How a Tsunami Happens?

We all know that tsunamis are a series of destructive waves and powerful. Tsunami is
the deadliest wave because the wave speed is incredibly fast. But do you know how a tsunami
can happens?

Tsunami originated from Japan, “tsu” meaning harbor and “nami” meaning wave.
They are normally caused by landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions in, or close to an
ocean. After some sort of underwater disturbance, this causes energy to rise up to sea level
pushing the water high into the air. Gravity kicks in and pulls it down again and then
consequently causing the water to filter out into many different directions.

When a tsunami begins to approach the shore the energy in the wave is compressed.
As a result, the water is pushed up into the wave, resulting in a powerful tsunami. If the
trough hits the shoreline first, it then causes the tide to drastically retreat.

So, tsunamis happen because of natural disasters such as earthquakes or volcanic

eruptions. People who live near the shoreline have to be careful because they are threatened
by tsunamis whenever there is an earthquake.
 Why Eiffel Tower Was Built

If we talk about the Wonders of the World buildings, then we will see Eiffel Tower as
one of them. However many of us do not know the tower’s past history on why it was build.
Everything has the reasonable background, especially for the tower which is to be one of the
most recognized buildings in the world.

Primarily, the Eiffel Tower was built for the World Exhibition. It was called Paris
Exposition in 1889. The exhibition was organized to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the
French Revolution. The purpose of building Eiffel Tower in such structure was to show to the
world France’s advancement of technology and beauty. The Eiffel Tower was designed by
Gustave Eiffel. It seemed that then the name of the tower was derived from the designer’s last
name, “Eiffel”.

Another reason on why the tower was built was for scientific progress. Although few
realized it, the Eiffel Tower would become the prominent structure in terms of science and
technology. Many experiment with temperature, pressure and pendulums were performed
atop the unique famous building. Additionally the Eiffel Tower was used for radio
transmission tower. Many experiments were conducted atop the Eiffel Tower for radio
transmission advancement. Once the Eiffel Tower was proposed to be demolished but it was
spared because the tower had the promising future as a radio tower.
 Mammatus Clouds

Mammatus comes from the Latin mamma which translates to “udder” or “breast”.
Their striking appearance is most visible when the sun is low in the sky and their pouches are
framed by the sunlight. This supplementary feature is a firm favourite with many
meteorologists as well as cloud and photography enthusiasts.

Mammatus clouds are some of the most unusual and distinctive clouds formations
with a series of bulges or pouches emerging from the base of a cloud. The shape of
mammatus formations can vary widely; from the classic protruding shape, to a more
elongated tube hanging from the cloud above.

Mammatus clouds are usually formed in association with large cumulonimbus clouds.
Typically, turbulence within the cumulonimbus cloud will cause mammatus to form,
especially on the underside of the projecting anvil as it rapidly descends to lower levels. This
reverses the usual cloud-forming process of upward growth, making for an uneven cloud
base.

Mammatus often forms in association with Cumulonimbus clouds, which in turn bring
thunderstorms due to their huge mass of unstable air. Mammatus cloud generally form in the
most unstable cumulonimbus, meaning that there is also a chance of hail, heavy rain and
lightning in the vicinity, and if the air is cold enough during winter they can produce snow.
Sometimes mammatus may form on other cloud types which produce no rain, though this is
far less common.

Mammatus usually form on the base of a cumulonimbus anvil, but they have also
been sighted to form on other cloud types, such as stratocumulus, altostratus and altocumulus.
Mammatus have also been observed to form on the underside of volcanic ash clouds.
 How Corruption Occur

Corruption usually occurs because some individuals are willing to use illicit means to
maximize personal or corporate profit. How does corruption happen? Does corruption happen
slowly, or all at once?

When we hear the word corruption, we immediately think about political issues. But
have you ever thought that actually people have often practiced culture of corruption from an
early age. For example, we know the term “rubber clock” which is always not on time to
make an appointment. This is an example of small corruption that we are not aware of. So
don’t be surprised if there will be a lot of corruptors – who are very troubling

Furthermore, exam cheating is also a form of corruption. Cheating is a common thing

done by students. Indeed cheating can give us a high value, but it will reduce us ourselves, by
cheating we certainly cannot get that knowledge purely. If this is often done, the cheating
action is carried out when an adult student.

As an adult, he has a position in the government, in politics, and in a BUMN (state-

owned enterprise). Finally, the person concerned likes to hang out, cheat or outsmart the
budget to look for additional income.
 How Does Rain Happen

We all know that rain is primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world,
providing suitable condition for diverse ecosystems. Rain is water that descends from the sky
through several processes until the rain occurs. Do you know how does rain happen?

The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of water circle
includes the sun heating the Earth’s water surface and causing the water surface to evaporate.
Earth’s water includes water from lake, river, and ocean. Then, the water vapor experiences
condensation and becomes condensed vapor. Condensed vapor is formed from droplets so
that when the air temperature is higher, it makes the droplets gather, condensed and formed
into clouds. The presence of winds helps clouds move and gather in other places that have
lower temperatures. At that time, the droplets become heavier and unstoppable and cause the
droplets to fall so that there is rain.

If the droplets drop in an area with very cold temperatures, the droplets will drop as
snow. However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry
air. This is called Virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.
 Rainbow

Almost everyone very likes a natural phenomenon called the rainbow. To the extent
that a lot of people create an art work like song, cake, and the other work after seeing the
beautiful colors of the rainbow. But, do you know how the phenomenon of the appearance of
the rainbow happens?

Rainbow occurs because of the refraction of light. The sunlight that shines in between
the rain drops is refracted by the rain drops. This process separates the white light of the
sunlight into a spectrum of different colors.

The spectrum of colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Or
what we often memorize as the abbreviation "ROY G BIV / mejikuhibiniu.” Then the colors
reflect in the back drops of rain, resulting the light which looks arched and becomes the
rainbow.
 Butertfly Metamorphosis

Metamorphosis is a process of a caterpillar to become a new animal (perfect stage), in

this case is a butterfly. The process happens quite simple but takes quite long time. First,
starting from an egg laid by a butterfly on a leaf (usually leaf of orange tree or other tree), this
leaf is aimed to be the food for the caterpillars until it reaches adulthood when the time comes
to become pupa/cocoon and in some the day it will become a new butterfly.

The egg that laid by a butterfly will hatch in 3-5 days. Then it becomes larva. The
larva will walk to the edge of the leaf of host plant and start eating it. Most of the larva eat its
empty egg shell as a first food. The outer skin of the larva does not stretch following its
growth, but it become very tight when larva will change its skin. Larva change its skin
(molting) for about 4-6 times during its life.

When the larva reach the maximum growth, larva will stop eating, walking to seek the
nearest shelter, clinging themselves to a branch or a leaf with woven yarn. The larva have
entered the phase of pre-pupa and for the last time releasing the skin to form a pupa (cocoon).
Pupa usually hard, smooth and in a form of a structure without any limb. Commonly pupa is
green, brown or the color according to the surroundings (camouflage). The forming of a
butterfly in the pupa usually takes 7-20 days depending on the species.

Once it is out of the pupa, the butterfly will crawl to the top so that the wings that still
weak, crumpled and slightly wet can hang down and inflate normally. Immediately after the
wings are dry, inflate and strong, the wings will open and close several times and the
butterfly will attempt to fly.
 How is a Kite Flying?

A kite is an object which is made from a light material stretched over a frame. Due to its
light material a kite will lift off the ground and fly when it is tilted into the wind.

A kite is uses wind to make it fly because it is heavier than air. When wind travels over
the surface of the kite, it is split into two streams of air. One stream of the air goes over the
kite while the second stream goes under the kite.

The upper stream creates an area of low pressure above the kite. The lower stream hits the
kite at a shallow angle and creates an area of high pressure.

The high pressure area has a pushing effect while the low pressure area has a pulling
effect. The combination of push and pull can creates enough force to lift the kite into the air.

Kites have been known for thousands of years. They are used for military or scientific
purposes. Today’s kites are much used for leisure and competition.