Universidad Católica de Colombia

Programa de Ingeniería Civil

Geotecnia
Compilado de ábacos de diseño1
Docente: Mario Castañeda, MSc

INDICE

SHEAR STRENGHT OF SOIL ................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Inclination of the plan of failure caused by shear ................................................................................................................................... 2
CONSOLIDATION...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Compression index (Cc) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Swell index (Cs) ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Coefficient of Consolidation ................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Time rate of consolidation ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6
IN SITU TESTING ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Standard Penetration Test - SPT ........................................................................................................................................................... 7
Correlations for N60 in cohesive soils ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Correlations for SPT in granular soil .................................................................................................................................................. 8
Vane Shear Test – VST ....................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Piezocone Penetration Test - CPTu..................................................................................................................................................... 16
Flat Dilatometer Test - DMT ................................................................................................................................................................. 21
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Factors ................................................................................................................................................... 24
General Bearing Capacity Equation ..................................................................................................................................................... 26
Shallow footing - eccentric load (two-way eccentricity) ........................................................................................................................ 29
Shallow footing – Near slope ............................................................................................................................................................... 32
Settlement - earthquake....................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Shallow footings – reinforced soil......................................................................................................................................................... 35
SHALLOW FOOTINGS – BEARING CAPACITY BASED ON SETTLEMENT ......................................................................................... 38
Stresses caused by circular load ......................................................................................................................................................... 38
Stresses caused by strip load .............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Vertical stress caused by a rectangularly loaded area (below the corner) ........................................................................................... 42
Vertical stress caused by a rectangularly loaded area (below the center) ........................................................................................... 46
Average vertical stress caused by a rectangularly loaded area (below the corner) ............................................................................. 46
Vertical strees due to embankment loading ......................................................................................................................................... 47
Influence chart of vertical pressure – Newmark ................................................................................................................................... 48
SETTLEMENTS ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
Elastic settlement ................................................................................................................................................................................. 50
Consolidation settlement ...................................................................................................................................................................... 52
CAPACIDAD PERMISIBLE DE CARGA .................................................................................................................................................. 52
CAPACIDAD DE CARGA EN LOSAS ...................................................................................................................................................... 52
ALLOWABLE SETTLEMENT ................................................................................................................................................................... 53

1 Los ábacos, ecuaciones y tablas que hacen parte de este documento son recopilados de los siguientes libros:
- Lambe, T., Withman . 1997. Mecánica de suelos. Editorial Limusa. ISBN 9789681818944.
- Fundamentos de Ingeniería de Cimentaciones - Braja M. Das (2001). Ed. Thomson. 4ª edición. Estados Unidos. ISBN 970-686-035-5
- Principles of Geotechnical Engineering – Braja M. Das, Khaled Soghan (2018). Cengage Learning. 9th edition. Estados Unidos. ISBN 978-1-305-97093-9
- Schnaid, F. 2009. Insitu testing in geomechanics. 1a edición. Taylor and Francis Group. ISBN 0-203-93133-5
1
SHEAR STRENGHT OF SOIL

Inclination of the plan of failure caused by shear

45 + 𝜑′ 45 + 𝜑′
𝜎′1 = 𝜎 ′ 3 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 ( ) + 𝑐 ′ tan ( )
2 2

2
CONSOLIDATION

Compression index (Cc)

3
Swell index (Cs)

4
Coefficient of Consolidation
Logarithm-of-time method Square-root-of- time method

5
Time rate of consolidation

6
IN SITU TESTING

Standard Penetration Test - SPT

Correlations for N60 in cohesive soils

7
Correlations for SPT in granular soil

8
9
10
11
12
Vane Shear Test – VST

13
14
15
Piezocone Penetration Test - CPTu

16
17
18
19
20
Flat Dilatometer Test - DMT

21
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

Introduction

22
23
Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Factors

24
25
General Bearing Capacity Equation

26
27
28
Shallow footing - eccentric load (two-way eccentricity)

Caso II

29
Caso III

30
Caso IV

31
Shallow footing – Near slope

32
Settlement - earthquake

33
34
Shallow footings – reinforced soil

35
36
37
SHALLOW FOOTINGS – BEARING CAPACITY BASED ON SETTLEMENT

Stresses caused by circular load

38
39
40
Stresses caused by strip load

41
Vertical stress caused by a rectangularly loaded area (below the corner)

42
43
44
45
Vertical stress caused by a rectangularly loaded area (below the center)

Average vertical stress caused by a rectangularly loaded area (below the corner)

46
Vertical strees due to embankment loading

47
Influence chart of vertical pressure – Newmark

48
49
SETTLEMENTS
Elastic settlement

50
51
Consolidation settlement

CAPACIDAD PERMISIBLE DE CARGA CAPACIDAD DE CARGA EN LOSAS

52
ALLOWABLE SETTLEMENT

53
54
55
56