CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

Experiment No-: 3 Name: SISAY AMARE NIGUSSIE

Date :3/4/2021 Register No:18BCM0149
Heating Tank process

Aim:

To understand the dynamic properties of a continuously stirred heated tank with continuous
heating and inlet flow and outlet flow.

Description:

The process is a continuously stirred heated tank with continuous mass (liquid) inflow and
outflow. The front panel of the simulator shows the system. The mathematical model can be
derived from an energy balance for the liquid in the tank. The energy balance can be
expressed as the following first order differential equation:

cVdT/dt = P + cw(Ti - T) + U(To - T)

where

• T [oC] is the liquid temperature in the tank

• Ti [oC] is the inlet temperature
• To [oC] is the ambient temperature
• c [J/(kg K)] is the specific heat capacity of the liquid
•  [kg/m3] is the liquid density.
• w [kg/s] is the liquid mass flow through the tank
• V [m3] is the tank volume
• U [J/(s K)] is the total heat transfer coefficient (between the tank and the surroundings
(environment)

The simulator is based on the above model.

Procedure:

Unless otherwise stated, all the default values of the parameters are given in the GUI (a
default value is retrieved via right-click on the element / Reinitialize to Default on the front
panel).
1. How the temperature T of the liquid in the tank depends qualitatively on the following
variables and parameters:
o Inlet temperature Ti (it can be changed e.g. as a step)
o Mass flow w (e.g. increase it).
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o Ambient (Environmental) temperature Ti.

o Heat transfer coefficient U (increase from e.g. U=500).Find
out the gain and time constant for all the above cases.

2. It is specified that the steady state value of the tank temperature, Ts, shall be 40 degrees C.
The inlet flow temperature is assumed to be Ti0 = 20 degrees C. Calculate the constant
power, P0, needed to achieve this. Use the default values of the process parameters (as
shown on the front panel). Confirm the calculated result with a simulation.

Observations:

Graphs:

Draw relavant graphs

Observations:

1) Effect of Inlet Temperature:

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2) Effect of Mass flow w:

Mass flow was change as: w=0.0 at t=130 mins, w=0.3 at t=200 mins, and w=1.0 at t=410
Mins

3) Effect of Ambient (Environmental) Temperature:

CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

4) Effect of Heat Transfer Coefficient U:

Values of U were change as follow: U=1000 J/sK at t=195 mins, U=4000 J/sK at t=265
mins and U=40,000 J/sK at t=320 mins.

5) Power required to maintain the given conditions:

CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

The values of Power were changed and using trial and error method, the value of
P=16.8 kW was obtained to maintain outlet temperature as 40°C.

Graphs:
1) Effect of Inlet temperature:

Effect of Inlet temperature

35

30
Outlet Temperature

25

20

15
- T [C]
10

0
-100 0 100 200 300 400 500
Time (mins)

2) Effect of Mass
40 Flow
35
30
25
20
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

3) Effect of Ambient
23.5
temperature
23
22.5
22
21.5
21 - T [C]
20.5
20
19.5
-100 0 100 200 300 400
Time (mins)

The ambient temperature was only varied from t = 100 mins

CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

4) Effect of Heat Transfer

23.5 Coefficient U
23
22.5
22
21.5
21 - T [C]
20.5
20
19.5
-100 0 100 200 300 400
Time (mins)

5) Power required to maintain given

conditions
50
45
40
35
30
25 - T [C]
20
15
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

Inference and Conclusions:

From this experiment, the effect of various parameters (inlet temperature, mass flow, ambient
temperature and Heat Transfer Coefficient) is observed by changing their values and keeping
the other variables constant.
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

1) Inlet temperature: It is observed that with the increase in

inlettemperature, the outlet temperature also increases.
2) Mass flow: It is observed that with an increase in mass flow, the
outlettemperature decreases.
3) Ambient temperature: the environmental temperature has no
effect onthe outlet temperature, as observed in the mentioned
graph.
4) Heat transfer Coefficient: With a huge increase in the value of
U, theoutlet temperature decreases very gradually.

For the second part of the experiment, we were asked to calculate the value of input
Power tomaintain the tank temperature as 40°C given that inlet temperature is 20°C. It
is found to be

P = 16.8 kW
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
CHE3002 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL