2021 Level L Chemistry Exam Related Materials T2 Wk5

1
Chemistry Weekly Exam Material
Week: 5
Exam Timetable:
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday
HW Periodic
Questions in bold are Grid Questions

Questions in italic are Poorly Answered Questions in past exam(s).
Periodic Material: 2021-CL201

Chapter 6
Chapter 7 (7.1-7.4)
HW Material: 2021-CLH26
Sec 7.1 – 7.4
GRID 18-21
Memorize:
Name of cation symbol Name of anion symbol
[hydrogen] ion H+ [fluoride] ion F–
[lithium] ion Li+ [chloride] ion Cl–
[sodium] ion Na+ [bromide] ion Br–
[potassium] ion K+ [iodide] ion I–
[magnesium] ion Mg2+ [hydroxide] ion OH–
[calcium] ion Ca2+ [sulphate] ion SO42–
[barium] ion Ba2+ [nitrate] ion NO3–
[lead (II)] ion Pb2+ [carbonate] ion CO32–
[silver] ion Ag+ [dichromate] ion Cr2O72–
[ammonium] ion NH4+ [chromate] ion CrO42–
Nitride ion N3- Oxide ion O2-
1. Which is true about atoms (more than one choice may be correct)?
a) Atoms have a nucleus around which electrons move.
b) The nucleus is positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged.
c) The size of a typical atom is of the order of 10–10 m.
d) The size of a typical nucleus is of the order of 10–6 m.
e) The mass of the atom is distributed evenly around its volume.
f) The size of a typical nucleus is of the order of 10–14 m.
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2. Which is true about the term “mass number”? It is

a) the mass in amu of a given nucleus and its symbol is A.
b) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
c) the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
d) equal to the number of nucleons in a given nucleus.
e) the total number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus.
3. Which of the elements of the Periodic Table are liquids at room conditions?
4. Isotopes are
a) particles within the nucleus of an atom of an element
b) atoms of the same element having different masses
c) atoms of the different elements having the same mass
d) atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers
5. Which of the following determines the normal chemical properties of an element?

a) the atomic number Z
b) the mass number A
c) the number of electrons around the neutral atoms
6. At STP, list the 10 gaseous elements.
7. What properties do metals have? They
8. The atomic nucleus contains

a) nucleons.
b) protons.
c) electrons.
d) Neutrons.
e) particles that give it a net negative charge.
9. What is common to nuclei of the same element?

a) nucleons
b) protons (atomic number)
c) nuclear charge
d) neutrons
e) mass
10. Which of the following about ion formation is true? (more than one choice may be correct). Atoms
become:
a) positively charged ions by gaining electrons.
b) positively charged ions by losing electrons
c) positively charged ions by losing protons.
d) negatively charged ions by losing electrons.
e) negatively charged ions by losing protons.
f) negatively charged ions by gaining electrons.
11. How do the masses of protons, electrons and neutrons compare?
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12. Which is true about the term “atomic number”? It is

a) the number of atoms in a given sample.
b) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
c) the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
d) equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
e) Avogadro’s number, 6.02×1023.
f) The charge on the nucleus of an atom and its symbol is Z.
13. In isolated atoms, how do electrons move, and where they found with respect to the nucleus?
a) In circular orbits of a definite radius
b) In egg-shaped orbits of a definite radius
c) we have no idea how they move
d) An atom has no sharp boundary, so its electrons could be anywhere.
e) Electrons have a higher probability of being nearer to the nucleus than farther away from it.
14. Which sentence about rows and groups in a periodic table is correct?
a) Elements in one row are called a group.
b) Elements in one row are called a family.
c) Elements in one row are in one period.
d) Elements in one group are in one column.
e) Elements in one column have similar chemical properties.
15. Generally, which is true about the transition metals?

a) They fall between groups 2 and 3 in the periodic table.
b) They form more than one charged ion.
c) They are called transition because they are mostly nonmetals.
d) They form colored compounds
e) They are in Period 2.
16. Element B is placed to the right of element A in the periodic table. We conclude that
a) element B has one more proton in its nucleus than element A
b) element A has one more proton in its nucleus than element B.
c) elements A and B have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons in their nuclei.
17. Generally, metals and nonmetals are found respectively on the left and on the right.
18. Write the balanced equation of dissociation of the following ionic compounds in water.
a) BaI2
b) K3N
c) Ca(NO3)2
19. Magnesium chloride, MgCl2, dissolves in water to form a conducting solution containing Mg2+, and that
of chloride ions, Cl-. If 0.15 mol of MgCl2 is dissolved in water and diluted to 1.5 dm3, what is the number
of moles of magnesium ion and that of chloride ion in solution?
20. 0.400 dm3 of solution which contains 0.100 mol of Na2SO4(aq), was mixed with 1.00 dm3 of solution
which contains 0.100 mol of zinc chloride, ZnCl2. Calculate the concentrations of all ions in the resulting
solution. Assume that volumes of these solutions are additive.
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21. Describe the structure of the solid ionic compound NaBr.
22. Consider the nucleus 35

17𝐶𝑙 :
a) What is its atomic number?
b) What is its mass number?
c) How many nucleons does it contain?
d) How many neutrons does it contain?
e) How many electrons does it contain?
f) How many protons does it contain?
23. Consider the nucleus 35 -

17𝐶𝑙 :
24. Consider the nucleus 27 3+

13Al .
25. Chlorine has two stable isotopes, 35 37

17𝐶𝑙 and 17𝐶𝑙 (assume the mass of each nucleon to be 1.0000 amu).
If the average molar mass of chlorine is 35.5, find the percentage of each isotope in nature.
267. Chlorine in nature consists of 75.4% of chlorine-35 and 24.6% of chlorine-37. Find the average molar
mass of chlorine.
27. The diagrams below show 2 atoms and 2 ions
a) Identify the diagram that represents a mass number of 3.

b) Identify the two diagrams that represent an atom.
c) Identify the diagram that represents a positive ion.
d) Identify the diagram that represents a negative ion.
e) Identify the two diagrams that are isotopes of the same element.
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1. Which is true about atoms (more than one choice may be correct)?
g) Atoms have a nucleus around which electrons move.
h) The nucleus is positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged.
i) The size of a typical atom is of the order of 10–10 m.
j) The size of a typical nucleus is of the order of 10–6 m.
k) The mass of the atom is distributed evenly around its volume.
l) The size of a typical nucleus is of the order of 10–14 m.
2. Which is true about the term “mass number”? It is

f) the mass in amu of a given nucleus and its symbol is A.
g) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
h) the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
i) equal to the number of nucleons in a given nucleus.
j) the total number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus.
3. Which of the elements of the Periodic Table are liquids at room conditions?
Bromine (Br2) and mercury (Hg).
4. Isotopes are
e) particles within the nucleus of an atom of an element
f) atoms of the same element having different masses
g) atoms of the different elements having the same mass
h) atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers
5. Which of the following determines the normal chemical properties of an element?

d) the atomic number Z
e) the mass number A
f) the number of electrons around the neutral atoms
6. At STP, list the 10 gaseous elements.

Helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine
7. What properties do metals have? They

have a lustre
conduct electricity (electrical conductors)
conduct heat (thermal conductors)
are malleable
are ductile
8. The atomic nucleus contains

f) nucleons.
g) protons.
h) electrons.
i) Neutrons.
j) particles that give it a net negative charge.
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9. What is common to nuclei of the same element?

f) nucleons
g) protons (atomic number)
h) nuclear charge
i) neutrons
j) mass
10. Which of the following about ion formation is true? (more than one choice may be correct). Atoms
become:
g) positively charged ions by gaining electrons.
h) positively charged ions by losing electrons
i) positively charged ions by losing protons.
j) negatively charged ions by losing electrons.
k) negatively charged ions by losing protons.
l) negatively charged ions by gaining electrons.
11. How do the masses of protons, electrons and neutrons compare?

The mass of a proton is 1 amu.
The mass of a neutron is 1 amu.
𝟏
The mass of an electron is 𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟎 amu.
12. Which is true about the term “atomic number”? It is

g) the number of atoms in a given sample.
h) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
i) the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element.
j) equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
k) Avogadro’s number, 6.02×1023.
l) The charge on the nucleus of an atom and its symbol is Z.
13. In isolated atoms, how do electrons move, and where they found with respect to the nucleus?
f) In circular orbits of a definite radius
g) In egg-shaped orbits of a definite radius
h) we have no idea how they move
i) An atom has no sharp boundary, so its electrons could be anywhere.
j) Electrons have a higher probability of being nearer to the nucleus than farther away from it.
14. Which sentence about rows and groups in a periodic table is correct?
a) Elements in one row are called a group.
b) Elements in one row are called a family.
c) Elements in one row are in one period.
d) Elements in one group are in one column.
e) Elements in one column have similar chemical properties.
15. Generally, which is true about the transition metals?

a) They fall between groups 2 and 3 in the periodic table.
b) They form more than one charged ion.
c) They are called transition because they are mostly nonmetals.
d) They form colored compounds
e) They are in Period 2.
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16. Element B is placed to the right of element A in the periodic table. We conclude that
a) element B has one more proton in its nucleus than element A
b) element A has one more proton in its nucleus than element B.
c) elements A and B have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons in their nuclei.
17. Generally, metals and nonmetals are found respectively on the left and on the right.
d) BaI2
e) K3N
f) Ca(NO3)2
a) BaI2(s) →Ba2+(aq) + 2I-(aq)

b) K3N(s) →3K+(aq) + N3-(aq)
c) Ca(NO3)2(s) →Ca2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq)
of chloride ions, Cl-. If 0.15 mol of MgCl2 is dissolved in water and diluted to 1.5 dm3, what is the number
of moles of magnesium ion and that of chloride ion in solution?
Write the balanced equation MgCl2 → Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)
Write the most convenient ratio 1 mole 1 mole 2 moles
Write the given 0.15 mole ? ?
Solve 𝑛𝑀𝑔2+ 0.15 mole 𝑛𝐶𝑙− = 0.30 mole
Write the balanced equation. Na2SO4 → 2Na+(aq) + SO42- (aq)
Write the most convenient reacting ratio. 1 mole 2 mol 1mol
Write the given and required to find. 0.100 mol ? ?
Find 𝒏𝑵𝒂+ . 0.200 mole
Find 𝒏𝑺𝑶𝟒 𝟐− . 0.100 mole
Write the balanced equation. ZnCl2 → Zn2+(aq) + 2Cl- (aq)
Find 𝒏𝒁𝒏𝟐+ . 0.100 mole
Find 𝒏𝑪𝒍− . 0.200 mole
Find Vtotal 1.00 + 0.40 = 1.40 dm3
𝟎.𝟐𝟎𝟎
Find [Na+]. = 0.143 M
𝟏.𝟒𝟎
𝟎.𝟏𝟎𝟎
Find [SO42-] = 0.0714M
𝟏.𝟒
𝟎.𝟐𝟎𝟎
Find [Cl-]. = 0.143 M
𝟏.𝟒𝟎
𝟎.𝟏𝟎𝟎
Find [Zn2+] = 0.0714M
𝟏.𝟒

NaBr solid exists as a giant lattice of oppositely charged Na+ and Br- ions, in which each ion is
surrounded by six ions of the opposite charge, bonded to them via ionic bonding.
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17𝐶𝑙 :
g) What is its atomic number?
h) What is its mass number?
i) How many nucleons does it contain?
j) How many neutrons does it contain?
k) How many electrons does it contain?
l) How many protons does it contain?
a) atomic number = 17
b) mass number = 35
c) number of nucleons = mass number = 35
d) Number of neutrons = mass number – atomic number = 35 – 17 = 18 neutrons
e) Number of electrons in an anion = atomic number = 17
f) Number of protons = proton number = atomic number = 17

17𝐶𝑙 :
b) mass number = 35
e) Number of electrons in an anion = atomic number +  charge  = 17 + 1 = 18

13Al .
b) mass number = 27
e) Number of electrons in a cation = atomic number -  charge  = 13 - 3 = 10
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17𝐶𝑙 and 17𝐶𝑙 (assume the mass of each nucleon to be 1.0000 amu).
If the average molar mass of chlorine is 35.5, find the percentage of each isotope in nature.
Assume the % abundance of 35 17𝐶𝑙 is x 
𝟑𝟓𝒙+𝟑𝟕(𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒙)
average molar mass of Cl = = 35.5  x = 75 
𝟏𝟎𝟎
Chlorine is 75% 35 37
17𝐶𝑙 and 25% 17𝐶𝑙
267. Chlorine in nature consists of 75.4% of chlorine-35 and 24.6% of chlorine-37. Find the average molar
mass of chlorine.
75.4(35) + (24.6)(37)
Average molar mass of Cl = = 35.5
100
27. The diagrams below show 2 atoms and 2 ions
f) Identify the diagram that represents a mass number of 3.

g) Identify the two diagrams that represent an atom.
h) Identify the diagram that represents a positive ion.
i) Identify the diagram that represents a negative ion.
j) Identify the two diagrams that are isotopes of the same element.
a) B
b) A and B
c) C
d) D
e) A and B
a. mass number of 3 means that the number of nucleons is 3, ie the total number of protons and
neutrons is 3  diagram B
b. In an atom, the number of protons and electrons must be equal  diagrams A and B
c. In a positive ion, the number of protons must be greater than the number of electrons  diagram C
d. In a negative ion, the number of electrons must be greater than the number of protons  diagram
D
e. Isotopes must have equal number of protons but different number of neutrons  diagrams A and B
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2021-CL201
Chapter 6 The condensed phases of matter
Section 6.1 Pure Substances
Basic Questions
1. a) A liquid is heated at its boiling point. Although energy is used to heat the liquid, its temperature does
not rise. Explain.
b) What is the maximum amount of heat that you lose as 4.5 g of water evaporate from your skin? [Molar
heat of vaporization of water = 42 kJ/mol]
2. Use the graph below to answer the following.
Explain how the PE and KE of particles in a liquid change as we move the system from:
a) A to B
b) B to C
c) C to D
Section 6.2 Solutions
1. State whether the following is a pure substance or a mixture:

 Substance A melted at exactly 110C and boiled at exactly 150C.
 Substance B was dissolved in ethanol and tested using paper chromatography. The chromatogram
showed three colors.
2.
i. AgCl does not dissolve in water, but Na2CO3 does. How would you separate a mixture of the two?
ii. Sugar dissolves in water and alcohol, and salt dissolves in water but not in alcohol. How do you
separate a mixture of salt and sugar?
Basic Questions
1. a) How can you obtain pure water from sea water by freezing? How can you verify that a given liquid is
pure water?
b) List four properties of a solution you would expect to vary as the concentration of the solute varies.
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2. Which of the following statements about seawater is false?

a) Seawater boils at a higher temperature than pure water.
b) Seawater freezes at a lower temperature than pure water.
c) The boiling point rises as the liquid boils away.
d) The melting point falls as the liquid freezes.
e) The density is the same as that of pure water.
3. Consider the following diagrams.
Which of the following diagrams represents:

a) nitrogen gas?
b) an alloy?
c) H2O?
d) a gas as Ne?
e) a gaseous mixture of Ne and Xe?
Section 6.4 Aqueous Solutions

Grid Questions
1. a) If 1.0 mol of a solute is dissolved in enough water to make 2.0 dm3 of solution, what is C, the molar
concentration of this solution?
b) How many moles of sodium chloride, NaCl, are dissolved in 50 cm3 of 4.0 M solution?
c) What volume of water should be used to dissolve 0.20 mol of a salt, knowing that the concentration of
the resulting solution is 0.10 M?
2. ai) Pour 100 cm3 of 4.0 M salt solution into a clean volumetric 500 cm3 flask.
Add enough water to fill the flask up to the etched mark. What is the concentration of the salt solution
in the new flask?
aii) Transfer 20 cm3 of the solution prepared in ai into a flask then add water to the etched mark of the flask
until the concentration of the solution becomes 0.040 M. What is the volume of the flask used?
b) Given 2.0 dm3 of 1.5 M solution. How many moles of solute are in the solution?
3. a) What mass of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, are present in 0.20 dm3 of a 0.50 M NH4Cl solution?
b) What volume of a 0.250 M K2CrO4, solution contains 38.8 g of K2CrO4?
c) 2.00 dm3 of a 1.00 M solution contain 73 g of an acid X. What is the molecular mass of X?
Section 6.6 Electrical properties of condensed phases

Basic Question
1. a) When solutions of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, and calcium chloride, CaCl2, are mixed, a white
precipitate of calcium carbonate, CaCO3(s) is obtained. Write the balanced equations for this reaction
in three different ways.
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b) When solutions of silver nitrate, AgNO3, and potassium chloride, KCl, are mixed; a white precipitate
of silver chloride, AgCl(s), is obtained. Write the balanced equations for this reaction in three different
ways.
Grid Questions
a) BaI2
b) K3N
c) Ca(NO3)2
Section 6.8 Types of solids

Basic Question
1. Name the following: AgI, KOH, PbSO4, BaCr2O7, Li2CO3.
2. Write the formulae of the following:

a) ammonium nitrate.
b) lead chromate.
c) hydrogen fluoride.
d) barium sulfate.
e) calcium carbonate.
3. A solution is made by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.20 M NaBr solution with 150 mL of 0.10 M Na2SO4 solution.
Calculate the concentrations of all the ions present in the final solution.
4. When solutions of calcium chloride, CaCl2, and potassium carbonate, K2CO3, are mixed, the following
reaction occurs:
2K+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → CaCO3(s) + 2K+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)
a) Rewrite the equation showing predominant reacting species only.

b) 0.50 L of 0.400 M CaCl2 is mixed with 1.00 L of 0.200 M K2CO3. CaCO3 has negligible solubility.
Calculate the concentrations of all ions present when precipitation stops.
c) 1.00 L of 0.400 M CaCl2 is mixed with 1.00 L of 0.200 M K2CO3. CaCO3 has a negligible solubility.
Calculate the concentrations of all the ions present after precipitation stops.
Grid Questions
of chloride ions, Cl-. If 0.15 mole of MgCl2 is dissolved in water and diluted to 1.5 dm3, what is the
concentration of magnesium ion and that of chloride ion?
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4. Deduce the empirical formula of the compound made of the following ions:
a) Al3+ and S2-
b) NH4+ and SO42-
c) Fe3+ and CO32-
Top Question
1. a) Atoms are composed of subatomic particles.

Identify the subatomic particles given their properties.
i. Have a relative charge of -1. …………..

1
ii. Have a relative mass of . ………….
1840
iii. Are found in the nucleus with relative charge +1. ……….
iv. Have a relative charge zero ………...
b) The below table provides information about atom(s) and ion(s).

Complete the table.
Mass Atomic Number of Number of Number of neutrons Symbol

number / number / electrons protons
A Z
X 39 18 19
W 9 9 10
2. Matter is classified into elements, compounds and mixtures.

a) Explain the difference between an element and a compound?
b) A student wants to separate water from a mixture of sand and sugar.
Name the processes used to separate water from the mixture in the correct order.
c) Fractional distillation is used to separate two miscible liquids having close boiling points.
A student uses the apparatus below to separate a mixture of two alcohols of boiling points 138°C and
157°C, respectively.
i. Name apparatus X.
ii. R and W are two openings in apparatus X. Which of the two openings is the cold water inlet?
iii. Why it is not recommended to use the above apparatus to separate the two alcohols?
iv. Another student suggests that if he replaces the water bath with a Bunsen burner the above apparatus
would be suitable to separate the two alcohols.
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Do you agree with him? Explain your reasoning.

v. What apparatus can be fitted into the fractionating column to ensure purity of the alcohol extracted?
vi. Which alcohol is collected first in beaker A?
Chapter 7 Structure of the atom and the periodic table

Section 7.1 Structure of the atom
1. Fill in the blanks regarding the composition of matter?

All matter is made up of _____ that have a central _____ with _____ moving around it
The nucleus contains _____ and _____ .
The elements are arranged in a _____ table according to their _____ number, number of _____ . _____ are
transferred among atoms to form ions.
Basic Questions
1. Complete the following table.
Atomic Particles per atom Mass

Number Protons Electrons Neutrons Number
Aluminium, Al 13 27
Beryllium, Be 4 9
Bismuth, Bi 83 209
Barium ion, Ba2+ 56 81
Chloride ion, Cl- 17 36

17𝐶𝑙 and 17𝐶𝑙 (assume the mass of each nucleon to be 1.0000 amu). If
the average molar mass of chlorine is 35.5, find the percentage of each isotope in nature.
3. Chlorine in nature consists of 75.4% of chlorine-35 and 24.6% of chlorine-37.

Find the average molar mass of chlorine.
Grid Questions

17𝐶𝑙 .
e) How many electrons would its neutral atom contain?
f) How many electrons would its neutral atom contain?
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17𝐶𝑙 :

13Al .
4. Given the diagrams below:
a) Identify the diagram that represents a mass number of 3.

b) Identify the two diagrams that represent an atom.
c) Identify the diagram that represents a positive ion.
d) Identify the diagram that represents a negative ion.
e) Identify the two diagrams that are isotopes of the same element.
5. Define isotopes.
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Chapter 6 The condensed phases of matter

Section 6.1 Pure Substances
Basic Questions
1. a) The added heat is used to break the bonds holding the molecules together rather than raising the
temperature.
Note:
1. The process of vaporization is endothermic.
2. The temperature stays constant as long as the liquid remains.
b) Given: m = 4.5 g, H = 42kJ/mol R.T.F: heat released
Method 1
4.5
𝑛𝐻2 𝑂 = 18 = 0.25𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒  Heat lost = (0.25) (42) = 10.5 kJ = 11 kJ
Method 2
H2O heat
18 g 42 kJ
4.5 g ? 10.5 kJ = 11 kJ
2. a) Potential energy stays the same, kinetic energy increases.

b) Potential energy increases, kinetic energy stays the same.
c) Potential energy stays the same, kinetic energy increases.
Section 6.2 Solutions
1.
 Substance A is a pure substance as it has sharp melting and boiling points.
 Substance B is a mixture as it was separated into several colored substances.
2i.
 Add water to the mixture
 Stir to dissolve all the salt (Na2CO3)
 Filter the mixture to separate the insoluble salt (AgCl)
 Evaporate or crystallize the filtrate to separate the soluble salt (Na2CO3)
2ii.
 Add excess ethanol to the mixture and stir
 Filter the mixture to separate the salt, and allow the salt residue to dry
 Gently and safely heat the solution to crystallize (using an electric heater since alcohol is
flammable)
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Basic Questions
1. a) Changes of state are heterogeneous for solutions. This means that when sea water is cooled, the crystals
that form will be pure water. Filtering the resulting mixture provides us with pure water crystals as
residue which can be collected and melted. To verify that the collected liquid is pure water, determine
its boiling or freezing point. If it boils at 100°C and/or freezes at 0°C then it is pure water.
b) Melting point, boiling point, density, vapour pressure
2. e
3.
Explanation
Any diatomic gas as oxygen O2, chlorine Cl2, fluorine F2 or
Nitrogen gas? Diagram C
hydrogen H2
An alloy? Diagram E An alloy is a solid mixture of two or more metals
Molecules of atomicity 3, two identical atoms (H) bonded to
H2O? Diagram D
the same one larger atom (O)
A gas as Ne? Diagram A Any monoatomic gas as He, Ne, Ar, Kr or Xe
A gaseous mixture
Diagram B A mixture of 2 monoatomic gases as He, Ne, Ar, Kr or Xe
of Ne and Xe?
Section 6.4 Aqueous Solutions

Grid Question
1.
a. Given: n = 1.0 mole, V = 2.0 dm3 RTF: C
n 1.0
C= = = 0.50M
V 2.0
b. Given: V = 50 cm3, C = 4.0 M RTF: n
50
n = C V = 4.0 × = 0.20 moles
1000
c. Given: n = 0.20 mole, C = 0.10 M RTF: V

n 𝑛 0.20
C=V ⟹V= = 0.10 = 2.0 dm3
𝐶
2.
ai. Given: V1 = 100cm3, [salt]old = 4.0M, V2 = 500cm3 R.T.F.: [salt]new
[old]Vold (4.0)(100)
[new] = = (500)
= 0.80M
Vtotal
aii) Transfer 20 cm3 of the solution prepared in ai into a flask then add water to the etched mark of the flask
until the concentration of the solution becomes 0.040 M. What is the volume of the flask used?
Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 17

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aii. Given: V1 = 20 cm3, [salt]old = 0.80 M, [salt]new = 0.040 M R.T.F.: V2
[old]Vold (0.80)(20)
V2 = = (0.040)
= 400 cm3
[𝑛𝑒𝑤]
b. Given: V = 2.0 L, C = 1.5 M RTF: n
n = CV = (1.5) (2.0) = 3.0 moles
3.
a. Given: V = 0.20 L, [NH4Cl] = 0.50 M R.T.F.: m
𝑚
n=CV=𝑀  m = CVM = (0.50)(0.20) (53.5) = 5.35g = 5.4 g
b. Given: m = 38.8 g, [K2CrO4] = 0.250 M R.T.F.: V

𝑛 𝑚 𝑚 38.8
𝐶 = =  𝑉= = (0.250)(194) = 0.800 dm3
𝑉 𝑀𝑉 𝐶𝑀
c. Given: m = 73 g, [X] = 1.00 M, V = 20 dm3 R.T.F.: M

𝑛 𝑚 𝑚 73
𝐶 = =  𝑀= = (1.00)(2.00) = 36.5 g
𝑉 𝑀𝑉 𝐶𝑉
Section 6.6 Electrical properties of condensed phases

Basic Question
1.
a) Overall non-ionic reaction: Na2CO3(aq) + CaCl2(aq)  CaCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
Overall ionic reaction:
2Na+(aq)+CO32-(aq) + Ca2+(aq) +2Cl-(aq)  CaCO3(s) +2Na+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)
Net ionic reaction: Ca2+(aq) + CO32-(aq)  CaCO3(s)
b)
Overall non-ionic reaction: AgNO3(aq) + KCl(aq)  AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)
Overall ionic reaction:
Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + K+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s) + K+(aq) + NO3-(aq)
Net ionic reaction: Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s)
Grid Questions
1. a) BaI2(s) Ba2+(aq) + 2I-(aq)

b) K3N(s)  3K+(aq) + N3-(aq)
c) Ca(NO3)2(s)  Ca2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq)
Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 18

19
Section 6.8 Types of solids

Basic Question
1. silver iodide
potassium hydroxide
lead(II) sulfate
barium dichromate
lithium carbonate
2. Write the formulae of the following:

a) NH4NO3
b) PbCrO4
c) HF
d) BaSO4
e) CaCO3
3. Given: VNaBr = 50.0 mL, [NaBr] = 0.20 M, 𝑉𝑁𝑎2 𝑆𝑂4 = 150 mL, [Na2SO4] = 0.10 M
R.T.F.: [Na+], [SO42-], [Br-]
Find 𝑛𝑁𝑎𝐵𝑟 𝑛𝑁𝑎𝐵𝑟 = (0.20)(50.0) = 10 mmoles
Find n𝑁𝑎2 𝑆𝑂4 n𝑁𝑎2 𝑆𝑂4 = (0.10)(150) = 15 mmoles
Find 𝑛𝑁𝑎+ from NaBr 𝑛𝑁𝑎+ = 10 mmoles
Find 𝑛𝐵𝑟 − 𝑛𝐵𝑟 − = 10 mmoles
Find 𝑛𝑁𝑎+ from Na2SO4 𝑛𝑁𝑎+ = 30 mmoles
Find 𝑛𝑆𝑂42− 𝑛𝑆𝑂42− = 15 mole
Find Vtotal Vtotal = 200 mL
+ 𝑛 + 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 10+30
Find [Na ] [Na+] = 𝑁𝑎 = 0.20 M
𝑉 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙200
- - 10
Find [Br ] [Br ] = = 0.050 M
200
15
Find [SO42-] 2-
[SO4 ] = 200 = 0.075 M
4. a) Ca2+(aq) + CO32-(aq)  CaCO3(s)

b. Given: V of CaCl2= 0.500 L, [CaCl2] = 0.400 M, V of K2CO3= 1.00 L, [K2CO3] = 0.200 M
R.T.F.: [Ca2+], [CO32-], [Cl-], mass of ppt
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 𝑛𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 = (0.400)(0.500) = 0.200 mole
Find n𝐾2 𝐶𝑂3 n𝐾2 𝐶𝑂3 = (0.200)(1.00) = 0.200 mole
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑎+2 𝑛𝐶𝑎2+ = 0.200 mole
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑙 − 𝑛𝐶𝑙− = 0.400 mole
Find 𝑛𝐾+ 𝑛𝐾+ = 0.400 mole
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑂32− 𝑛𝐶𝑂32− = 0.200 mole
Find Vtotal Vtotal = 1.50 L
- 0.400
Find [Cl ] [Cl-] = 1.5 = 0.267 M
0.400
Find [K+] [K+] = 1.5 = 0.267 M
Write the reaction taking place Ca2+(aq) + CO32-(aq)  CaCO3(s)
Write n 0.200mole 0.200 mole 0.200 mole
Neither is LR, both get completely consumed
[Ca2+] = [CO32-] = negligible Mass of ppt = (0.200)(100) = 20.0g
Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 19

20
c. Given: V of CaCl2= 1.00 L, [CaCl2]=0.400M R.T.F.: [Ca2+], [CO32-], [Cl-], [K+]

V of K2CO3=1.00 L, [K2CO3]= 0.200M
Find𝑛𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 𝑛𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 = (0.400)(1.00) = 0.400 mole

Find n𝐾2 𝐶𝑂3 n𝐾2 𝐶𝑂3 = (0.200)(1.00) = 0.200 mole
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑎+2 𝑛𝐶𝑎2+ = 0.400 mole
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑙− 𝑛𝐶𝑙− = 0.800 mole
Find 𝑛𝐾+ 𝑛𝐾+ = 0.400 mole
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑂32− 𝑛𝐶𝑂32− = 0.200 mole
Find Vtotal Vtotal = 1.00 L
0.800
Find [Cl-] [Cl-] = 2.0 = 0.400 M
0.400
Find [K+] [K+] = 2.0 = 0.200 M
Find Limiting Reagent:
Write n 0.400mole 0.200 mole
0.400 0.200
Divide by smallest 1 1
Compare and predict LR 0.400 > 0.200
Find n of ER left 𝑛𝐶𝑎2+ = 0.400 – 0.200 = 0.200 mole
0.200
Find C of ER [Ca2+] = 2.00 = 0.100 M, [CO32-] = negligible
Write Given 1 mole 100 g
0.20 mole ?
Solve 𝑚𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 = (0.200)( 100) = 20.0g
Grid Questions
1. Given: n of MgCl2 = 0.15 mol, V = 1.5 L R.T.F.: [Mg2+], [Cl-]
Write the balanced equation MgCl2 → Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)

Write the most convenient ratio 1 mole 1 mole 2 moles
Write the given 0.15 mole ? ?
Solve 𝑛𝑀𝑔2+ = 0.15 mole 𝑛𝐶𝑙− = 0.30 mole
0.15 0.30
[Mg2+] = = 0.10M [Cl-] = = 0.20M
1.5 1.5
2. Give: 𝑉𝑁𝑎2 𝑆𝑂4 = 0.40 L, 𝑛𝑁𝑎2 𝑆𝑂4 = 0.100 mole, 𝑉𝑍𝑛𝐶𝑙2 = 1.00 L, 𝑛𝑍𝑛𝐶𝑙2 = 0.100 mole
RTF: C of all ions
Write the balanced equation. Na2SO4 → 2Na+(aq) + SO42- (aq)

Find 𝑛𝑁𝑎+ . 0.200 mole
Find 𝑛𝑆𝑂4 2− . 0.100 mole
Write the balanced equation. ZnCl2 → Zn2+(aq) + 2Cl- (aq)
Find 𝑛𝑍𝑛2+ . 0.100 mole
Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 20

21
Find 𝑛𝐶𝑙− . 0.200 mole

Find Vtotal 1.00 + 0.40 = 1.40 dm3
0.200
Find [Na+]. = 0.143 M
1.40
0.100
Find [SO42-] = 0.0714M
1.4
0.200
Find [Cl-]. = 0.143 M
1.40
0.100
Find [Zn2+] = 0.0714M
1.4
3. NaBr solid exists as a lattice of oppositely charged Na+ and Br- ions, in which each ion is surrounded by
six ions of the opposite charge, bonded to them via ionic bonding.
4. If the magnitudes of the charges are different, we use the crisscross method or we multiply by suitable
subscripts to balance the charges. If the charges are equal in magnitude, we do not multiply.
a) Al2S3
b) (NH4)2SO4
c) Fe2(CO3)3
Top Question
1. a) i. electrons
ii. electrons
iii. electrons
iv. protons
v. neutrons
b)
Mass Atomic Number Number Number Symbol
number number / of of of
/A Z electrons protons neutrons
X 19 20 39
19 K
Y 19 9 19
F
9
2. a) Element is a pure substance made of one type of atoms

Compound is a pure substance made from two or more elements chemically combined together
b) filtration, simple distillation

c) i. fractionating column
ii. W
iii. Water bath cannot exceed 100°C/ water in the water bath will evaporate at 100°C
iv. No
Alcohol is flammable
v. thermometer
vi. Alcohol of lower boiling point/ Alcohol that boils at 138°C
Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 21

22
Chapter 7 Structure of the atom and the periodic table

Section 7.1 Structure of the atom
1. All matter is made up of atoms that have a central nucleus with electrons moving around it
The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
The elements are arranged in a Periodic table according to their atomic number, number of protons.
Electrons are transferred among atoms to form ions.
Basic Questions
1.
Atomic Particles per atom Mass

Number Protons Electrons Neutrons Number
Aluminium, Al 13 13 13 14 27
Beryllium, Be 4 4 4 5 9
Bismuth, Bi 83 83 83 126 209
Barium ion, Ba2+ 56 56 54 81 137
Chloride ion, Cl- 17 17 18 19 36
2. Given: 35
17𝐶𝑙 and
37
17𝐶𝑙 , average MM = 35.5 R.T.F: % abundance of each isotopes
Assume the % of 35
17𝐶𝑙 is x
x 100−x
Average molar mass of Cl = 100 (35) + 100 (37) = 35.5 x = 75%
Chlorine is 75% 35 37
17𝐶𝑙 and 25% 17𝐶𝑙
3. Given: 37 35
17𝐶𝑙 (24.4%), 17𝐶𝑙 (75.5%) RTF: average molar mass of sample
(75.4)(35)+(24.5)(37)
Average molar mass = = 35.5
100
Grid Questions
1.
f) 17
g) 35
h) number of nucleons = mass number = 35
i) Number of neutrons = mass number – atomic number = 35 – 17 = 18 neutrons
j) Number of electrons in an anion = atomic number = 17
k) Number of protons = proton number = atomic number = 17
2. a) atomic number = 17
b) mass number = 35
e) Number of electrons in an anion = atomic number +  charge  = 17 + 1 = 18
Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 22

23
3.
b) mass number = 27
e) Number of electrons in a cation = atomic number -  charge  = 13 - 3 = 10
4.
a. mass number of 3 means that the number of nucleons is 3, ie the total number of protons and neutrons is 3
 diagram B
b. In an atom, the number of protons and electrons must be equal  diagrams A, B and E
c. In a positive ion, the number of protons must be greater than the number of electrons  diagram C
d. In a negative ion, the number of electrons must be greater than the number of protons  diagram D
e. Isotopes must have equal number of protons but different number of neutrons  diagrams A and B
5. Isotopes are defined as different atoms of same element having the same atomic number but different
mass number.
Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 23

2021 Level L Chemistry Exam Related Materials T2 Wk5

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1

Chemistry Weekly Exam Material

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Questions in bold are Grid Questions

Periodic Material: 2021-CL201

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 1

2. Which is true about the term “mass number”? It is

5. Which of the following determines the normal chemical properties of an element?

6. At STP, list the 10 gaseous elements.

7. What properties do metals have? They

8. The atomic nucleus contains

9. What is common to nuclei of the same element?

11. How do the masses of protons, electrons and neutrons compare?

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 2

12. Which is true about the term “atomic number”? It is

15. Generally, which is true about the transition metals?

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 3

21. Describe the structure of the solid ionic compound NaBr.

22. Consider the nucleus 35

23. Consider the nucleus 35 -

24. Consider the nucleus 27 3+

25. Chlorine has two stable isotopes, 35 37

27. The diagrams below show 2 atoms and 2 ions

a) Identify the diagram that represents a mass number of 3.

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 4

2. Which is true about the term “mass number”? It is

5. Which of the following determines the normal chemical properties of an element?

6. At STP, list the 10 gaseous elements.

7. What properties do metals have? They

8. The atomic nucleus contains

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 5

9. What is common to nuclei of the same element?

11. How do the masses of protons, electrons and neutrons compare?

12. Which is true about the term “atomic number”? It is

15. Generally, which is true about the transition metals?

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 6

a) BaI2(s) →Ba2+(aq) + 2I-(aq)

21. Describe the structure of the solid ionic compound NaBr.

22. Consider the nucleus 35

23. Consider the nucleus 35 -

24. Consider the nucleus 27 3+

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 8

25. Chlorine has two stable isotopes, 35 37

27. The diagrams below show 2 atoms and 2 ions

f) Identify the diagram that represents a mass number of 3.

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 9

2. Use the graph below to answer the following.

Section 6.2 Solutions

1. State whether the following is a pure substance or a mixture:

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 10

2. Which of the following statements about seawater is false?

3. Consider the following diagrams.

Which of the following diagrams represents:

Section 6.4 Aqueous Solutions

Section 6.6 Electrical properties of condensed phases

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 11

Section 6.8 Types of solids

1. Name the following: AgI, KOH, PbSO4, BaCr2O7, Li2CO3.

2. Write the formulae of the following:

2K+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → CaCO3(s) + 2K+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)

a) Rewrite the equation showing predominant reacting species only.

3. Describe the structure of the solid ionic compound NaBr.

Date 27-01-21 | Level L | 12