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  • 1.1.2 Storyboard Launch

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    shoaib1985
    28 views15 pages
    The document discusses energy flow and transformations through organisms. It explains that phototrophs and lithotrophs get energy from sunlight or inorganic molecules, while organotrophs get energy from organic food molecules. It also describes how autotrophs and heterotrophs get carbon through CO2 or food, and how catabolism generates energy while anabolism uses energy. The first and second laws of thermodynamics are mentioned regarding potential and kinetic energy transformations and the increase of entropy. Gibbs free energy is defined in relation to enthalpy, temperature and entropy.

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    storyboard

    Original Title

    1.1.2_Storyboard_Launch

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    The document discusses energy flow and transformations through organisms. It explains that phototrophs and lithotrophs get energy from sunlight or inorganic molecules, while organotrophs get energy from organic food molecules. It also describes how autotrophs and heterotrophs get carbon through CO2 or food, and how catabolism generates energy while anabolism uses energy. The first and second laws of thermodynamics are mentioned regarding potential and kinetic energy transformations and the increase of entropy. Gibbs free energy is defined in relation to enthalpy, temperature and entropy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views15 pages

    1.1.2 Storyboard Launch

    Uploaded by

    shoaib1985
    The document discusses energy flow and transformations through organisms. It explains that phototrophs and lithotrophs get energy from sunlight or inorganic molecules, while organotrophs get energy from organic food molecules. It also describes how autotrophs and heterotrophs get carbon through CO2 or food, and how catabolism generates energy while anabolism uses energy. The first and second laws of thermodynamics are mentioned regarding potential and kinetic energy transformations and the increase of entropy. Gibbs free energy is defined in relation to enthalpy, temperature and entropy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    minerals!

    O2! Potential energy!

    organics!
    CO2!

    Catabolism! Energy to!


    generates ! do work!
    energy !
    and waste!
    Anabolism!
    uses up energy!
    All organisms!

    ENERGY!
    Sunight! Not sunlight!

    Chemotrophs!
    Phototrophs! Lithotrophs! Inorganic!
    Organotrophs! Organic!
    All organisms!

    ENERGY!
    Sunight! Not sunlight!

    Chemotrophs!
    Phototrophs! Lithotrophs! Inorganic!
    Organotrophs! Organic!

    CARBON!

    CO2! Food! CO2! Food!

    Autotrophs! Heterotrophs! Autotrophs! Heterotrophs!


    Chemical! Sunlight!
    energy!

    Heat!

    Autotroph!
    O2,!
    Chemical! H2O,!
    Organic!
    energy! CO2!
    molecules!

    Heterotroph!

    Heat!
    1st Law of Thermodynamics!
    1st Law of Thermodynamics!

    High potential energy!

    Kinetic!
    energy!

    Chemical!
    energy!

    Food!

    Low potential energy!


    1st Law of Thermodynamics!

    High potential energy!

    Kinetic!
    energy! Kinetic!
    energy!
    Chemical!
    energy! Electrical!
    energy!
    Food!

    Low potential energy!


    2nd Law of Thermodynamics!
    Gibb’s free energy equation!

    G = H - TS!

    free enthalpy! temperature


    energy! x!
    entropy!
    Enthalpy (H)!
    Total energy of the system!
    (energy in bonds)!
    G = H - TS!
    Temperature x Entropy (TS)!

    G = H - TS!
    Free energy (G)!
    (energy that can do work)!

    G = H - TS!

    portion of all! portion of


    energy! energy! energy
    that can that can’t
    do work! do work!
    Image credits:

    Stanley the French Bulldog image used with permission of owners Jesselynn Opie and Mark
    Lax.

    Coal head image used with permission of Alain Viel (course instructor).

    Sand castle: Public Domain from US Environmental Protection Agency
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Galveston_Island_Park_Beach_Sand_Castle_
    %285984947488%29.jpg

    Thermometer: Public domain. Author Vojtěch Hála.
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Temperature_in_eV.svg

    Serotonin: Public Domain. Author Ben Mills.
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Serotonin-Spartan-HF-based-on-xtal-3D-balls-
    web.png

    Apple: Public Domain. Author: James Birkett
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Red_apple.svg

    Water drop: Public Domain. Author: openclipart.org.
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rg1024_Set_of_water_drops.svg
    Image credits:

    Plant: Public Domain. Author: Francisco Manuel Blanco (O.S.A.)
    https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Corchorus_acutangulus_Blanco1.141-cropped.jpg

    E. Coli: CC-BY-3.0.
    Title: Escherichia coli by togopic.png
    Author: Database Center for Life Sciences (DBCLS)
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Escherichia_coli_by_togopic.png
    License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/

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