY, I LEARNED TO READ AND WRITE IN KOREAN! 4
works like the English conjunction "and." We also use it for connecting two or more clauses
together in a single sentence. When used in a sequence of verbs, the last verb in the
sequence does not carry 고 (go).
Construction
Past Tense
Verb Stem + 았/었/였 + 고
(Verb Stem 1) + 았/었/였 + 고, (Verb Stem 2) + 았/었/였 + 고, (Verb 3)
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #14 - AT SCHOOL TODAY, I LEARNED TO READ AND WRITE IN KOREAN! 5
3. 한국어 공부했고, 집에 갔어요.
hangugeo gongbu haetgo, jib-e gasseoyo.
"I studied Korean and went home."
In This Dialogue
Remember
2. Even when았/었/였 does not precede -고, if the whole sentence is in the past tense
(determined by the last verb of the sentence), -고 can refer to the past, as it's shown in
example numbers 3 and 4 below.
More Examples
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #14 - AT SCHOOL TODAY, I LEARNED TO READ AND WRITE IN KOREAN! 6
Korean Romanized "English"
hakgyo-eseo sueop
학교에서 수업 듣고 공부하고 deutgo gongbuhago "I went to class, studied at
왔어요. wasseoyo. school, and came back."
eoje-neun chingudeul-eul
어제는 친구들을 만났고, 술을 mannatgo, sul-eul "I met friends and had a
마셨어요. masyeosseoyo. drink yesterday."
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #14 - AT SCHOOL TODAY, I LEARNED TO READ AND WRITE IN KOREAN! 7
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #15
While You’re in Korea, Be
Prepared to Work Hard!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
6 Cultural Insight
# 15
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
6. 대현 사장님: 일?
7. (동시에): 푸하하하하하하!
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
7. (TOGETHER): puhahahahahahah!
ENGLISH
7. (TOGETHER): Hahahahahahahaha!
VOCABULARY
과자 gwaja snacks
맥주 maekju beer
SAMPLE SENTENCES
우리 사장은 돈이 많지 않아요. 과자 많이 먹지 마.
uri sajangeun doni manji anayo.
"Don't eat a lot of snacks!"
"Our boss doesn't have a lot of money."
너무 심심해서 전화했어.
neomu simsimhaeseo jeonhwahaesseoyo.
GRAMMAR
Construction
For example:
For example:
Remember
The verbs 듣다 ("to listen"), 걷다 ("to walk"), 싣다 ("to load"), and 묻다 ("to ask") change the
ending of the verb stems and we combine them with -으면서 to become 들으면서, 걸으면서, 실으
면서, and 물으면서.
ㅂ irregular verbs such as 줍다 ("to pick up") and 굽다 ("to bake") change the ending of the
verb stems and we combine them with -우면서 to become 주우면서 and 구우면서.
In This Dialogue
More Examples
CULTURAL INSIGHT
Beginner S2 #16
Shall We Go to Sinchon and
Enjoy the Korean Nightlife?
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Grammar
# 16
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 2
4. DAEHYEON animyeon dogil-e gaseo, maekju-reul masilkkayo?
SAJANGNIM:
ENGLISH
VOCABULARY
독일 dokil Germany
축구 chukgu soccer
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 3
불꽃놀이 bulkkonnoli fireworks
골프 golpeu golf
영국 yeongguk England
맥주 maekju beer
SAMPLE SENTENCES
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 4
한국 사람들은 술집에서 맥주를 마실 때, 김 맥주 마셔.
이나 마른오징어를 함께 먹습니다. maekju masyeo
hanguk saramdeureun suljibeseo maekjureul
masil ttae, gimina mareunojingeoreul hamkke "Drink some beer."
meokseumnida.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson is the Volitional Form and Connecting Actions With "and" -아/어/
여+서
그럼 하와이에 가서, 골프를 칠까요?
"Then do you want to go to Hawaii and play golf?"
We use this grammatical pattern to connect one action to another. The first clause gives
reason or logical basis for what happens in the second clause. This is similar to -고, but -아/어/
여+서 express a more logical bond between the two actions or the order in which the two
actions happen.
Construction
I. We use -아서 (-aseo) with verbs that have either the vowel ㅗ (o) orㅏ (a) in the verb stem's
final syllable.
For example:
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 5
Note: We often fuse -아 (-a) in -아서 (-aseo) into verb stems if the verb stem doesn't end in a
consonant.
For example:
1. 가(다) + -아서 = 가서
2. 오(다) + -아서 = 와서
II. We use -어서 (-eoseo) with verbs that have any vowel other than the vowels ㅗ (o) orㅏ (a)
in the verb stem's final syllable.
For example:
Note: We often fuse -어 (-eo) in -어서 (-eoseo) into verb stems if the verb stem doesn't end in a
consonant.
For example:
2. 크(다) + -어서 = 커서
Note: We fuse -여 (-yeo) in -여서 (-yeoseo) into 하 (ha) - the verb stem of 하다 (hada). This
results in 해 (hae).
In This Dialogue
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 6
Seongsam CEO: "Then do
성삼 사장님: 그럼 하와이에 가
geureom hawai-e gaseo you want to go to Hawaii
서, 골프를 칠까요?
golpeu-reul chilkkayo? and play golf?"
Seongsam CEO:
"Hmm...shall we go to
성삼 사장님: 흠... 영국에 가서, heum... yeongguk-e gaseo,
England and watch
축구를 볼까요? chukgu-reul bolkkayo?
soccer?"
More Examples
hanguk-e gaseo
한국에 가서 김치찌개를 먹어 gimchijjigae-reul "Let's go to Korea and eat
요. meogeoyo. Kimchijjigae."
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 7
sinchon-e gaseo os-eul "I went to Sinchon and
신촌에 가서 옷을 샀어요.
sasseoyo. bought some clothes."
We use the volitional form to express intention on the part of the speaker or to invite someone
to do something. Specifically, we use it when asking someone if one would like to do
something with the speaker, or with a group that includes the speaker. In English, we can
translate it as, "shall we...?"
In addition to inviting someone to do something, we also use it to ask for one's opinion, view,
or appraisal about a certain fact. In this specific usage, we translate it as, "will it be (verb)?"
Construction
For example:
For example:
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 8
재미있을까요? (jaemiisseulkkayo?) "Will it be fun?" / "What do you think?" (Standard
Politeness Level)
재미있을까? (jaemiisseulkka?) "Will it be fun?" / "What do you think?" (Intimate Politeness
Level)
In This Dialogue
More Examples
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 9
igeos-eun eodi-e "Where do you want me to
이것은 어디에 놓을까요?
noeulkkayo? put this?"
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #16 - SHALL WE GO TO SINCHON AND ENJOY THE KOREAN NIGHTLIFE? 10
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #17
Because it Rained in Korea
Yesterday, We Couldn’t Go!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
6 Cultural Insight
# 17
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KOREAN HANGUL
6. 유근: 네.
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
ENGLISH
VOCABULARY
학교 hakgyo school
비 bi rain
오늘 oneul today
내일 naeil tomorrow
어제 eoje yesterday
춥다 chupda to be cold
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"I saw a movie with a friend yesterday." "It's cold, right? Please, come in."
GRAMMAR
때문에 generally expresses a stronger justification of the consequence than -아/어/여서, and is
equally as strong as -(으)니까. So if you say -기 때문에 or 때문에, you are (in most cases)
indicating that what has happened, is happening, or will happen as a consequence, has all
the right reasons to happen.
Construction
Remember
The syntax order in Korean is often different from that in English, so we can also translate -기
때문에 as "therefore" or "so," depending on which part of the entire sentence you translate first.
In This Dialogue
More Examples
geureoki ttaemune
그렇기 때문에 그만두었어요. geumandueosseoyo. "That's why I quit."
CULTURAL INSIGHT
In Korea, when you attend middle school or high school, many students and parents expect
the 100% attendance rate for granted. This can be because they consider it to be a virtue, or
because the students never really get to think of being absent for school as a possibility-
except for when they are very sick. So when you graduate from middle school and high
school, you get a certificate called 개근상,gaegeunsang, for not being absent at all for the
entire three years.
Beginner S2 #18
I Need to Buy a Sweater in Korea
Because it’s Too Cold!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Hangul Vocabulary
4 Grammar
# 18
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KOREAN HANGUL
5. 유근: 아! 네!
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
5. (5)YUGEUN: a! ne!
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #18 - I NEED TO BUY A SWEATER IN KOREA BECAUSE IT’S TOO COLD! 2
1. YUGEUN: (on the phone) Teacher...I am sick so I can't go to school today.
VOCABULARY
쉬다 swida to rest
몸 mom body
SAMPLE SENTENCES
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #18 - I NEED TO BUY A SWEATER IN KOREA BECAUSE IT’S TOO COLD! 3
꼭 제 생일 파티에 와 주세요. 어제는 피곤해서 일찍 잤어.
kkok je saengil pati-e wa juseyo. eoje-neun pigon-haeseo iljjik jasseo.
"Go home and rest completely." "I can't possibly make it today."
안 돼. 하지 마! 안 돼. 먹지 마.
an dwae. meokji ma.
"You can't. Don't do that!"
"No! Don't eat it."
"My whole body aches." "Fried potato is not good for your health."
HANJA VOCABULARY
GRAMMAR
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #18 - I NEED TO BUY A SWEATER IN KOREA BECAUSE IT’S TOO COLD! 4
The Focus of This Lesson is Expressing Reasons for Actions: "Because" -아/어/여서
오늘은 정말 피곤해서 쉴래요.
"I am very tired today so I am going to rest."
Construction
I. We use -아서 (-aseo) with verbs that have either the vowel ㅗ (o) orㅏ (a) in the verb stem's
final syllable.
For example:
Note: We often fuse -아 (-a) in -아서 (-aseo) into verb stems if the verb stem doesn't end in a
consonant.
II. We use -어서 (-aseo) with verbs that have any vowel other than the vowels ㅗ (o) orㅏ (a) in
the verb stem's final syllable.
For example:
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #18 - I NEED TO BUY A SWEATER IN KOREA BECAUSE IT’S TOO COLD! 5
1. 늦다 (neutda) "to be late"
늦 (neut) - verb stem
▶ 늦 + 어서 ▶ 늦어서
Note: We often fuse -어 (-eo) in -어서 (-eoseo) into verb stems if the verb stem doesn't end in a
consonant.
Note: We fuse -여 (-yeo) in -여서 (-yeoseo) into 하 (ha) - the verb stem of 하다 (hada). This
results in 해 (hae).
IV. Verb stems that end in -르 change to -ㄹ, then we attach them to the previous syllable, and -
라서 follows them.
For example:
In This Dialogue
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #18 - I NEED TO BUY A SWEATER IN KOREA BECAUSE IT’S TOO COLD! 6
1. 유근: 오늘은 몸이 안 좋아서 학교 못 가요.
Yugeun: oneul-eun mom-i an joaseo hakgyo mot gayo.
Yugeun: "I am sick so I can't go to school today."
Remember
For situations in which you make suggestions as to what to do and say, -자 or -ㅂ시다, you
use -(으)니까, and can't use -아/어/여서.
For example:
For situations in which you connect two separate actions in logical order and say, "I did XX
because I did YY," you can use both -기 때문에 and -아/어/여서. However, when you are
apologizing for a past action, you can't say -기 때문에, but must use -아/어/여서 + 죄송합니다/미안
해요/미안해.
For example:
2. Correct: 늦게 와서 미안해.
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #18 - I NEED TO BUY A SWEATER IN KOREA BECAUSE IT’S TOO COLD! 7
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #19
We’re in Korea, So Let’s Go Have
Some Fun!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Alternative Transcript
4 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Grammar
# 19
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KOREAN HANGUL
3. (3)유근: 아…
5. (5)유근: 네.
7. (7)유근: …네…
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
3. (3)YUGEUN: a....
CONT'D OVER
7. (7)YUGEUN: ne...
ENGLISH
3. YUGEUN: Oh...
5. YUGEUN: Okay.
7. YUGEUN: Okay...
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
CONT'D OVER
4. (3)유근: 아…
6. (5)유근: 네.
8. (7)유근: …네…
VOCABULARY
이제 ije now
늦다 neutda to be late
집 jip home
SAMPLE SENTENCES
사진 찍자! 사진 찍자!
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson is Expressing Reasons Related to the Future: Because, Since -
(으)니까
그래도 졸업식이니까, 선생님이랑 사진 찍자.
"But still, it is graduation day, so let's take a picture."
We use -(으)니까 when expressing a reason, along with -기 때문에 (gi ttaemune) and -서 (seo).
While we usually use the other two to express reasons related to the past tense, we usually
use -(으)니까 to express a future decision or a command, or when we use it to discuss a past
action, it expresses something that was rightfully supposed to be that way.
Construction
Construction
For example:
In This Dialogue
In This Dialogue
More Examples
More Examples
비 오니까 가지 말자. bi onikka gaji malja. "It's raining, so let's not go."
Beginner S2 #20
While We Are in Korea, We Intend
to See Everything!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Pronunciation
2 Romanization
3 English
3 Alternative Transcript
4 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
# 20
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KOREAN HANGUL
2. 세진: 지금 공부 하려고.
3. 오빠: 과자 먹을래?
PRONUNCIATION TIPS
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
ENGLISH
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
3. 세진: 지금 공부하려고요.
4. 오빠: 과자 먹을래?
CONT'D OVER
VOCABULARY
과자 gwaja snacks
게임 geim game
나중 najung later
SAMPLE SENTENCES
저 그만 괴롭히세요. 나 좀 괴롭히지 마.
jeo geuman goerophiseyo.
"Don't bother me please."
"Stop bothering me."
과자 많이 먹지 마. 게임 시작해.
geim sijakhae.
"Don't eat a lot of snacks!"
"Start the game."
GRAMMAR
-(으)려고 하다 (-ryeogo hada) is an intentional sentence ending we use with action verbs and
the verb of existence, 있다 (itda). This expresses the subject's intention or determines the
subject's actions. We can use it with all persons (first person, second persons, and third
persons), whereas other intentional sentence endings are limited.
We can translate this grammatical structure as "intend to (verb)," "going to (verb)," and "plan to
(verb)."
We express mood, tense, negation, and politeness levels in the latter part of the grammatical
structure, 하다 (hada).
Construction
Many times, we shorten this grammatical structure. The following are a few different
colloquial variations of this grammatical structure:
Original Construction:
-(으)려고 하다
For example:
Abbreviated/Shortened Variations:
I. -(으)려고
We remove 하다 from the construction. As we remove 하다 from this construction, there is no
way to inflect politeness level. Generally speaking, to end a sentence in this manner makes it
is closer to the intimate politeness level.
For example:
II. -ㄹ/을라구
In addition to removing 하다, we have changed the construction itself. This is closest to the
intimate politeness level.
For example:
In This Dialogue
2. 세진: 지금 공부 하려고.
sejin: jigeum gongbu haryeogo.
Sejin: "I'm going to study."
More Examples
1. 친구 집에서 영화 보려고 해.
chinju jib-eseo yeonghwa boryeogo hae.
"I'm going to watch a movie at a friend's house."
3. 한국어를 공부 하려고 해.
hangukeo-reul gongbu haryeogo hae.
"I plan on studying Korean."
Beginner S2 #21
Korean Intentional Endings: No,
I’m Going to Do That!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Alternative Transcript
4 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
5 Grammar
# 21
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
3. 오빠: 그럼 오빠 이 과자 먹을게.
5. 오빠: 그럼 오빠 TV 볼게.
ROMANIZATION
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #21 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL ENDINGS: NO, I’M GOING TO DO THAT! 2
1. OLDER Sejin, I'm going to use the computer, okay?
BROTHER:
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
3. 오빠: 그럼 저 이 과자 먹을게요.
5. 오빠: 그럼 저 TV 볼게요.
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #21 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL ENDINGS: NO, I’M GOING TO DO THAT! 3
7. 오빠: …..(소리치면서) 엄마 세진 씨가 괴롭혀요!
VOCABULARY
먹다 meokta to eat
과자 gwaja snacks
SAMPLE SENTENCES
저 그만 괴롭히세요. 나 좀 괴롭히지 마.
jeo geuman goerophiseyo.
"Don't bother me please."
"Stop bothering me."
안 돼. 먹지 마. 갈비 먹고 싶어요.
an dwae. meokji ma.
"I want to eat galbi."
"No! Don't eat it."
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #21 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL ENDINGS: NO, I’M GOING TO DO THAT! 4
영화 봐요? 컴퓨터를 고치고 있어요.
yeonghwa bwayo?
"I'm fixing the computer."
"Are you watching a movie?"
과자 많이 먹지 마.
GRAMMAR
-ㄹ/을게 (eulge) is the grammar structure that shows intentions. We use it to indicate a
person's intention or plan, but usually as a response to someone's remarks or as a reaction to
something that happened. We use this sentence final-ending construction with action verbs
and the verb of existence 있다 (itda). Since we use it to express the speaker's intentions, we
cannot use it in a question.
Construction
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #21 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL ENDINGS: NO, I’M GOING TO DO THAT! 5
▶ Verb stems ending inㄹ + -게
In This Dialogue
2. 오빠: 그럼 오빠 이 과자 먹을게.
oppa: geureom oppa i gwaja meogeulge.
Older brother: "Then, I'm going to eat this okay?"
3. 오빠: 그럼 오빠 TV 볼게.
oppa: geureom oppa TV bolge.
Older brother: "Then, I am going to watch TV okay?"
☞ Remember ☜
Even when you're directly asked about your intentions or plans, if what you're intending to do
has not been affected or decided by what the other person has just said, you cannot use -ㄹ/을
게 because this is more of a reactive statement or decision when it's in the middle of a
conversation. In this case, -ㄹ/을 것이다 is more natural (-ㄹ/을 거예요, -ㄹ/을 거야). But you CAN
use -ㄹ/을게 when you are starting a conversation and just giving the person an idea of what
you're going to do as in 나 갈게! ("I'm leaving!").
♣ More Examples ♣
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #21 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL ENDINGS: NO, I’M GOING TO DO THAT! 6
na meonjeo galge.
나 먼저 갈게. 안녕! [가다]
annyeong! "I'm leaving first. Bye!"
내일 말해 줄게. [말하다/주다] naeil malhae julge. "I will tell you tomorrow."
제가 도와드릴게요. [도와드리
다] je-ga dowadeurilgeyo. "Let me help you."
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #21 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL ENDINGS: NO, I’M GOING TO DO THAT! 7
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #22
Korean Intentional: Are You Two
Going to Keep Fighting?!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
# 22
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
ROMANIZATION
6. SEJIN, sireo!!!
DOHYEON:
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #22 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL: ARE YOU TWO GOING TO KEEP FIGHTING?! 2
1. MOM: Jang Dohyeon! Jang Sejin! Are you two going to keep fighting?
6. SEJIN, NO!!
DOHEYON:
VOCABULARY
often, continuously, to
자꾸 jakku continue to do
SAMPLE SENTENCES
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #22 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL: ARE YOU TWO GOING TO KEEP FIGHTING?! 3
현우네 집에 갈까? 커피? 싫어!
keopi? sireo!
"Do you want to go over to Hyeonu's
place?" "Coffee? No, I don't want it."
"I don't want to fight with you." "I don't have any younger brother."
팩스로 보낼게요.
paekseu-ro bonaelgeyo.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson is Expressing a Future Action or Intention -ㄹ(을) 것이다
자꾸 싸울 거야?
"Are you two going to keep fighting?"
We use this grammar point to express a future action or an intention. This is stronger than the
other intentionals, -ㄹ(을)게(요) and -려고 하다, since -ㄹ(을)게(요) has the partial nuance of
asking for permission or agreement, and -려고 하다 is an expression of a plan or an intention
without being absolutely resolute about it. And different from -ㄹ(을)게(요), which can't be
made into a question, we can use this grammar pattern to make a question.
We can change the latter part, 것이다, to 거야, 거예요, and 것입니다 in the present tense,
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #22 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL: ARE YOU TWO GOING TO KEEP FIGHTING?! 4
depending on the politeness levels.
Construction
In This Dialogue
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #22 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL: ARE YOU TWO GOING TO KEEP FIGHTING?! 5
1. 엄마: 자꾸 싸울 거야?
eomma: jakku ssaul geoya?
Mom: "Are you two going to keep fighting?"
♣ More Examples ♣
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #22 - KOREAN INTENTIONAL: ARE YOU TWO GOING TO KEEP FIGHTING?! 6
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #23
Korean Present Progressive: What
Are You Doing Now?
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Alternative Transcript
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
# 23
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
3. 유라: 둘이 뭐 하고 있어?
4. 진용: 둘이 밥 먹고 있어.
5. 유라: 그럼 나도 같이 먹을래.
ROMANIZATION
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #23 - KOREAN PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: WHAT ARE YOU DOING NOW? 2
1. YURA: (on the phone) Jinyong, what are you doing now?
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
3. 진용: 지금 유근 씨랑 있어요.
4. 유라: 둘이 뭐 하고 있어요?
5. 진용: 둘이 밥 먹고 있어요.
6. 유라: 그럼 저도 같이 먹을래요.
VOCABULARY
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #23 - KOREAN PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: WHAT ARE YOU DOING NOW? 3
Hangul R omanization English
같이 gachi together
지금 Jigeum now
나도 nado me too
SAMPLE SENTENCES
나도 몰라.
nado molla.
GRAMMAR
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #23 - KOREAN PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: WHAT ARE YOU DOING NOW? 4
-고 있다 (go itda) is the present progressive and shows an action that is continual. We use it
with action verbs and we express tense and politeness level in the final verb 있다 (itda), which
means "to be." You can also use this grammar pattern to tell someone to be doing something.
Construction
In This Dialogue
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #23 - KOREAN PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: WHAT ARE YOU DOING NOW? 5
jinyong: andwae! neo-neun
진용: 안돼! 너는 그냥 공부하고
geunyang gongbuhago Jinyong: "No! You just
있어!
isseo! keep studying!"
♣ More Examples ♣
혼자 거기서 뭐 하고 있어? [하 honja geogiseo mwo hago "What are you doing there
다] isseo? alone?"
☞ Remember ☜
We can also use -는 중이다 (neun jung-ida) to show the present progressive, and -고 있다
tends to have a more general usage.
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #23 - KOREAN PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: WHAT ARE YOU DOING NOW? 6
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #24
Making Requests in Korean: Then,
Just Take me Home!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
2 English
3 Alternative Transcript
3 Vocabulary
4 Sample Sentences
4 Grammar
# 24
COPYRIGHT © 2012 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
1. 유라: 진용아 나 밥 사 줘!
2. 진용: 돈 없어.
3. 유라: 그럼... 숙제 도와 줘.
4. 진용: 시간 없어.
6. 진용: 싫어.
ROMANIZATION
6. JINYONG: sireo.
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #24 - MAKING REQUESTS IN KOREAN: THEN, JUST TAKE ME HOME! 2
1. YURA: Jinyong, buy me food!
6. JINYONG: No!
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
2. 유라: 진용 씨 저 밥 사 주세요!
3. 진용: 돈 없어요.
5. 진용: 시간 없어요.
7. 진용: 싫어요.
VOCABULARY
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #24 - MAKING REQUESTS IN KOREAN: THEN, JUST TAKE ME HOME! 3
Hangul R omanization English
돈 don money
시간 sigan time
SAMPLE SENTENCES
계산대로 가서 돈을 내자. 돈 줘!
don jwo!
"Let's go to the counter and pay the bill."
"Give me money!"
낮잠 잘 시간이에요. 내일 시간 있어요?
najjam jal sigan-ieyo. Naeil sigan isseoyo?
"It's time for some nap." "Do you have some time tomorrow?"
GRAMMAR
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #24 - MAKING REQUESTS IN KOREAN: THEN, JUST TAKE ME HOME! 4
진용아 나 밥 사 줘!
"Jinyong, buy me food!"
We can use the verb 주다 as the requestive when it's in an imperative sentence or in a
question. We use the requestive to make a request to someone such as requesting an action
from someone, and we use it in conjunction with action verbs. The action we request is
always a request on behalf of, or for the sake of a person (the speaker, a third party, etc.) or
an entity (a group, a school, etc.). The request we make must be on behalf of another party.
We can literally translate this phrase as "please do (verb) for (me)." We can conjugate the
final verb 주다 (juda), which literally means "to give," according to tense, politeness level, and
negation.
We can replace the final verb 주다 (juda) with its humbling version, 드리다 (deurida) in this
grammatical construction. To use the humbling version, simply replace 주다 with 드리다 and
use the same grammatical pattern.
When the action itself is 주다 ("to give") however, you use 주다 only once.
For example:
1. Incorrect: 줘 주다
2. Correct: 주다
Construction
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #24 - MAKING REQUESTS IN KOREAN: THEN, JUST TAKE ME HOME! 5
"Watch for me." (Imperative / Intimate Politeness Level)
애들 좀 봐 줘.
aedeul jom bwa jwo.
"Please watch the kids (for me)."
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #24 - MAKING REQUESTS IN KOREAN: THEN, JUST TAKE ME HOME! 6
halmeoni saengil seonmul "I'll buy you a birthday
할머니 생일 선물 사 드릴게요.
sa deurilgeyo. present, Grandma."
☞ Remember ☜
When we use this construction in the question along with the grammatical pattern "-ㄹ/을까 (
요) [-l/eulkka (yo)], the speaker is asking if he/she should perform that specific action on behalf
of the other person. When used as a question, we can translate it as, "Should/Shall I (verb) for
you?"
For example:
1. 지워 줄까?
jiwo julkka?
"Shall I erase it (for you)?"
2. 나가 줄까?
naga julkka?
"Do you want me go outside (so that you can do things in private)?"
** Note: It is also possible to say 지워 줘? and 나가 줘 to mean the same thing as the
sentences above. This is quite common, but it's more correct and clearer to say 지워 줄까? and
나가 줄까?
KOREANCLASS101.COM BEGINNER S2 #24 - MAKING REQUESTS IN KOREAN: THEN, JUST TAKE ME HOME! 7
LESSON NOTES
Beginner S2 #25
Korean Grand Finale: Before You
Leave, Review with Us!
CONTENTS
2 Korean Hangul
2 Romanization
3 English
4 Alternative Transcript
5 Vocabulary
5 Sample Sentences
7 Grammar
# 25
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
KOREAN HANGUL
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 2
4. YESEUL: (ani...)mwoji?
ENGLISH
3. JANGHUN: Or are you hungry because you didn't eat anything before class?
5. JISEON: Maybe you forgot your homework and left it at home. No?
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 3
7. YESEUL: Hmm...I'm forgetting something...what is it?
8. JISEON: You should write down things like that! You keep forgetting because
you don't have it written down.
ALTERNATIVE TRANSCRIPT
CONT'D OVER
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 4
10. 예슬: 아! 생각났다! 저 오늘 Koreanclass101에 들어가서 코멘트 남기는
것 까먹었어요!
VOCABULARY
뭔가 mwonga something
그냥 geunyang just
SAMPLE SENTENCES
"Sorry, I'm in a class now." "It is not good for health to overstrain
oneself."
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 5
어딘가 가고 싶어요. 이상한 날씨가 계속되고 있어요.
eodinga gago sipeoyo. isanghan nalssiga gyesokttoego isseoyo.
"The weather is strange these days." "If you have any questions, please ask."
"Do you have ice by any chance?" "Sorry, I forgot your birthday."
"Do you go to school everyday?" "Don't walk around wearing such clothes."
"Don't leave anything on the plate and eat "I left some pizza for you."
everything!"
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 6
그냥 다 버려.
geunyang da beoryeo.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson is Reviewing "Because," "and," "Before," and Simultaneous
Actions
아니면 수업 시작하기 전에 밥을 안 먹어서 배고파?
animyeon sueop sijakagi jeone babeul an meogeoseo baegopa?
"Or are you hungry because you didn't eat anything before class?"
-(으)니까 (nikka) is a conjunction that we used to combine two clauses together. This clause
indicates that the first clause is the reason the second clause happened or occurred. We can
translate -(으)니까 (nikka) as "because," "since," or "so."
We use -(으)니까 when expressing a reason, along with -기 때문에 (gi ttaemune) and -서 (seo).
While we usually use the other two to express reasons related to the past tense, we use -(으)니
까 to express a future decision or a command, or when we use it to discuss past actions, to
talk about something that was rightfully supposed to be that way.
Construction
For example:
1. 매운 것을 못 먹으니까, 김밥 만들자.
Maeun geoseul mon meogeunikka, gimbbap mandeulja.
"They can't eat spicy food, so let's make gimbap."
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 7
(Clause 1) 니까 (Clause 2).
For example:
1. 지금 비 오니까 우산 가져가.
Jigeum bi onikka usan gajyeoga.
"It's raining now so take your umbrella with you."
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
1. 맨날 술을 마시니까 돈이 없지.
Maennal sureul masinikka doni eopjji.
"You have no money because you drink every day."
We use this grammatical pattern to set a time line and express an action before another
action. This pattern emphasizes the last action in the construction. We use the first action to
give a time reference. We translate this construction as "before (verb1), (verb2)."
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 8
We use this pattern to connect two verbs. We express the politeness level, tense, negation,
and mood through the second verb.
Construction
자 + 기 전에 + 먹다
자기 전에 먹다. (Jagi jeone meoktta) - "Before sleeping, eat."
자기 전에 먹었어. (Jagi jeone meogeosseo) "I ate before sleeping."
자기 전에 못 먹었어. (Jagi jeone mon meogeosseo)"I couldn't eat before sleeping."
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
1. 밥 먹기 전에 손 씻어.
Bam meokki jeone son ssiseo.
"Wash your hands before you eat."
2. 저는 자기 전에 책을 읽어요.
Jeoneun jagi jeone chaegeul ilgeoyo.
"I read before I go to sleep."
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 9
혹시 숙제 까먹고 집에 놓고 온 거 아니야?
"Maybe you forgot your homework and left it at home. No?"
We use 고 (go) to connect verbs together. We generally translate it as "and" in English, and it
works as the English conjunction "and." We also use it for connecting two or more clauses
together in a single sentence.
When used in a sequence of verbs, the last verb in the sequence does not carry 고 (go).
Construction
Verb Stem + 고
(Verb Stem 1)고, (Verb Stem 2)고, (Verb 3).
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 10
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
We use -(으)면서 [-(eu)myeonseo] to express two simultaneous actions taking place. We can
translate this as "while." It can also link two clauses that are taking action at the same time.
We only use this construction with actions verbs. We express tense, negation, and politeness
level in the final verb or clause. We can only use this construction with two simultaneous
actions, not consecutive or subsequent actions.
Construction
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 11
Verb stems ending in consonants use -으면서
먹다 (meokda) - "to eat"
먹 (meok) - verb stem
먹 + -으면서
먹으면서 영화를 봐요.
Meogeumyeonseo yeonghwareul bwayo.
"While eating, I watch a movie."
In This Dialogue
♣ More Examples ♣
1. 저는 음악 들으면서 공부해요.
Jeoneun eumak deureumyeonseo gongbuhaeyo.
"I study while listening to the music."
2. 밥 먹으면서 TV 보지 마.
Bap meogeumyeonseo TV boji ma.
"Don't watch TV while you're eating."
KOREANCLAS S 101.COM BEGI NNER S 2 #25 - KOREAN GRAND FI NALE: BEFORE YOU LEAVE, REVI EW WI T H US ! 12