ASSIGNMENT

Discrete Structures
Name: Muhammed Ahmed
Roll # 20101001-059
Class: BSSE-Grey-2nd Semester

Commutative law:
*P 𝒗 q ≡ q𝒗p

P q p𝒗q q𝒗p
T T T T
T F T T
F T T T
F F F F

Hence proved p𝒗q≡q𝒗p

*P𝒗q ≡ q𝒗p

P q 𝐩𝒗q q𝒗p
T T T T
T F F F
 F T F F
F F F F

Hence proved P𝒗q ≡ q𝒗p

Associative Law:
*(p𝒗q)𝒗r≡ p𝒗(q𝒗r)

P q r (p𝒗q) (q𝒗r) (P𝒗q) 𝒗r P𝒗

(q𝒗r)
T T T T T T T
T T F T T T T
T F T T T T T
T F F T F T T
F T T T T T T
F T F T T T T
F F T F T T T
F F F F F F F
Hence proved (P𝒗q) 𝒗r ≡ P𝒗(qv𝒗)
*(P∧q) ∧r ≡ P∧ (𝒒 ∧ 𝒓)

P q r (p∧q) (q∧r) (p∧q) ∧r P∧

(q∧r)
T T T T T T T
T T F T F F F
T F T F F F F
T F F F F F F
F T T F T F F
F T F F F F F
F F T F F F F
F F F F F F F
Hence proved (p∧q)∧r ≡ p∧(q∧r)

Distributive laws:
*(P∧q)𝒗 (p∧r)≡P∧ (q𝒗r)

P q r (p∧q) (p∧r) (q∧r) (p∧q)v(p∧r) P∧

(qvr)
T T T T T T T T
T T F T F T T T
T F T F T T F T
T F F F F F F F
F T T F F T F F
 F T F F F T F F
F F T F F T F F
F F F F F F F F
Hence proved p∧q)𝒗(p∧r)≡p∧ (q𝒗r)

*(p𝒗q) ∧ (p𝒗r)≡pv(q∧r)

P q r (p𝒗q) (p𝒗r) (q∧r) (p𝒗q)∧(p𝒗r) P𝒗(q∧r)

T T T T T T T T
T T F T T F T T
T F T T T F T T
T F F T T F T T
F T T T T T T T
F T F T F F F F
F F T F T F F F
F F F F T T F F
Hence proved (p𝒗q)∧(p𝒗r)≡p𝒗(q∧r)
Absorption law:
*p𝒗(p∧q)≡p

P q p∧q P𝒗(p∧q)
T T T T
T F F T
 F T F F
F F F F
Hence proved p𝒗(p∧q)≡ 𝒒
*p∧(p𝒗q)≡ 𝒒

P q p𝒗q p∧(p𝒗q)
T T T T
T F T T
F T T F
F F F F
Hence proved *p∧(p𝒗q)≡ 𝒒

De Morgan’s laws:
~(P∧q)≡ ~P𝒗~q

P q ~p ~q (p^q) ~(p^q) (~p𝒗~q)

T T F F T F F
T F F T F T T
F T T F F T T
F F T T F T T
Hence proved ~(P∧q)≡ ~P𝒗~q
𝒗
 ~(P𝒗 q)≡ ~P^~q

P q ~p ~q (p𝒗q) ~(p𝒗q) (~p^~q)

T T F F T F F
T F F T T F F
F T T F T F F
F F T T F T T
Hence proved ~(P𝒗 q)≡ ~P^~q

Domination Law

Pvt = T
P T PvT
T T T
F T T

Hence proved Pvt = T

P^F = F
P F P^F
T F F
F F F
 Hence proved P^F = F

Idempotent Law

PvP = P
P P PvP
T T T
F F F

Hence proved PvP = P

P^P = P
P P P^F
T T T
F F F

Hence proved P^P = P

Double Negation Law

 ~(~P) = P
P ~P ~(~P)
T F T
F T F

Hence proved ~(~P) = P