M3 Circular Motion - Horizontal Circles

M3 Circular motion - Horizontal circles PhysicsAndMathsTutor.
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1.
A garden game is played with a small ball B of mass m attached to one end of a light
inextensible string of length 13l. The other end of the string is fixed to a point A on a vertical
pole as shown in the diagram above. The ball is hit and moves with constant speed in a
horizontal circle of radius 5l and centre C, where C is vertically below A. Modelling the ball as a
particle, find
(a) the tension in the string,

(3)
(b) the speed of the ball.

(4)
(Total 7 marks)
2. A bend of a race track is modelled as an arc of a horizontal circle of radius 120 m. The track is
not banked at the bend. The maximum speed at which a motorcycle can be ridden round the
bend without slipping sideways is 28 m s–1. The motorcycle and its rider are modelled as a
particle and air resistance is assumed to be negligible.
2
(a) Show that the coefficient of friction between the motorcycle and the track is .
3
(6)
Edexcel Internal Review 1

M3 Circular motion - Horizontal circles PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
The bend is now reconstructed so that the track is banked at an angle α to the horizontal. The
maximum speed at which the motorcycle can now be ridden round the bend without slipping
sideways is 35 m s–1. The radius of the bend and the coefficient of friction between the
motorcycle and the track are unchanged.
(b) Find the value of tan α.

(8)
(Total 14 marks)
3.
A particle P of mass m moves on the smooth inner surface of a hemispherical bowl of radius r.
The bowl is fixed with its rim horizontal as shown in the diagram above. The particle moves
 3g 
with constant angular speed   in a horizontal circle at depth d below the centre of the
 2r 
bowl.
(a) Find, in terms of m and g, the magnitude of the normal reaction of the bowl on P.
(4)
(b) Find d in terms of r.

(4)
(Total 8 marks)

4. A rough disc rotates about its centre in a horizontal plane with constant angular speed 80
revolutions per minute. A particle P lies on the disc at a distance 8 cm from the centre of the
disc. The coefficient of friction between P and the disc is μ. Given that P remains at rest relative
to the disc, find the least possible value of μ.
(Total 7 marks)
5.
B
O
The diagram above shows a particle B, of mass m, attached to one end of a light elastic string.
The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point A, at a distance h vertically above a
smooth horizontal table. The particle moves on the table in a horizontal circle with centre O,
where O is vertically below A. The string makes a constant angle θ with the downward vertical
and B moves with constant angular speed ω about OA.
g
(a) Show that ω 2 ≤ .
h
(8)
The elastic string has natural length h and modulus of elasticity 2 mg.
3
Given that tan θ = ,
4
(b) find ω in terms of g and h.

(5)
(Total 13 marks)

6. A light inextensible string of length l has one end attached to a fixed point A. The other end is
attached to a particle P of mass m. The particle moves with constant speed v in a horizontal
circle with the string taut. The centre of the circle is vertically below A and the radius of the
circle is r.
Show that
gr2 = v2√(l2 – r2).

(Total 9 marks)
7.
R
B
One end of a light inextensible string is attached to a fixed point A. The other end of the string is
attached to a fixed point B, vertically below A, where AB = h. A small smooth ring R of mass m
is threaded on the string. The ring R moves in a horizontal circle with centre B, as shown in the
diagram above. The upper section of the string makes a constant angle θ with the downward
vertical and R moves with constant angular speed ω. The ring is modelled as a particle.
g  1 + sin θ 
(a) Show that ω 2 =  .
h  sin θ 
(7)
2g
(b) Deduce that ω > .
h
(2)

3g
Given that ω = ,
h
(c) find, in terms of m and g, the tension in the string.

(4)
(Total 13 marks)
8.
3a
C 4a
A hollow cone, of base radius 3a and height 4a, is fixed with its axis vertical and vertex V
downwards, as shown in the figure above. A particle moves in a horizontal circle with centre C,
8g
on the smooth inner surface of the cone with constant angular speed .
9a
Find the height of C above V.

(Total 11 marks)

9.
2a
30°
O P
A particle P of mass m is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 2a. The
other end of the string is fixed to a point A which is vertically above the point O on a smooth
horizontal table. The particle P remains in contact with the surface of the table and moves in a
 kg 
circle with centre O and with angular speed √   , where k is a constant. Throughout the
 3a 
motion the string remains taut and ∠APO = 30°, as shown in the figure above.
2kmg
(a) Show that the tension in the string is .
3
(3)
(b) Find, in terms of m, g and k, the normal reaction between P and the table.
(3)
(c) Deduce the range of possible values of k.

(2)
 2g 
The angular speed of P is changed to   . The particle P now moves in a horizontal circle
 a 
above the table. The centre of this circle is X.
(d) Show that X is the mid-point of OA.

(7)
(Total 15 marks)

10. A particle P of mass m moves on the smooth inner surface of a spherical bowl of internal radius
r. The particle moves with constant angular speed in a horizontal circle, which is at a depth 12 r
below the centre of the bowl.
(a) Find the normal reaction of the bowl on P.

(4)
(b) Find the time for P to complete one revolution of its circular path.
(6)
(Total 10 marks)
11. A particle P of mass 0.5 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 1.5 m.
The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point A. The particle is moving, with the string
taut, in a horizontal circle with centre O vertically below A. The particle is moving with constant
angular speed 2.7 rad s–1. Find

(4)
(b) the angle, to the nearest degree, that AP makes with the downward vertical.
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
12. A rough disc rotates in a horizontal plane with constant angular velocity ω about a fixed vertical
axis. A particle P of mass m lies on the disc at a distance 43 a from the axis. The coefficient of
3
friction between P and the disc is 5
. Given that P remains at rest relative to the disc,
9g
(a) prove that ω2 ≤ .
20a
(4)

The particle is now connected to the axis by a horizontal light elastic string of natural length a
and modulus of elasticity 2mg. The disc again rotates with constant angular velocity ω about the
axis and P remains at rest relative to the disc at a distance 43 a from the axis.
(b) Find the greatest and least possible values of ω 2.

(7)
(Total 11 marks)
13.
60 L
A particle P of mass m is attached to one end of a light string. The other end of the string is
attached to a fixed point A. The particle moves in a horizontal circle with constant angular speed
ω and with the string inclined at an angle of 60° to the vertical, as shown in the diagram above.
The length of the string is L.
(a) Show that the tension in the string is 2mg.

(1)
(b) Find ω in terms of g and L.

(4)

3
The string is elastic and has natural length 5
L.
(c) Find the modulus of elasticity of the string.

(2)
(Total 7 marks)
14. A car moves round a bend which is banked at a constant angle of 10° to the horizontal. When
the car is travelling at a constant speed of 18 m s–1, there is no sideways frictional force on the
car. The car is modelled as a particle moving in a horizontal circle of radius r metres.
Calculate the value of r.

(Total 6 marks)
15.
3
2l P
A particle P of mass m is attached to the ends of two light inextensible strings AP and BP each
of length l. The ends A and B are attached to fixed points, with A vertically above B and
AB = 32 l, as shown in the diagram above. The particle P moves in a horizontal circle with
constant angular speed ω. The centre of the circle is the mid-point of AB and both strings remain
taut.

(a) Show that the tension in AP is 1

6
m(3lω 2 + 4g).
(7)
(b) Find, in terms of m, l, ω and g, an expression for the tension in BP.

(2)
4g
(c) Deduce that ω 2 ≥ .
3l
(2)
(Total 11 marks)
16.
5l
3l
B
A light inextensible string of length 8l has its ends fixed to two points A and B, where A is
vertically above B. A small smooth ring of mass m is threaded on the string. The ring is moving
with constant speed in a horizontal circle with centre B and radius 3l, as shown in the diagram
above. Find

(3)
(b) the speed of the ring.

(5)
(c) State briefly in what way your solution might no longer be valid if the ring were firmly
attached to the string.
(1)
(Total 9 marks)

17.
a 3a
O P
A particle P of mass m is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 3a. The
other end of the string is attached to a fixed point A which is a vertical distance a above a
smooth horizontal table. The particle moves on the table in a circle whose centre O is vertically
below A, as shown in the diagram above. The string is taut and the speed of P is 2√(ag).
Find

(6)
(b) the normal reaction of the table on P.

(4)
(Total 10 marks)

1. (a)
12
cosα = B1
13
R (↑) T cos α =
mg M1
12
T× =mg
13
13
T = mg oe A1 3
12
v2
(b) Eqn of motion T sin α = m M1 A1
5l
13mg 5 v2
× = m M1 dep
12 13 5l
25 gl
v2 =
12
5 gl  gl 25 gl 
v=  accept 5 or or any other equiv)  A1 4
2 3  12 12 
[7]

2. (a)
↑ R = mg B1
Use of limiting friction, Fr = μR B1
m 28 2
← µR = M1 A1
120
28 2 2
µ= = * cao M1 A1 6
120 × 9.8 3
(b)
↑ R cos α – μR sin α = mg M1 A1
mv 2
← µR cos α + R sin α = M1 A1
r
µ cos α + sin α v 2
= Eliminating R M1
cos α – µ sin α rg
2 cos α + 3 sin α 25
= Substituting values M1
3 cos α – 2 sin α 24
27
leading to tan α = awrt 0.22 M1 A1 8
122
[14]

3.
(a) ↔ R sin θ = mxω2 M1 A1

x 3g
R× = mx × M1
r 2r
3mg
R= A1
2
(b)  R cos θ = mg M1 A1
3mg d
× = mg M1
2 r
2
d= r A1
3
[8]
80 × 2π  8π 
4. ω= rad s –1  = ≈ 8.377 ...  B1
60  3 
16π
Accept v = ≈ 0.67 ms –1 as equivalent
75
(↑) R = mg B1
For least value of μ (←) µmg = mrω 2 M1 A1 = A1
0.08  8π 
2
µ= ×   ≈ 0.57 accept 0.573 M1 A1
9.8  3 
[7]

5. (a)
N
T
rw 2 l h
mg r
↑ T cos θ + N = Mg (1) M1A1
→ T sin θ = mrω2 (2) M1A1
r
sin θ = from (2) T = mlω2
l
sub into (1) ml cos θ ω2 + N = mg M1
N = mg – mhω2 A1
g
Since in contact with table N...0 ∴ ω 2 , , * M1A1 cso 8
h
h
(b) r : h: l = 3 :4:5 ∴ extension = B1
4
2mg h mg
T= × = M1A1
h 4 2
5mh 2 2g
T = mlω2 = ω ω= M1A1 5
4 5h
[13]

6.
A
r P
mg
↑ T cos θ = mg M1A1
mv 2
← T sin θ = M1A1
r
r
tan θ = or equivalent M1A1
(l − r 2 )
2
v2
tan θ = Eliminating T M1
rg
r v2
= Eliminating θ M1
(l − r )
2 2 rg
gr = v2√(l2 – r2) *
2
cso A1 9
[9]
7. (a) ↕ T cos θ = mg B1
↔ T + T sin θ = mrω2 (3 terms) M1A1
r = h tan θ B1
mg mω 2 h sin θ
(1 + sin θ ) = (eliminate r) M1
cos θ cos θ
g  1 + sin θ 
ω2 =   (*) (solve for ω2) M1A1 7
h  sin θ 
Allow first B1M1A1 if assume different tensions (so next M1

is effectively for eliminating r and T.

g 1  2g 2g
(b) ω2 =  + 1 > (sin θ < 1) ⇒ ω > (*) M1A1 2
h  sin θ  h h
M1 requires a valid attempt to derive an inequality for ω.
(Hence putting sin θ = 1 immediately into expression of ω2
[assuming this is the critical value] is M0.)
3 g g  1 + sin θ  1
(c) =   ⇒ sin θ = M1 A1
h h  sin θ  2
2 3
T cos θ = mg ⇒ T = mg or 1.15mg (awrt) M1A1 4
3
[13]
8.
R
mg
h
3
tan α = or equivalent B1
4
r r 3a
tan α = or = B1
h h 4a
 3 
R(↑) R sin α = mg  R = mg  M1 A1
 5 
R(→) R cos α = mrω2 M1 A1
8g  10mrg 
= mr R=  A1
9a  9a 
9a 5 100mrg 
tan α =  mg =  Eliminating R M1 A1
8r 3 9a 
 3 9a 3 
 = ⇒ r = a
 4 8r 2 
r 3a 4
h= = × = 2a M1 A1
tan α 2 3
[11]

 kg 
9. (a) N2L U T cos 30° = m (2a cos 30°)   M1 A1
 3a 
2kmg
T=
3 * cso A1 3
(b) i R = mg – T sin30° M1 A1
= mg 1 − k  A1 3
 3
(c) (R | 0) ⇒ k | 3 ignore k > 0, accept k < 3 M1 A1 2
(d)
A
T
2a
X mg
 2g 
N2L U T cos θ = m (2a cos θ)   M1 A1
 a 
(T = 4mg)
i T sin θ = mg M1
Eliminating T M1
AX = 2a sin θ = 1 a A1
2
AO = 2a sin 30° = a ⇒ AX = 1 AO , as required cso B1, A1 7

2
[15]

10.
r 1
2 r
P x
mg
1
1 r
(a) sinθ = = (⇒ θ = 30°)
2
B1
r 2
↑ Rsinθ = mg M1 A1
R = 2mg A1 4
(b) → Rcosθ = mxω2 M1 A1

= m(r cosθ)ω2 A1
1
 2g  2
ω=   A1
 r 
1
2π r 2
T= = 2π   or exact equivalent M1 A1 6
ω  2g 
3
Note: x = r
2
[10]
1.5
11. (a) T
0.5g
r = 1.5 sinθ B1
Tsinθ = mrw2 M1A1
Tsinθ = 0.5 × 1.5sinθ × 2.72
T = 5.4675 N A1 4
(AWRT 5.5 N)

(b) Tcosθ = 5 M1 A1
0.5 g
cosθ =
5.4675
θ = 26° A1 3
(nearest degree)
[7]
12. (a) (↑), R = mg B1

4a 2
m ω (seen and used) B1
3
4a 2 3
m ω ≤ mg M1
3 5
9g
ω2≤ (*) A1 c.s.o 4
20a
2mg a 2mg
(b) T= = B1
a 3 3
3 2mg ≥ 4a
(→), mg + m ωmax2 M1 A1 f.t
5 3 = 3
19 g
= ωmax2 A1
20a
3 2mg ≤ 4a
(→), − mg + m ωmin2 M1 A1 f.t
5 3 = 3
g
= ωmin2 A1 7
20a
If only one answer, must be clear whether max or min for final
A1
[11]

13. T
mg
(a) () T cos60° = mg ⇒ T = 2mg * B1 1
(b) ( ↔) T sin60° = mrω 2 M1A1

r = Lsin60° B1
2g
ω= A1 4
L
λ 3
(c) Applying Hooke’s Law: 2mg = (L – L); λ 3mg M1;A1 2
3
( L) 5
5
[7]
R
14.
10°
mg
() R cos10° = mg M1 A1
mv 2
( ↔) R sin10° = M1 A1 ft
r
[A1 ft on sin/cos mix]
 18 2 
Solving for r: r =  
M1
 g tan 10 
r = 190 (m) [Accept 187, 188] A1 6
m(18) 2
[Resolving along slope: mg sin10° = cos10°, M2A1A1
r
ft, then M1 A1]
[6]

A
θ T
l
15. (a) l mg
θ S
B
(  ) (T – S) cosθ = mg M1 A1
( ↔) (T + S) sinθ = mrω 2
M1 A1 ft
= m(l sin θ)ω 2
A1
Finding T in terms of l, m, ω 2 and g M1
T = 16 m(3lω 2 + 4g) (*) A1 7
(b) Finding S: S = 1
6
m(3lω 2 – 4g) M1 A1 2
any correct form
4g
(c) Setting S ≥ 0; ω 2 ≥ (*) (no wrong working seen) M1 A1 2
3l
[11]
5l
16. (a) 4l T
T
mg
3, 4, 5 ∆ B1
R(↑) T sin θ = mg M1
5mg
T= A1 3
4

mv 2
(b) R (←) T + T cos θ = M1 A2
3l
8 5mg mv 2
× = M1
5 4 3l
v= 6 gl A1 5
(c) Could not assume tensions same B1 1

[9]
17.
A
a
3a
T
N
0 P
mg
OP = a√8 B1
mv 2
R(←): T sin θ = M1 A1
a 8
8a m × 4 ga
T = (sin θ) B1 ft
3a a 8
3mg
⇒ T= M1 A1 6
2
R(↑): T cos θ + N = mg M1 A1
⇒ N = mg − 3
2
mg × 1
3
= 1
2
mg M1 A1 4
[10]

1. For the overwhelming majority this provided a very straightforward introduction leading to full
marks. Mistakes made by the weakest students, both here and elsewhere, revealed their lack of
understanding of different areas of the syllabus and their reliance on standard equations. In
particular, some seemed intent on using SHM wherever they felt a familiar formula seemed
applicable.
2. Almost all candidates achieved full marks in part (a) but a few lost the last mark for using
decimals through their working. The given answer was a fraction and once accuracy has been
lost through the use of decimals it cannot be regained. Part (b) proved to be much more of a
challenge. The majority seemed to be trying to resolve horizontally and vertically as they
produced a correct horizontal equation (M1A1) but their second equation was often R = mg cosθ
(M0A0). Some even used R = mg , as they had in part (a). Others produced correct horizontal
and vertical equations (M1A1M1A1) but then included R = mg cosθ or R = mg to aid
elimination of R. This made their solution invalid and no further marks could be gained. A few
candidates attempted to resolve parallel and perpendicular to the plane but did not realise that
both of these equations needed a component of the acceleration.
3. Some candidates found this question to be very straightforward and gave very neat concise
solutions to both parts. However, that was not so in the majority of cases. Many produced
horizontal and vertical equations with correct components of the reaction. However, not all
knew what to do with these equations and no further work was shown. Frequently candidates
equated the horizontal component of the reaction to mrω2 (where r was the given radius of the
bowl). Most of these candidates then found tan θ = 32 and linked back to the reaction and d (in
terms of r) via sinθ and cosθ. As they thought that r was the horizontal radius (rather than the
radius of the bowl) they also used θ = dr to arrive at what appeared to be a correct result. Few
marks could be awarded, however, for work which was based on such a serious initial error.
3mg
Some candidates simply wrote down F = mrω 2 = , which is a correct equation, although it
2
was often not clear that the candidates really understood this. Many could not produce any
equations to enable d to be found or even revealed their lack of understanding by proceeding to
3mg
treat as a component of the required reaction.
2
4. Candidates seemed to have great difficulty changing from revolutions per minute to radians per
second. This seemed to be wrong at least as often as it was correct. A surprising number of
solutions involved inequalities, not always the correct way round. Unfortunately, some gave
their final answer as an inequality and so failed to answer the question as set. Many did not
notice that the distance was given in centimetres and so used 8 instead of 0.08 in their
calculation. Those who knew how to tackle this question produced succinct solutions.

5. It was disappointing to note how many candidates missed the point of the mechanics in part (a)
of this question. Certainly having a reaction force from contact with the table was an irritation to
them so much so that they either ignored it all together or put it in and then said N = 0. The
actual condition of finding an expression for N and using N ≥ 0 was lost on too many.
Most preferred part (b) where they could simply find some set values and plug in results. The
ones who did this part incorrectly were usually those who had insisted that T cos θ = mg in part
(a) and hence it also applied in part (b).
Most preferred part (b) where they could simply find some set values and plug in results. The
ones who did this part incorrectly were usually those who had insisted that T cos θ = mg in part
(a) and hence it also applied in part (b). They used it to find an incorrect value of T to use in
T sin θ = mrω2. The relating of 3:4:5 to a given side of h was often dubious with h being missed
out of some lengths and some careless trigonometry was also seen. Candidates often stopped at
ω2 and so lost the final mark.
6. This proved to be the easiest question on the paper and full marks were very common. Those
who failed to complete the question nearly always had the resolutions correct but failed to spot
the trigonometric relation between the lengths. Methods of solution using a centrifugal force
were very uncommon.
7. Parts (a) and (c) were generally well done. In part (b), a fully justified derivation of the given
answer was only rarely seen. Most assumed that they could put the maximum value of sin θ = 1
directly into the expression obtained in (a) without any more discussion.
8. This question was a very good discriminator. There were many excellent concise solutions
leading quickly to full marks. However there was also a substantial minority of students who
failed to get started. Inadequate diagram often led to candidates confusing an angle with its
complementary angle and this led to errors in resolution. A common error was to assume that
the line of action of the reaction went through the centre of the circular end of the cone. In
resolving, the vertical equation was more often incorrect than the horizontal equation. R =mg,
R=mg cos α and R=mg sin α were all common errors. An unexpected feature of the responses
was, for the first time for some years in any numbers, to see some students using centrifugal or,
even, centripetal forces. Such methods were not envisaged when this set of mechanics
specifications were designed but, if used correctly, are accepted.

9. For a significant number of relatively weak candidates this question ensured a respectable mark.
If conical pendulum methods were well known, it proved very straightforward and large
numbers of candidates gained full marks. However, the “show that” in part (a) threw many, who
were not entirely happy with this topic, completely off track. It was very clear to many that
mω 2 × 2a gave the right numerical answer, so they decided that this must be the right way to
do the question. It was very common to see a solution which had started with
T cos 30 = mω 2 × 2a continue with the cos 30 scribbled out. This then had further
implications in part (c) where the candidates used the method which had “worked” in part (a)
and failed to resolve here also. This betrayed a complete lack of understanding and justifiably
led to the loss of a significant number of marks. There was further evidence in this question of
inadequate “showing” by able students when answers are printed. Calculation of length OA as a
was almost trivial but needed to be shown not assumed. Perfect solutions which ended up
saying OX = a/2 , so X is the mid-point of OA were not uncommon.
10. Although the general principles involved in this question were usually well understood, many
errors of detail were seen. Many assumed r to be the radius of the circle rather than the sphere.
This led to an incorrect angle in (a) and a significant oversimplification of the question in (b). A
common error in (b), even among those who realised in (a) that r was the radius of the sphere,
was to fail to calculate the radius of the circle. Almost all of those who could find the angular
velocity knew how to convert this to the time for a complete revolution.
11. This proved to be a good start for most candidates although a few used r = 1.5 and a significant
number failed to give the answer in part (b) to the nearest degree.
12. Part (a) was reasonably well done by most but the second part was challenging. The use of
“centripetal force” continues to cause much confusion. The most frequent errors in (b) were (i)
using only one of the equations T ± F= mrω2, and then failing to indicate whether their answer
was the maximum or minimum. (ii) putting F = 0 to find the minimum value and (iii) being
unable to find or making an error with the extension of the elastic string. In (b) some candidates
drew the diagram as a conical pendulum and wasted a great deal of time trying to solve the
unsolvable.
13. Although the answer was given in part (a) it is still good to report that all but a handful of
candidates gained the mark. Part (b) was generally well answered, although T = mrω2, Tsin60°
= mLω2, and errors in eliminating r, were occasionally seen. Probably the most common error
3
in this question occurred in part (c), where L, instead of L , was often seen in the denominator
5
of Hooke’s law.

14. This question was well answered by the majority of candidates, who frequently scored 5 or 6
marks, the loss of the final mark for giving an answer to more than 3 significant figures. Some
candidates did use equations showing serious errors in the mechanics, like R = mg cos10° and
v2
mg sin10° = m ; invariably these errors meant that a maximum of 2 marks was available.
r
15. All but the weakest candidates, who considered the strings separately, made some progress in
this question. Some were handicapped by mixing up sine and cosine, by not eliminating r
successfully, and by arithmetic errors in finding trigonometric ratios. In parts (a) and (c) given
results had to be derived and, as usual, they often emerged from incorrect working. In part (c) it
was quite common to see T1 (top string) ≥ 0, or T1 + T2 ≥ 0 used as the condition for deriving the
result.
16. The majority scored well on part (a) although many calculated an angle rather than using the 3-
4-5 triangle. There were some who resolved incorrectly, either using the wrong trig. ratio or
worse, trying to resolve along the string, forgetting that there is an acceleration component in
that direction. In the second part a large number of candidates included only one tension,
usually the one in the upper part of the string, in their equation of motion but then went on, in
the final part, to correctly state that, if the particle were attached to the string, the tensions in the
two portions of the string would be different.
17. No Report available for this question.

M3 Circular Motion - Horizontal Circles

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M3 Circular motion - Horizontal circles PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

(a) the tension in the string,

(b) the speed of the ball.

Edexcel Internal Review 1

(b) Find the value of tan α.

(b) Find d in terms of r.

Edexcel Internal Review 2

(b) find ω in terms of g and h.

Edexcel Internal Review 3

gr2 = v2√(l2 – r2).

Edexcel Internal Review 4

(c) find, in terms of m and g, the tension in the string.

Find the height of C above V.

Edexcel Internal Review 5

(c) Deduce the range of possible values of k.

(d) Show that X is the mid-point of OA.

Edexcel Internal Review 6

(a) Find the normal reaction of the bowl on P.

(a) the tension in the string,

Edexcel Internal Review 7

(b) Find the greatest and least possible values of ω 2.

(a) Show that the tension in the string is 2mg.

(b) Find ω in terms of g and L.

Edexcel Internal Review 8

(c) Find the modulus of elasticity of the string.

Calculate the value of r.

Edexcel Internal Review 9

(a) Show that the tension in AP is 1

(b) Find, in terms of m, l, ω and g, an expression for the tension in BP.

(a) the tension in the string,

(b) the speed of the ring.

Edexcel Internal Review 10

(a) the tension in the string,

(b) the normal reaction of the table on P.

Edexcel Internal Review 11

Edexcel Internal Review 12

Edexcel Internal Review 13

(a) ↔ R sin θ = mxω2 M1 A1

For least value of μ (←) µmg = mrω 2 M1 A1 = A1

Edexcel Internal Review 14

Edexcel Internal Review 15

Allow first B1M1A1 if assume different tensions (so next M1

Edexcel Internal Review 16

Edexcel Internal Review 17

(c) (R | 0) ⇒ k | 3 ignore k > 0, accept k < 3 M1 A1 2

AO = 2a sin 30° = a ⇒ AX = 1 AO , as required cso B1, A1 7

Edexcel Internal Review 18

(b) → Rcosθ = mxω2 M1 A1

Edexcel Internal Review 19

12. (a) (↑), R = mg B1

Edexcel Internal Review 20

(a) () T cos60° = mg ⇒ T = 2mg * B1 1

(b) ( ↔) T sin60° = mrω 2 M1A1

Edexcel Internal Review 21

Edexcel Internal Review 22

(c) Could not assume tensions same B1 1

Edexcel Internal Review 23

Edexcel Internal Review 24

Edexcel Internal Review 25

Edexcel Internal Review 26

17. No Report available for this question.

Edexcel Internal Review 27

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