COLOUR When considering the aesthetics of a final coat of a paint system, colour is an important property, as gloss and opacity. Colour can affect mood and perception, and can create illusions. White light, light emitted from the noonday sun is a combination of electromagnetic wavelengths from 400 nanometers to 700 nanometers, blue through to red. When white light strikes an object, certain frequencies are absorbed and others reflected. It is the reflected frequencies that the human eye translates into colour. Colour has three attributes. which are: - 1 Hue _ colo Refers to the basic colour e.g, red, yellow, green and blue. Can be represented in circle form, clockwise, red > yellow > green > blue > red. 2 Brightness / CRM new Sometime called lightness, it refers to the amount of lightness or darkness of the colour. The degree of reflectivity of the surface receiving the light governs this property and is sometimes called value or reflectance value. tf OC 3 Saturation — ¢ FeMeh ve the. Gowr Chroma eet) wei Yh How vivid colour appears. It is measured in terms of the difference of a colour from the neutral grey with the same degree of brightness. Lower saturation, greyer the colour. ‘The terms chroma and intensity, and sometimes weight, are also used. Black and white and the greys in between are called “achromatic” colours, they lack ime and saturation. Anything perceived as having colour is “chromatic”. } vitigh Standard a ofS Cone gee Painting Inspection Grade 3/2. Rev | April 2004 TWI wou centar ron Colour 18.1 (MATERIALS JOINING Copyright © 2003, TWI Ltd TECHNOLOGYboyic - hed chen BYE co The three attribiftes can be related to a three dimensional model of a helix. White Brightness Blue green Green Yellow red Green yellow Yellow Saturation Black Figure 16.1 Three dimensional helix The Munsell colour system = —— ‘An American system, which identifies colour by its three attributes, Hue Chroma and value (Reflectance value). In the Munsell system, Hue is divided into five basic colours Red, Yellow, Green, Blue anc Purple each identified by its initial letter, with a second dimension between each, giving ten ‘basic Colours. Value is defined in eleven steps from white to black and chroma has fifteen steps. The BS 4800 colour system This BS specifies 100 colours selected from 237 used in the BS 5252. The BS 4800 uses the same basic colours but expands to thirteen, including a neutral. The colours are numbered from 02 to'24, 00 being neutral, achromatic, using even numbers only. Painting Inspection Grade 3/2. Rev 1 April 2004 "TWI worwo centre ror Colour 182 MATERIALS JOINING CLM recwovocy Copyright © 2003, TWI LidLightness is identified by capital letters A to E, where A is maximum lightness and E is minimum lightness. The chroma is given by number, the third part of the coding, from 01, in single digit rises to 56. The higher the number, the stronger the colour. ‘The BS 5252, framework for colour co-ordination for building purposes The BS 5252, framework for colour co-ordination for building purposes, selects a framework of 237 colours as a source for all building colour standards and a means of co-ordinating them. It is not itself a rang of colours. : Gar Bannan, Tried 18 - E-53_ Y Ye Hwy clita Painting Inspection Grade 3/2. Rev 1 April 2004 "TWI worto cewreeron Colour 183 MATERIALS JOINING Copyright © 2003, TWI Ltc TECHNOLOGYPainting iapestion Grade 37, Rev April 2004 cam Colour 18.4 TW) Vinten NING MATERIALS JOINING Copyright © 2003, TWI Lid CLM reciso.scy