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(GSTT - VN) Relative Clauses
(GSTT - VN) Relative Clauses
Ta sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ để bổ sung thông tin cho sự vật, hiện tượng con người
được nhắc đến trong câu mà không cần phải dùng câu thứ 2. Bằng cách kết hợp các
câu lại với nhau bằng mệnh đề quan hệ, bài viết sẽ trở nên lưu loát hơn và có thể tránh
việc lặp lại một số từ ngữ nhất định.
Ex: - The man who is standing over there is Mr.Pike ( Người đứng ở kia là ông Pike)
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Relative clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ )
c) WHICH:
Dùng để làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ thay cho danh từ chỉ đồ vật, con vật.
Ex:
- This is the book which I like best. ( Đây là cuốn sách mà tôi thích nhất)
- The cat which I recently bought is a tri – colored cat ( con mèo tôi vừa mua là một
con mèo tam thể )
- The accident which Daniel saw wasn’t very dangerous. ( Tai nạn mà Daniel đã
chứng kiến không nghiêm trọng lắm)
Dùng để chỉ nguyên 1 câu/ mệnh đề
- He couldn’t read, which surprised me.
- He got bad mark, which made his parents sad.
d) THAT: có thể thay thế cho vị trí của who, whom, which trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác
định
Các trường hợp thường dùng “ that”
- Khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất
He is the most intelligent boy that I have ever met
She is one of the kindest people (that) I know.
e) WHOSE : để chỉ sự sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật đứng trước. Whose được
dùng như những từ hạn định đứng trước danh từ thay cho các tính từ sở hữu his, her,
its, their. Whose + noun có thể làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.
Ex: He’s writen a book whose name I’ve forgetten = He’s writen a book the name of
which I’ve forgetten
- Where có thể bỏ hoặc thay thế bằng that khi where đứng sau các từ somewhere,
anywhere, everywhere, nowhere và place ( không được bỏ khi where đứng sau các từ
khác)
Ex: Have you got somewhere ( where/ that) I can lie down for an hour.
( Bạn có chỗ nào cho tôi ngã lưng một tiếng đồng hồ không)
We need a place ( where/ that) we can stay for a few days.
[ NOT we need a house that we can stay for s few days]
- Không dùng giới từ ( prepositions) trong mệnh đề quan hệ bằng các trạng từ quan hệ
where, when và why.
Ex: The building in where he lives is very old ( Sai )
Nhưng có thể dùng: The building in which he lives is very old.
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I’ll never forget the day when I met you. [ NOT ... on when I met you or when I met
you on] when = on which.
- Where có thể được dùng mà không có danh từ chỉ nơi chốn đi trước.
Ex: Put it where we can all see it.
Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không
xác định.
1. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): là mệnh đề được dùng để
xác định danh từ đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề xác định là mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa
của câu, không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa. Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh
từ không xác định và không dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách nó với mệnh đề chính.
1. Giới từ đứng trước đại từ : dùng trong lối văn TRANG TRỌNG.
Ex:
- The man to whom my mother is talking is my form teacher.
- The restaurant to which we normally go is closed today.
- Mr. Carter, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan.
- Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost.
2. Giới từ đứng sau động từ: dùng trong lối văn THÂN MẬT
Ex:
That’s the man who/ whom/ that I was talking about.
The picture that/which she was looking at was famous.
Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ ( who, whom,
which, that) thường được bỏ và giới từ luôn đứng sau động từ.
Ex:
That’s the man I was talking about.
The picture she was looking at was famous.
Was that the restaurant you normally go to?
NOTE:
- Giới từ không đứng trước that hoặc who
She is the women who I told you about.
[ NOT: She is the women about who I told you ]
- Với cụm động từ ( phrasal verb ) thì giới từ không đứng trước whom và which.
Ex: Did you find the word which/that you were looking up ?
[ NOT ... the word up which you were looking ]
The child who/ whom/ that I have looked after for a year is very naughty.
[NOT ... after whom I have looked...]
3. Trong mệnh đề KHÔNG xác định, các cụm từ chỉ số lượng all of/ most of/ neither of/
either of/ many of/ ...có thể được dùng với whom, which và whose
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The caption was the last man who left the ship.
The caption was the last man to leave the ship.
New Zealand was the first country which gave women the vote.
New Zealand was the first country to give women the vote.
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B. Bài tập
TRẮC NGHIỆM
1. What the name of the man ____ gave us a lift ?
A. he B. what C. which D. who
2. Were you able to locate the person _____ wallet you found?
A. Which B. that his C. whose D. that’s
3. My friend Nigel, _______ works in the city, earns much more than I do.
A. That B. which C. who D. whose
4. Every one _________ the building was searched by the police.
A. Enter B. entered C. entering D. enters
5. Yesterday was the hottest day ___________ remember.
A. that can B. Which can C. which I can D. I can
6. There was little ______ we could do to help her.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
7. Atlanta is the city __________ the olympic games were held in 1996.
A. That B. when C. where D. which
8. Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, ________________ surprised
everyone.
A. Which B. that C. who D. that it
9. Is this the adress ____________ you want the package sent ?
A. That B. to that C. to which D. to
10.What was that notice ______________?
A. At that you were looking C. you were looking at
B. You were looking at D. which you were looking
11.Little Women, ________________ in 1868, is my favorite book.
A. Is a novel published C. a novel was published
B. Was a novel published D. was a novel published
12.I have three brothers, _________________ are businessmen.
A. All of which B. all of those C. all of whom D. all of who
13.The chemistry book ___________ was a little expensive.
A. That I bought it C. what I bought
B. I bought that D. I bought
14.We passed shops ________________ windows were decorated for christmas.
A. The B. their C. which D. whose
15.“why do you get up at 4:00 am ?” “ because it’s the only time _____
without being interupteD.
A. When I can work on my book
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37.I’ve put Mr. Matthew’s paper in your green file, _________ is on your desk.
A. Whose B. that C. which D. who
38.Vending machine is an automatic machine with drinks and sweets, _______ you
put coins to release whatever you paid for.
A.In that B. in which C. at which D. at that
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39.He is part of a team _______is suggesting the authorities in England reduce the
number of vending machines in public places.
A. Who B. of which C. whose D. which
40.Like you all, I dislike people___________ their promise.
A. Who are not keeping
B. That doesn’t keep
C. Who don’t keep
D. Whom don’t keep
41.Hearing – aid devices are very helpful for _____________ are hard of hearing
A. Those B. those who C. people D. who
42.Are there any house chore for __________ men are better than ____ women.
A. That/ suit B. whose/ suited C. which/ suited D. which/ suit
43.The trail lead led over sandhills ____ thin grasses and thorny bushed grew.
A. Where there were B. where C. that were D. that
44.The creation plan ___________ they disagreed would require the construction of
two new dams.
A. About which B. on whom C. that D. why
45.The school programme _________ has been interrupted by revision tests requires
a regular course study.
A. Whose B. who C. that D. what
46.Credit________ is given in this semester requires approximately three hours of
classroom work.
A. Where B. what C. when D. which
47.Two courses ______ have the same subjects are in different times.
A. That B. what C. when D. where
48.You may enrol your course by email ________ can be faster than other
registration forms
A. Whom B. which C. where D. when
49.Students __________ register for courses do not have any problems.
A. Whom B. what C. who D. when
rd
50.August 23 is the last day __________ you may transfer to another course.
A. Which B. on which C.that D. what
51.Our course needs some requirements _______are listed here.
A. Which B. when C. what D. where
52.Before coming to my office, please check the appointments ________ are listed
in my official calender.
A. When B. why C. that D. what
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95.Joyce Bows, ______ was born and grew up in Portsmouth on the south coast of
England, _______ she still lives, was 100 last year.
A. that / in which B. who / where C. that / where D. who /
that
96.The big clock_______ used to strike the hours day and night was damaged during
the war and has been silent ever since.
A. whose B. that is C. what D. which
97.The pollution ______ they were talking is getting worse.
A. that B. about which C. which D. whom
98. The engineer_______ our company relies is on holiday.
A. who B. on whom C. whose D. whom
99. The dam_______ they plan to build will cover acres of forest.
A. which B. to which C. whom D. where
100. He is a talented cricket player ______ abilities include fast bowling and
powerful batting.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. of which
101. Eastern Rwanda is very different from the South-west, _______ monkeys,
birds and orchids thrive in the high altitude primary.
A. when B. where C. which D. who
102. Wednesday is the day_________ a tour guide leads a tour around the
town’s historical places.
A. when B. which C. whose D.
where
103. Robert Riva, an Italia______ used to play for Cremonese, now coaches
Reigate under 11’s football team.
A. when B. which C. where D. who
104. The town ________ the folk festival is taking place is usually a quiet resort.
A. when B. where C. whom D.
which
105. As a celebrity______ many children admire, it is important for her to act
responsibly.
A. when B. where C. whom D.
whose
106. We always hold a family barbecue in our garden on Independence .
A. what B. that C. when D.
which
107. When I was at school. There was a girl in my class_______ skin was so
sensitive that she couldn’t expose her skin to the sun even with cream on.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. that
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108. We’ll row until the spot ______ the river bends and then we’ll turn back.
A. where B. when C. whose D.
which
109. On the days_______ I feel I need to reflect on the past and plan my future, I
sit by the river and watch the swans swim past.
A. when B. where C. whose D.
which
110. My mother’s Elvis Presley tape, ________ she listened to every day, has
broken in the music centre.
A. which B. what C. whose D.
who
111. Unfortunately, the friend with_______ intended to go on holiday to Side is
ill, so I’ll have to cancel my trip.
A. who B. whom C. where D.
that
112. According to the research, the time at ______ most road accidents happen
is early evening.
A. when B. which C. whose D.
that
113. The new stadium, ……….. will be completed next year, will seat 30,000
spectators.
A. what B. where C. when D.
which
114. Blenheim Palace, _______ Churchill was born , is now open to the publiC.
A. when B. where C. which D.
whose
115. Students_______ register for courses do not have any problems.
A. whom B. who C. what D.
when
116. August 23rd is the last date_______ you may tr August 23rd is the last
date_______ you may transfer to another course.
August 23rd is the last date_______ you may transfer to another course.
ansfer to another course.
A. which B. on which C. why D.
what
117. Our course needs some requirements _______ are listed here.
A. what B. when C. which D.
where
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118. Before coming to my office, please check the appointment _______ are
listed in my official calendar.
A. that B. why C. when D. where
119. I never forget the time _____ my motorbike broke down in a very crowded
street.
A. where B. what C. when D. in which
120. I couldn’t remember the time _____ there was no internet.
A. what B. who C . which D. when
121. The restaurant _____ we had our dinner was the most expensive in this
city.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
122. The top model about _____ I was telling you is on TV now.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
123. Are you student______ mother called me yesterday?
A. whose B. who C. that D. when
124. Mary, ______ has only been in Japan for 3 months, speaks Japanese
perfectly.
A. that B. whom C. which D. who
125. Who is your daughter? She is the child _____ has long, straight hair.
A. whose B. who C. which D. when
126. August is the month ______ I always give my birthday parties.
A. which B. in which C. what D. who
127. The purse ______ she had lost last week was found yesterday.
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
128. The old lady ______ we were travelling told us her life story.
A. of whom B. with whom C. whose D. whom
129. She says the exam, ______ she took yesterday, was full of hard questions.
A. which B. of which C. whom D. of whose
130. I called my cousin, ______ is a mechanic, to fix my car, _______ was
broken.
A. who / which B. that / all of which C. who / all of which D. who / what
131. My only blue tie,_______ Richard wants to wear, is really an expensive
one.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
132. This is the village _______ my family and I lived for six years.
A. in which B. that C. on which D. in where
133. She is a famous actress ______ everybody admires.
A. to whom B. whom C. to which D. of whom
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149. The physics teacher, ____________ behavior I don’t like much, makes
thing harder for the student.
A. Who B. that C. whom D. whose
150. The farmer says he can’t remember a time _______ the winter was as serve
as it is this year.
A. Which B. when C. where D. why
151. Lan, __________ husband died of lung cancer only 10 weeks after they
married, gave up smoking.
A. Whom B. who C. that D. whose
152. In the torch light, he caught sight of a figure ___________ he immediately
as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.
A. Whom B. when C. that D. where
153. I saw several building, _______________ was damage by the earthquake.
A. All of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. none of
which
154. The people to ______________ she was speaking didn’t know German.
A. Who B. whose C. that D. whom
155. She likes the village _______________ she was born.
A. Which B. in that C. where D. on which
156. Sunday is the day ___________ most of the Christians usually go to
church.
A. In which B. at which C. that D. when
157. The baker _______________ John quarerelled didn’t want to sell them any
bread.
A. With whom B. who C. with which D. to whom
158. Bournemouth, ________________ we are going to visit next summer, is
the real paradise for the retired.
A. That B. what C. which D. in which
159. Thatcher, _________ birthplace was above a shop in the small english town
of Grantham, became Prime Minister of Britain 4 years after she had become
the leader of the Conservative Party in 1975.
A. Where B. whose C. in which D. at which
160. George Washington started the building of the White House, ___________
he never live.
A. Whose B. that C. in which D. which
161. First jeans, became fashonable for women after they saw them in vogue
magazines, were made by two Americans, Jacob Davis and Levi Strauss.
A. Who B. which C. of which D. that
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22. This is the ideal place where we can build a house of our own.
23. It’s the largest breed of horse which was found in America.
24. He was the first man who left the burning building
25. The last person who leaves the room must turn out the lights.
26. The child is lonely;he would be happier if he had someone that hecould play with.
27. Here are some accounts that you must check.
28. My brother is the only one who realized the danger.
29. The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the Clyde.
30. We had a river in which we could swim.
31. Neil Armstrong was the 1st man who walked on the moon.
32. The 5th man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable.
33. I wish we had a garden that my children could play in.
34. I have some homework that I must do tonight.
35. Have you brought a book that Kevin can read?
36. She is the only woman who was appointed to the board.
37. The floor is dusty but I haven’t got a brush that I can sweep it with.
38. The last student that was interviewed was Tom.
39. We visited Hanoi, which is the capital of VN
40. I was the only one who realized him.
41. Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way.
42. I was awakened by the sound of a laughter which came from the room which was
next to mine at the motel
43. Dalat, which is best known for foreign travellers, has pleasant weather.
44. This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday.
45. We have some picture books that children can read.
15. Pele , of whom I respect most is the most famous football player all the time .
ĐÁP ÁN
a. Trắc nghiệm
1 D 11 A 21 C 31 A 41 B
2 C 12 C 22 D 32 C 42 C
3 C 13 D 23 A 33 B 43 B
4 C 14 D 24 D 34 C 44 A
5 C 15 A 25 D 35 A 45 C
6 C 16 A 26 A 36 A 46 D
7 C 17 C 27 B 37 C 47 A
8 A 18 A 28 B 38 B 48 B
9 C 19 C 29 D 39 D 49 C
10 C 20 D 30 B 40 C 50 B
51 A 61 A 71 A 81 D 91 B
52 C 62 C 72 B 82 A 92 D
53 D 63 B 73 C 83 A 93 D
54 B 64 D 74 A 84 C 94 D
55 D 65 A 75 D 85 C 95 B
56 A 66 C 76 A 86 A 96 D
57 D 67 D 77 B 87 B 97 B
58 C 68 C 78 B 88 B 98 D
59 A 69 B 79 C 89 C 99 A
60 B 70 D 80 B 90 C 100 B
b. Tự luận
A. Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb.
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Relative clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ )
B. Correct mistake
1. Peter , whom visited us yesterday , has just graduated from university
(who)
2. Miss Huong , that is staying with us , often goes to school by bike . ( who )
3. New York , where we celebrated our party , is pretty cold in winter .
4. New York , we celebrated our party , is pretty cold in winter . ( where/ in
which)
5. Do you know the students to who the teacher is talking ? ( to whom )
6. Do you know the students to whom the teacher is talking to ?( bỏ )
7. My sister , whom you met last week , has already gone to abroad.
8. My sister , you met last week , has already gone to abroad . ( whom)
9. A night is the time of the day which it is dark outside . ( bỏ “a”, which
when )
10. Dictionary is a book where gives you the meanings of words . ( where
which)
11. Dictionary is a book , which gives you the meanings of words .
12. Anh is always late for class which makes the teacher angry .( thêm dấu
phẩy sau “ class” )
13. This car which was broken down last night is quite expensive .( thêm dấu
phẩy sau “ car” và “ night “ )
14. That’s the house where was built in 2005. ( where which )
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15. Pele , of whom I respect most is the most famous football player all the
time .
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