Transposition of The Communication Line

1.Magnetic circuit breaker has instantaneous Trip action.
2. in a circuit breaker the basic problem is to extinguish the arc.
3.the arcing contacts in a circuit breaker are made of copper tungsten alloy.
4.Air Blast Circuit breaker is used for repeated duty.
5. The steady state stability of the power system can be increased by Connecting lines in
parallel .
6. The inductive interference between power and communication line can be minimized by
transposition of the power line and transposition of the communication line.
7. A thermal protection switch can protect against overload.
8. Thermal circuit breaker has delayed trip action .
9. The time of closing the cycle, in modern circuit breakers is 0.003 sec .
10. Transmission line has reflection coefficient as one open circuit.
11. Resistance grounding is used for voltage between 3.3kV and llkV .
12. Discrimination between main and back up protection is provided by the use of relays
which are slow .
13. Thermal overload relays are used to protect the motor against over current due to heavy
loads.
14. When a transmission line is energized, the wave that propagates on it is current and
voltage wave.
15. Overload relays are of type.
Induction , solid state, thermal, electromagnetic
16. H.R.C. fuse, as compared to a rewirable fuse, has
no ageing effect , high speed of operation , high rupturing capacity
17. The inverse definite mean time relays are used for over current and earth fault
protection of transformer against internal short-circuits.
18. Which of the following devices will receive voltage surge first travelling on
the transmission line ?
Lightning arresters.
19. The relay with inverse time characteristic will operate within 5 to 10 sec.
20. Arc in a circuit behaves as a resistance decreasing with voltage rise across
the arc.
20. The reflection co-efficient at the open circuited end of a transmission line. Unity.
21. Protection by fuses is generally not used beyond 100a.
22. The ground wire should not be smaller than No __10____ copper.
23. Directional relays are based on flow of Power.
24. Admittance relay is _______ relay. Directional
25. The voltage appearing across the contacts after opening of the circuit breaker is
called______voltage. Recovery.
26. The material used for fuse must have low melting point and -low specific resistance
27. For cost and safety, the outdoor substations are installed for voltages above 33kv.
28. The torque produced in induction type relay (shaded pole structure) is
inversely proportional to the square of the current
29. What will be the reflection co-efficient of the wave of load connected to transmission line if
surge impedance of the line is equal to load ? zero
30. Burden of a protective relay is the power absorbed by the circuit of relay
31. The line insulation is the insulation level of the station equipment.not directly
related with
32.A balanced 3-phase system consists of Positive seq current only.
33. The delay fuses are used for the protection of motors.
34. Ungrounded neutral transmission system is not recommended because of system
insulation being overstressed due to over voltages
insulation overstress may lead to failure and subsequent phase to phase

faults
being inadequately protected against ground fault
35. Induction cup relay is operated due to changes in current,voltage, impedence.
36. Which of the following parameter can be neglected for a short line? Capacitance
37. Shunt capacitance is neglected while considering Short xmision line.
38. The under voltage relay can be used for generators busbars transformers motors
39. In order that current should flow without causing excessive heating or voltage drop, the relay
contacts should
Have low contact resistance , Be clean and smooth, Be of sufficient size and proper shape
40. On which of the following effects of electric current a fuse operates? Heating effect
41. Ionization in circuit breaker is facilitated by
high temperature , increase of mean free path, increasing filed strength.
42. Fault diverters are basically fast switches.
43. Relays can be designed to respond to changes in R,X,Z,V,I, kight insity,Temp.
44. On which of the following routine tests are conducted ?
Oil circuit breakers, Air blast circuit breakers, Minimum oil circuit breakers
45. Relays are used for phase faults on long line. Impedence.
46. By which of the following methods major portion of the heat generated in a H.R.C. fuse
is dissipated ? Conduction
47. The relay operating speed depends upon
the spring tension, the rate of flux built up, armature core air gap
48. If the fault occurs near the impedance relay, the VII ratio will be
lower than that of if fault occurs away from the relay
49. Oil switches are employed for High v And Large current
50. Which of the following circuit breakers has high reliability and minimum maintenance ?
SF6
51. For which of the following ratings of the transformer differential protection is
recommended ? Equal to Abouve 2 Mva
52. When a wave propagates on a transmission line, it suffers reflection several times at
Sending And Other end
53. A fuse is never inserted in Neutral wire
54. The arc voltage produced in A.C. circuit breaker is always
In phase with the arc current
55. Circuit breakers are essentially
current carrying contacts called electrodes

56. A transmission line is protected by
Time graded and current graded over current protection.
57. Which of the following is the least expensive protection for overcurrent is low voltage
system ? Rewireable fuse
1.Ionization in circuit breakers is facilitated by
a) Increase of field strength
b) Increase of mean free path
c) High temperature
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
2. Arc interruption is done by

a) High resistance interrupon
b) Low resistance interrupon
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
3. Part of circuit breaker helpful in breaking the current is

a) Trip Coil
b) Contacts
c) Handle
d) Medium
Ans: (b)
4. Desired tripping of a circuit breaker is

a) Manually
b) Automacally
c) That it should give warning
d) None of these
Ans: (b)
5. Arcing time is the time between

a) Separaon of circuit breaker and exncon of arc
b) Separaon of circuit breaker and rise of recovery voltage
c) Normal current interrupon and arc exncon
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
6. For single frequency transients, ratio of peak restriking voltage to time

between voltage zero
and peak voltage is called
a) Restriking voltage
b) Recovery voltage
c) Rate of rise restriking voltage
d) Acve recovery voltage
Ans: (c)
7. Time between energisation of trip coil and separation of contacts is called

a) Closing me
b) Opening me
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans: (d)
8. In circuit breaker, to facilitate arc quenching, dielectric strength can be

increased by
a) Lengthening of the gap
b) Cooling
c) Blast effect
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
9. Rate of rise restriking voltage depends upon

a) Acve recovery voltage
b) Natural frequency of oscillaons
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Rang of circuit breaker
Ans: (c)
10. An ideal circuit breaker should offer

a) Zero & infinite impedance before & aer interrupon respecvely
b) Infinity & zero impedance before & aer interrupon respecvely
c) Equal impedance before & aer interrupon
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
11. Interrupting a low inductive current may lead to

a) Very high restriking voltage
b) Very high current
c) Rupture of circuit breaker
d) Current chopping
Ans: (d)
12. Instantaneous voltage in a circuit breaker depends upon

b) Rate of rise restriking voltage
c) Power factor
d) Frequency
Ans: (c)
13. Current chopping can be avoided by

a) Resistance switching
b) Inducve switching
c) Capacive switching
d) Diode switching
Ans: (a)
14. Recovery voltage is the value of the r.m.s. voltage that re-appears across the
poles of a
circuit breaker before
b) Final arc disncon
c) Rise of voltage
d) All of these
Ans: (b)
15. Time between separation of contacts and energisation of trip coil is called
a) Opening time
b) Closing time
c) Arching time
d) Decaying time
Ans: (a)
16. Which of the following is not a protective gear?

a) Fuse
b) Circuit breaker
c) Relay
d) None of these
Ans: (d)
17. Difficulty of performing the circuit breaking operation is a function of

a) Circuit voltage
b) Magnitude of the current
c) Electrical constants of the circuit
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
18. When contacts of circuit breaker opens

a) Arc is produced
b) Voltage rises
c) Breaker fails
d) Arc chamber is broken
Ans: (a)
19. A.C. air break circuit breakers are used for

a) Very high voltage
b) Very low voltage
c) Medium voltage
d) Medium and low voltage
Ans: (d)
20. Quantity of oil in bulk oil circuit breakers increases with

a) Decrease in voltage
b) Increase in voltage
c) Pressure of arc
d) Mechanical stresses
Ans: (b)
21. Air blast circuit breakers are preferred for

a) Short duty
b) Intermient duty
c) Repeated duty
d) All of these
Ans: (c)
22. Rating of circuit breaker depends upon

a) Breaking capacity
b) Making capacity
c) Short me capacity
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
23. Phenomenon of arc interruption takes place at

a) Zero voltage
b) Zero current
c) High current
d) High voltage
Ans: (b)
24. Symmetrical breaking current is

a) Peak value of a.c. component
b) Average value of a.c. component
c) R.m.s. value of a.c. component
d) All of these
Ans: (c)
25. Over voltage may be due to

a) Lightning impulse waveform
b) 50 Hz a.c.
c) Peak value of 50 Hz a.c.
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
26. In vacuum breakers, current wave

a) Reaches its maximum value
b) Aains its r.m.s. value
c) Is chopped
d) Aains its average value
Ans: (c)
27. In oil circuit breakers, dielectric strength of oil should be

a) High
b) Low
c) Medium
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
28. Main disadvantage (s) of oil circuit breaker is that it

a) Is easily inflammable
b) May from an explosive mixture with air
c) Requires maintenance
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
29. Breaker should adjust itself to

a) Fault magnitude and me
b) Increased arc and me of quenching
c) R R R V
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
30. At higher currents, the switchgear exhibit

a) Corona effect
b) Skin effect
c) Mechanical stresses
d) Poor regulaon
Ans: (b)
31. Plain circuit breaker can’t be used for voltage above

a) 400 V
b) 3.3 kV
c) 11 kV
d) 33 kV
Ans: (c)
SHAHAJIRAO PATIL VIKAS PRATISHTHAN
S. B. PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, INDAPUR, DIST: PUNE.
DEPARTMENT OF ELCTRICAL ENGINEERING
ACA – R Academic Year: 2019 -20

Rev : 01 MULTI CHOICE QUESTIONS
Semester: II
Date: 03.07.2017
Date:14/03/2020
Ref: SPVP/SBPCOE/ELECT/2019-20/F22
Division/Class: BE Sub: switchgear and protection Subject Teacher: Prof. T.V. Deokar
Ques.1. The main function of a fuse is to

1. Protect the line
2. Open the circuit
3. Prevent excessive currents
4. None of the above
Answer.3. Prevent Excessive current
Ques.2. On which of the following routine tests are conducted?

1. Oil circuit breakers
2. Air blast circuit breakers
3. Minimum oil circuit breakers
4. All of the above
Answer.4. All of the above
Ques.3. SF6 gas

1. Is yellow in color
2. Is lighter than air
3. Is nontoxic
4. Has pungent small
Answer.3. Is nontoxic
Ques.4. The arcing contacts in a circuit breaker are made of

1. Copper tungsten alloy
2. Porcelain
3. Electrolytic copper
4. Aluminum alloy
Answer.1. Copper tungsten alloy

Ques.5. Which of the following medium is employed for the extinction of arc in air circuit
breaker?
1. Water
2. Oil
3. Air
4. SF6
Answer.3. Air
Ques.6. With which of the following, a circuit breaker must be equipped for remote
operation?
1. Inverse time trip
2. Time-delay trip
3. Shunt trip
4. All of the above
Answer.3. Shunt trip
Ques.7. A protective device, which reduces the steepness of wavefront of a surge by

absorbing surge energy is called
1. Surge Diverters
2. Surge absorber
3. Switching surges
4. Earthing screen
Answer.2. Surge absorber
Ques.8. A thermal protection switch can protect against

1. Short-circuit
2. Temperature
3. Overload
4. Overvoltage
Answer.3. Overload
Ques.9. Arc in a circuit behaves as

1. A capacitive reactance
2. An inductive reactance
3. A resistance increasing with voltage rise across the arc
4. A resistance decreasing with voltage rise across the arc
Answer.3. A resistance increasing with voltage rise across the arc
Ques.10. The thermal circuit breaker has

1. Delayed trip action
2. Instantaneous trip action
3. Instantaneous short action
4. Any of the above
Answer.1. Delayed trip action
Ques.11. Relays can be designed to respond to changes in

1. Resistance, reactance or impedance
2. Voltage and current
3. Temperature
4. All of the above
Ques.12. Overload relays are of ________ type.

1. Solid state
2. Thermal
3. Electromagnetic
4. All of the above

Ques.13. Thermal overload relays are used to protect the motor against over current due
to
1. Short-circuits
2. Heavy loads
3. Grounds.
4. All of the above
Answer.2. Heavy Loads
Ques.14. The magnetic circuit breaker has ______ trip action.

1. Delayed
2. Instantaneous
3. Short
Answer.2. Instantaneous
Ques.15. D.C. shunt relays are made of

1. Few turns of thin wire
2. Few turns of thick wire
3. Many turns of thin wire
4. Many turns of thick wire
Answer.3. Many turns of thin wire
Ques.16. The function of the circuit breaker is

1. To safeguard the circuit
2. On and off the circuit
3. To save human life
4. None of these
Answer.1. To safeguard the circuit

Ques.17. In order that current should flow without causing excessive heating or voltage
drop, the
relay contacts should
1. Have low contact resistance
2. Be clean and smooth
3. Be of sufficient size and proper shape
4. Have all above properties
Answer.4. Have all above properties
Ques.18. Circuit breakers usually operate under

1. Transient state of short-circuit current
2. Sub-transient state of short-circuit current
3. The steady state of short-circuit current
4. After D.C. component has ceased
Answer.1. Transient state of short-circuit current
Ques.19. Circuit breakers are essentially

1. Current carrying contacts called electrodes
2. Arc extinguishers
3. Circuits to break the system
4. Transformers to isolate the two systems
Answer.1. Current carrying contacts called electrodes
Ques.20. The current zero interruption, in oil and air blast circuit breakers, is achieved by
1. Lengthening of the gap
2. Cooling and blast effect
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Deionizing the oil with forced air
Answer.3. Both 1 and 2

Ques.21. Air blast circuit breaker is used for

1. Overcurrent
2. Short duty
3. Intermittent duty
4. Repeated duty
Answer.4. Repeated duty
Ques.22. An efficient and well-designed protective relaying should have

1. Good selectivity and reliability
2. Economy and simplicity
3. High speed and selectivity
4. All of the above
Ques.23. The burden of a protective relay is the power

1. Required to operate the circuit breaker
2. Absorbed by the circuit of relay
3. Developed by the relay circuit
Answer.2. Absorbed by the circuit of relay
Ques.24. Directional relays are based on the flow of

1. Power
2. Current
3. Voltage Wave
Answer.1. Power
Ques.25. A differential relay measures the vector difference between

1. Two current
2. Two voltage
3. Two similar quantities
4. Any of the above
Answer.4. Any of the above
Ques.26. A transmission line is protected by

1. Time graded and current graded overcurrent protection
2. Distance Protection
3. Both 1 and 2
Ques.27. Large internal faults are protected by

1. Merz price percentage differential protection
2. Mho and ohm relays
3. Horn gaps and temperature relays
4. Earth fault and positive sequence relays
Answer.1. Merz price percentage differential protection
Ques.28. When a transmission line is energized, the wave that propagates on it is

1. Current wave only
2. Voltage wave only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Power factor wave only

Ques.29. Protective relays are devices that detect abnormal conditions in electrical circuits
by measuring
1. Current during abnormal condition
2. Voltage during abnormal condition
3. Constantly the electrical quantities which differ during normal and abnormal
conditions
Answer.3. Constantly the electrical quantities which differ during normal and
abnormal condition
Ques.30. The voltage appearing across the contacts after the opening of the circuit
breaker is called______voltage.
1. Recovery
2. Surge
3. Operating
4. Arc
Answer.1. Recovery
Ques.31. Ionization in the circuit breaker is facilitated by

1. High temperature
2. The increase of mean free path
3. Increasing field strength
4. All of the above
Ques.32. The rated voltage of the circuit breaker is

1. RMS Phase to Phase Voltage
2. Average Phase to Phase Voltage
3. RMS Ground to phase voltage
4. RMS Phase to Phase Voltage
Answer.1. RMS Phase to Phase Voltage

Ques.33. A relay used on short transmission lines is

1. Reactance Relay
2. Mho’s Relay
3. Impedance Relay
4. None of these
Answer.1. Reactance Relay
Ques.34. The time interval which is passed in between the energization of the trip coil to
the instant of contact separation is called the _________
1. Opening Time
2. Closing Time
3. Delayed Time
Answer.1. Opening Time
Ques.35. Shunt capacitance is neglected while considering

1. Short transmission line
2. Medium transmission line
3. Long transmission line
4. Medium and long transmission lines
Answer.1. Short transmission line
Ques.36. The arc voltage produced in A.C. circuit breaker is always

1. In phase with the arc current
2. Lagging the arc current by 90°
3. Leading the arc current by 90°
Answer.1. In phase with the arc current

Ques.37. IDMT Relay stands for

1. Inverse Divide Minimum Time
2. Inverse Define Minimum Time
3. Inverse Definite Minimum Time
4. Inverse Differentiate Minimum time
Answer.3. Inverse Definite Minimum Time
Ques.38. Insulation resistance of high voltage circuit breakers is carried out when
1. The circuit breaker is open
2. The circuit breaker is closed
3. Any of the above
Answer.3. Any of the above
Ques.39. H.R.C. fuses provide the best protection against

1. Overload
2. Reverse current
3. Open-circuits
4. Short-circuits
Answer.4. Short-circuits
Ques.40. The ground wire should not be smaller than No ______ copper.
1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 10
Answer.4. 10
Ques.41. The delay fuses are used for the protection of_____
1. Motors
2. Power outlet circuit
3. Fluorescent lamps
4. Light circuits
Answer.1. Motors
Ques.42. Which of the following is the least expensive protection for overcurrent is a low
voltage system?
1. Rewire able fuse
2. Isolator
3. Oil circuit breaker
4. Air break circuit breaker
Answer.1. Rewire able fuse
Ques.43. Resistance grounding is used for voltage between

1. 33kV to 66kV
2. 2.2 kV to 33 kV
3. 3.3 kV to 11 kV
4. All of the above
Answer.2. 2.2 kV to 33 kV
Ques.44. The current zero interruption, in oil and air blast circuit breaker, is achieved by
1. Deionizing the oil with forced air
2. Lengthening of the gap or cooling the blast effect
3. Lengthening of the gap
4. Cooling of the blast effect
Answer.2. Lengthening of the gap or cooling the blast effect

Ques.45. In Railway applications ______ circuit breaker is used.

1. SF6
2. Bulk oil
3. Minimum oil
4. Air Blast
Answer.4. Air Blast
Ques.46. MCB protects a circuit from

1. Short circuit
2. Over Load only
3. Both short circuit and overload
Answer.3. both short circuit and overload
Ques.47. Wave trap is used to trap waves of

1. Power frequencies
2. Higher frequencies entering generator or transformer units
3. Lower frequencies entering generator or transformer units
4. Medium frequencies entering generator or transformer units
Answer.2. Higher frequencies entering generator or transformer units
Ques.48. The underground neutral transmission system is not recommended because of

the system
1. Insulation being overstressed due to overvoltage
2. Insulation overstress may lead to failure and subsequent phase to phase faults
3. Being inadequately protected against ground fault
4. All of the above

Ques.49. The reflection coefficient at the open-circuited end of a transmission line

1. Zero
2. Infinity
3. Unity
Answer.3. Unity
Ques.50. For the protection of power station buildings against direct strokes the
requirements are
1. Interception
2. Interception and conduction
3. Interception, conduction, and dissipation
4. Interception, conduction, dissipation, and reflection
Answer.3. Interception, conduction, and dissipation
Ques.51. Which of the following is used for the measurement of the insulation resistance?
1. Megger
2. Wattmeter
3. Ammeter
4. Voltmeter
Answer.1. Megger
Ques.52. The interaction between a transmission line and the communication line is
minimized by
1. Transposing transmission as well as communication lines
2. Increasing the height of the transmission line tower
3. Increasing the distance between the two lines
4. All of the above

Ques.53. In order to switch-off and EHV circuit for maintenance, the following sequence is
adopted:
1. Open the circuit breaker, open the isolator, operate the earth switch
2. Operate the earth switch, open the isolator, open the circuit breaker
3. Open the isolator, operate the earth switch, open the circuit breaker
4. Open the isolator, open the circuit breaker, operate the earth switch
Answer.1. Open the circuit breaker, open the isolator, operate the earth switch
Ques.54. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. Station batteries are used to operate relay only
2. The lightning arresters have basically surged diverters
3. An impedance relay has maximum fault current when the fault occurs near the relay
4. A high-speed relay has an operation of 1 to 2 cycles
Answer.2. The lightning arresters have basically surged diverters
Ques.55. Discrimination between main and back up protection is provided by the use of
relays
1. Facts
2. Sensitive
3. Slow
Answer.3. Slow
Ques.56. Induction cup relay is operated due to changes in

1. Current
2. Voltage
3. Both 1 & 2
Answer.3. Both 1 & 2

Ques.57. A.C. network analyzer is used to solve problems of

1. Load flow
2. Load flow and short-circuit
3. Load flow and stability
4. Load flow, short-circuit and stability
Answer.4. Load flow, short-circuit and stability
Ques.58. Lightning arrester connected in a power system protect electrical equipment

from
1. Over-voltage due to indirect lightning stroke
2. Direct stroke of lightning
3. Frequency fluctuation
4. Overcurrent due to indirect lightning stroke
Answer.4. Over-voltage due to indirect lightning stroke
Ques.59. Short-circuit currents are due to

1. Single phase to ground faults
2. Phase to phase faults
3. Two-phase to ground faults
4. Three phase faults
5. Any of these
Answer.5. Any of these
Ques.60. In busbar protection what is the method of providing an earthed metal barrier
surrounding a bus throughout its length called?
1. Fault bus protection
2. Time graded Overcurrent protection
3. Distance protection
4. Differential protection
Answer.1. Fault bus protection

Ques.61. Bus coupler is very essential in the arrangement

1. Single bus
2. Double bus, double breaker
3. Main and transfer bus
4. All of the above
Answer.3. Main and transfer bus
Ques.62. For cost and safety, the outdoor substations are installed for voltages above
1. 11 kV
2. 33 kV
3. 60 kV
4. 110 kV
Answer.2. 33 kV
Ques.63. The short circuit in any winding of the transformer is the result of
1. Mechanical vibration
2. Insulation failure
3. Loose connection
4. Impulse voltage
Answer.4. Impulse voltage
Ques.64. A mho relay is used for protection of:

1. Protection of a transformer against external fault
2. Long Transmission Line
3. Protection of a transformer against all the internal faults and external fault
4. Medium Length lines
Answer.2. Long Transmission Line

Ques.65. For which of the following protection from negative sequence currents is
provided?
1. Generators
2. Motors
3. Transmission line
4. Transformers
Answer.1. Generators
Ques.66. A relay which measures impedance or a component of the impedance at the

relay location is known as
1. Induction Relay
2. Moving Coil Relay
3. IDMT Relay
4. Distance Relay
Answer.4. Distance Relay
Ques.67. Distance relays are generally

1. Mho relays
2. Reactance relays
3. Impedance relays
4. All of the above
Ques.68. For which of the following ratings of the transformer differential protection is
recommended?
1. Above 30 kVA
2. Equal to and above 5 MVA
3. Equal to and above 25 MVA
Answer.2. Equal to and above 5 MVA

Ques.69. A _______ is used to measure the stator % winding temperature of the generator.
1. Thermocouple
2. Pyrometer
3. Resistance thermometer
4. Thermometer
Answer.4. Thermometer
Ques.70. The under voltage relay can be used for

1. Generators
2. Busbars
3. Motors
4. All of the above
Ques.71. The relay with inverse time is

1. Directly proportional to the square of fault current
2. Direct proportional to the of fault current
3. Inversely proportional to the of fault current
4. Inversely proportional to the square of fault current
Answer.3. Inversely proportional to the of fault current
Ques.72. When the fault current is 2000 A, for a relay setting of 50% with CT ratio 500/5,
the plug setting multiplier will be
1. 16
2. 12
3. 4
4. 8
Answer.4. 8
Ques.73. Which of the following devices will receive voltage surge first traveling on the
transmission line?
1. Lightning arresters
2. Relays
3. Step-down transformer
4. Switchgear
Answer.1. Lightning arresters
Ques.74. Which of the following parameter can be neglected for a short line?
1. Inductance
2. Capacitance
3. Resistance
4. Reactance
Answer.2. Capacitance
Ques.75. Series reactors should have

1. Low resistance
2. High resistance
3. Low impedance
4. High impedance
Answer.1. Low resistance
Ques.76. Which of the following circuit breakers has high reliability and minimum
maintenance?
1. Air blast circuit breakers
2. Circuit breaker with SF6 gas
3. Vacuum circuit breakers
4. Oil circuit breakers
Answer.2. Circuit breaker with SF6 gas

Ques.77. Arc in a circuit breaker is interrupted at

1. Zero current
2. Maximum current
3. Minimum current
4. Maximum voltage
Answer.1. Zero current
Ques.78. The transmission line has a reflection coefficient as one

1. Open circuit
2. Short-circuit
3. Long
Answer.1. Open circuit
Ques.79. What will be the reflection coefficient of the wave of the load connected to the
transmission line if surge impedance of the line is equal to load?
1. Zero
2. Unity
3. Infinity
Answer.1. Zero
Ques.80. A Buchholz relay is used for

1. Protection of a transformer against all internal faults.
2. Protection of a transformer against external faults.
3. Protection of a transformer against both internal and external faults.
4. Protection of induction motors.
Answer.1. Protection of a transformer against all internal faults

Ques.81. Overvoltage protection is recommended for

1. Hydro-electric generators
2. Steam turbine generators
3. Gas turbine generators
4. All of the above
Answer.1. Hydro-electric generators
Ques.82. In a thyrite lightning arrester the resistance

1. Decrease linearly with the applied voltage
2. Is high at low current and low at high current
3. Is low at low current and high at high current
4. Increase linearly with the applied voltage
Answer.2. Is high at low current and low at high current
Ques.83. Over fluxing protection is recommended for

1. Distribution transformer
2. Generator transformer of the power plant
3. Auto-transformer of the power plant
4. Station transformer of the power plant
Answer.2. Generator transformer of the power plant
Ques.84. Series capacitors are used to

1. Compensate for line inductive reactance
2. Compensate for line capacitive reactance
3. Improve line voltage
Answer.1. Compensate for line inductive reactance
Ques.85. Admittance relay is _______ relay.

1. Impedance
2. Distance
3. Non-directional
Answer.2. Distance
Ques.86. The material used for fuse must have
1. The low melting point and high specific resistance
2. The low melting point and -low specific resistance
3. High melting point and low specific resistance
4. Low melting point and any specific resistance
Answer.2. the low melting point and low specific resistance
Ques.87. If the fault occurs near the impedance relay, the VI ratio will be
1. Constant for all distances
2. Lower than that of if the fault occurs away from the relay
3. Higher than that of if the fault occurs away from the relay
Answer.2. Lower than that of if the fault occurs away from the relay
Ques.88. The torque produced in induction type relay (shaded pole structure) is
1. Inversely proportional to the current
2. Inversely proportional to the square of the current
3. Proportional to the current
4. Proportional to the square of the current
Answer.4. Proportional to the square of the current
Ques.89. The steady-state stability of the power system can be increased by

1. Connecting lines in parallel
2. Connecting lines in series
3. Using machines of high impedance
4. Reducing the excitation of machines
Answer.1. Connecting lines in parallel

Ques.90. Stability of a system is not affected by_____

1. Reactance of Line
2. Losses
3. Reactance of generator
4. Output Torque
Answer.1. Reactance of line
Ques.91. The following statement is associated with the Buchholz relay is not true
1. It is a gas actuated device
2. It is a current operative device
3. It is placed between the transformer tank and the conservator
4. It causes alarm for minor fault and tripping for major fault
Answer.2. It is a current operative device
Ques.92. A fuse is connected

1. In series with the circuit
2. In parallel with the circuit
3. Either in series or in parallel with circuit
Answer.1. In series with the circuit
Ques.93. H.R.C. fuse, as compared to a rewirable fuse, has

1. No aging effect
2. High speed of operation
3. High rupturing capacity
4. All of the above

Ques.94. The fuse rating is expressed in terms of

1. Current
2. Voltage
3. VAR
4. KVA
Answer.1. Current
Ques.95. Which one of the given fuse is bigger?

1. DC
2. AC
3. DC or AC
4. Both have same fuse size
Answer.1. DC
Ques.96. MCB protects a circuit from

1. Short circuit
2. Over Load only
3. Both short circuit and overload
Answer.3. Both short circuit and overload
Ques.97.In which of the following equipment, current rating is not necessary?

1. Circuit breaker
2. Relay
3. Isolator
4. Load break switch
Answer.3. Isolator
Ques.98. A fuse in a motor circuit provides protection against

1. Overload
2. Short-circuit
3. Open circuit, short-circuit and overload
Answer.2. Short-circuit
Ques.99. Which of the following fuse is very fast in operation?
1. KitKat fuse
2. Semiconductor Fuse
3. Cartridge fuse
4. High rupturing capacity type
Answer.2. Semiconductor Fuse
Ques.100. A fuse is never inserted in

1. Neutral wire
2. Negative of D.C. circuit
3. Positive of D.C. circuit
4. Phase line
Answer.1. Neutral wire
Ques.101. What is / are the main disadvantage of using oil as the quenching medium in
the circuit breakers?
a. Need periodical replacement.
b. Risk of formation of explosive mixture with air.
c. Possibility of causing fire hazards.
d. All of the above.
ANSWER: All of the above.
Ques.102. a three phases, 33 kV oil circuit breaker is rated 1200 A, 2000 MVA, 3s. What is
its symmetrical breaking current?
a. 1200 A
b. 3600 A
c. 35 kA
d. 104.8 kA
ANSWER: 35 kA
Ques.103. A thermal protection switch provides protection against what?

a. Overload
b. Temperature
c. Short circuit
d. Over voltage
ANSWER: Overload
Ques.104. Which of the following circuit breakers is used for the railway electrification?
a. Air blast circuit breaker
b. SF6 circuit breaker
c. Bulk oil circuit breaker
d. Minimum oil circuit breaker
ANSWER: Air blast circuit breaker
Ques.105. Which circuit breaker is preferred to be installed in extra high voltage AC

system?
a. Bulk oil type circuit breaker
b. Air blast circuit breaker
c. SF6 circuit breaker
d. Vacuum circuit breaker
ANSWER: SF6 circuit breaker
Ques.106. Which among these circuit breakers produce the least arc energy?
a. Plain oil
b. Minimum oil
c. Air blast
d. Air break
ANSWER: Air blast

Ques.107. The rating of the circuit breaker is usually determined on the basis of
____________ fault.
a. Symmetrical
b. Line to line
c. Single line to ground
d. Double line to ground
ANSWER: Symmetrical
Ques.108. Which of the following circuit breaker is highly reliable and has a least
maintenance?
a. Oil circuit breakers
b. Air blast
c. Vacuum circuit breakers
d. SF6 circuit breakers
ANSWER: SF6 circuit breakers
Ques.109. Circuit breakers usually operate under

a. Steady short circuit current
b. Sub transient state of short circuit current
c. Transient state of short circuit current
d. None of these
ANSWER: Sub transient state of short circuit current
Ques.110. What is the making capacity of the circuit breaker?

a. Less than the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
b. Greater than the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
c. Equal to the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
d. Equal to the symmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
ANSWER: Greater than the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker

Ques.111. A three phase circuit breaker is rated 2000 MVA, 33 kV. What will be its making
current?
a. 35 kA
b. 49 kA
c. 70 kA
d. 89 kA
ANSWER: 89 kA
Ques.112. The breaking capacity of a three phase circuit breaker is given by

a. Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
b. √3 * Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
c. 1.1* Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
d. √2 * Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
ANSWER: √3 * Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6

MVA
Ques.113. Which of the following circuit breakers has the lowest operating voltage?
a. SF6 circuit breaker
b. Air break
c. Air blast
ANSWER: Air break
Ques.114. What is the making to breaking current ratio for an extra high voltage circuit
breaker?
a. More than 1
b. Equal to 1
c. Less than 1
d. A negative value
ANSWER: More than 1

Ques.115. Why is an isolator installed?
a. To isolate one portion of the circuit from another
b. As an substitute for the circuit breaker
c. It used on either sides of the circuit breaker
d. Both (a) and (c)
e. None of these
ANSWER: To isolate one portion of the circuit from another
Ques.115. For which among the following the current ratings are not required?
a. Circuit breakers
b. Relays
c. Isolators
d. Load break switch
ANSWER: Isolators
Ques.116. The isolators used in the transmission lines are capable of breaking
a. Fault current
b. No current
c. Charging current
d. Load current
ANSWER: Charging current
Ques.117. Why are the isolators used?

a. Break abnormal current
b. Making under fault conditions
c. Breaking the circuit under no load condition
d. None of the above
ANSWER: Breaking the circuit under no load condition

Ques.118. What is the major cause of the failure of the circuit breaker?
a. Trip circuit open
b. Trip latch defective
c. Spring defective
d. All of these
ANSWER: All of these
Ques.119. What is the purpose of back up protection?

a. To increase the speed
b. To increase the reach
c. To leave no blind spot
d. To guard against failure of primary
ANSWER: To guard against failure of primary
Ques.120. What is the actuating quantity for the relays?

a. Magnitude
b. Frequency
c. Phase angle
d. All of these
Ques.121. Protective relays can be designed to respond to ___________.

a. Light intensity, impedance
b. Temperature, resistance, reactance
c. Voltage and current
d. All of these
Ques.122. On what factor does the operating speed of the relay depend?
a. Rate of flux built up
b. Armature core air gap
c. Spring tension
d. All of these
Ques.123. Plug setting of a electromagnetic relay can be altered by varying

a. Number of ampere turns
b. Air gap of magnetic path
c. Adjustable back stop
d. None of these
ANSWER: Number of ampere turns
Ques.124.The most efficient torque producing actuating structure for the induction type
relays is
a. Shaded pole structure
b. Watt hour meter structure
c. Induction cup structure
d. Single induction loop structure
ANSWER: Induction cup structure
Ques.125. The least expensive protection for over current in low-voltage system is
A. Rewirable fuse
B. Isolator
C. Circuit breaker
D. Air-break switch
ANSWER: Rewirable fuse
Ques.126. Purpose of backup protection is

A. To increase the speed
B. To increase a reach
C. To leave no blind spot
D. To guard against failure of primary
Ques.127. We do not require any protection against prime mover failure in case of
A. Turbo generator sets
B. Hydro generator sets
C. Diesel engine driven alternators
D. Back pressure turbo generators
ANSWER: Turbo generator sets
Ques.128. For the protection of stator winding of an alternate against internal fault
involving ground the relay used is a
A. Biased differential relay
B. Directional over-current relay
C. Plain impedance relay
D. Buchholz relay
ANSWER: Biased differential relay
Ques.129. For the protection of a large squirrel cage induction motor against single phase
normally
A. An over-current relay is used
B. Differential relay is used
C. Directional relay is used
D. Negative sequence current sensitive relay is used
ANSWER: Negative sequence current sensitive relay is used
Ques.130. The most commonly used method for the protection of three phase feeder is
A. Time graded protection
B. Differential protection
C. Reverse power protection
D. None of the above
ANSWER: Differential protection

Ques.131.Which is the pilotless protection method for feeder line ?

A. Differential protection
B. Carrier current protection
C. Time credit protection
ANSWER: Carrier current protection
Ques.132.time graded protection of a radial feeder can be achieved by using

A. Definite time relay
B. Inverse time relay
C. Both definite and inverse time relays
ANSWER: Both definite and inverse time relays
Ques.133.Pilot-wire protection scheme is the most economical and provides high speed
relaying for
A. Short length of lines upto 15 km
B. Medium length of lives up to 60 km
C. Long length of lines up to 200 km
D. All of the above
ANSWER: Short length of lines upto 15 km
Ques.134.Problems associated with differential protection is/are

A. Magnetising inrush current
B. Mismatching characteristics of CTs
C. Charge of ratio as a result of tapping
D. All of the above
ANSWER: All of the above

Ques.135.For the protection of transformers, harmonic restraint is used to guard against

A. Magnetising inrush current
B. Unbalanced operation
C. Lightning
D. Switching over-voltage
ANSWER: Magnetising inrush current
Ques.136.The types of faults that occur in electric motors are

A. Stator
B. Rotor
C. Overload
D. All of the above
Ques.137.The main function of under voltage protective device generally employed with a
motor starter is to
A. Open the supply circuit on failure of power supply
B. Control the motor voltage
C. Prevent the opening of supply circuit
ANSWER: Open the supply circuit on failure of power supply
Ques.138.The bias factor S in unit protection synchronous generators

A. Lies between .05 and .1 pu
B. Is less than .05 pu
C. Lies between .1 to .25 pu
D. Is greater than .025 pu
ANSWER: Lies between .05 and .1 pu
Ques.139.In a balanced voltage pilot wire protection scheme if the pilot circuit gets
opened, the relay will
A. Fail to trip on internal faults
B. Trip on full load
C. Trip instantaneously on external faults
ANSWER: Fail to trip on internal faults
Ques.140.In a balanced voltage pilot-wire protection scheme, if the pilot circuit gets short-
circuited, the relay will
A. Fail to trip on internal faults
B. Fail to trip on external faults
C. Trip on full load
D. Trip instantaneously
ANSWER: Trip on full load
Ques.141. The frequency of carrier in the carrier current pilot scheme is in the range of
A. 1 kHz to 10 kHz
B. 10 kHz to 25 kHz
C. 25 kHz to 50 kHz
D. 50 kHz to 500 kHz
ANSWER: 50 kHz to 500 kHz
Ques.142. The frequency of carrier transmitted by microwave pilot is in the range of

A. 1000 kHz to 1500 kHz
B. 2000 kHz to 5000 kHz
C. 900 kHz to 6000 kHz
D. 10000 kHz to 15000 kHz
ANSWER: 900 kHz to 6000 kHz
Ques.143. In carrier current protection the purpose of the wave trap is for
A. Trapping power frequency waves

B. Trapping high frequency waves entering into generators/ transformer unit
C. Both a and b
ANSWER: Trapping high frequency waves entering into generators/ transformer unit
Ques.144.As soon as a fault develops in a generator stator, it is essential to suppress field

excitation, otherwise
A. Terminal voltage will drop
B. It may lead to loss of synchronism
C. It will continue to supply power to the stator winding fault
D. All of the above
ANSWER: it will continue to supply power to the stator winding fault
Ques.145.Distance protection scheme is preferred over graded lime-lag over-current

protection in HV and EHV lines because
A. It is faster in operation
B. It is simple
C. It is cheaper in cost
D. All of the above
ANSWER: It is faster in operation
Ques.146. Requirements of protection power station buildings against direct strokes are
A. Interception
B. Conduction
C.. Dissipation
D. All of the above
Ques.147.The protection against direct lighting strokes and a high-voltage steep waves is
provided by
A. Ground wires
B. Lightning arresters
C. Lightning arresters and ground wires
D. Earthling of neutral
ANSWER: Lightning arresters and ground wires
Ques.148.For protection of rotating machines against lightning surge .............is

used
A. Lightning arrester
B. Capacitor
C. Combination of lightning arrester and a capacitor
D. Lightning conductor and arrester
ANSWER: Combination of lightning arrester and a capacitor
Ques.149. Outdoor switchgear is generally used for voltage beyond

A. 11 KV
B. 33 KV
C. 66 KV
D. 132 KV
ANSWER: 66 KV
Ques.150. In between the generating station and consumers a number of transformation

and switching stations exist, these are called the
A. Switchgears
B. Substations
C. Intermediate substations
D. Transformation stations
ANSWER: Sub-stations
Protective Relays page-1
1.A single phasing relay can be used with
a) 1ɸ motor
b) 2r ɸ motor
c) 3 ɸ motor
d) All of these
Ans: (c)
2. A relay is used to
a) Break the fault current
b) Sense the fault
c) Sense the fault and direct to trip the circuit breaker
d) All of these
Ans: (c)
3. In impedance relay, current element torque should be

a) Equal to voltage element torque
b) Greater than voltage element torque
c) Less than voltage element torque
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
4. Over current fault is most likely in

a) Transformer
b) Overhead line equipment
c) Alternator
d) Motors
Ans: (b)
5. Plug setting of a relay can be changed by changing

a) Air gap
b) Back up stop
c) Number of ampere turns
d) All of these
Ans: (c)
6. Distance relays are generally

a) Impedance type
b) MHO type
c) Reactance type
d) All of these
Ans: (b)
7. Buchholz relay is used to protect against

a) Inter-turn fault
b) External faults
c) Rotor faults
d) Every internal faults
Ans: (d)
8. Instantaneous relay should operate within
a) 0.0001 sec
b) 0.001 sec
c) 0.01 sec
d) 0.1 sec
Ans: (c)
9. MHO relay is inherently a

a) Direconal type
b) Non-direconal type
c) Unidireconal type
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
10. Basic relay connection requirement is that the relay must operate for
a) Load
b) Internal faults
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans: (b)
11. An impedance relay is used for

a) Earth faults
b) Interphase faults
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
12. Relay gets its operating energy from

a) Transformer
b) Alternator
c) Overhead lines
d) C.T., P.T.
Ans: (d)
13. Good relay should possess

a) Speed & reliability
b) Aped & sensivity
c) Adequateness & selecvity
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
14. Earthing transformer is used to

a) Improve neutral wire’s current capacity
b) Avoid overheang of transformer
c) Provide arficial earthing
d) Avoid harmonics
Ans: (c)
15. Percentage differential protection is used to prevent against

a) Inter-turn faults
b) Heavy Loads
c) External Faults
d) Magnezing current
Ans: (d)
16. Back up protection is needed for

a) Over voltage
b) Short circuits
c) Over current
d) All of these
Ans: (b)
17. An instantaneous relay is

a) Permanent moving magnet
b) Inducon cup
c) Shaded pole
d) Moving coil
Ans: (a)
18. Relays for transmission line protection are

a) In three zones
b) In two zones
c) Independent of zone
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
19. Induction cup relays responds to

a) Current
b) Power
c) Voltage
d) Impedance
Ans: (d)
20. Split-phase relay responds to

a) Over load faults
b) Over voltage
c) Inter turn faults
d) All of these
Ans: (c)
21. Time classification of relays includes

a) Instantaneous relays
b) Definite me lag
c) Inverse me lag
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
22. Directional relays responds to

a) Power
b) Voltage
c) Current
d) Reactance
Ans: (a)
23. Single phase preventers are used for

a) Transmission lines
b) Transformers
c) Motors
d) Underground cables
Ans: (c)
24. In carrier current protection, wave trap is used is for trapping

a) High frequency waves entering in generang units
b) Power frequency waves
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
25. Operating current in relay is

a) A.c. only
b) D.c. only
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
26. For phase fault on long line, which relay is used?

a) MHO relays
b) Reactance relays
c) Impedance relays
d) All of these
Ans: (c)
27. For motor protection, which relay is used?

a) Thermocouple type relays
b) Bimetallic relays
c) Electronic relays
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
28. For protection against synchronizing power surges, which relay is used?
a) Split-phase relays
b) Impedance relays
c) Reactance relays
d) MHO relays
Ans: (d)
29. Pilot wire protection is for

a) Overhead lines
b) Transformer
c) Motors
d) Cables
Ans: (a)
30. Under voltage relays are used for

a) Motors
b) Alternators
c) Bus bars
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
31. In an impedance relay, fault current is maximum if fault occurs near the
a) Relay
b) Center of the line
c) Transformer
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
32. More faults occur in

a) Generators
b) Under ground cables
c) Transformers
d) Over head lines
Ans: (d)
33. Actual tripping of a static relay is obtained by

a) SCR
b) Thyristors
c) UJT
d) None of these
Ans: (d)
34. Instantaneous relay is

a) Hinged armature type
b) Polarized type
c) Balanced beam type
d) All of these
Ans: (a)
35. It is possible to work on ungrounded systems of 11 kV for a length of

a) 10 Kms
b) 50 Kms
c) 90 kms
d) 110 Kms
Ans: (d)
36. Advantage of grounded neutral is

a) Persistent arcing grounds are eliminated
b) Earth fault are ulized to disconnect the fault
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
37. Neutral can be grounded by

a) Solid grounding
b) Resistance grounding
c) Reactance grounding
d) All of these
Ans: (d)
38. Thyrite is used in lightning arrestors because of its

a) Straight line characterisc
b) Non-linear characterisc
c) None of these
d) All of these
Ans: (b)
39. Location of lightning arrestor is

a) Aer the transformer
b) Aer the distributor
c) Before the transformer
d) None of these
Ans: (c)
40. Lightning arrestors are

a) Surge reflectors
b) Surge divertors
c) Surge absorbers
d) Surge aenuators
Ans: (b)
41. Relays for transmission line protection are

a) In three zones
b) In two zones
d) None of these
Ans: (a)
1. Plug setting of a relay can be altered by varying________.
a) Air gap of magnetic path

b) Number of ampere-turns
c) Adjustable back up stop
d) None of these
Ans:
2. If the operation of a relay does not involve any change in air gap, then the ratio of rest to pick
up is usually________.
a) Low
b) Medium
c) High
d) Independent of the change in air gap
Ans:
3. Drop out to cutoff ratio for most relays is of the order of__________.
a) 0.2 to 0.3
b) 0.3 to 0.4
c) 0.4 to 0.6
d) 0.6 to 1.0
Ans:
4. Basic quantity measured in a distance relay is_________.
a) Impedance
b) Current difference
c) Voltage difference
d) None of these
Ans:
5. Which of following are the desirable qualities of protective relays?
a) Stability, reliability
b) Speed sensitivity
c) Selectivity, adequacy
d) None of these
Ans:
6. Protective relays are devices which detect abnormal conditions in electrical circuit by
measuring___________.
a) Current during abnormal condition

b) Voltage during abnormal condition
c) Both (a) and (b) simultaneously
d) Constantly the electrical quantities which differ during normal and abnormal conditions
Ans:
7. Time interval from instant of contact separation to time of arc extinction is called________.
a) Arcing time
b) Opening time
c) Closing time
d) None of these
Ans:
8. A distance relay measures_________.
a) Current difference
b) Voltage difference
c) Impedance difference
d) Distance between two CT’s
Ans:
9. Maximum short circuit current occurs due to__________.
a) Line-to-line fault
b) Line-to-line circuit
c) Dead short circuit
d) Both (a) and (b) occurring simultaneously
Ans:
10. Buchholz relays are used for transformers of ratings above__________.
a) 100 kV
b) 200 kV
c) 500 kV
d) 1000 kV
Ans:
11. The voltage appearing across the contacts after the opening of the circuit breaker is
called__________.
a) Arc voltage
b) Recovery voltage
c) Surge voltage
d) Break open voltage
Ans:
12. Air blast circuit breaker is operated at a pressure of__________.
a) 5 to 10 kg/cm2
b) 10 to 15 kg/cm2
c) 15 to 20 kg/cm2
d) 20 to 30 kg/cm2
Ans:
13. The basic problem in a circuit breaker is to__________.
a) Maintain the arc

b) Emit ionization electrons
c) Extinguish the arc
d) None of these
Ans:
14. In oil and air blast circuit breakers, the current zero interruption is attained by__________.
a) Lengthening of arc
b) Cooling and blast effect
c) Deionizing the oil with forced air
d) Both (a) and (b) above
Ans:
15. Buchholz relay is used for the protection of__________.
a) Alternators
b) Transformers
c) Switch yard
d) Transmission lines
Ans:
16. Which of the following is a directional relay?
a) Reactance relay
b) Mho relay
c) Reactance relay
d) Both (b) and (c)
Ans:
17. Which of the following is an instantaneous relay?
a) Induction type
b) Shaded pole type
c) Thermocouple type
d) Permanent magnet moving coil type
Ans:
18. Which of the following is not an instantaneous relay?
a) Polarized type
b) Balance beam type
c) Hinged armature type
d) Induction disc type
Ans:
19. Directional relays respond to the__________.
a) Voltage polarities
b) Flow of current
c) Flow of power
d) All of these
Ans:
20.In a circuit breaker, are is initiated by the process of__________.
a) Thermal emission
b) Alternators
c) Field emission
Ans:
21. Bulk oil circuit breaker is suitable for voltages up to__________.
a) 4 kV
b) 25 kV
c) 10 kV
d) 36 kV
Ans:
22. Circuit breakers are essentially__________.
a) Current carrying contacts called electrodes

b) Arc extinguishers
c) Transformers to isolate two systems
d) Circuits to break the system
Ans:
23. The voltage across the circuit breaker pole after final current zero is__________.
b) Supply voltage
c) Recovery voltage
d) None of these
Ans:
24. Which of the following circuit breakers takes minimum time installation?
a) Bulk oil circuit breaker

b) Minimum oil circuit breaker
c) Air blast circuit breaker
d) SF6 circuit breaker
Ans:
25. In a power system, the rate of rise of Restriking voltage depends upon__________.
a) Circuit power factor only

b) Switching condition only
c) Both (a) and (b) above
d) None of these
Ans:
26. In a circuit breaker, the arcing contents are made of__________.
a) Aluminum
b) Electrolytic
c) Copper tungsten alloy
d) Tungsten
Ans:
27. The following medium is employed for extinction of arc in air break circuit breakers?
a) Air
b) Oil
c) Water
d) None of these
Ans:
28. The following circuit breaker does not use pneumatic operating mechanism__________.
a) Air brake circuit breaker

b) Air blast circuit breaker
c) Bulk oil circuit breaker
Ans:
29. In a circuit breaker, are is initiated by the process of__________.
a) Thermal emission
b) Alternators
c) Field emission
Ans:
30. Bulk oil circuit breaker is suitable for voltages up to__________.
a) 4 kV
b) 25 kV
c) 10 kV
d) 36 kV
Ans:
31. Circuit breakers are essentially__________.
a) Current carrying contacts called electrodes

b) Arc extinguishers
c) Transformers to isolate two systems
d) Circuits to break the system
Ans:
32. The voltage across the circuit breaker pole after final current zero is__________.
b) Supply voltage
c) Recovery voltage
d) None of these
Ans:
33. Which of the following circuit breakers takes minimum time installation?
a) Bulk oil circuit breaker

b) Minimum oil circuit breaker
c) Air blast circuit breaker
Ans:
34. In a power system, the rate of rise of Restriking voltage depends upon__________.
a) Circuit power factor only

b) Switching condition only
c) Both (a) and (b) above
d) None of these
Ans:
35. In a circuit breaker, the arcing contents are made of__________.
a) Aluminum
b) Electrolytic
c) Copper tungsten alloy
d) Tungsten
Ans:
36. Fault diverters are basically__________.
a) Circuit breakers
b) Fast switches
c) Relays
d) Fuses
Ans:
37. The following medium is employed for extinction of arc in air break circuit breakers?
a) Air
b) Oil
c) Water
d) None of these
Ans:
38. The following circuit breaker does not use pneumatic operating mechanism__________.
a) Air brake circuit breaker

b) Air blast circuit breaker
c) Bulk oil circuit breaker
Ans:
39.Time classification of relays includes__________.
a) Instantaneous relays
b) Definite time lag
c) Inverse time lag
d) All of these
Ans:
40. Directional relays responds to__________.

a) Power
b) Voltage
c) Current
d) Reactance
Ans:
41. In carrier current protection, wave trap is used is for trapping__________.
a) High frequency waves entering in generating units

b) Power frequency waves
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans:
42. Operating current in relay is__________.
a) A.C. only
b) D.C. only
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans:
43.For phase fault on long line, which relay is used?
a) MHO relays
b) Reactance relays
c) Impedance relays
d) All of these
Ans:
44. For motor protection, which relay is used?
a) Thermocouple type relays

b) Bimetallic relays
c) Electronic relays
d) All of these
Ans:
45. Pilot wire protection is for__________.
a) Overhead lines
b) Transformer
c) Motors
d) Cables
Ans:
46. Under voltage relays are used for__________.
a) Motors
b) Alternators
c) Bus bars
d) All of these
Ans
47. An impedance relay is used for__________.
a) Earth faults
b) Interphase faults
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans:
48. Relay gets its operating energy from__________.
a) Transformer
b) Alternator
c) Overhead lines
d) C.T., P.T.
Ans:
49. Good relay should possess__________.
a) Speed & reliability

b) Aped & sensitivity
c) Adequateness & selectivity
d) All of these
Ans:
50. Percentage differential protection is used to prevent against__________.
a) Inter-turn faults
b) Heavy Loads
c) External Faults
d) Magnetizing current
Ans:
51. Back up protection is needed for__________.
a) Over voltage
b) Short circuits
c) Over current
d) All of these
Ans:
52. An instantaneous relay is__________.
a) Permanent moving magnet

b) Induction cup
c) Shaded pole
d) Moving coil
Ans:
53. Relays for transmission line protection are__________.
a) In three zones
b) In two zones
d) None of these
Ans:
54. Induction cup relays responds to__________.
a) Current
b) Power
c) Voltage
d) Impedance
Ans:
55. Split-phase relay responds to__________.
a) Over load faults

b) Over voltage
c) Inter turn faults
d) All of these
Ans:
56. A relay is used to__________.
a) Break the fault current

b) Sense the fault
c) Sense the fault and direct to trip the circuit breaker
d) All of these
Ans:
57. In impedance relay, current element torque should be__________.
a) Equal to voltage element torque

b) Greater than voltage element torque
c) Less than voltage element torque
d) None of these
Ans:
58. Over current fault is most likely in__________.
a) Transformer
b) Overhead line equipment
c) Alternator
d) Motors
Ans:
59. Plug setting of a relay can be changed by changing__________.
a) Air gap
b) Back up stop
c) Number of ampere turns
d) All of these
Ans:
60. Distance relays are generally__________.
a) Impedance type
b) MHO type
c) Reactance type
d) All of these
Ans:
61. Buchholz relay is used to protect against__________.
a) Inter-turn fault
b) External faults
c) Rotor faults
d) Every internal fault
Ans:
62. Instantaneous relay should operate within__________.
a) 0.0001 sec
b) 0.001 sec
c) 0.01 sec
d) 0.1 sec
Ans:
63. MHO relay is inherently a__________.
a) Directional type
b) Non-directional type
c) Unidirectional type
d) None of these
Ans:
64. Basic relay connection requirement is that the relay must operate for__________.
a) Load
b) Internal faults
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans:
65. In an impedance relay, fault current is maximum if fault occurs near the__________.
a) Relay
b) Center of the line
c) Transformer
d) None of these
Ans:
66. More faults occur in__________.
a) Generators
b) Underground cables
c) Transformers
d) Over head-lines
Ans:
67. Actual tripping of a static relay is obtained by__________.
a) SCR
b) Thyristors
c) UJT
d) None of these
Ans:
68. Instantaneous relay is__________.
a) Hinged armature type

b) Polarized type
c) Balanced beam type
d) All of these
Ans:
69. Relays for transmission line protection are__________.
a) In three zones
b) In two zones
d) None of these
Ans:
70. Plug setting of a relay can be altered by varying__________.
a) Air gap of magnetic path

b) Number of ampere-turns
c) Adjustable back up stop
d) None of these
Ans:
71. Drop out to cutoff ratio for most relays is of the order of__________.
a) 0.2 to 0.3
b) 0.3 to 0.4
c) 0.4 to 0.6
d) 0.6 to 1.0
Ans:
72. Basic quantity measured in a distance relay is__________.
a) Impedance
b) Current difference
c) Voltage difference
d) None of these
Ans:
73. Which of following are the desirable qualities of protective relays?
a) Stability, reliability
b) Speed sensitivity
c) Selectivity, adequacy
d) None of these
Ans:
74. Protective relays are devices which detect abnormal conditions in electrical circuit by
measuring__________.
a) Current during abnormal condition

b) Voltage during abnormal condition
c) Both (a) and (b) simultaneously
d) Constantly the electrical quantities which differ during normal and abnormal conditions
Ans:
75. Time interval from instant of contact separation to time of arc extinction is called__________.
a) Arcing time
b) Opening time
c) Closing time
d) None of these
Ans:
76. A distance relay measures__________.
a) Current difference
b) Voltage difference
c) Impedance difference
d) Distance between two CT’s
Ans:
77. Maximum short circuit current occurs due to__________.
a) Line-to-line fault
b) Line-to-line circuit
c) Dead short circuit
d) Both (a) and (b) occurring simultaneously
Ans:
78. Fusing factor should be__________.
a) Equal to zero
b) Less than now
c) Equal to one
d) More than one
Ans:
79. Fuse wire should possess__________.
a) High specific resistance and high melting point

b) High specific resistance and low melting point
c) Low specific resistance and low melting point
d) Low specific resistance and high melting point
Ans:
80. If strands are twisted, then fusing current will__________.
a) Increase
b) Reduce
c) Remain same
d) May increase or decrease
Ans:
81. Fusing factor is defined as the ratio between__________.
a) Maximum fusing current and rated voltage

b) Maximum fusing current and rated current
c) Minimum fusing current and rated current
d) Minimum fusing current and rated voltage
Ans
82. Fuses can serve up to a current of__________.
a) 25 A
b) 50 A
c) 75 A
d) 100 A
Ans:
83. Cut-off current in a fuse is the__________.
a) Maximum value actually reached

b) R.m.s. value actually reached
c) Average value actually reached
d) None of these
Ans:
84. H.R.C. fuse have__________.
a) High rating of current

b) High rupturing capacity
c) High resistance capacity
d) None of these
Ans
85. Cartridge type fuse can be used up to a voltage of__________.
a) 400 V
b) 11 kV
c) 20 kV
d) 33 kV
Ans:
86. Liquid type H.R.C. fuses are used up to a voltage of__________.
a) 33 kV
b) 66 kV
c) 132 kV
d) 200 kV
Ans:
87. Ionization in circuit breakers is facilitated by__________.
a) Increase of field strength

b) Increase of mean free path
c) High temperature
d) All of these
Ans:
88. Arc interruption is done by__________.
a) High resistance interruption

b) Low resistance interruption
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans:
89. Part of circuit breaker helpful in breaking the current is__________.
a) Trip Coil
b) Contacts
c) Handle
d) Medium
Ans:
90. Desired tripping of a circuit breaker is__________.
a) Manually
b) Automatically
c) That it should give warning
d) None of these
Ans:
91. Arcing time is the time between__________.
a) Separation of circuit breaker and extinction of arc

b) Separation of circuit breaker and rise of recovery voltage
c) Normal current interruption and arc extinction
d) None of these
Ans:
92. For single frequency transients, ratio of peak Restriking voltage to time between voltage
zero and peak voltage is called__________.
b) Recovery voltage
c) Rate of rise Restriking voltage
d) Active recovery voltage
Ans:
93. Time between energization of trip coil and separation of contacts is called__________.
a) Closing time
b) Opening time
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Ans:
94. In circuit breaker, to facilitate arc quenching, dielectric strength can be increased
by__________.
a) Lengthening of the gap

b) Cooling
c) Blast effect
d) All of these
Ans:
95. Rate of rise Restriking voltage depends upon__________.
a) Active recovery voltage

b) Natural frequency of oscillations
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Rating of circuit breaker
Ans:
96. An ideal circuit breaker should offer__________.
a) Zero & infinite impedance before & after interruption respectively

b) Infinity & zero impedance before & after interruption respectively
c) Equal impedance before & after interruption
d) None of these
Ans:
97. Interrupting a low inductive current may lead to__________.
a) Very high Restriking voltage

b) Very high current
c) Rupture of circuit breaker
d) Current chopping
Ans:
98. Instantaneous voltage in a circuit breaker depends upon__________.
b) Rate of rise Restriking voltage
c) Power factor
d) Frequency
Ans:
99. Current chopping can be avoided by__________.
a) Resistance switching
b) Inductive switching
c) Capacitive switching
d) Diode switching
Ans:
100. Recovery voltage is the value of the r.m.s. voltage that re-appears across the poles of a
circuit breaker before__________.
b) Final arc distinction
c) Rise of voltage
d) All of these
Ans:
101. A.C. air brake circuit breakers are used for__________.
a) Very high voltage

b) Very low voltage
c) Medium voltage
d) Medium and low voltage
Ans:
102. Quantity of oil in bulk oil circuit breakers increases with__________.
a) Decrease in voltage
b) Increase in voltage
c) Pressure of arc
d) Mechanical stresses
Ans:
103. Air blast circuit breakers are preferred for__________.
a) Short duty
b) Intermittent duty
c) Repeated duty
d) All of these
Ans:
104. Rating of circuit breaker depends upon__________.
a) Breaking capacity
b) Making capacity
c) Short time capacity
d) All of these
Ans:
105. Phenomenon of arc interruption takes place at__________.
a) Zero voltage
b) Zero current
c) High current
d) High voltage
Ans:
106. Symmetrical breaking current is__________.
a) Peak value of A.C. component

b) Average value of A.C. component
c) R.m.s. value of A.C. component
d) All of these
Ans:
107. In vacuum breakers, current wave__________.
a) Reaches its maximum value

b) Attains its r.m.s. value
c) Is chopped
d) Attains its average value
Ans:
108. In oil circuit breakers, dielectric strength of oil should be__________.
a) High
b) Low
c) Medium
d) None of these
Ans:
109. Main disadvantage (s) of oil circuit breaker is that it__________.
a) Is easily inflammable
b) May from an explosive mixture with air
c) Requires maintenance
d) All of these
Ans:
110.. Breaker should adjust itself to__________.
a) Fault magnitude and time

b) Increased arc and time of quenching
c) R R R V
d) None of these
Ans:
111.Current copping tendency is minimized by using the F6 gas at relatively__________.
a) High pressure and low velocity.

b) High pressure and high velocity.
c) Low pressure and low velocity.
d) Low pressure and high velocity.
Ans:
112. Mho relay is normally used for the protection of__________.
a) Long transmission lines.

b) Medium length lines.
c) Short length lines.
d) No length criterion.
Ans
113. Resistance switching is normally resorted in case of__________.
a) Bulk oil circuit breakers.

b) Minimum oil circuit breakers.
c) Air blast circuit breakers.
d) All types of breakers.
Ans:
114. Stability of arc in vacuum depends upon__________.
a) The contact material only.

b) The contact material and its vapor pressure.
c) The circuit parameters only.
d) The combination of (b) and (c).
Ans:
115. Chances of arc interruption in subsequent current zeros__________.
a) Increases in case of ABCD but decreases in OCB.

b) Decreases in case of ABCD but decreases in OCB.
c) Decreases in both the cases.
d) Increases in both the cases.
Ans:
116. A 3-phase breaker is rated at 2000 MVA, 33kV, its making current will be__________.
a) 35 kA
b) 49 kA
c) 70 kA
d) 89 kA
Ans:
117. Carrier current protection scheme is normally used for__________.
a) HV transmission lines only.

b) HV cables only.
c) HV transmission and cables.
d) None of the above.
Ans:
118. Where voltages are high and current to be interrupted is low the breaker preferred
is__________.
a) Air blast C.B.

b) Oil C.B.
c) Vacuum C.B.
d) Any one of the above.
Ans:
119. If the time of operating of a relay for unity TMS is 10secs., the time of operation for 0.5 TMS
will be__________.
a) 20 secs.
b) 5 secs.
c) 10 secs.
d) None of the above
Ans:
120. Phase comparators in case of static relays and electro-mechanical relays normally
are__________.
a) Sine and cosine comparators respectively

b) Cosine and sine comparators respectively.
c) Both are cosine comparators.
d) Both are sing comparators.
Ans:
121. Buchholz relay is used for__________.
a) Carrier protection.
b) Transformer protection.
c) Generator protection.
d) Motor protection.
Ans:
122. The relay with inverse time characteristics will operate within__________.
a) 10 ms
b) 5 to 10s
c) 10 to 20s
d) above 25 s
Ans:
123. IDMT relays are used to protect the power transformer against__________.
a) External short circuit

b) Overloads
c) Internal short circuits
d) Both a & b
Ans:
124. In case of electro mechanical relay, relay coil is normally designed for_________.
a) 1 & 5 A
b) 5 and 10 A
c) 10 and 25A
d) 50 and100 A
Ans:
125. If the time of operation of a relay for unity TMS is 10 sec, the time of operation for 0.4
TMS will be _________.
a) 4 s
b) 25 s
c) 10 s
d) none of these.
Ans:
126. An over-current relay, having a current setting of 125% is connected to a supply circuit
through a current transformer of ratio 400/5. The pick-up value is _________.
a) 6.25 A
b) 10 A
c) 12.5 A
d) 15 A
Ans:
127. In an inverse definite minimum time electromagnetic type over current relay, the
minimum time feature is achieved because of_________.
a) Saturation of the magnetic circuit.

b) Proper mechanical design.
c) Appropriate time delay element
d) Electromagnetic damping.
Ans:
128. Which of the following is/are distance relays?
a) Impedance
b) Reactance,
c) Mho.
d) All of the above
Ans:
129. Impedance relay may use_________.
a) Balance beam structure

b) Induction cup structure
c) Shaded pole structure
d) Either A or B
Ans:
130. Threshold characteristics of a plain impedance relay in a complex Z plane is a_______.
a) circle passing through origin.

b) Circle with center at the origin
c) Straight line passing through origin
d) Straight line offset from the origin
Ans:
131. Admittance relay is________.
a) Non-directional relay.
b) Directional relay.
c) Differential relay.
d) None of these.
Ans:
132. MHO relays have an RX plane characteristic depicted by_________.
a) A straight line passing through origin

b) A straight line parallel to X axis
c) A straight line parallel to R axis
d) A circle passing through origin
Ans:
133. The relay best suited for phase fault relaying for medium transmission line
is__________.
a) MHO relay.
b) Reactance relay.
c) Impedance relay. d) None of these.
Ans:
134. For ground fault, we prefer__________.
a) Plain impedance relay

b) Directional relay.
c) Reactance relay.
d) Over-current relay.
Ans:
135. For the protection of lines against faults involving variable fault resistance, the
preferred relaying scheme is__________.
a) Plain impedance relay.

b) Directional over-current relay.
c) MHO relay.
d) Reactance relay.
Ans:
136. The relay used for phase fault protection of short transmission lines is__________.
a) Reactance relay
b) Impedance relay.
c) MHO relay
d) IDMT relay
Ans:
137. The relay best suited for phase fault relaying for long transmission lines is__________.
a) MHO relay.
b) Reactance relay.
c) Impedance relay.
d) Induction relay.
Ans:
138. Where severe synchronizing swing occurs, the relay employed is__________.
a) Impedance relay.
b) MHO relay.
c) Reactance relay.
d) Induction relay.
Ans:
139. Which of the following relays has inherent directional characteristic?
a) MHO.
b) Reactance.
c) Impedance.
Ans:
140. For the protection of a very long extra high voltage line, the protective relay used
is__________.
a) Over current with extremely inverse characteristics.

b) Percentage differential relay.
c) Reactance type distance relay
d) MHO type distance relay.
Ans:
141. A relay used for protection of motors against overload is__________.
a) Induction relay.
b) Thermal relay.
c) Impedance relay.
d) MHO relay.
Ans:
142. A differential relay responds to__________.
a) Algebraic difference of two or more similar electrical quantities.

b) Phasor difference of two or more similar electrical quantities.
c) Algebraic difference between two currents.
d) Algebraic difference between two voltages.
Ans:
143. Differential relays are used for protection of__________.
a) Feeders.
b) Alternators
c) Transformers.
d) All of these.
Ans:
144. Both voltage and current signals are required for__________.
a) A plain over-current relay.

b) A differential relay.
c) A directional relay.
d) A biased differential relay.
Ans:
145. The relay used for feeder protection is__________.
a) Under-voltage relay.
b) Translay relay.
c) Thermal relay.
d) Buchholz relay.
Ans:
146. In the case of transmission line protection, over current relay is used__________.
a) Only up to 110 kV.

b) Only up to 220 kV.
c) Only up to 50 kV.
d) Only up to 1,100kV
Ans:
147. The protection from negative sequence current is provided for__________.
a) Transformer
b) Transmission line
c) Motors
d) Generators
Ans:
148. A relay which has no moving parts and performs measurement with solid state circuit
is__________.
a) Differential relay
b) Static relay
c) Induction type relay
d) Thermal relay
Ans:
149. Which of the following relay does not make use of electromagnetic force__________.
a) Attracted armature type relay

b) Solenoid & plunger type impedance relay
c) Static relay
d) Induction type relay
Ans:
150. Over conventional electromechanical relays, the transistor relay has the limitations of
__________.
a) Characteristics varying with temperature and aging

b) Low short time overload capacity
c) Reliability dependent upon the large no of small components and their elect. conn.
d) All of the above
Ans:
151. In a static overload relay, inverse time characteristics are obtained by__________.
a) A transistor amplifier
b) An integrating circuit
c) A transistor switch.
d) A differentiating circuit
Ans:
152. A static coincidence circuit is used for__________.
a) Phase comparison
b) Amplitude comparison
c) Starting an impedance relay
d) Biasing a MHO relay
Ans:
153. Two input phase comparator in a static relay is made up of a__________.
a) Transformer amplifier
b) Transistor logic circuit
c) Rectifier bridge
d) Thyristor Bridge
Ans:
154. As compared to electromagnetic relays, static relays are__________.
a) Less suitable for auto reclosing

b) More suitable for auto reclosing
c) Both
d) None of these
Ans:
155. The phase comparators in case of a static relays and electromechanical relays normally
are__________.
a) Cosine and Sine comparators respectively

b) Sine & Cosine comparators respectively
c) Both are sine comparators
d) Both are cosine comparators
Ans:
156. Merz price protection is a type of__________.
a) Distance protection
b) Differential protection
c) Both (a) & (b)
d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Ans:
157. Merz Price protection is employed for protection of__________.
a) alternators.
b) transformers.
c) transmission lines.
d) both (a) and (b).
Ans:
158. Merz-Price relays are used for__________.
a) motor protection,
b) capacitor protection.
c) rectifier protection.
d) generator protection.
Ans:
159. The boundary of a protective system is determined by the location of__________.
a) circuit breakers.
b) transformers.
c) CTs.
d) PTs.
Ans:
160. Differential protection scheme is used for alternators of capacity more than__________.
a) 500 kVA.
b) 1 MVA.
c) 2 MVA.
d) 25 MVA.
Ans:
161. Flow of unbalanced three-phase currents through the stator winding of an alternator will
cause__________.
a) Vibration of the rotor.

b) Heating of the rotor.
c) Deceleration of the rotor.
Ans:
162. The short-circuit current of an alternator, in case of line to line fault, depends on
its__________.
a) Short-circuit resistance.
b) Transient reactance.
c) Synchronous reactance
Ans:
163. We do not require any protection against prime mover failure in case of__________.
a) Turbo-generator sets.
b) Hydro-generator sets.
c) Diesel-engine driven alternators.
d) Back pressure turbo-generators.
Ans:
164. The most common type of protection used or stator winding faults such as phase to phase
or phase-to- ground short circuit in case of alternator is__________.
a) Over-current protection.
b) Merz-Price protection.
c) Buchholz protection.
Ans:
165. A large-size generator is protected against overloads by providing__________.
a) Thermal relays.
b) Over-current relays.
c) Thermal sensitive relays.
d) Either of the above
Ans:
166. For the protection of stator winding of an alternator against internal fault involving
ground, the relay used is __________.
a) Biased differential relay.

b) Dover-current relay.
c) Plain impedance relay.
d) Buchholz relay.
Ans:
167. The bias factor S in unit protection synchronous generators__________.
a) Lies between 0.05 and 0.1 pu.

b) Is less than 0.05 pu
c) Lies between 0.10 to 0,25 pu
d) Is greater than 0.25 pu
Ans:
168. As soon as a fault develops in a generator stator, it is essential to suppress field

excitation, otherwise________.
a) Terminal voltage will drop.

b) It may lead to loss of synchronism.
c) It will continue to supply power to the stator winding fault.
d) all of the above.
Ans:
169. For the protection of a large squirrel cage induction motor against single phasing
normally__________.
a) An over-current relay is used.

b) A differential relay is used.
c) A directional relay is used,
d) Negative-sequence current sensitive relay is used,
Ans:
170. The main function of under voltage protective device generally employed with a motor starter
is to__________.
a) Open the supply circuit on failure of power supply

b) Control the motor voltage.
c) Prevent the opening of supply circuit
Ans:
171. The types of faults that occur in electric motors are__________.
a) Stator.
b) Rotor.
c) Over-load.
d) Under-voltage.
e) Unbalanced supply voltages and reverse or open phase starting.
f) All of the above.
Ans:
172. Earth fault protection for an electric motor is provided by means of__________.
a) Instantaneous over-current relay.

b) Instantaneous relay having a setting of approximately 30% of motor rated current in the
residual circuits of two CTs.
c) Ground wire
d) Both b & c
Ans:
173. The relay used for protection of power transformers against internal faults is __________.
a) Buchholz relay
b) MHO relay
c) Induction relay
d) Impedance relay
Ans:
174. In Merz price percentage differential protection of a Δ- Y transformer, the CT

secondary’s connection in the primary & secondary winding of the transformer would be in
the form of__________.
a) Δ- Y
b) Y- Δ
c) Δ- Δ
d) Y-Y
Ans:
175. For differential protection of power transformer (Δ- Δ) the current transformer will
have__________.
a) Δ- Δ connection
b) Y- Δ connection
c) Y-Y connection
d) Δ –Y connection
Ans:
176. A 3 –phase 11/66 kV delta / star transformer protected by Merz price scheme has CT ratio
of 400/5 on LT side. Ratio of CT on HT side will be equal to __________.
a) 1: 23
b) 23:1
c) 23: √3
d) √3:23
Ans:
177. To prevent maloperation of differentially connected relay while energizing a transformer

the relay restraining coil is biased with__________.
a) Second harmonic current

b) Third harmonic current
c) Fifth harmonic current
d) Seventh harmonic current
Ans:
178. The percentage differential protection of a transformer protects the transformer against
__________.
a) External faults
b) Magnetizing current inrush
c) Overloading
d) Internal fault
Ans:
179. Magnetizing inrush current in a transformer in rich is __________.
a) Third harmonic component

b) Fifth harmonic component
c) Second harmonic component
d) All odd harmonic component
Ans:
180. Magnetizing inrush phenomena occur in __________.
a) Large transformer primary only, when the transformer is switched on

b) Large transformer primary when a three-phase fault occurs in the secondary
c) Large transformer secondary when the transformer is switched on in the Primary
Ans:
181. For the protection of transformer harmonic restraint is used to guard against__________.
a) Magnetizing inrush current

b) Unbalanced operation
c) Lightening
d) Switching over voltage
Ans:
182. The connections of CT’s are opposite to that of transformer windings so that current in
the pilot wires of two are / have __________.
a) Same phase
b) Opposite in phase
c) Phase difference of 60 degrees
d) Phase difference of 90 degrees
Ans:
183. For preventing the maloperation of Merz price protection scheme on inrush of
magnetizing current__________.
a) The relay restraining coil is biased with the second harmonic current.
b) Time lag is provided in the relay.
c) Relay sensitivity is reduced by employing shunt.
d) All of the above.
Ans:
184. Problems associated with differential protection is / are
a) Magnetizing in-rush current.

b) Mismatching characteristics of CTs.
c) Change of ratio as a result of tapping.
d) Oil all of the above.
Ans:
185. ____________ protection used for protection of transmission line is a unit type
protection.
a) Distance
b) Current graded over-current
c) Carrier current
d) Time graded over-current
Ans:
186. A transmission line is protected by__________.
a) Distance protection.
b) Current graded over-current protection.
c) Time graded over-current protection.
d) In-rush protection.
e) (a), (b) and (c).
Ans:
187. Graded time lag over-current relaying without directional features can he employed for
protection of __________.
a) Ring mains.
b) Parallel feeders.
c) Radial feeders.
Ans:
188. Time graded protection of a radial feeder can be achieved by using__________.
a) Definite time relays.

b) Inverse time relays.
c) Both definite and inverse time relays,
Ans:
189. For the protection of parallel feeders fed from one end the relays required are______.
a) Non-directional relays at the source end and directional relays at the load end.
b) Non-directional relays at both the ends.
c) Direction relays at the source end and non-directional relays at the load end.
d) Directional relays at both the ends.
Ans:
190. Pilot-wire protection scheme is most economical and provides high speed relaying
for__________.
a) Short length of lines up to 15 km.

b) Medium length of lines up to 60 km
c) Long length of lines up to 200 km.
Ans:
191. Adjustable resistors are connected in the pilot wires in order to__________.
a) Change the phase of the current flowing through the relay.

b) Get equipotential points on pilot wire
c) Reduce the current flowing through the relay
Ans:
192. In a balanced voltage pilot-wire protection scheme if the pilot-circuit gets opened, the
relay will__________.
a) Fail to trip on internal faults.
b) Trip on full load.
c) Trip instantaneously on external faults.
Ans:
193. In a balanced voltage pilot-wire protection scheme, if the pilot-circuit gets short- circuited,
the relay will________.
a) Fail to trip on internal faults.

b) Fail to trip on external faults.
c) Trip on full-load.
d) Trip instantaneously.
Ans:
194. Carrier current protection scheme is normally used for protection of HV cables only
________.
a) HV transmission lines only.

b) Both (a) & (b).
c) None of the above.
Ans:
195. The frequency of carrier in the carrier current pilot scheme is in the range of__________.
a) 1 kHz to 10 kHz.
b) 10 kHz to 25 kHz.
c) 25 kHz to 50 kHz.
d) 50 kHz to 500 kHz.
Ans:
196.The frequency of carrier transmitted by micro-wave pilot is in the range of__________.
a) 1,000 kHz to 1,500 kHz.

b) 2,000 kHz to 5,000 kHz.
c) 900 MHz to 6,000 MHz
d) 10,000 MHz to 15,000 MHz
Ans:
197. In carrier current protection the purpose of wave trap is for__________.
a) Trapping power frequency waves

b) Trapping high frequency waves entering into generator / transformer unit
c) Both (a) and (b)
Ans:
198. In an overhead transmission line, wave traps are used for the detection of__________.
a) The fault current signals.

b) The fault voltage signals.
c) Carrier signals.
d) Fault power signals
Ans:
199. Coupling capacitors used in carrier protection have values usually in the range
of__________.
a) 1 to 20 µF.
b) 100 to 500 µF
c) 0.01 to 0.1 µF.
d) 1,000 to 5,000 pF
Ans:
200. The line trap in the case of carrier current pilot consists of__________.
a) Series L-C circuit.

b) Series R-L-C circuit.
c) Parallel L-C circuit.
d) Parallel R-C circuit.
Ans:
201. The line trap unit employed in carrier current relaying__________.
a) Offers high impedance to 50 Hz power frequency signals.

b) Offers high impedance to carrier frequency signals.
c) Offers low impedance to carrier frequency signals.
d) Offers low impedance to carrier frequency signals and high impedance to 50 Hz power
frequency signals.
Ans:
202. A line trap in a long transmission line is used to__________.
a) Improve the power factor.

b) Dampen the over-voltage oscillations.
c) Confine the carrier signals in the line.
d) Protect the line against direct lightning stroke.
Ans:
203. Line trap and coupling capacitors are used for carrier current protection in which
_________.
a) Line trap has high impedance to 50 Hz signal but low impedance to carrier current
signal whereas a coupling capacitor has low impedance to 50 Hz signal but high
impedance to carrier signal
b) Line trap has low impedance to 50HZ signal but high impedance to carrier current
signal, where as a coupling capacitor has high impedance to 50 Hz signal but low
impedance to carrier signal.
(c) Both the line trap and coupling capacitor have low impedance to 50 Hz signal but
high impedance to carrier current signal.
(d) Both the line trap and coupling capacitor have high impedance to 50 Hz signal but low
impedance to carrier current signal.
Ans:
204. In a 3-step distance protection, the reach of the three zones of the relay at the beginning
of the first line typically extends into __________.
a) 100% of the first line, 50% of the second line and 20% of the third line.
b) 80% of the first line, 50% of the second line and 20% of the third line.
c) 80% of the first line, 50% of the second line and 10% of the third line.
d) 50% of the first line, 50% of second line and 20% of the third line
Ans:
205. First zone distance relay protects a transmission line section up to__________.
a) It’s full-length.
b) 50% of its full-length.
c) 25% of its full-length
d) 80% of its full-length.
Ans:
206. Distance protection scheme is preferred over graded lime-lag over-current protection in HV
and EHV lines because____________.
a) It is faster in operation
b) It is simple
c) It is cheaper in cost.
Ans:
207. In distance protection of transmission line, the voltage at the relay point ________ with
increase of distance of fault point from the relay.
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains constant
d) Drops to zero instantaneously
Ans:
208. Over-current protection responds to________________
a) Increase in current above pick-up value
b) Single line to earth fault
c) Double line to earth fault
d) All of above
Ans:
209. The earth fault in stator causes _____________
a) arcing to core
b) severe heating in conductors and thereby damaging the insulation
c) open circuit in the stator
d) both (a) and (b)
Ans:
210. The overvoltage surges in power system may be caused by
a) lightning
b) resonance
c) switching
d) all of these
Ans:
SGP MCQS QUESTION BANK
1.Relay gets its operating energy from-

a.Transformer
b.Alternator
c.Overhead line
d. CT,PT
ANSWER:D
2. Which of the following circuit breakers is used for the railway electrification?
a. Air blast circuit breaker
b. SF6 circuit breaker
c. Bulk oil circuit breaker
ANSWER: Air blast circuit breaker
3.Back up protection is needed for –

a.Over voltage
b.Short circuits
c.Over current
d.All of these
ANSWER:B
4. Which circuit breaker is preferred to be installed in extra high voltage AC system?

a. Bulk oil type circuit breaker
b. Air blast circuit breaker
c. SF6 circuit breaker
d. Vacuum circuit breaker
ANSWER: SF6 circuit breaker
5.Induction cup relays responds to –

a.Current
b.Power
c.Voltage
d.Impedance
ANSWER:D
6) Which among these circuit breakers produce the least arc energy?
a. Plain oil
b. Minimum oil
c. Air blast
d. Air break
ANSWER: C Air blast
7)Rating of circuit breaker depends upon-

Breaking capacity
Making capacity
Short time capacity
All of these
ANSWER:D
8) The rating of the circuit breaker is usually determined on the basis of ____________ fault.
a. Symmetrical
b. Line to line
c. Single line to ground
d. Double line to ground
ANSWER: Symmetrical
9) Which of the following circuit breaker is highly reliable and has a least maintenance?
a. Oil circuit breakers
b. Air blast
c. Vacuum circuit breakers
d. SF6 circuit breakers
ANSWER: SF6 circuit breakers
10)Phenomenon of arc interruption takes place at-

Zero voltage
Zero current
High Voltage
High Current
ANSWER:B
11)Effect of Arc Resistance and swing are perform by-

MHO
Impedance
reactance relay
none
ANSWER :B
12)In which relay having no effect on arc fault-
Impedance
reactance
MHO
Thermal overlod
ANSWER : B
13) Symmetrical breaking current is-
Symmetrical breaking
Average value of a.c. component
R.m.s. value of a.c. component
All of these
ANSWER:C
14) Non directional over current relay scheme is not suitable for-
Ring main and interconnected
Tie Scheme
Sectionlise
None of these
ANSWER :A
15) Circuit breakers usually operate under

a. Steady short circuit current
b. Sub transient state of short circuit current
c. Transient state of short circuit current
d. None of these
ANSWER: B Sub transient state of short circuit current
16) What is the making capacity of the circuit breaker?

a. Less than the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
b. Greater than the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
c. Equal to the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
d. Equal to the symmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
ANSWER: B Greater than the asymmetrical breaking capacity of the breaker
17) The impedance of transmission line is proportion to

Distance
Length
Rated current
Rated Voltage
ANSWER : B
18) In oil circuit breakers, dielectric strength of oil should be-

High
Low
Medium
None
ANSWER:A
19) A three phase circuit breaker is rated 2000 MVA, 33 kV. What will be its making current?
a. 35 kA
b. 49 kA
c. 70 kA
d. 89 kA
ANSWER: 89 kA
20) Plain circuit breaker can’t be used for voltage above-

400kv
3.3kv
66kv
11kv
ANSWER:D 11KV
21) The breaking capacity of a three phase circuit breaker is given by

a. Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
b. √3 * Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
c. 1.1* Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
d. √2 * Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-6 MVA
ANSWER: √3 * Service line voltage * rated symmetrical current in amperes * 10-

6 MVA
22) The earth fault protection of short and medium lines is used-
Quadrilateral relay
Electro magnetic
Electro mechanical
none
ANSWER : A
23) Part of circuit breaker helpful in breaking the current is-

Trip Coil
Contact
Handle
Medium
ANSWER:B
24) Assertion
(A): In comparison to making capacity of a circuit breaker its breaking
capacity is normally higher.
Reason (R): The breaking capacity of a CB is expressed as √3 * VI * 10-6 MVA
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true.
ANSWER: A is false but R is true.
25) It is a technology to improve situation and visibility within power system grids
is
WAM
PMU
PLCC
None
ANSWER : A
26) Arcing time is the time between-

Separation of circuit breaker and extinction of arc
Separation of circuit breaker and rise of recovery voltage
None of these
ANSWER:A
27) What is the making to breaking current ratio for an extra high voltage circuit breaker?
a. More than 1
b. Equal to 1
c. Less than 1
d. A negative value
ANSWER: More than 1
28) For single frequency transients, ratio of peak restriking voltage to time
between voltage zero and peak voltage is called-
Restriking voltage
Recovery voltage
RRRV
Active Recovery voltage
ANSWER:C RRRV
29) Arc resistance is given by-

2.9*10^4L/(If)^1.4
2.9*10^4L/(If)^1.6
2.5*10^4L/(If)^1.4
None
ANSWER: A
30) Why is an isolator installed?

a. To isolate one portion of the circuit from another
b. As an substitute for the circuit breaker
c. It used on either sides of the circuit breaker
d. Both (a) and (c)
e. None of these
ANSWER:A To isolate one portion of the circuit from another
31) Time graded principle is applicable where impedance between-

Feeder length is less
Feeder length is high
Feeder length is same
none
ANSWER :A
32) For which among the following the current ratings are not required?
a. Circuit breakers
b. Relays
c. Isolators
d. Load break switch
ANSWER: C- Isolators
33) The isolators used in the transmission lines are capable of breaking
a. Fault current
b. No current
c. Charging current
d. Load current
ANSWER:C- Charging current

34) Why are the isolators used?
a. Break abnormal current
b. Making under fault conditions
c. Breaking the circuit under no load condition
d. None of the above
ANSWER:C- Breaking the circuit under no load condition
35) What is the major cause of the failure of the circuit breaker?
a. Trip circuit open
b. Trip latch defective
c. Spring defective
d. All of these
ANSWER: D-All of these
36) SF6 gas is-

Is yellow in color
Is lighter than air
is nontoxic
Has pungent small
ANSWER:C
37) What is the purpose of back up protection?

a. To increase the speed
b. To increase the reach
c. To leave no blind spot
d. To guard against failure of primary
38) Rate of rise restriking voltage depends upon-

Active recovery voltage
Natural frequency of oscillations
Both (a) and (b)
Rating of circuit breaker
ANSWER: C
39 ) What is the actuating quantity for the relays?

a. Magnitude
b. Frequency
c. Phase angle
d. All of these
40) Protective relays can be designed to respond to ___________.

d. All of these
41) On what factor does the operating speed of the relay depend?
c. Spring tension
d. All of these
42) Breaking capacity of a circuit

breaker is usually expressed in terms of
Volt
Ampere
MVA
MW
ANSWER:C -MVA
43) In impedance relay, current element torque should be-
Equal to voltage element torque
Greater than voltage element torque
Less than voltage element torque
None of these
ANSWER:B
44) Plug setting of a relay can be changed by changing

Air gap
Back up stop
Number of ampere turns
All of these
ANSWER:C
Instantaneous relay should operate within

0.0001 sec
0.001 sec
0.01 sec
0.1 sec
ANSWER :C
45) In the following figure, which component ensures the safety of the line from damage?
a. Relay
b. Circuit breaker
c. Bus bar
d. Current transformer
ANSWER: A-Relay
46) MHO relay is inherently a

Directional type
non Directional type
Unidirectional type
None of these
ANSWER :A
A three phase circuit breaker is rated 2000 MVA, 33 kV. What will be its making current?
35KA
49KA
65KA
89KA
ANSWER:D 89KA
47) For long tramsmission line,communication is possible two channels by-

PLC
PLCC
WAM
PMU
ANSWER : B
48) Protective relays can be designed to respond to ___________.

d. All of these
ANSWER: D- All of these
49) The bus-bar zone .the purpose of protection includes …….&…..

Bus bar,isolating s/w,C.B
Transfomer,relay,CB
Relay,conductor,Transfomer
All of these
ANSWER : A
50)The measurement of electrical quantity is done by-
Stationary network
Moving N/W
Zig Zag
All of Above
ANSWER : A
51) Z=V/I in case of-

Distance or imdance relay
Diff.relay
Thermal overload
All of these
ANSWER : A
52) On what factor does the operating speed of the relay depend?
c. Spring tension
d. All of these
53) which relay is called computer base relay-

Static relay
Numerical relay
Impedence relay
Diff.relay
ANSWER : B
54) The low pass filter which filter out undesired frequency component is
Alliasing Filter
Aniti-aliasing Filter
PMU
Samplig
ANSWER : B
.
55) Proper sampling phenomenon represent in-
Wsm>/2Wsg
Wsm< 2Wsg
Wsm= 2Wsg
none of these
ANSWER : A
56) Loss of Excitation protectd by which device-
Offset MHO Relay
Admitance relay
Thermal overload
All of these
ANSWER : A
57) For protection of I.M from single phasing called-

DOL Starter
Revese phse sequence
1 phase preventor
None of these
ANSWER : C
58) Which device measure data up to 10 phasor and line frequency

WAM
PLC
PMU
PLCC
ANSWER : C
59) The diff.protection is based in current circlation principle is known as-
Bias Protection
% of diff.protection
overload
Merz prize
ANSWER : D
60) Incipient fault oil level resulting and decomposition oil protected by-
Buchholz relay
Thermal overload
Induction type
All of these
ANSWER : A
61) In the following figure, the tripping circuit is__________.
a. AC
b. DC
c. Either AC or DC
d. None of these
ANSWER: Either AC or DC
62) For 10MVA ,33KV/3.3kv power transformer wit delta star connecton obtain
CT ratio fo diff.protection scheme to circulated current of 400/ 5Ain pilot
wires.determine CT ratio of HT side
13.85
15.85
17.08
20
ANSWER : A
63) Harmonic restraint protected for-

Buchholz relay
Earth fault
icipient fault
Inrush current
ANSWER : D
64) Plug setting of a electromagnetic relay can be altered by varying

a. Number of ampere turns
b. Air gap of magnetic path
c. Adjustable back stop
d. None of these
ANSWER: A - Number of ampere turns
65) For mesured of overheat ,tempreture sensor embeded with whatstones bridge
principle are use-
Thermal Overload realy
RTD
Induction type
Impedance type
ANSWER : B
Which relay use for reverse phase squence indicate-

Electro magnetic attraction
Induction type
MHO
none of these
ANSWER : B
66) The most efficient torque producing actuating structure for the induction type relays is
a. Shaded pole structure
b. Watt hour meter structure
c. Induction cup structure
d. Single induction loop structure
ANSWER:C- Induction cup structure
67) Saturation flux density of transformers about-

1.7 Tesla
2 Tesla
3Tesla
2.5 Tesla
ANSWER : B
68) Type of Rotor wdg.fault are-
Interturn fault & GND Fault
balance &Unbalance condition
Under voltage & over voltage fault
Over load & over current fault
ANSWER : A
69) An alternator is provided with restricted earth fault protection.the alternator is rated
5000KVA,11000 volt,20% of wdg is to be kept unprotected and relay setting 25%.Find
resistance to be added in neutral to GND connection
20.30
19.36
16.5
18
ANSWER : B
70) In an alternator, the armature reaction will be completely magnetizing in case the load
power factor is-
A.Zero lagging
B.Zero leading
C.0.866
D.Unity
ANSWER : B
71)When the speed of an alternator increases
A.The frequency decrease
B.The frequency increases
C.The frequency remains same
D.The frequency change
ANSWER : B
In huge alternators, the moving part is
A.Brushes
B.Poles
C.Armature
D.None of the above
ANSWER : B
74)The frequency of voltage generated in large alternators is
A.50 Hz
B.60 Hz
C.In kilo cycles
D.In mega cycles
ANSWER : A
75)An alternator coupled to which primemover will usually have the highest rotating speed
A.Steam engine
B.Reciprocating diesel engine

C.Francis turbine
D.Steam turbine
ANSWER : D
76) In an alternator the voltage generated per phase is proportional to
A.Number of turns in coil
B.Flux per pole
C.Frequency of waveform
D.All of the above
ANSWER : D
77)A relatively light loads,transformer efficiency is low because........
A.Second output is lowα
B.Transformer losses are highα
C.Fixed loss is high in proportion to the outputα
D.Cu loss is small
ANSWER : C
78) The no-load current drawn by transformer is usually........
A.0.2% to 0.5%
B.2% to 5%
C.12% to 15%
D.20% to 30%
ANSWER : B
80)Star/star transformers work satisfactorily when........
A.Load is unbalanced onlyα
B.Load is balanced onlyα
C.On balanced as well as unbalanced loadsα
D.None of the above
ANSWER : B
81)Harmonics in transformer result in........
A.Increased core losses
A.Increased I2R losses
C.Magnetic interference with communication circuits
D.All of the above
ANSWER : D
82)Which of the following inductor will have the least eddy current losses?
A. Air core
B. Laminated iron core
C. Iron core
D. Powdered iron core
ANSWER : A
83) The direction of rotation of universal motor can be reversed the by reversing the flow of
current through
A.Armature winding
B.Field winding
C.Either armature winding or field winding
D.None of the above
ANSWER : C
84) The leakage current in the transmission lines is referred to as the
A Resistance
B Radiation
C Conductance
D Polarisation
ANSWER : C
85) Find the receiving impedance of a transmission line having a voltage of 24V and a
conduction current of 1.2A is
A 25.2
B 22.8
C 28.8
D 20
ANSWER : D
86) Find the characteristic impedance expression in terms of the inductance and capacitance
parameters.
A Zo = √(LC)
B Zo = LC
C Zo = √(L/C)
D Zo = L/C
ANSWER : A
87) In long transmission lines Resistance and Capacitance parameters of lines are connected
in __________
A Series, shunt
B Series, series
C Shunt, shunt
D Shunt, parallel
ANSWER : D
88) The voltage rating of long transmission line is _________
A 20 KV to 100 KV
B Upto 20 KV
C Above 100 KV
D 60 KV to 80 K
ANSWER : C
89) The characteristic impedance of a transmission line depends upon
A shape of the conductor
B surface treatment of the conductors
C conductivity of the material
D geometrical configuration. of the conductors
ANSWER : D
90) When the power is to be transmitted over a distance of 500 km, the transmission voltage
should be in the range
A 150kV - 220Kv
B 110 kV - 150 kV
C 66 kV - 100 kV
D 33 kV - 66 kV
ANSWER : A
91) Neglecting losses in a transmission system, if the voltage is doubled, for the same power
transmission, the weight of conductor material required will be-
A four times
B double
C half
D one fourth
ANSWER : D
92) By which phenomenon does the energy transmission take place between the walls of the
tube in waveguides?
a. Reflection
b. Refraction
c. Dispersion
d. Absorption
ANSWER : A
93) At what pressure is the SF6 gas filled in the whole installation of GIS substations?
a. 3 kg / cm2
b. 5 kg / cm2
c. 3 kg / m2
d. 5 kg / m2
ANSWER : A
94)Three step time distance characteristic of distance relay can be had by
A.Changing taps on voltage transformer
B. Separate measuring elements for zones 2 and 3
C. Switching resistance in relay restrain circuit at pre-set time interval by means of a timer
element
D. Any of the above

ANSWER : D
95) Distance protection scheme is preferred over graded lime-lag over-current protection in
HV and EHV lines because
A. It is faster in operation
B. It is simple
C. It is cheaper in cost
D. All of the above
ANSWER : A
96) A three-step distance protection the reach of the three zones of the relay at the
beginning of the first line typically extends into
A. 100% of the first line, 50% of the second line and 20% of the third line
B. 80% of the first line, of 50% of the second line and 20% of the third line
C. 80% of the first line, 50% of the second line and 10% of the third line
D. 50% of the first line, 50% of the second line and 20% of the third line
ANSWER : B
97) Which of the following relay is/are overload relays?
A. Thermal
B. Electromagnetic
C. Induction
D. All of the above
ANSWER : D
98) Impedance relay may use
A. Balance beam structure
B. Induction cup structure

C. Shaded pole structure
D. Either A or B
ANSWER : D
99) On transient fault OC and impedance relay-
A. Under reaches
B. Over reaches
C. Reach unaffected
ANSWER : A
100) Threshold characteristics of a plain impedance relay in a complex Z plane is a-
A. Circle passing through origin
B. Circle with the centre at the origin
C. Straight line passing through origin
D. Straight line offset from the origin
ANSWER : B
101)Where severe synchronising swing occur, the relay employed is
A. Impedance relay
B. Mho relay
C. Reactance relay
D. Induction relay
ANSWER : B
102) For the protection of lines against faults involving variable fault resistance, the
preferred relaying scheme is a
A. Plain impedance relay

B. Directional over-current relay
C. Mho relay
D. Reactance relay
ANSWER : D
104) Admittance relay
A. Nondirectional relay
B. Directional relay
C. Differential relay
ANSWER : B
105) The relay used for feeder protection is
A. Under voltage relay

B. Translay relay
C. Thermal relay
D. Buchholz relay
ANSWER : B
106) Which one of the following relay has the capability of anticipating the possible
major fault in a transformer ?
A. Over-current relay
B. Differential relay
C. Buchholz relay
D. Over fluxing relay
ANSWER : C
107) Zero sequence current is used for relaying purpose only in the case of
A. Phase over current really
B.Phase impedance relay
C. Ground over current relay
D. Ground impedance relay
ANSWER : C
108) How many relays are used to detect interphase fault of a three line system?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Six
ANSWER : C
109) For protection of parallel feeders fed from one end, the relays required are-
A. Nondirectional relays at the source end and directional relay at the load end
B. Nondirectional relay at both ends
C. Directional relay at source end and nondirectional relay at load end
D. Directional relay at both ends
ANSWER : A
110) In order that current should flow without causing excessive heating or voltage drop, the
relay contacts should
A. Have low contact resistance
B. Be clean and smooth
C. Be of sufficient size and proper shape
D. Have all above properties
ANSWER : D
SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION Multiple Choice Questions :-
1. The main function of a fuse is to
(a) protect the line
(b) open the circuit
(c) protect the appliance
(d) prevent excessive currents
(e) none of the above
Ans: d
2. On which of the following routine tests are conducted ?
(a) Oil circuit breakers
(b) Air blast circuit breakers
(c) Minimum oil circuit breakers
(d) All of the above
Ans: d
3. SF6 gas
(a) is yellow in colour
(b) is lighter than air
(c) is nontoxic
(d) has pungent small
Ans: c
4. The arcing contacts in a circuit breaker are made of

(a) copper tungsten alloy
(b) porcelain
(c) electrolytic copper
(d) aluminium alloy
Ans: a
5. Which of the following medium is employed for extinction of arc in air circuit breaker ?
(a) Water
(b) Oil
(c) Air
(d) SF6
Ans: c
6. With which of the following, a circuit breaker must be equipped for remote operation ?
(a) Inverse time trip
(b) Time-delay trip
(c) Shunt trip
(d) None of the above
(e) All of the above
Ans: c
7. Fault diverters are basically
(a) fuses
(b) relays
(c) fast switches
(d) circuit breakers
Ans: c
8. A thermal protection switch can protect against
(a) short-circuit
(b) temperature
(c) overload
(d) over voltage
Ans: c
9. Arc in a circuit behaves as
(a) a capackive reactance
(b) an inductive reactance
(c) a resistance increasing with voltage rise across the arc
(d) a resistance decreasing with voltage rise across the arc
Ans: d
10. Thermal circuit breaker has
(a) delayed trip action
(b) instantaneous trip action
(c) both of the above
(d) none of the above
Ans: a
SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION Objective Questions
SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION Mcqs
11. Relays can be designed to respond to changes in
(a) resistance, reactance or impedance
(b) voltage and current
(c) light intensity
(d) temperature
(e) all above
Ans: e
12. Overload relays are of…… type.
(a) induction
(b) solid state
(c) thermal
(d) electromagnetic
(e) all above
Ans: e
13. Thermal overload relays are used to protect the motor against over current due to
(a) short-circuits
(b) heavy loads
(c) grounds
(d) all of the above
Ans: b
14. Magnetic circuit breaker has ______ trip action.
(a) delayed
(b) instantaneous
(c) both of the above
Ans: b
15. D.C. shunt relays are made of
(a) few turns of thin wire
(b) few turns of thick wire
(c) many turns of thin wire
(d) many turns of thick wire
Ans: c
16. The relay operating speed depends upon
(a) the spring tension
(b) the rate of flux built up
(c) armature core air gap
Ans: d
17. In order that current should flow without causing excessive heating or voltage drop, the relay
contacts should
(a) have low contact resistance
(b) be clean and smooth
(c) be of sufficient size and proper shape
(d) have all above properties
Ans: d
18. Circuit breakers usually operate under
(a) transient state of short-circuit current
(b) sub-transient state of short-circuit current
(c) steady state of short-circuit current
(d) after D.C. component has ceased
Ans: a
19. Circuit breakers are essentially
(a) current carrying contacts called electrodes
(b) arc extinguishers
(c) circuits to break the system
(d) transformers to isolate the two systems
(e) any of the above
Ans: a
20. The current zero interruption, in oil and air blast circuit breakers, is achieved by
(a) lengthening of the gap

(b) cooling and blast effect
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) deionizing the oil with forced air
Ans: c
21. Air blast circuit breaker is used for
(a) over currents
(b) short duty
(c) intermittant duty
(d) repeated duty
Ans: d
22. An efficient and a well designed protective relaying should have
(a) good selectivity and reliability
(b) economy and simplicity
(c) high speed and selectivity
Ans: d
23. Burden of a protective relay is the power
(a) required to operate the circuit breaker
(b) absorbed by the circuit of relay
(c) developed by the relay circuit

Ans: b
24. Directional relays are based on flow of
(a) power
(b) current
(c) voltage wave
Ans: a
25. A differential relay measures the vector difference between
(a) two currents
(b) two voltages
(c) two or more similar electrical quantities
Ans: c
26. A transmission line is protected by
(a) inrush protection
(b) distance protection
(c) time graded and current graded over current protection
(d) both (b) and (c)
Ans: d
27. Large internal faults are protected by

(a) merz price percentage differential protection
(b) mho and ohm relays
(c) horn gaps and temperature relays
(d) earth fault and positive sequence relays
Ans: a
28. When a transmission line is energized, the wave that propagates on it is
(a) current wave only
(b) voltage wave only
(d) power factor wave only
Ans: c
29. Protective relays are devices that detect abnormal conditions in electrical circuits by measuring
(a) current during abnormal condition
(b) voltage during abnormal condition
(c) constantly the electrical quantities which differ during normal and abnormal conditions
Ans: c
30. The voltage appearing across the contacts after opening of the circuit breaker is called______voltage.
(a) recovery
(b) surge
(c) operating
(d) arc
Ans: a
31. Ionization in circuit breaker is facilitated by
(a) high temperature
(b) increase of mean free path
(c) increasing field strength
Ans: d
32. In a circuit breaker the basic problem is to
(a) maintain the arc
(b) extinguish the arc
(c) transmit large power
(d) emit the ionizing electrons
Ans: c
33. Overheating of relay contacts or contact born out is due to
(a) slow making and breaking of load circuit contacts
(b) foreign matter on the contact surface
(c) too low contact pressure
Ans: d
34. Interruption of large currents by relay requires

(a) arc suppressing blow out coils
(b) wide separation of the opened contacts
(c) high speed opening of contacts
Ans: d
35. Shunt capacitance is neglected while considering
(a) short transmission line
(b) medium transmission line
(c) long transmission line
(d) medium and long transmission lines
Ans: a
36. The arc voltage produced in A.C. circuit breaker is always
(a) in phase with the arc current
(b) lagging the arc current by 90″
(c) leading the arc current by 90°
Ans: a
37. The time of closing the cycle, in modern circuit breakers is
(a) 0.003 sec
(b) 0.001 sec
(c) 0.01 sec
(d) 0.10 sec

Ans: a
38. Insulation resistance of high voltage circuit breakers is more than
(a) 1 mega ohms
(b) 10 mega ohms
(c) 100 mega ohms
(d) 500 mega ohms
Ans: c
39. H.R.C. fuses provide best protection against
(a) overload
(b) reverse current
(c) open-circuits
(d) short-circuits
Ans: d
40. The ground wire should not be smaller than No ______ copper.
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 10
Ans: d
41. The delay fuses are used for the protection of ________ .
(a) motors
(b) power outlet circuits
(c) fluorescent lamps
(d) light circuits
Ans: a
42. Which of the following is the least expensive protection for overcurrent is low voltage system ?
(a) Rewireable fuse
(b) Isolator
(c) Oil circuit breaker
(d) Air break circuit breaker
(e) None of the above
Ans: a
43. Resistance grounding is used for voltage between
(a) 33kVto66kV
(b) HkVto33kV
(c) 3.3kVandllkV
Ans: c
44. The contacts of high voltage switches used in power system are submerged in oil. The main purpose
of the oil is to
(a) lubricate the contacts
(b) insulate the contacts from switch body
(c) extinguish the arc

Ans: c
45. In Railway applications ______ circuit breaker is used.
(a) SFe
(b) bulk oil
(c) minimum oil
(d) air break
Ans:
46. To protect most of the electrical equipment handling low power, the types of relays used are
(a) thermocouple
(b) electronic and bimetallic
Ans: c
47. Wave trap is used to trap waves of
(a) power frequencies
(b) higher frequencies entering generator or transformer units
(c) either of the above
Ans: b
48. Ungrounded neutral transmission system is not recommended because of system
(a) insulation being overstressed due to over voltages
(b) insulation overstress may lead to failure and subsequent phase to phase faults
(c) being inadequately protected against ground fault
Ans: d
49. The reflection co-efficient at the open circuited end of a transmission line.
(a) zero
(b) infinity
(c) unity
Ans: c
50. For the protection of power station buildings against direct strokes the requirements are
(a) interception
(b) interception and conduction
(c) interception, conduction and dissipation
(d) interception, conduction, dissipation and reflection
Ans: c
51. The line insulation is the insulation level of the station equipment.
(a) less than
(b) same as
(c) more than
(d) proportional to
(e) not directly related with
Ans: e
52. The interaction between a transmission line and communication line is minimized by
(a) transposing transmission as well as communication lines
(b) increasing the height of the trans-mission line tower
(c) increasing the distance between the two lines
Ans: d
53. When a wave propagates on a transmission line, it suffers reflection several times at
(a) tapping
(b) load end
(c) sending end
(d) sending and other end
(e) all of the above
Ans: d
54. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Station batteries are used to operate relay only
(b) The lightning arresters are basically surge diverters
(c) An impedance relay has maximum fault current when fault occurs near the relay
(d) A high speed relay has an operation of 1 to 2 cycles

Ans: a
55. Discrimination between main and back up protection is provided by the use of relays which are
(a) fact
(b) sensitive
(c) slow
Ans: c
56. Induction cup relay is operated due to changes in
(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) impedance
Ans: d
57. A.C. network analyser is used to solve problems of
(a) load flow
(b) load flow and short-circuit
(c) load flow and stability
(d) load flow, short-circuit and stability
Ans: d
58. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

(a) Lightning arrestors are used before the switchgear
(b) Shunt reactors are used as compensation reactors
(c) The peak short current is (1.8 xV2) times the A.C. component
(d) The MVA at fault is equal to base MVA divided by per unit equivalent fault reactance
Ans: a
59. Short-circuit currents are due to
(a) single phase to ground faults
(b) phase to phase faults
(c) two phase to ground faults
(d) three phase faults
(e) any of these
Ans: e
60. To reduce short circuit fault currents are used.
(a) reactors
(b) resistors
(c) capacitors
Ans: a
61. Bus coupler is very essential in arrangement
(a) single bus
(b) double bus, double breaker
(c) main and transfer bus

Ans: c
62. For cost and safety, the outdoor substations are installed for voltages above
(a) 11 kV
(b) 33 kV
(c) 60kV
(d) 110kV
Ans: b
63. The short circuit in any winding of the transformer is the result of
(a) mechanical vibration
(b) insulation failure
(c) loose connection
(d) impulse voltage
Ans: d
64. relays are used for phase faults on long line.
(a) Impedance
(b) Reactance
(c) Either of the above
Ans: a
65. For which of the following protection from negative sequence currents is provided ?
(a) Generators
(b) Motors
(c) Transmission line
(d) Transformers
Ans: a
66. relay is preferred for phase fault on short transmission line.
(a) Induction type
(b) Reactance
(c) Impedance
Ans: b
67. Distance relays are generally
(a) split-phase relays
(b) reactance relays
(c) impedance relays
Ans: d
68. For which of the following ratings of the transformer differential protection is recommended ?
(a) above 30 kVA.
(b) equal to and above 5 MVA
(c) equal to and above 25 MVA

Ans: b
69. A _______ is used to measure the stator % winding temperature of the generator.
(a) thermocouple
(b) pyrometer
(c) resistance thermometer
(d) thermometer
Ans: c
70. The under voltage relay can be used for
(a) generators
(b) busbars
(c) transformers
(d) motors
(e) all of the above
Ans: e
71. The relay with inverse time characteristic will operate within
(a) 1.5 sec
(b) 5 to 10 sec
(c) 5 to 20 sec
(d) 20 to 30 sec
Ans: b
72. The single phasing relays are used for the protection of
(a) single phase motors only
(b) two phase motors only
(c) two single phase motors running in parallel
(d) three phase motors
Ans: d
73. Which of the following devices will receive voltage surge first travelling on the transmission line ?
(a) Lightning arresters
(b) Relays
(c) Step-down transformer
(d) Switchgear
Ans: a
74. Which of the following parameter can be neglected for a short line ?
(a) Inductance
(b) Capacitance
(c) Resistance
(d) Reactance
Ans: b
75. Series reactors should have
(a) low resistance
(b) high resistance
(c) low impedance

(d) high impedance
Ans: a
76. Which of the following circuit breakers has high reliability and minimum maintenance ?
(a) Air blast circuit breakers
(b) Circuit breaker with SF6 gas
(c) Vacuum circuit breakers
(d) Oil circuit breakers
Ans: b
77. Arc in a circuit breaker is interrupted at
(a) zero current
(b) maximum current
(c) minimum voltage
(d) maximum voltage
Ans: a
78. transmission line has reflection coefficient as one.
(a) Open circuit
(b) Short-circuit
(e) Long
Ans: a
79. What will be the reflection co-efficient of the wave of load connected to transmission line if surge
impedance of the line is equal to load ?
(a) Zero
(b) Unity
(c) Infinity
Ans: a
80. The inverse definite mean time relays are used for over current and earth fault protection of
transformer against
(a) heavy loads
(b) internal short-circuits
(c) external short-circuits
Ans: b
81. Over voltage protection is recommended for
(a) hydro-electric generators
(b) steam turbine generators
(c) gas turbine generators
Ans: d
82. Air blast circuit breakers for 400 kV power system are designed to operate in
(a) 100 microsecond
(b) 50 millisecond
(c) 0.5 sec

(d) 0.1 sec
Ans: b
83. Overfluxing protection is recommended for
(a) distribution transformer
(b) generator transformer of the power plant
(c) auto-transformer of the power plant
(d) station transformer of the power plant
Ans: b
84. Series capacitors are used to
(a) compensate for line inductive reactance
(b) compensate for line capacitive reactance
(c) improve line voltage
Ans: a
85. Admittance relay is _______ relay.
(a) impedance
(b) directional
(c) non-directional
Ans: b
86. The material used for fuse must have

(a) low melting point and high specific resistance
(b) low melting point and -low specific resistance
(c) high melting point and low specific resistance
(d) low melting point and any specific resistance
Ans: a
87. If the fault occurs near the impedance relay, the VII ratio will be
(a) constant for all distances
(b) lower than that of if fault occurs away from the relay
(c) higher than that of if fault occurs away from the relay
Ans: b
88. The torque produced in induction type relay (shaded pole structure) is
(a) inversely proportional to the current
(b) inversely proportional to the square of the current
(c) proportional to the current
(d) proportional to square of the current
Ans: b
89. The steady state stability of the power system can be increased by
(a) connecting lines in parallel
(b) connecting lines in series
(e) using machines of high impedance
(d) reducing the excitation of machines

Ans: a
90. The inductive interference between power and communication line can be minimized by
(a) transposition of the power line
(b) transposition of the communication line
(d) increasing the distance between the conductors
Ans: c
91. The power loss is an important factor for the design of
(a) transmission line
(b) motor
(c) generator
(d) feeder
Ans: a
92. A fuse is connected
(a) in series with circuit
(b) in parallel with circuit
(c) either in series or in parallel with circuit
Ans: a
93. H.R.C. fuse, as compared to a rewirable fuse, has

(a) no ageing effect
(b) high speed of operation
(c) high rupturing capacity
Ans: d
94. The fuse rating is expressed in terms of
(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) VAR
(d) kVA
Ans: a
95. The fuse blows off by
(a) burning
(b) arcing
(c) melting
Ans: c
96. On which of the following effects of electric current a fuse operates ?
(a) Photoelectric effect
(b) Electrostatic effect
(c) Heating effect
(d) Magnetic effect

Ans: c
97. An isolator is installed
(a) to operate the relay of circuit breaker
(b) as a substitute for circuit breaker
(c) always independent of the position of circuit breaker
(d) generally on both sides of a circuit breaker
Ans: d
98. A fuse in a motor circuit provides protection against
(a) overload
(b) short-circuit and overload
(c) open circuit, short-circuit and overload
Ans: b
99. Protection by fuses is generally not used beyond
(a) 20 A
(b) 50 A
(c) 100 A
(d) 200 A
Ans: c
100. A fuse is never inserted in
(a) neutral wire

(b) negative of D.C. circuit
(c) positive of D.C. circuit
(d) phase dine
Ans: a
101. Oil switches are employed for
(a) low currents circuits
(b) low voltages circuits
(c) high voltages and large currents circuits
(d) all circuits
Ans: c
102. A switchgear is device used for
(a) interrupting an electrical circuit
(b) switching an electrical circuit 111.
(c) switching and controlling an electrical circuit
(d) switching, controlling and protecting the electrical circuit and equipment
Ans: d
103. The fuse wire, in D.C. circuits, is inserted in
(a) negative circuit only
(b) positive circuit only
(d) either (a) or (b)
Ans: c
104. By which of the following methods major portion of the heat generated in a H.R.C. fuse is
dissipated ?
(a) Radiation
(b) Convection
(c) Conduction
(d) All of the above
Ans: c
105. A short-circuit is identified by
(a) no current flow
(b) heavy current flow
(c) voltage drop
(d) voltage rise
Ans: b
106. The information to the circuit breaker under fault conditions is provided by
(a) relay
(b) rewirable fuse
(c) H.R.C. only
Ans: a
107. To limit short-circuit current in a power system are used.
(a) earth wires
(b) isolators
(c) H.R.C. fuses
(d) reactors
Ans: d
109. A balanced 3-phase system consists of
(a) zero sequence currents only
(b) positive sequence currents only
(c) negative and zero sequence currents
(d) zero, negative and positive sequence currents
Ans: b
110. In a single bus-bar system there will be complete shut down when
(a) fault occurs on the bus itself
(b) fault occurs on neutral line
(c) two or more faults occur simultaneously
(d) fault occurs with respect to earthing
Ans: a

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1.Magnetic circuit breaker has instantaneous Trip action.

2. in a circuit breaker the basic problem is to extinguish the arc.

4.Air Blast Circuit breaker is used for repeated duty.

7. A thermal protection switch can protect against overload.

8. Thermal circuit breaker has delayed trip action .

10. Transmission line has reflection coefficient as one open circuit.

15. Overload relays are of type.

Induction , solid state, thermal, electromagnetic

16. H.R.C. fuse, as compared to a rewirable fuse, has

no ageing effect , high speed of operation , high rupturing capacity

21. Protection by fuses is generally not used beyond 100a.

23. Directional relays are based on flow of Power.

24. Admittance relay is _______ relay. Directional

32.A balanced 3-phase system consists of Positive seq current only.

34. Ungrounded neutral transmission system is not recommended because of system

insulation being overstressed due to over voltages

insulation overstress may lead to failure and subsequent phase to phase

being inadequately protected against ground fault

35. Induction cup relay is operated due to changes in current,voltage, impedence.

37. Shunt capacitance is neglected while considering Short xmision line.

41. Ionization in circuit breaker is facilitated by

high temperature , increase of mean free path, increasing filed strength.

42. Fault diverters are basically fast switches.

43. Relays can be designed to respond to changes in R,X,Z,V,I, kight insity,Temp.

44. On which of the following routine tests are conducted ?

47. The relay operating speed depends upon

lower than that of if fault occurs away from the relay

Sending And Other end

53. A fuse is never inserted in Neutral wire

54. The arc voltage produced in A.C. circuit breaker is always

In phase with the arc current

55. Circuit breakers are essentially

current carrying contacts called electrodes

Time graded and current graded over current protection.

2. Arc interruption is done by

3. Part of circuit breaker helpful in breaking the current is

4. Desired tripping of a circuit breaker is

5. Arcing time is the time between

6. For single frequency transients, ratio of peak restriking voltage to time

7. Time between energisation of trip coil and separation of contacts is called

8. In circuit breaker, to facilitate arc quenching, dielectric strength can be

9. Rate of rise restriking voltage depends upon

10. An ideal circuit breaker should offer

11. Interrupting a low inductive current may lead to

12. Instantaneous voltage in a circuit breaker depends upon

13. Current chopping can be avoided by

16. Which of the following is not a protective gear?

17. Difficulty of performing the circuit breaking operation is a function of

18. When contacts of circuit breaker opens

19. A.C. air break circuit breakers are used for

20. Quantity of oil in bulk oil circuit breakers increases with

21. Air blast circuit breakers are preferred for

22. Rating of circuit breaker depends upon

23. Phenomenon of arc interruption takes place at

24. Symmetrical breaking current is

25. Over voltage may be due to

26. In vacuum breakers, current wave

27. In oil circuit breakers, dielectric strength of oil should be

28. Main disadvantage (s) of oil circuit breaker is that it

29. Breaker should adjust itself to

30. At higher currents, the switchgear exhibit

31. Plain circuit breaker can’t be used for voltage above