My Laboratory

Report
Friday 24/02/21

Written by:

Student ID:

BEng (Hons) Mechanical engineering

University of Plymouth
 1.1. Steel:

Laod Vs Extension
160.0

140.0

120.0

100.0
Load (kN)

80.0
33A
33B
60.0

40.0

20.0

0.0
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Extension (mm)

• Ultimate (Maximum) Strength for 33A = 135.9 kN

• Ultimate (Maximum) Strength for 33B = 136.5 kN
Stress for 16 mm diameter Bar:
𝑃 135900
• Stress for 33A = = = 676.25 MPa
𝐴 𝜋 × 0.0082
𝑃 136500
• Stress for 33B = = = 679.24 MPa
𝐴 𝜋 × 0.0082
 1.2. Steel:

Laod Vs Extension (Close up)

125.0

120.0

115.0
Load (kN)

33A
110.0 33B

105.0

100.0
10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0
Extension (mm)

• Yield Value for 33A = 113 kN

• Yield Value for 33B = 114 kN

Stress for 16 mm diameter Bar:

𝑃 113000
• Stress for 33A = = = 562.3 MPa
𝐴 𝜋 × 0.0082
𝑃 114000
• Stress for 33B = = = 567.2 MPa
𝐴 𝜋 × 0.0082
 2.1. Timber:

Load Vs Extension
30.0

25.0

20.0

15.0
Load (kN)

33D

10.0 33W

5.0

0.0
-10.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0

-5.0
Extension (mm)

• Ultimate (Maximum) Value of P for 33D = 26.4 kN

• Ultimate (Maximum) Value of P for 33W = 14.6 kN

Bending Stress for Beam:

• For 33D
𝑀 ×𝑦
Ultimate Bending Stress = =
𝐼
M = P/2 x L/2 = 13200 x 0.6 = 7920 Nm

Y = d/2 = 0.06 m

I = bd3/12 = 0.045 x 0.123/12 = 0.00000648 m4

 𝑀 ×𝑦 7920 ×0.06
Ultimate Bending Stress = = = 0.00000648
𝐼
Ultimate Bending Stress = = 73.33 MPa

• For 33W
𝑀 ×𝑦
Ultimate Bending Stress = =
𝐼
M = P/2 x L/2 = 7300 x 0.6 = 4380 Nm

Y = d/2 = 0.06 m

I = bd3/12 = 0.045 x 0.123/12 = 0.00000648 m4

𝑀 ×𝑦 4380 ×0.06
Ultimate Bending Stress = = = 0.00000648
𝐼
Ultimate Bending Stress = = 40.55 MPa

Comparison between steel and timber for the use in buildings, based on
environmental impact, strength and durability.

Environmental Impact:
People who live in wooden houses have a good temperature
regulation as timbers are the lousy conductor of heat. Compared to
temperature-prone steel, you do not have to be worried about the hot
weather outside or the cold winter when using wood. You can always
regulate the house’s temperature with the timer constructed house when
using steel to make your home might be a challenge if you cannot control
the house’s temperature, which might hurt your small kids affected by
extreme weather.
Strength:
The strength of steel is far ahead of timber. Steel can width stand a
lot of forces to make multistory buildings but with timber we are limited
to only one floor. Also, steel has low cost of maintenance, but timber
requires yearly maintenance.
Durability:
The durability of a pre-assembled building made of steel is often
very high against timber. The structure can stand unfavorable weather
conditions such as heavy rains and snowfall, including tornados and
earthquakes. While galvanizing is added to the structure, the building is
prevented from rusting, increasing their lifespan. Another significant
point about the steel structure is its endurance to fire. Unlike the
traditional timber structures, steel buildings are non -combustible,
implying that they are not affected by the fire.