Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use

ANNEXURE - 2
L&T CONSTRUCTION WATER EFFLUENT TREATMENT IC

FORM OF APPLICATION FOR (PRAISE)
(To be used up to M2-C Cadre Staff)
Name(s) of the Employee(s) with P. S. No(s).: M. Francis Dhanaraj - PS No 14312
Name & location of the project/department:

REINFORCEMENT OF AD DAKHILIYAH WATER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM - PHASE II
- Sultanate of Oman / Quality
Description of achievement and its justification for PRAISE nomination / recommendation (you may attach
separate sheet):
Implementation of PAUT + TOFD in lieu of Radiography Testing to eliminate Radiation hazard
Improvised defect detection, reduced time cycle, cost effective solution- (Literature enclosed)
Achievements have resulted in:
Customer Satisfaction Cost Reduction
New Procedure Formulation Improved Facility / Working Condition
Process Simplification Productivity Improvement
Improved Safety & Environment Other areas (please specify below)
Name of the Project Head: Signature:

Date:
RECOMMENDATION & APPROVAL OF CLUSTER HEAD

(Please mention appropriate category in the box below)
Approved for A, AA, AAA
Name of the Cluster Head: Signature:

Date:
RECOMMENDATION & APPROVAL OF SEGMENT HEAD
(Please mention appropriate category in the box below)
Approved for A, AA, AAA
Name of the Segment Head: Signature:

Date:
APPROVAL OF EVALUATION COMMITTEE AT HQ

(Please write in the box below)
APPROVED
COMMITTEE CATEGORY NAME SIGNATURE DATE
BU Head
FA&A Head
HR Head
IC Head
Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use

Project Brief:
Project “Reinforcement of Ad Dakhiliyah Water Transmission System phase II” includes 144 KMs
of CS Pipeline of sizes DN 800 to DN 1700 routed from MPS to Mamura, pipeline corridor is near
to residence, commercial and live road.
Detailed Description:
As a part of Quality control Activity, Field Weld joint shall be examined by Non-Destructive
Examination. The Pipeline runs over densely populated stretch. A major disadvantage of
Radiography is that x-rays and γ-rays have harmful effects on the human body. They are very
hazardous. They cannot be detected by the senses and have, therefore, legal mandatory
requirements, which must be followed and strictly adhered to before and during their use. They
must be used inside a protective enclosure or with appropriate barriers and warning signals to
ensure there are no hazards to personnel. Radiation once exposed never dies. To minimize the
effect of radiation exposure to environment we wish to propose complimentary techniques
wherever possible.
Pipeline Layout near Residence and Live Road –

AD Dakhiliyah Water Transmission System Phase-II
Page 1 | 9

Advantages of TOFD / PAUT over to Radiography Testing:
No chemical waste is produced as in radiography. Therefore, no environmental impact.

No radiation and safety Hazards due to radiation and thus eliminate to radiation protection
measures.
PAUT / TOFD can be performed any time without interrupting the other fabrication
activities nearby, which will provide an improvement of schedule.
PAUT / TOFD can provide through-wall depth information with accurate sizing of defect
and orientation.
PAUT/TOFD software can characterize and size the defects in three-dimensions if needed
(Length x depth x height). Various views such as B-scan (Cross sectional view), C-Scan
(Top view) and D/S - Scan (end view) are available in the PAUT software which enables
review of the data more accurately.
PAUT/TOFD has higher reliability / POD (Probability of detection) of defect in
comparison to radiography and Real-time analysis for instant evaluation / results.
Computerized recordable (permanent) records shall be available for interpretation of
results.
UT, AUT(PAUT or TOFD) How they work:
PAUT
TOFD
UT
Page 2 | 9

Evaluation Results:
Page 3 | 9

Equipment, Probes and Scanner Details (PAUT + TOFD)
Equipment Probes and Scanner
Equipment, (Radiography Testing)

Vehicle licensed to handle Technician exposed to Radiation hazard
Radio active material
Test results reliability of TOFD / PAUT over to RT:

 X-ray got probability of detection for discontinuities is in the region of 90 to 95%.
 X-ray produces a density image that will show you the length and position of an indication.
 Phased Array however is a view-able ultrasonic inspection that has different possible views
on screen in real time.
 Sectoral scans, C Scans, B Scans, Conventional A scans can all be viewed and manipulated
for best interpretation.
 This gives you an image from the top and also the side. This reveals the length, height, and
depth of a flaw.
 Phased Array UT has a detection probability of 95 – 97%. Couple this will conventional
UT probes and Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD).
Page 4 | 9

Time Motion Study: RT Vs PAUT+TOFD
Water
DIVISION TIME STUDY SHEET (Radiogrpahy Testing) DATE: 12.01.2021
PART DESCRIPTION : Pipe Size 68” – ( 72 Mtr) Stretch M/C. NAME : Radiography + UT
OPERATION DESCRIPTION : Pipe Size 68” – Time Cycle for 6 Joints
STUDY BY: Mr. Bhavesh Kumar Padsala STUDY ON : Theoretical Basis
START TIME : 1/7/2021 7:00 END TIME : 1/9/2021 11:45 TOTAL STUDY TIME 3165.00 Min.
NORMAL
SL. TOTAL
PROCESS ACTIVITIES START TIME END TIME TIME REMARKS
NO. TIME (Min.)
(Min.)
Fit up 1/7/2021 7:00 1/7/2021 7:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 7:30 1/7/2021 10:30 180.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 10:30 1/7/2021 11:15 45.00 45.00

Jt1
NDE 1/7/2021 11:15 1/8/2021 14:00 1605.00 45.00
External Coating 1/8/2021 14:00 1/8/2021 14:45 45.00 45.00
Internal Coating 1/8/2021 14:45 1/9/2021 7:45 1020.00 645.00
Fit up 1/7/2021 8:30 1/7/2021 9:00 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 9:00 1/7/2021 12:15 195.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 12:15 1/7/2021 12:45 30.00 45.00

Jt2
NDE 1/7/2021 12:45 1/8/2021 14:00 1515.00 45.00
Fit up 1/7/2021 9:00 1/7/2021 9:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 9:30 1/7/2021 12:30 180.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 12:30 1/7/2021 15:00 150.00 45.00

Jt3
NDE 1/7/2021 15:00 1/8/2021 14:00 1380.00 45.00
Fit up 1/7/2021 10:30 1/7/2021 11:00 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 11:00 1/7/2021 15:30 270.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 15:30 1/7/2021 16:00 30.00 45.00

Jt4
NDE 1/7/2021 16:00 1/8/2021 14:00 1320.00 45.00
Fit up 1/7/2021 12:00 1/7/2021 12:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 12:30 1/7/2021 16:30 240.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 16:30 1/7/2021 17:00 30.00 45.00

Jt5
NDE 1/7/2021 17:00 1/8/2021 14:00 1260.00 45.00
Fit up 1/7/2021 14:00 1/7/2021 14:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 14:30 1/7/2021 17:30 180.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 17:30 1/7/2021 18:00 30.00 45.00

Jt6
NDE 1/7/2021 18:00 1/8/2021 14:00 1200.00 45.00
TOTAL READING TIME (MIN.) 15175.00
TOTAL NORMAL TIME 5940.00
% ALLOWANCES (@6% ) - For Lunch Break and availability of Inspectors 356.40
TOTAL CYCLE TIME (MIN.) 6296.40 241%
Page 5 | 9

Water
DIVISION TIME STUDY SHEET (PAUT+TOFD) DATE: 12.01.2021
PART DESCRIPTION : Pipe Size 68” – ( 72 Mtr) Stretch M/C. NAME : TOFD + PAUT
OPERATION DESCRIPTION : Pipe Size 68” – Time Cycle for 6 Joints
STUDY BY: Mr. Bhavesh Kumar Padsala STUDY ON : Theoretical Basis
START TIME : 1/7/2021 7:00 1/8/2021 12:45 TOTAL STUDY TIME 1785.00 Min.
NORMAL
SL. TOTAL
PROCESS ACTIVITIES START TIME END TIME TIME REMARKS
NO. TIME (Min.)
(Min.)
Jt1 Fit up 1/7/2021 7:00 1/7/2021 7:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 7:30 1/7/2021 10:30 180.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 10:30 1/7/2021 11:15 45.00 45.00
NDE 1/7/2021 11:15 1/7/2021 12:00 45.00 45.00
Jt2 Fit up 1/7/2021 8:30 1/7/2021 9:00 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 9:00 1/7/2021 12:15 195.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 12:15 1/7/2021 12:45 30.00 45.00
NDE 1/7/2021 12:45 1/7/2021 13:30 45.00 45.00
Jt3 Fit up 1/7/2021 9:00 1/7/2021 9:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 9:30 1/7/2021 12:30 180.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 12:30 1/7/2021 15:00 150.00 45.00
NDE 1/7/2021 15:00 1/7/2021 15:45 45.00 45.00
Jt4 Fit up 1/7/2021 10:30 1/7/2021 11:00 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 11:00 1/7/2021 15:30 270.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 15:30 1/7/2021 16:00 30.00 45.00
NDE 1/7/2021 16:00 1/7/2021 16:45 45.00 45.00
Jt5 Fit up 1/7/2021 12:00 1/7/2021 12:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 12:30 1/7/2021 16:30 240.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 16:30 1/7/2021 17:00 30.00 45.00
NDE 1/7/2021 17:00 1/7/2021 17:45 45.00 45.00
Jt6 Fit up 1/7/2021 14:00 1/7/2021 14:30 30.00 30.00
Welding 1/7/2021 14:30 1/7/2021 17:30 180.00 180.00
Weld Visual 1/7/2021 17:30 1/7/2021 18:00 30.00 45.00
NDE 1/7/2021 18:00 1/7/2021 18:45 45.00 45.00
TOTAL READING TIME (MIN.) 7455.00

Page 6 | 9
TOTAL NORMAL TIME 5940.00
% ALLOWANCES (@6% ) - For Lunch Break and availability of Inspectors 356.40

TOTAL CYCLE TIME (MIN.) 6296.40 118%
Pipe Size 68” – Time Cycle for 6 Joints ( 72 Mtr)
16000.00
Stretch
Total Activity run time in hours
14000.00
RT
12000.00
TOFD
10000.00 Normal Cycle time

Cycle time
8000.00
6000.00
4000.00
2000.00
0.00
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35
Activity for Days' Welding production
Note: Above time study is for 1 day production at one location with 1 Crew for 68” Pipeline
Page 7 | 9

S.no. Description Comparison
Radiographic Test Phased Array / TOFD

(RT) Ultrasonic Testing
1 Scan Time and RT exposure time, set up time,

developing and drying – Available
Available for interpretation on the same
day and it is also an effective Quality
Exposure Time for interpretation the next day. control / assurance tool.
2 Interpretation Film review and shelf life is normally 5 Use computer-based software to
years interpret the data and the data can be
stored electronically for any number of
years.
3 Safety Need Special Permit No required special permit

Ultrasonic examination has nothing to
Large areas must be roped /
worry about
cordoned off to prevent accidental
radiation.
access during exposures
4 POD and POD (probability of defects) are much higher in PAUT / ToFD, while compared
with RT.
Defect depth RT cannot determine flaw depth whereas PAUT could. This is important for
heavy wall welds where excavation from the wrong side could add extra time.
In addition, Manual UT will be required to determine the depth of the flaws where
only RT is performed.
REPRESENTATION OF PAUT AND RT POD:
(The Defects not visible in Radiography testing is traceable in TOFD + PAUT)
Page 8 | 9

Page 9 | 9

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ANNEXURE - 2

L&T CONSTRUCTION WATER EFFLUENT TREATMENT IC

Name(s) of the Employee(s) with P. S. No(s).: M. Francis Dhanaraj - PS No 14312

Name & location of the project/department:

Customer Satisfaction Cost Reduction

New Procedure Formulation Improved Facility / Working Condition

Process Simplification Productivity Improvement

Improved Safety & Environment Other areas (please specify below)

Name of the Project Head: Signature:

RECOMMENDATION & APPROVAL OF CLUSTER HEAD

Approved for A, AA, AAA

Name of the Cluster Head: Signature:

Approved for A, AA, AAA

Name of the Segment Head: Signature:

APPROVAL OF EVALUATION COMMITTEE AT HQ