Appendix 1.

PROJECT REPORT FORM

ENGINEERING GRAPHICS & CAD
BMCG 1523

GROUP :
Team Members:
# Student Name Matric No.
1 SHAREEN RAJ A/L DURAIRAJOO B042010036
2 MUHAMMAD DANIAL BIN MAT ROFII B042010048
3 NURY ARYNA BINTI AZELI B042010113
4 MUHAMMAD ADLIE BIN ADNAN B042010093
5 MUHAMMAD ALIF BIN HARIS B042010060
 PROJECT REPORT

TITLE/THEME:
“MODEL CAR TECHNICAL DRAWING”
 ABSTRACT

The objective of this project is to sharpen student’s skill in using AutoCAD

Application. By using this application, students learnt how to use AutoCAD wisely. Thus, the
project may evaluate how far the students could use AutoCAD as one of evaluation
requirements for the subject. Besides, it is to evaluate skills and understanding level of
students towards reverse engineering drawing. Then the development of teamwork among the
group members will increase by time being. The device that we choose is a toy car. The toy
car were selected because it has complete body structure that can be redrawn in the
AutoCAD. We divided the toy car into 14 parts and each of us given 2/3 components to draw.
The first step to redrawn the car’s component is we start by measuring the dimension of the
components. Then we roughly sketch the components using a pencil. Then we use the
AutoCAD to redrawn the sketching that we have made in 3D modelling style. As time being
we complete the drawing smoothly. With help from the lecturer we complete this project at
the perfect time. The conclusion is the main objective for the project has been achieved, that
is to draw a model car by using AutoCAD by means of reverse engineering. The students
dismantle a mechanical part and get their dimensions. After that, students draw the parts in
AutoCAD. Thus, since all the drawing have finished, the project goal has been achieved.
1.0 INTRODUCTION

a) Group Introduction

The group conducting Project Outcome Problem Based Learning consists of 5

students in subject BMCG 1523 : Engineering Graphics and CAD. In the project, each
group is needed to get a minimum 8 components product, dismantle them and draw each and
every part in the product. In our case, our group choose a Model Car.

This group is named as group 3 (as the 3ʳ ͩ group in the grouping order). The group
members are as shown in the figure below :

SHAREEN RAJ A/L DURAIRAJOO MUHAMMAD ADLIE BIN ADNAN

(B042010036) (B042010093)

MUHAMMAD DANIAL BIN MAT

MUHAMMAD ALIF BIN HARIS
ROFII
(B042010060)
(B042010048)

NURY ARYNA BINTI AZELI

(B042010113)

Figure 1: Group Chart

b) Objective

The project is conducted based on several objectives. These objectives determine so

the project does no vary from it and the goal of POPBL achievement. The project objectives
are as stated below:

 To draw components of Model Car in AutoCAD 2018.

All drawings must be drawn in AutoCAD, and in this case version 2018 since its
universality and ease. Other softwares such as SolidWorks may not be used.

 To measure and evaluate a student’s skills in using AutoCAD.

All students learnt how to use AutoCAD. Thus, the project may evaluate how far
the students could use AutoCAD as one of evaluation requirements for the
subject.

 To evaluate skills and understanding level of students towards reverse

engineering drawing.

 To develop teamwork among the group members.

c) Product Information

“The Model Car”

A model vehicle or toy vehicle is a miniature representation of an automobile. Other

miniature motor vehicles, such as trucks, buses, or even ATVs, etc. are often included in this
general category. Because many miniature vehicles were originally aimed at children as
playthings, there is no precise difference between a model car and a toy car, yet the word
'model' implies either assembly required or the accurate rendering of an actual vehicle at
smaller scale. The kit building hobby became popular through the 1950s, while the collecting
of miniatures by adults started to pick up momentum around 1970. The benefits of the Model
Cars are listed below:-

 Entertainment. A toy car is a great way to entertain children and can expand
their imagination during playtime. They can even be fun for a collector or car
enthusiast who may want to set them up around the house or trade them with
others.
 Stress relief. Having a toy can be a good way to relieve stress or calm down a
child. They are mobile and can be taken anywhere, plus many include noises or
sounds for added pleasure.
 Fellowship. Toy cars can help bring people together who enjoy vehicles.
Hobbyists buy and trade them to build their collection, while kids can trade them
with their friends or race them against each other. They can also be used to teach
and develop a child’s motor skills, hand-eye coordination, or problem-solving
skills.
 Figure 2 : The Chosen Model Car
d) Product Tree Diagram

The model car consists of 14 components divided into 3 main sub-assemblies,

namely housing, engine and circuit. These subassemblies are sorted according to the parts
usage and positions. The product diagram is as shown below:

V
MODEL CAR

HOUSING ENGINE CIRCUIT

BODY COVER MAGNET CIRCUIT HOUSING

BEARING CIRCUIT BLOCK

MIDDLE COVER

MIDDLE COVER GEAR LED

ENGINE COVER SWITCH

SCREW

SHAFT

TYRE
 Figure 3 : Product tree diagram

There are 14 related parts in the model car. The parts are as shown below :-
 Body Cover

Middle Cover

Switch

Circuit Housing

LED

Circuit Block

Bottom Cover

Screw

Gear

Shaft

Tyre
v

Magnet Case

Magnet

Bearing

Figure 4 : Model car components

 e) Job Scope

Job Scope among members is distributed evenly. Each group member get 3
components to draw (except those that get the critical parts, minimum 2 parts are
considerable). The task distribution is as stated in the table below:

NAME ASSIGNED PART PART NO

SHAREEN RAJ Bottom Cover 1
Bearing 2
Suis 3

MUHAMMAD DANIAL Gear 4

Circuit Housing 5
NURY ARYNA Screw 6
Tyre 7
Shaft 8
MUHAMMAD ADLIE Body Cover 9
Magnet 10
LED 11
MUHAMMAD ALIF Middle Cover 12
Motor Case 13
Circuit Block 14

Table 1: Job Scope among members

 f) Gantt Chart

The Gantt chart below shows the timeline of the group’s work progression.

No ITEM DESCRIPTION WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 Define Task (i) Decide on type of product,
Task Setting availability and suitability

2 Decomposing (i) Product is decompose into

14 single parts
(ii) Parts distribution

3 Preliminary (i) Initial sketching

(ii) Dimensioning

4 Detail (i) Sketching in transfer into

detail drawing in Autocad.
(ii) Single part isometric,
orthographic and cross
sectional view.

5 Assembly (i) Assembly drawing

(ii) Explode drawing
(iii) Bill of material

6 Report (i) Presentation

(ii) Full report

Table 2: The Gantt chart

2.0 PROCEDURES

2.1 Measurement method

There are 3 main measurement methods as been suggested to get the geometric
parameters of the components. The measurement method is ranked into is corresponding
accuracy, started with Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), Vernier caliper and ruler.
Unfortunately, due to the Covid-19 Pandermic the students are not able to access the
University Lab which is contains the Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), Vernier
Caliper . So, we only use the ruler as a measurement method.

Ruler

Meter ruler could help measuring segments that either CMM or Vernier caliper could
hardly measure. However, since it produces much more errors than vernier caliper most of its
measurement is based on approximations only.

2.2 Initial Sketching

Body Cover

Bottom Cover
 Circuit Block

Middle Cover

LED

Circuit Housing

Gear

Switch
 Shaft

Screw

Motor Case

Tyre

Bearing

Magnet
2.3 Process Of Assemble and Disassemble The Model Car

1) Unscrew the screws that held the body cover together.

2) Then, separate the bottom cover, middle cover and the body cover.
3) From the bottom cover, removes the tyres and shafts. And from middle cover,
Removes engine, circuit board, engine cover.
4) From the circuit board, removes the circuit block, led, and switch.
5) For assemble the model car, reverse the process from step 1-4.

2.4 Step By Step Drawing of Switch

a. Firstly, select command rectangle to produce a 2D rectangle with length 5mm and
width 8mm.
b. Then, using command presspull to make a box with height 5mm.
c. Move the UCS to the upper surface to make another rectangle with 4mm length
and 6mm width in the centered of the upper surface.
d. Then, using presspull command to make a depth 0.5mm.
e. And then make 3mm length and 3mm width rectangle using rectangle command
and presspull it to 4mm height.
f. Using command move pick centered point of the box that recently made and move
it to the main box and using command union to combine them.

3.0 PROJECT DRAWING

The drawings are compiled after this page. It has been sorted into sequence from full
assembly drawing up till the last single component drawing.

3.1 Fully Assembly Drawing

The full assembly drawing consists of 3 views that is isometric view, side view and
sliced view.

3.2 Explode Drawing

Explode drawing of each assemblies is made in Isometric view.

3.3 Single Components Drawing

There are 14 components that have their own drawing. The drawings are made in
orthographic (3ʳ ͩ angle view) since there are isometric view in the drawing as well as side,
front and upper view.
4.0 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION

4.1 Discussion

The modelling approach used in drawing the parts in 2D and 3D modelling. 2D

modelling is used when doing shapes or surfaces. Commands in AutoCAD for 2D modelling
includes line, arc, polygon edit, dimensioning, mesh, copy, trim, region and mirror. There are
more commands not included but it is useful for making the surface of a solid before extruded
into a primitive solid.

3D modelling is used when drawing or editing solids, usually in isometric view. UCS
command is often used to change the axis direction (x,y and z) to ease solid editing or solid
drawing. Commands used in 3D modelling includes solid editing, align, slice, extrude, union,
substract, revolve, solid profile and move. In 3D modelling, a primitive solid is edited (either
union or substracted) into desired shape according to the part geometry. All parts are drawn
in 3D (solid), thus solid modelling is important in this project.

4.2 Measurement Problems and Recommendations

Measurement problems occur when getting the part dimensions. Some parts are
dimensionally hard to measure, especially those that has tapers, filleted of angled shapes due
to the lag of measurement equipments such as vernier caliper, Coordinate Measuring
Machine (CMM). This equipments are only available in the University Lab which is cannot
access due to the Covid-19 Pandermic.The problems occurred while measurement phase are
as stated below:

o Standard parts are having complicated or too small geometries such pic in
screws.

Recommendation: The shape for these components is referred to other similar

parts in books and catalog such as shaft.
o Some plastic made parts are harder to measure and draw.

Recommendation: Divided into 3 parts and measure. Then, Draw the parts.

o Angled and circular solid measurement is time consuming.

Recommendation: Take the shape as a cone and substract according to angle.

4.3 Drawing Problems and Recommendations

There are some parts related to difficulties in drawing. These parts are considered into
critical parts that need extra time in drawing and alignment. The outcome shapes are not
exactly the same as the real part, but estimated to be quite similar in acceptable tolerance.

o The whole bottom cover of the model car quite hard to draw by box shaped.

Recommendation: Divided the bottom cover into 3 parts and draw separately. Union
after 3 parts finished.

o Some shapes are cannot be measured and drawn.

 Recommendation: Estimation to the closest shape done.
5.0 CONCLUSION

The conclusion is the main objective for the project has been achieved, that is to draw
a model car by using AutoCAD by means of reverse engineering. The students dismantle a
mechanical part and get their dimensions. After that, students draw the parts in AutoCAD.
Thus, since all the drawing have finished, the project goal has been achieved.

The model car is used to entertainment, stress relief, fellowship and etc. This is the
main usage of the model car and it also uses to represent a actual car in smaller scale which is
for childrens.

The model car consists of 14 components that are divided into 3 sub assemblies. The
parts are measured by using a ruler. The parts are not totally dismantled, thus measurement is
hard to be accomplished. Several problems occur in the project (either measuring or drawing)
and students overcome most of it. Thus, the project in the same way trains the students to
overcome obstacles and solve them professionally.
5.0 REFERENCE

Jamaluddin Mohd Taib et, al (2006). “Rekabentuk Berbantu Komputer : Asas Permodelan”.
Penerbit UTM, Skudai.

M.Hamad (2019). AutoCAD 2019 3D Modeling. Penebitan Mercury Learning And

Information .

Edwin Prakoso (2009). Simple Guide: 12 steps to Master AutoCAD.

https://www.cad-notes.com/a-simple-guide-12-steps-to-mastering-autocad/

____________(2004). “What is an LED?”.

https://www.ledsmagazine.com/leds-ssl-design/materials/article/16701292/what-is-an-led