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SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING
MODULE IN SCIENCE

Quarter 2, Week 2
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SELF-DIRECTED MODULE IN SCIENCE 5

Quarter 2, Week 2

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other
things, impose as a condition the payment for royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e. songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Schools Division Superintendent: NORMA B. SAMANTELA, CESO VI

Assistant Schools Division Superintendents: FATIMA D. BUEN, CESO VI
WILFREDO J. GAVARRA
Chief Education Supervisor, CID: SANCITA B. PEÑARUBIA, EdD

MODULE DEVELOPMENT TEAM

JADE O. ALBERTO, EdD

Education Program Supervisor, Science
Content and Technical Consultant and Reviewer

ZAIRA JANE R. DELA CRUZ

Teacher I, Bangiawon ES, Oas North
Writer

JAY L. ALBAYTAR
Teacher II, Daraga NHS, Daraga
Content Editor

SHIELA P. ALBERTO, EdD

School Principal I, Maipon ES, Guinobatan East
Language Editor

Ligñon Hill, Bogtong, Legazpi City

(052)7425380 / (052)7425381
albay@deped.gov.ph
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INTRODUCTION

Humans have important stages of growth and development. One of these

stages where someone is experiencing changes in their body is called puberty.
When a girl enters puberty, she experiences menstrual cycle.

In this module you will find out what menstrual cycle is, what happens
during one menstrual cycle and its importance in reproduction.

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING

COMPETENCY

Explain the Menstrual Cycle (S5Q2W2)

YOUR LEARNING TARGETS

Hello Learners!

I am Teacher Zai!
And I am Teacher Jane!

We will be your science teachers in this module.

We are pleased to be your guides and companions
as you walk through this.

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

• define menstruation;
• illustrate the phases of menstrual cycle;
• describe what happens in each stage/phase of
menstrual cycle; and
• explain how menstrual cycle affects reproduction.
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YOUR PRETEST

Directions: Read the following sentences carefully. Encircle the letter of the
correct answer.

1. Which among the following statements best describes menstruation?

A. it is the discharge of blood from the fallopian tube
B. it is the discharge of blood from the ovary
C. it is the discharge of blood from the uterine wall
D. it is the discharge of blood from the vagina

2. Menstruation is a sign that a girl is __________________?

A. already pregnant
B. already menopause
C. capable of producing offspring
D. no longer capable of becoming pregnant

3. Menstruation occurs when______________________?

A. the egg is not fertilized by the sperm
B. the egg reaches the uterus
C. the egg is released from the ovary
D. the egg meets the sperm

4. The process during the menstrual cycle wherein an egg may be released is
called ______________.
A. menstruation
B. implantation
C. fertilization
D. ovulation

5. What is the period when no fertilization takes place in females?

A. repair
B. menstruation
C. ovulation
D. menopause

Write your score here:

I wish to congratulate you!

Please check your answers at the answer key section.

If you got a perfect score of 5, you may skip the
module but if you got 4 or lower, I suggest that you
take the learning module seriously. ☺
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YOUR LEARNING ACTIVITIES

A. Engage

Before we proceed to our lesson,

let’s do this first.

What comes in your mind when you hear the word menstruation? What
words can be associated to menstruation? Write your answers in the boxes
found in the concept map.

As you go on with this module, you will

find out if the words you have written
are really related to “Menstruation”.
Turn to the next page to start with your
journey. Enjoy!
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B. Explore

Before we perform
the activity, let’s help
Alyana answer the
riddle below.

“I am a vessel that serves as a house for guests for about nine

months. My guests can vary in size and number, but I prepare
for all of them. Every month, I lay out a thick, red carpet for
the guests. However, if no guest comes, I have to clean up the
carpet and send it out. After a month or so, I repeat the
process. What am I?

Write your answer here:

____________________________

Did you get it right?

If yes, you got a

You can now proceed to the activity on the next

page. Try again ☺

Activity 1: The Menstrual Cycle

What to do: Examine the picture and answer the questions that follow. Write your
answers on the blanks provided each number.
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1. Menstrual cycle lasts for how many days?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. What is the first onset of menstruation called?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What happens in each phase of menstrual cycle?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Did you find it easy or

difficult?

Anyway, you will get to

know more as you
continue this module.
Keep going!

C. Explain

Keep in mind that the human

female undergoes a monthly cycle
of events called the menstrual
cycle. The menstrual cycle is the
monthly series of changes a
woman’s body goes through in
preparation for the possibility of
pregnancy.

Yes, Teacher Zai.

Menstruation usually lasts for three to

five days while the menstrual cycle
lasts for 28 days. However, other
factors like stress, fatigue, illness and
malnutrition can alter the cycle. Do
you know the term used in the first
menstrual period?
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I know that teacher Jane.

It’s menarche.

Menarche is the first

menstrual period of a
female.

Let’s now explain to our

learner the phases of
the menstrual cycle.

Phases of Menstrual Cycle

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The menstrual cycle will eventually

stop when there are no more egg
cells to be released. This is what we
called menopause and could take
place between 45-50 years of age.

For girls having

menstruation, please take
note of the following:

1. Use sanitary napkin on the onset of

menstruation. Change it as often as necessary.
2. Wash your external reproductive organs.
3. If you suffer from dysmenorrhea or cramps, rest in bed. Apply a warm
compress to the lower abdomen to relieve pain.
4. Do special exercises such as sit-ups to allow good menstrual flow.
5. Talk to an adult you trust or see a doctor if bleeding took for more days
than usual and you have very bad pain during the period.

D. Elaborate

Last time, we helped Alyana answer the riddle.

Now, it’s time to help Cardo in his problem.

PROBLEM: Cardo’s friend is missing. We can help him by

knowing first his friend. Let us arrange the following phases of
menstrual cycle in proper order to reveal the name of Cardo’s friend.

The lining of the

uterus becomes thin
after menstruation.
(E)
The uterus prepares for a
possible fertilization and
implantation by making the
uterine lining grow and
thicken.
(S)
The mature egg is released.
The egg cell travels along the
oviduct/fallopian tube and
waits for a sperm cell.
(N)
The uterine lining breaks down
and blood comes out of the
vagina. This is called the
menstrual flow.
(M)
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Put your answers here!

Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV

Please check if your answers are correct at the

answer key section. Move on to the next page for
another activity ☺

Let’s do this!

Activity 2: Phases of Menstrual Cycle

What you need:

pencil , coloring materials (crayons, coloring pen/pencils)

What to do: Illustrate the menstrual cycle. Refer to the diagram below. Make your
illustration neat and colorful. Use the space provided for your work.
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Scoring Rubric for Assessment

Set of Criteria 3 2 1 Points
Earned
A. Creation of The learner The learner The learner
diagram correctly illustrates the illustrates the
illustrates the menstrual cycle menstrual cycle
menstrual cycle with one error in with more than
to include the the drawing of one error in the
different phases the different drawing of the
phases. different
phases.
B. Labeling of The learner The learner The learner
diagram labels the labels the labels the
phases of the phases of phases of
menstrual menstrual cycle menstrual cycle
cycle. with one error. with more than
one error.

Did you enjoy it? Check your reaction after doing

the activity.

Knowing the phases of menstrual cycle, in

what way is it important to reproduction?

____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
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E. Evaluate

Directions: Which phase of the menstrual cycle is being referred to? Write the
phase before the number.

Menstrual Phase Description

1. The uterine lining begins to
break and the bleeding period
begins.
2. The mature egg is released by
the ovary and travels to the
fallopian tube.
3. The endometrium becomes
thicker in case a fertilized egg
moves to the uterus for
implantation.
4. The process of fertilization may
take place.
5. The lining of the uterus
becomes thin after the bleeding
period.

Write your score here:

Please check your answers on the answer key

part of this module. I hope you got a perfect
score by this time. But if you still have some
errors, you may read the module again ☺

YOUR VOCABULARY LIST

The following terms used in this module are defined as

follow.

Fatigue is the state of being tired or extreme weariness

Phase is a part or step in the process; one part in a series of related events
or actions

Oviduct is a tube through which eggs pass from the ovary of a female
individual; another term for fallopian tube
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Uterine lining is the inner layer of the uterus(womb)

Endometrium is the mucous lining of the uterus

Sanitary napkin is an absorbent item worn in the underwear when
menstruating

Dysmenorrhea is a painful menstruation

Reproduction is the process that produces new individual

YOUR POSTTEST

Directions: Identify what is being asked or described in each item. Encircle the
letter of the correct answer.

1. It is the monthly series of changes a woman’s body goes through in

preparation for the possibility of pregnancy.
A. ovulation C. menstrual cycle
B. fertilization D. pregnancy

2. Menstrual cycle lasts for how many days?

A. 28 B. 27 C. 26 D. 25

3. It is the first menstrual period of a female.

A. fertilization C. menstruation
B. menarche D. ovulation

4. How will you describe menstruation?

A. It is the discharge of blood from the uterine wall.
B. It is the discharge of blood from the ovary.
C. It is the discharge of blood from the fallopian tube.
D. It is the discharge of blood from the vagina.

5. It is the process where one of the ovaries releases an egg.

A. menstruation C. ovulation
B. fertilization D. implantation

6. Menstruation is a sign that a girl is __________________?

A. already pregnant
B. capable of producing offspring
C. no longer capable of becoming pregnant
D. already menopause

7. It is a phase where the process of fertilization may take place.

A. Phase I B. Phase II C. Phase III D. Phase IV
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8. It is the time in a woman’s life when blood stops flowing from her body
each month.
A. puberty C. andropause
B. old age D. menopause

9. Aira has a normal menstrual cycle. If she has her third day of
menstruation on May 16, what will be the date when the uterine lining
will be released from the body?
A. May 10 C. April 2
B. May 13 D. March 27

10. Alyana’s mother is 50 years old and she has a regular monthly period.
Do you think she will get pregnant?
A. No, because she is already old.
B. No, because she is menopause.
C. Yes, because she has still a regular menstruation.
D. Yes, because she is a girl.

YOUR ASSIGNMENT

Interview your mother, sister or girl cousin. Ask them the following
questions:
1. When did you have your first menstruation?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. What are the signs that you feel before your menstruation?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What do you usually feel when you are having your menstruation?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

4. Have you already experienced dysmenorrhea? What do you usually do

to lessen the pain?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

5. What is your advice to young girls on the first onset of their

menstruation?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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Congratulations on finishing the

supplementary learning module. You
have just had an amazing learning
journey and for sure, you will also do
the same in the succeeding modules.
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ANSWER KEY

Pretest
1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B
Engage
Answers may vary
Explore
uterus/ womb
Activity 1
1. 28 days 2. and 3. Answers may vary
Elaborate
Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV
M E N S
Evaluate
1. Phase I 2. Phase III 3. Phase IV 4. Phase IV 5. Phase II
Posttest
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C
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REFERENCES

A. Books
Sarte, E.T., Garcia E.R., Lopez E.A., Dela Cruz, M.J.G & Arradaza
H.A. (2016). Science Beyond Borders. (pp. 54-55). Vibal Group, Inc.
Dimaandal, L.M., Macale A.M. & Rebulanan M.L.M. (2015). Science
Journey. (pp. 58-78). Instructional Coverage System Publishing, Inc.
B. Guides
Prototype and Contextualized Daily Lesson Plan in Science 5,
DepEd, SDO Albay, 2019
Science Teaching Planner (STeP) for Grades 3 to 12, DepEd, SDO
Albay, 2017

C. Online Sources
Juju. The Menstrual Cycle. Retrieved May 8, 2020
https://www.google.com/search?q=menstrual+cycle&prmd=ivn&sxsrf=AL
eKk03cNr6UJTPKphFtd7WNDVZ9TQQj0A:1588922309969&source=lnms
&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQwPHu3KPpAhWJFIgKHcY6CuAQ_AUo
AXoECA8QAQ&biw=360&bih=649#imgrc=z6OIFt0sOhShjM
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary.
Retrieved May 8, 2020, from www.://merriam-webster.com/dictionary
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“Education must continue even in times of crisis,

whether it may be a calamity, disaster,
emergency, quarantine, or even war.”
-Sec. Leonor M. Briones

Cover Image Credit: Google Images