Chronology April 16, 1984-July 15, 1984

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Source: Middle East Journal, Vol. 38, No. 4 (Autumn, 1984), pp. 713-731
Published by: Middle East Institute
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April 16, 1984-July 15, 1984
ABBREVIATIONS:
CSM, ChristianScience Monitor
FBIS, Foreign BroadcastInformationService
Daily Report-Middle East & North Africa and
South Asia
JP, TheJerusalemPost
LM, Le Monde
MEED, MiddleEast EconomicDigest
MEES, MiddleEast Economic Survey
NYT, The New YorkTimes
WP, The WashingtonPost
WSJ, The WallStreet Journal
Arab-Israeli Conflict
(See also, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait,
Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, United
Arab Emirates)
1984
April 19: The UN Security Council renewed the
mandateof the UNIFIL peace force in southern
Lebanon. [4/20 WP]
April22: The Israeliarmylaunchedan inquiryinto
the April 12 hijackingof a bus by 4 Palestinian
guerrillas.[4/23 WSJ]
Aptil 26: Israelrejecteda proposedUN-sponsored
Middle East peace conference that would allow
PLO participation.[5/1 WSJ]
April 27: Israeli Defense Minister Moshe Arens
appointeda special commission of inquiryto de-
terminewhether 2 of 4 Palestinianhijackersof a
bus were killedafterbeingcapturedalive by secur-
ity forces. [4/28 WP]
April 28: Israeli police announcedthe arrest of a
numberof Jews suspectedof belongingto a terror-
ist organizationthat plantedbombs on as many as
6 Arab buses in the West Bank. [4/29 WP]
May2: Syria confirmedit had captured3 members
of Israel's liaison office in northernLebanon and
accused them of trying to infiltratebehind Syrian
lines. [5/3 WP]
May 3: A gunman in Nicosia shot and killed a
Palestinianjournalist. [5/4 WP]
THE MIDDLEEAST JOURNAL, VOLUME38, NO 4, AUTUMN 1984.
May4: A Palestinianwho headedan Israeli-backed
militiawas shot to death in 'Ayn al-H.ulwrefugee
camp near Sidon, Lebanon. [5/6 JP]
May 5: PLO leader Yasir 'Arafatarrivedin China
for 3 days of talks. [5/5 NYT]
May 7: The official New China News Agency
quoted Premier Zhao Ziyang as saying China
wouldprovidethe PLOwith political,materialand
moralassistance. [5/8 WP]
May 11: An Israeli soldier was killed by a hand
grenade in the southern Lebanese town of
Nabatiya. [5/12WP]
May 13: Rabbi Moshe Levinger, a leading figure
amongIsraeliWest Bank settlers, was arrestedon
suspicionof involvementin an anti-Arabterrorist
organization.[5/18MEED]
May15:IsraeliPrimeMinisterYitzhakShamirsaid
Israeli participationin a conference of Moroccan
Jews was an encouragingsign of growing Arab
acceptanceof Israel. [5/16NYT]
May 16: Israeli troops stormedthe 'Ayn al-Hulw
refugee camp near Sidon, destroyed houses, and
arrested 150 people, accordingto camp residents.
Hospital sources said at least 20 people were
wounded. [5/17NYT]
May 17: Two women were killedduringclashes at
'Ayn al-Hulw refugee camp. UNRWA officials
blamedthe 'shootingson Israeli-supportedmilitia-
men. [5/18 WP]
May 20: Israeliwarplanesbombedsuspected Shi'i
guerrilla bases in the Lebanese Biqa' valley.
In Sidon, I Lebanese civilian was killed and 2
713
woundedin an exchangefollowinga handgrenade
attack on an Israeli army patrol. One Israeli was
wounded. [5/21 WP]
May 21: An Israeli militarytribunalsentenced 4
West BankArabsto life imprisonmentand3 others
to prison terms for the July 7 murderof an Israeli
settler in Hebron. [5/22 NYT]
Egypt protested to Israel over "inhumanand
illegal practices" in occupied Arab territoriesand
southernLebanon. [5/22JP]
May 23: Twenty-five Israeli Jews were charged
with belongingto a terroristorganizationthat con-
ducted or planned at least 6 violent attacks on
Arabs on the West Bank in the previous4 years.
[5/24NYT]
May 24: Israeli warplanesattacked a Palestinian
guerrilla base in eastern Lebanon. Two people
were reportedkilled and 5 wounded. [5/25WP]
Two Israeliarmyofficerswere chargedin a 1980
assassinationattemptagainst3 Palestinianmayors
on the West Bank. [5/25NYT]
May 27: Three Israeli soldiers were killed and 2
wounded in an ambush in the southern Biqa'
valley. [5/28 NYT]
May 28: The Israeli Defense Ministryannounced
that 2 Palestinianswho hijackeda bus on April 12
were beatento deathby Israelisecurityforces after
their capture. [5/28WP]
May29: A Palestinianmanwas foundshot to death
in Limasol, Cyprus. [5/30WP]
June 1: An Israelimilitaryspokesmanrevealedthat
the maximumpenaltyfor throwingstones at mov-
ing vehicles in occupiedterritorieshad been raised
to 20 years. [6/1 FBIS]
A seniorIsraeliarmygeneralwas reprimanded in
the deaths of 2 Palestinianhijackersof a bus. [6/2
WP]
June 3: Lebanese Prime MinisterRashid Karami
affirmedin a statementbroadcastby Beirut radio
that he had asked Israel to close its liaison office
near Beirut. [6/4 FBIS]
June 4: In a communiqudissued after its 5-day
meeting in Tunis the Fath CentralCommitteeap-
provedthe directiontakenby Palestinianreconcili-
ationtalksandsaid a Fathdelegationwouldbe sent
to South Yemen for a furtherroundof talks. [6/5
FBIS]
Thousandsof Muslimsclosed businessesin West
Beirutand southernLebanonto protestthe Israeli
occupation of southern Lebanon on the second
anniversaryof the Israeliinvasion. [6/5 WSJ]
June 5: An Israelidiplomatsufferedminorinjuries
after being firedupon in a Cairo suburb.[6/6 WP]
UN Secretary GeneralJavier Pdrez de Cuellar
arrived in Cairo at the start of a tour of Egypt,
Lebanon, Syria, Jordanand Israel. [6/6 FBIS]
Four Palestinianguerrillaswere capturedin the
Golan Heights after infiltratingfrom Jordan. [6/6
WP]
June 7: A defendantin the trial of membersof a
Jewish terroristorganizationwas sentenced to 18
714
months in prison for possessing explosives. [6/8
WPI
Two previouslyunknownorganizations,a Pales-
tiniangroupcalledAl-'Iqabandan Egyptiangroup
called the EgyptianRevolutionclaimed responsi-
bilityfor the June5 attackon an Israelidiplomatin
Cairo. [6/7 FBIS]
June 9: Delegationsrepresentingthe Democratic
Front for the Liberationof Palestine(DFLP), the
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
(PFLP),the PalestinianCommunistParty,the Pal-
estine LiberationFront and Fath began a PLO
dialoguesession in Aden. [6/11FBIS]
PrimeMinisterShamirsaid he would proposea
UN bufferforce in the Biqa' valley. [6/10NYT]
June 10: UN SecretaryGeneralPerez de Cudllar
rejected Israel's proposal to deploy UN troops
between Israeli and Syrian forces in the Biqa'
valley. [6/11NYT]
June 12: Lebanese north of Tyre demonstrated
against Israeli troops after a local inhabitantwas
killedby an Israelisoldier. [6/13FBIS]
June 13: Defense MinisterArens told visiting UN
SecretaryGeneralPerez de Cudllarthat the UN
peacekeepingforce would have to start working
with Israeli-backedGeneralAntoineLahad'smili-
tia forces in southernLebanonif they were to be
useful in the region. [6/14NYT]
Two shells fell withina mile of the Israeliborder
settlementof MisgavAm. [6/15NYT]
June 14: A US State Departmentspokesmansaid
the US would withdrawfrom the UniversalPostal
Union if Israel was expelled from the organiza-
tion's congress. [6/15NYT]
Israeliand Syrianforces exchangedtank fire in
easternLebanon.[6/15JP]
June 16: Muslim and Christianradio stations in
Lebanon reportedthat Israeli and Syrian forces
had clashed brieflyin the Biqa' valley. Christian
radio said Syria's troops were on alert and both
sides had moved reinforcementsinto the valley.
[6/17WP]
A car carryingexplosives blew up near 3 Israeli
armoredpersonnelcarriersnear Sidon. The car's
driver was killed and 5 Israelis were slightly in-
jured. [6/17NYT]
June 20: The leaderof the pro-Israeli"free Chris-
tiangrouping"in southernLebanonannouncedthe
formationof its PoliticalParliament.[6/21FBIS]
June 21: An Israeli court sentenced an Israeli
reserve army officer to 10 years in prison for
involvement in a Jewish terrorist organization.
[6/22WP]
June 22: Reconciliationtalks between Fath and 4
otherPLOfactionsresumedin Aden. [6/22MEED]
June24: A Palestinianjournalistwas placed under
town arrest in Ramallahfor 6 months as he was
aboutto leave on a US government-sponsored tour
of the US. [6/25WP]
June 26: Israeli troops closed the ports of Sidon
and Tyre to all shipping.[6/27JP]
June 27: Twenty suspected membersof a Jewish
terroristorganizationpleaded innocent to murder
and other charges. Their trial was then recessed
until September16. [6/28WP]
Israeli warplanesattackeda suspectedPalestin-
ian guerrillabase on Nakhl Islandoff the northern
coast of Lebanon. [6/28 WP]
Israel said 1 Israeli soldier was killed in an
ambushnear Tyre. [6/29WP]
June 28: Israel said a "terroristboat" had been
destroyedand 3 Israelisinjuredin a navalengage-
ment near Nakhl Island. [6/29NYT]
Israelfreed 291 Syrianmilitaryprisonersand 20
civilian prisonersin exchangefor 6 Israelis in the
firstexchangebetween the 2 countriesin 10 years.
The remainsof 5 Israelisand 72 Syrianswere also
exchanged. [6/29WP]
The Wall Street Journal reportedthat the US
State Departmenthad disclosed an FAA warning
about an Arab terrorist group operating out of
Greece that may have been plotting to blow up
airlineswith suitcase bombs. [6/28WSJ]
Five PLO factions issued a joint statementde-
claringtheir reconciliationtalks in Aden "a com-
plete success" and "a historic step" towardPLO
unity. [6/29CSM]
The Democratic Front for the Liberation of
Palestinesaid an Israeliattackon NakhlIslandhad
killed an Israeli soldier being held prisonerthere.
[6/29WP]
June 29: The Israeli Navy intercepteda ferryboat
operatingbetween Cyprus and Lebanon and di-
verted it to Haifa. [6/30 WP]
June 30: A Lebanese ferryboatreturnedto Leba-
non afterbeing releasedby Israel. LebanesePresi-
dent Aminal-Jumayyilcalled the diversionan "act
of piracy." [7/1 NYT]
July 1: The ports of Sidon andTyre were reopened
by Israel. [7/14WP]
Israel said it was holding 9 passengersfrom a
Lebaneseferryboatsuspectedof anti-Israeliactivi-
ties. [7/2 WP]
July 2: ChristianVoice of Lebanonradioreported
Israeliwarplanesbombedsuspectedguerrillabases
in the Biqa' valley. [7/14WP]
July 3: Five Arab youths were wounded when
Israeliborderpolice opened fire duringan incident
at a roadblocknear Bethlehem. [7/4JP]
Five of 9 ferryboat passengers being held by
Israel were released. [7/4 WP]
July6: The JerusalemPost reportedthatofficersof
the Israeli-backedSouthern Lebanese Army had
temporarilystopped inductingChristiansin an ef-
fort to increase the ratio of Shi'i Muslimsin the
militia. [7/6 JP]
July 10: Pdrez de Cudllarmet with PLO leader
'Arafat in Geneva to discuss a proposed peace
conferenceon the MiddleEast. [7/12JP]
July 11: Egypt endorseda call for an international
peace conference on the Middle East following a
brief visit to Egypt by French PresidentFrangois
Mitterrand.[7/12WP]
July 13:Fath,the DFLP, the PFLP, the Palestinian
Communist Party and the Palestine Liberation
Front signeda unity accordin Algierscallingfor a
more collective leadershipof the PLO organiza-
tion. [7/15JP]
General
1984
April21: The JerusalemCommitteeof the Islamic
Conference Organizationcalled on all Muslim
countriesto breakdiplomaticrelationswith Costa
Rica and El Salvadorfor moving their embassies
fromTel Aviv to Jerusalem.[4/22JP]
May 16: The US House of RepresentativesArmed
Forces Committee refused to approve a $62m
allocationfor PersianGulfregionmilitaryinstalla-
tions to be usedby the US CentralCommand.[5/25
MEED]
May 18: Donald Rumsfeldresigned as US Presi-
dent RonaldReagan's special Mideastenvoy. He
was not replaced.[5/19WP]
May 27: The sixth congressof the Organizationof
Solidarityof Afro-AsiaticPeoples opened in Al-
giers. [6/2 LM]
PetroleumAffairs
(See also, RegionalAffairs)
1984
July 9: The Organizationof PetroleumExporting
Countries(OPEC)MarketMonitoringCommittee
urged that OPEC prevent a drop in oil prices by
curbingproduction.[7/10WP]
July 11: OPEC oil ministers meeting in Vienna
vowed to keep prices and basic productionquotas
unchanged,but SaudiArabiasaid it would tempo-
rarilycut its outputto give more sales to Nigeria.
[7/12JP]
RegionalAffairs
1984
April 18: Iraqclaimedits warshipsand planes had
destroyed 2 "large naval targets" near Iran's
KhargIslandoil terminal.[4/19WP]
April 22: The Polisarioclaimed to have killed 63
Moroccan soldiers in the Western Saharain the
firstreportedclash since January.[4/23WP]
715
 The Polisariosaid Morocco had concentrateda May 12:IranandIraqreportedheavy exchangesof
force of 30,000 men in the region of Zag. [4/23 fire on the southernfront. [5/13WP]
FBIS] May13:A missilefroman unidentifiedwarplanehit
April 25: Fightingthe day before between Moroc- and slightly damagedthe Kuwaiti oil tanker Um
can troops and Polisarioforces in the Zag region Kasabah outside the war zone in the Gulf. [5/14
resulted in 50 Moroccans killed or wounded, ac- WP]
cordingto the Polisario.Rabatdenied any battles May 14:The Kuwaitioil tankerBahrawas hit by a
took place but a Moroccan official said the missile outside the war zone. [5/15WP]
Saharanswere harassingMoroccantroopsbuilding The Iraqi Minister of Defense confirmedthat
a wall to defend Zag. [4/27LM] Iraqi jets had attacked 2 small oil tankers, the
April 26: The Saudi-ownedoil tanker Safina al- Greek-registered Esperanza and the Iranian
'Arabwas hit by an explosion near KhargIsland. Tabriz.[5/17CSM]
[4/27 WP] Lloyds of London insurance underwritersin-
April28: Iraqclaimedits gunboatshaddestroyed3 creased insurance rates for tankers traveling to
Iranian"navaltargets"the day before nearKharg Kharg Island from 2 to 3%. The rates were in-
Island. [4/27 WP] creasedfrom 1.5%on May 10. [5/15WP]
April 29: Iran claimed it shot down an Iraqiwar- US officialsreportedthatan Iranianpilotflew an
plane. IraqreportedIranianartilleryshellingof itsF-5jet to SaudiArabiaand defected. [5/15WP]
southern port of Basra and other border towns. May15:IranianMajlisSpeaker'All AkbarHashimi
[4/29WP] Rafsanj&ni declaredthat "either the PersianGulf
May 1: Egyptian President Husni Mubarakre- will be safe for all or for no one." [5/21MEES]
vealed that Egypt was preparinga move by the May 16: The Saudioil tanker YanbuPride was hit
NonalignedMovementto persuadeIranandIraqto by warplanesnear Saudi Arabia'sRas Tanuraoil
stop fightingand resolve their differencesthroughterminal.US officialsattributedthe attackto Iran.
negotiation.[5/2 FBIS] [5/17NYT]
The Algerianpress service said the Polisariohad The KuwaitiCabinetblamedIranfor attackson
released 10 Moroccan prisoners to the Inter- 2 Kuwaititankersearlierin the week. [5/17WP]
nationalRed Cross in the WesternSahara.It was US governmentofficialssaid the US had offered
the first release of military prisoners by the duringthe previousmonthto provideair cover to
Polisariosince the conflictbeganin 1975.[5/5LM] Gulfcountriesbut no countryhadtakenadvantage
May 2: Iran called Egypt's proposals to end the of the offerat the time. [5/17NYT]
Gulf war "worthless and unacceptable." [5/7 Lloyds of London added Kuwaiti ports to a
MEES] high-riskzone in the Gulf,raisinginsurancerate to
The Polisarioclaimedup to 300Moroccantroops those applicableto ships going to Kharg Island.
had died in 4 or 5 majorbattles southof Zag in late
[5/17CSM]
April. Morocco dismissed the claims as "pure May 17: Foreignministersof the GulfCooperation
fiction." [5/4 MEED] Council (GCC) states meeting at an emergency
May 3: IraqiPresidentSaddamHusayn confirmed session in Riyadh condemned "Iranian aggres-
that the April 26 explosion aboard the Safina sion" against Saudi and Kuwaitioil tankers, and
al-'Arab oil tanker was the result of an Iraqi air
decidedto take theircomplaintto the UN and the
attack. [5/7 MEES] ArabLeague. [5/18WP]
The Polisario claimed over 350 Moroccan sol- US governmentofficialssaidthey hadlauncheda
diers were killed on May 2 in an offensiveagainstdiplomaticeffort to reduce tensions in the Gulf.
Moroccanforces concentratedbehinda sand wall They said a publicrequestfrom Saudi Arabiaand
in the GraretE Moulatarea. [5/4 FBIS] other countries in the Gulf would be necessary
May 4: The foreign ministersof Tunisiaand Mo- beforethe US couldsend militaryforces. [5/18WP]
rocco arrived in Athens to persuade the Greek May 18: Iraq claimed its warplaneshad attacked
governmentto end armssales to Iran,accordingto and set ablaze2 ships in Iranianwaters. [5/19WP]
Arab and Greek diplomats.[5/5 WP] May 19: The Panamanian-registered cargo vessel
May 7: Iraq claimed attacks on Iranian troop Fidelitysanksouthwestof KhargIslandafterbeing
concentrationsacross the easternborder,and said attackedby Iraqijets on the previous day. [5/20
Iranhad shelled Basraand the centralbordertown
of Mandali.[5/9 WP] NYT]
May 8: Iraq said its fighterplanes attacked2 large SyriaandLibyablockeda move by ArabLeague
ships leaving KhargIsland. Shippingsources said foreign ministers to denounce Iran for bombing
the Saudi oil tankeral-Ahudhad been set ablaze. Arab shippingand refusing to talk with Iraq on
[5/9 WP] endingthe war. [5/20WP]
May 10: Morocco announcedits army had com- A Polisariocommuniqueclaimedits naval units
pletedconstructionof a second securitywall begun had destroyedthe port terminalat El-Aiounin the
in the fall of 1983, stretching from Zag to the Western Saharaon May 15. Morocco denied the
AtlanticOcean. [5/12 LM] report. [5/23LM]

716
May 20: In a resolutionapprovedby majorityvote
overrulingLibyan and Syrian objections, the for-
eign ministersof the Arab League accused Iranof
aggressionin its waragainstIraqandfor attackson
Arab shippingoutside of the war zone, and called
on the UN SecurityCouncilto take "firmandclear
action" to end the crisis. [5/21NYT]
May 22: US PresidentRonaldReagansaid the US
was consultingits allies about militaryaid to pro-
tect Gulf shipping but called the possibility of
direct intervention"very slight." [5/23NYT]
May 23: President Husayn said Iraq would soon
possess weapons capable of destroyingKhargIs-
land. [5/28 MEES]
Syrian Vice President'Abd al-HalimKhaddam
and Foreign Minister Faruq al-Shar' arrived in
Tehranon a mediationmission, reportedlyat the
requestof SaudiKingFahdbin 'Abdal-'Aziz. [5/24
WP]
Oil industry and Western diplomatic sources
estimatedIranianoil exportshadfallento less than
Im barrelsper day from 1.8mbeforeApril25. [5/24
WP]
May 24: Syrian Vice PresidentKhaddamsaid he
had secureda pledgeby Iranto avoidwideningthe
Gulf war. [5/25WP]
Iranian Majlis Speaker Rafsanjani said Iran
wouldleave SaudiArabiaaloneif it "condemnsthe
Iraqiregimewith regardto the war and puts itself
outside of the scene of action." [5/26NYT]
Iraq claimed to have attacked 2 "large naval
targets" leaving KhargIsland. [5/25WP]
The Liberian-registeredoil tanker Chemical
Venturewas set ablaze near the Saudiport city of
Jubailby an Iranianwarplane.[5/25WP]
May25: The UN SecurityCouncilopened talks on
attacks on Gulf shipping. Iran refused to partici-
pate in the session. [5/26NYT]
Iraq said it had destroyed 8 ships in Iranian
waters. [5/26NYT]
Lloyds of London raised insurance rates for
ships traveling to Kharg Island from 3 to 7.5%.
[5/26NYT]
May 26: The officialSyrianmediaaccused Iraqof
"sabotaging"the recent Syrianmediationmission
to Tehranwith its attacks on shippingwhile Vice
President Khaddam and Foreign Minister Shar'
were in Tehran.[5/27WP]
May29: The US announcedit had sent 400 Stinger
anti-aircraftmissilesand an Air Force aerialtanker
to Saudi Arabia out of "grave concern with the
growing escalation" in the Gulf conflict. [5/30
NYT]
May30: Iraqannouncedits aircrafthadhit a "large
naval target" south of KhargIsland. [5/31WP]
Iran'sAyatallahRfuhallah Khumaynisaid the US
"lacks the courage" to intervenein the Gulf, but
warned of "US agents who would try to create
differences and rifts" among the Muslim clergy.
[5/31 WP]
May31: Iraqthreatenedto destroy KhargIslandif
Iranianforces began a new land offensive. it said
its planes had attacked an Iranianoil refineryat
Tabrizand a pumpingstation near Khurramabad.
Iran said the Tabriz refinery had been slightly
damaged.[6/1 NYT]
PresidentReagansaid Iran had perpetratedthe
Gulfwarby demandingunconditionalvictorywhile
also going "beyond bounds" in attackingneutral
ships. [6/1 WP]
June 1: The UN Security Council condemned
attacks on commercialshippingoperatingout of
neutralports, andcalledon all states to respect the
internationalrightof free navigation.Iranrejected
the resolution.[6/2 WP]
June3: Iraqiwarplanesattackedand set ablazethe
Turkish oil tanker Buyuk Hun south of Kharg
Island. Baghdadsaid its aircrafthad hit 2 "large
naval targets." [6/4 WP]
June 4: US Defense Departmentofficialssaid the
US had sent AWACSplanes capableof detecting
ships to SaudiArabia.[6/5 NYT]
The Middle East Economic Survey reported a
significantrevivalof oil liftingsfrom KhargIsland
in the previous week after Iran agreed to grant
buyerspricediscountsof $2.50to $3.00per barrel.
[6/4 MEES]
A high Algerianofficial arrived in Iraq and a
second arrivedin Iran on a Gulf war mediation
mission. [6/4 FBIS]
June 5: Saudi warplanes,guided by US AWACS
radaraircraft,shot down an Iranianplanein Saudi
airspace.[6/6 WP]
IranchargedIraqiwarplaneskilled or wounded
as manyas 600 Iraniansin Baneh in northwestern
Iran.Iransaid it wouldretaliatewith air strikeson
11 Iraqicities. [6/6 WP]
June 6: Gulf shippingsources said Iraniannaval
teams were stopping ships enteringthe Strait of
Hormuzto search for arms bound for Iraq. [6/7
WP]
Iraq said 21 civilians were killed and over 100
wounded in Iranianattacks on Basra and other
towns. Iran said Iraq had shelled Abadan. [6/7
NYT]
June 7: Iran and Iraq continued to bomb each
other's cities and shell borderregions. [6/8 WSJ]
Iranformallyprotestedto SaudiArabiaover the
downingof one of its planes, sayingthe plane had
not been in Saudiairspace.[6/8 CSM]
The Liberian-registeredfreighterDashaki was
hit by an explosionnearthe Straitof Hormuz.The
ship's masterreportedlybelievedit was caused by
a mine. [6/8 WP]
June 8: An Iranian radio communiquetold all
volunteerswith militarytrainingto reportto bar-
racks. [6/9 WP]
June 10: Iran and Iraq announced they would
accept a call by UN SecretaryGeneralPerez de
Cudllarfor a halt on attackson civiliansites. [6/11
WP]
717
 The Kuwaiti oil tanker Kazimah was attacked Saudi Arabia had been sharinginformationfrom
and set afireoff the coast of Qatar.It was the first US AWACSplanes with Kuwait. [6/21NYT]
attack on a neutral ship in the lower Gulf. [6/11 Iran accused Iraq of shelling a civilian site in
WP] Abadan,killing2 children.Iraq chargedIran had
Oil ministers of GCC countries met in Taif to shelled Basra. [6/21WP]
discuss ways of keeping oil flowingin the face of June 21: Iranand Iraqreportednew fightingalong
attacks on Gulf shipping. They said they would theirbattlefront. [6/22WP]
replaceany oil shipmentslost due to air attacksin The Polisarioannouncedthat its attacks in the
the Gulf. [6/12WSJ] northeast of the Western Sahara had killed 91
June 11: KuwaitofficiallyaccusedIranof attacking Moroccansoldiers and wounded 59 on June 17.
the Kazimahwhile it was in internationalwaters. [6/21FBIS]
[6/12FBIS] June 22: Iraq and Iran accused each other of
Iraqand Iran shelled each others' bordertowns violating their agreementnot to shell residential
hours before a moratoriumwent into effect. [6/12 areas. [6/23WP]
WPI The Polisarioannouncedthe deathof 67 Moroc-
TheMiddleEast EconomicSurveyreportedthat can soldiersin 3 clashes on June 19 and 20 in the
Iranianoil exports had returnedto approximately "useful triangle."[6/25FBIS]
1.4m barrelsper day. [6/11MEES] June23: GCCmilitarychiefs of staffended a 2-day
June 12: Iranand Iraqhaltedthe bombardmentof meeting in Riyadhdevoted to discussion of joint
each others' civilian centers. [6/13WP] steps to protectGulf shipping.[6/25WP]
June 13: MauritanianPresidentOuldHaidallasaid June 24: President Mubaraktold the Egyptian
Moroccowas tryingto destablizehis countryafter parliamentEgypt would renew its Gulf war peace
its decision to recognizethe SaharanArab Demo- initiativein comingweeks. [7/2 MEES]
cratic Republic. [6/14 FBIS] Iraq announcedit had attacked4 "large naval
June 14: GCCforeignministersendeda meetingin targets"south of KhargIsland. A Greek shipping
Taifwith a statementcondemningthe attackon the companysaidthe supertankerAlexanderthe Great
Kazimah but not blaming Iran by name. [6/18 had been damaged. Iraq said it would increase
MEES] attackson shipping.[6/25WP]
June 15: Rafsanjanisaid Iran would extend its June25:The Polisarioclaimed3 Moroccansoldiers
recentagreementwith Iraqhaltingattackson civil- were killedon June22 at Ratmiaand40 were killed
ian centers to ships in the Gulf. [6/16WP] on June 23 at Aarraid.[6/26FBIS]
Perez de Cuellarannouncedhe plannedto send June 26: Morocco denied Polisarioreports of re-
UN observersto Iran and Iraqto monitorcompli- cent battles,sayingno engagementhadtakenplace
ance with the moratoriumon attacking civilian in a long time in the WesternSahara.[6/28LM]
sites. [6/16 NYT] June 27: Iraq claimed to have hit 2 "large naval
June 16: Iraqcalled Iran'sproposalto end attacks targets." The Swiss-owned supertankerTiburon
on Gulf shipping"vague," and said it would only was damagedsoutheastof KhargIsland.[6/28WP]
agree if Iraqiports were included.[6/17WP] June 29: Iran said 2 civilians were killed and 3
Iraq accused Iran of shelling an Iraqi border woundedin Iraqi shellingof Abadan, and said it
town in violation of a 5-day old moratoriumand might retaliate for the attacks on its population
said it would retaliateif the violations continued. centers. [6/30WP]
[6/17NYT] The Polisarioclaimed19 Moroccanswere killed
June 17:Irandeniedit had brokenthe cease-fireby on June 25 and 25 on June 27-28 behind the
shellingan Iraqivillage. [6/18WP] defensivewall in the northof the WesternSahara.
Foreigncorrespondentsreportedthat the exten- [7/2 FBIS]
sion of a sand wall in the WesternSaharahad left July 1: Iraq said its air force had destroyed 5
Moroccan troops in full control of Hawza, the "naval targets" in a convoy in the northernGulf
Polisario'sformerprovisionalcapital. [6/18NYT] and shot down an IranianF-14jet. It also claimed
June 18: Iransaid thousandsof its volunteerswere to have inflictedheavy casualtieson Iranin ground
convergingnear Basra. The Gulf News Agency in fightingeast of Basra. [7/2 NYT]
Bahrain reported that in Iraq enlisted men and July 2: South Korea said a South Korean cargo
college studentswere headingtowardthe southern ship had been destroyedby an Iraqiair attackthe
front in anticipationof an Iranianoffensive. [6/19 day before.A Greekbulkcarrierwas also reported
NYT] hit in the attack. [7/3 WP]
June 19:An Iraqicommanderwas quotedas saying July 5: The Japanese-operatedsupertankerPrim-
Iraq had recapturedmore areas of MajnunIsland rose was attacked and slightly damaged in the
from Iraniantroops. [6/20NYT] southernGulf by a warplanesuspected to be Ira-
June 20: US government officials reported that nian. [5/6 WP]
Saudi Arabiahad said it would interceptthreaten- July 6: Rafsanjanisaid Iran's "final attack" was
ing aircraftbeyond Saudi territoriallimits in Gulf inevitableand could occur at any time within the
waters. The US State Department announced next year. [7/8 JP]

718
July 7: Iran'sofficialpress agency said "dozens of
Iraqiagents" were killed the day before when the
Iranian-backedIraqidissidentgroupIslamicAmal
set off a truck-bombin Baghdad.[7/8 NYT]
Iranian Oil Minister Mulammad Gharazi said
some "militaryproblems"had occurredat Kharg
Island but oil exports had not been affected. [7/8
WP]
The Polisario claimed to have inflicted "heavy
humanand materiallosses" on Moroccantroopsin
attacks in the northeastWesternSaharaon July 2
and 4. [7/10FBIS]
July 10: The Britishoil tankerRenownwas struck
by 2 missiles in internationalwaters east of Bah-
rain, apparently by an Iranian warplane. [7/11
NYT]
Iraqclaimedits jets had attackedand destroyed
a "large naval target" near Iran. [7/11WP]
July 11:Iraqsaidits forces destroyeda largeshipin
the northeasternGulf near Iran. [7/12WSJ]
July 12: The Polisario claimed to have killed 22
Moroccantroops on July 9. [7/13 FBIS]
July 13: Iraq said its planes had hit 2 "largenaval
targets" south of KhargIsland. [7/14 NYT]
Afghanistan
(See also, Pakistan)
1984
April 16: US intelligencesources reportedthat the
Soviet military command had moved several
bombersquadronsnearthe Afghanborderin a new
buildup.[4/17WSJ]
April 23: US officials said the Soviet Union had
opened a majoroffensive againstAfghanrebels in
Panjshirvalley using heavy bombersfor the first
time. [4/24WP]
April 24: Radio Kabul reportedthat government
forces had captured Panjshirvalley. A Western
diplomatsaid Soviet aircrafthad begun high alti-
tude bombingof the valley on April 21. [4/25WP]
April26: Westernintelligencesources said Afghan
rebels were withdrawingfrom Panjshirvalley into
the mountains.[4/26NYT]
US Pentagon officials said Soviet troops had
advancedabout halfwayinto Panjshirvalley. [4/27
WP]
April29: Governmentradiosaid 2 Afghanofficials
inspectedtroops in Panjshirvalley. Westerndiplo-
mats said fightingwas still ragingin the valley and
in Kandahar,300 miles southof Kabul.Therewere
reportsthat4,000to 10,000people hadcrossedinto
Pakistansince Soviet bombingbegan. [4/30NYT]
May 1: Up to 15,000 Soviet troops and 2,000
Afghan troops reportedly reached the town of
Rokhain Panjshirvalley. Resistancein and around
Kabulwas said to be intense, with frequentrocket
and mortarattackson Soviet and Afghangovern-
ment installations.Heavy fightingwas reportedin
the westernprovinceof Herat. [5/2 WP]
Western diplomats said rebel leader Ahmad
ShahMassoudhadslippedout of Panjshirvalley on
April 18 or 19 to avoid capture.[5/2 NYT]
May 6: A senior Afghan governmentsource re-
ported that Soviet and Afghan troops had re-
captured Andarab valley in heavy fighting the
previousweek. [5/8 JP]
May 14: The National Olympic Committee an-
nouncedAfghanistanwouldboycott the 1984Sum-
mer Olympicsin Los Angeles. [5/14FBIS]
Radio Kabul reported that the government
would arm workers,farmersand civil servantsto
protect state-runfactories, farms and government
buildingsfrom attack. [5/16CSM]
May 15: Westerndiplomatssaid Soviet forces had
sufferedat least 500 dead or woundedin the attack
on Panjshirvalley, and confirmedthat the Soviets
had advanced into Andarab valley and several
ravinesoff Panjshirvalley. [5/16WP]
May 17: US Vice PresidentGeorge Bush visited
the KhyberPass, where he condemnedthe Soviet
invasionand expressed supportfor Afghanresist-
ance. [5/18WP]
May 22: Westerndiplomatsreportedthat a Soviet
delegationhadarrivedin Kabulon May 11to try to
establish contact with rebel leader Ahmad Shah
Massoudto end fightingin Panjshirvalley, appar-
ently so far withoutsuccess. [5/23NYT]
Western diplomaticsources said Soviet forces
were diggingin for a long stay in Panjshirvalley,
building fortified encampments at Rokha and
Bazarak,but still faced guerrillaattacksalong the
main highwayfrom Kabul to north of the valley.
The Afghangovernmentwas reportedlypressuring
Panjshirisin Kabulto returnto the valley and had
jailed 50 who refused. [5/23CSM]
May 23: Jane's Defense Weeklyreported Soviet
planes were dropping "liquid fire" bombs and
fuel-airexplosives on Muslimrebels. [5/24NYT]
May 27: Governmentradio reportedthat Panjshir
valley was peacefuland reconstructionhadbegun.
[5/28NYT]
May 29: Westerndiplomatssaid a Soviet general
was killed in early May when his helicopterwas
shot down by rebels near Andarabvalley. [5/30
NYT]
June 12: Westerndiplomatssaid Soviet forces had
launcheda majorattackon Afghanrebels nearthe
Iranianborder,and they reportedincreasedrebel
activityduringthe previousweek in Kabuland the
easternprovinces. [6/13NYT]
June 16: Kabulradioindicatedheavy fightingwas
continuingin Herat. [6/18NYT]
June 17: The head of the Jamiat i-Islami rebel
organizationsaidover 1,000civilianswere killedin
a Soviet assault on Herat duringthe previous 2
weeks, and hundredshad been woundedin daily
bombingsof villages. [6/18NYT]
719
June 27: The WashingtonPost cited Westerndip-
lomatic reports that Ahmad Shah Massoud had
returned to Panjshirvalley to direct attacks on
Soviet positions. [6/27WP]
July 7: Radio Kabul announcedthe nominationof
MuhammadKabir as Minister of Finance. [7/10
LM]
July 8: The US Embassy in Kabulwas hit during
shelling which coincided with reports that fierce
infightingwithin the government'sleadershiphad
erupted in shootings and assassinations. [7/11
NYT]
July9: RadioKabulreportedthatPresidentBabrak
Karmalhad arrivedin Moscow for medicaltests.
[7/11 LM]
July 10: Agence France Presse reported, citing
Westerndiplomaticsources, that duringthe previ-
ous week CommunicationsMinister Mohamman
Aslam Watanjarhad been shot and wounded by
Defense MinisterAbdul Kader, and FinanceMin-
ister Abdul Wakil may have been assassinated.
[7/10FBIS]
Algeria
(See also, Regional Affairs, General,
Morocco)
1984
April 22: Police broke up a demonstrationin Al-
giers by thousandsof studentsprotestingthe pos-
sibility that a quota would be imposed for the
baccalaureate.[4/23 FBIS]
April28: PresidentChadliBenjedidreturnedfrom
officialvisits to Hungaryand Czechoslovakia.[5/1
FBIS]
May 13: Ninety politicalprisonerswere freed un-
der an amnestyannouncedby PresidentBenjedid.
They included 10 formerministersof the govern-
ment of former President Ahmed Ben Bella and
over 30 Muslimfundamentalists.[5/14FBIS]
May 20: La Suisse newspaperquotedAhmedBen
Bella as sayinghe would seek a politicalcomeback
and form a new party named Movementfor De-
mocracyin Algeria. [5/21WP]
May 26: Some 265 Algeriandelegatesattendedthe
congressof the Movementfor Democracyin Alge-
ria near Paris where, in a taped address, founder
Ben Bella attacked the Benjedid governmentas
"fascist" andcalledon all currentsof oppositionto
form a democratic front to work for "authentic
democracy"in Algeria. [5/29LM]
May 29: The National Assembly adopted a code
governingfamily relations,includingmarriage,di-
vorce and inheritance.[6/1 LM]
July 2: The government adopted a 5-year plan
giving priorityto agricultureand hydraulics.[7/5
LM]
720
July 12: A National LiberationFront delegation
traveledto Moroccoto attendthe fourthcongress
of the SocialistUnionof PopularForces. [7/14LM]
June 15: Algeriasaid its troops had intercepted60
Moroccantroops inside Algerianterritory,killing
2, wounding2 and capturing31. [6/16WP]
Bahrain
(See also, Iran, Lebanon)
1984
May 1: Amir Shaykh 'Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa
laid the cornerstoneof Gulf University, the first
universityin the country,whichhad been financed
by the GCC countries and Iraq, and was due to
open in September1986. [5/2 NYT]
May31: Jordan'sKing Husaynheld talks with the
Amirof Bahrain.[6/1 FBIS]
June 24: CypriotPresidentSpiros Kiprianouheld
talks with the Amir. [6/25FBIS]
Cyprus
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Bahrain,
Turkey)
1984
April17: Turkeyexchangedambassadorswith the
self-proclaimed Turkish Cypriot govemnment.
Greeceandthe Cyprusgovernmentdenouncedthe
move. [4/18NYT]
April 22: TurkishCypriot leader Rauf Denktash
warnedGreeceagainstsendingtroopsto the Greek
sectorof Cyprus,implyingthe move mightriskwar
between Greece and Turkey. [4/23NYT]
May 4: CypriotPresidentSpiros Kiprianouasked
the UN SecurityCouncilfor "urgentand effective
measures"to halt efforts to partitionCyprus and
createa separateTurkishCypriotstate. [5/4 NYT]
May 9: The US House of Representativesap-
proved PresidentRonald Reagan's request for a
$250mpeace andreconstructionfundfor Cyprusto
be released when "substantive" progress was
made in resolvingthe disputebetween the oppos-
ing parties. [5/10WP]
May 11:The UN SecurityCounciloverwhelmingly
condemnedthe breakawayTurkishCypriot state
and called for new talks on ending the crisis.
Turkeyand the TurkishCypriotsimmediatelyre-
jected the resolution.[5/12WP]
June 4: The US warned TurkishCypriots not to
settle in a former Greek section of the occupied
town of Famagusta,saying such a move would be
"unhelpful"to UN effortsto unite the island. [6/5
NYT]
June 15: The UN Security Council unanimously
voted to keep a UN peacekeepingforce in Cyprus
for another6 months. [6/16NYT]
July 6: Rauf Denktash charged Greece was en-
gaged in a secret militarybuildupon Cyprus. [7/7
NYT]
Egypt
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Regional
Affairs,Iran)
1984
April 16: VladimirVladimirovichPolyakov, direc-
tor of the MiddleEast desk at the Soviet Foreign
Ministryand former Soviet ambassadorto Cairo,
met with Minister of State for Foreign Affairs
ButrfisButrfisGhall duringa visit to Egypt. [4/17
FBIS]
April 21: Egypt severed diplomaticrelationswith
Costa Rica and El Salvador in response to their
moving their embassies from Tel Aviv to Jerusa-
lem. [4/22WP]
May 1: President Husni Mubarakthreatenedto
break diplomatic relations with any government
thatmoved its embassyto Jerusalem,including,by
implication,the US. [5/2 WP]
May27: Elections for the People's Assemblywere
held. One oppositioncandidatewas shot to death
in Upper Egypt by her governmentopponentand
the wife of another was wounded in a separate
incident. President Mubarak said the elections
were a "turningpoint in Egypt's history." New
WafdleaderFu'ad Sirrajal-Dincalledthe elections
"the worst" since 1924, and charged the ruling
party with tampering,irregularitiesand violence.
[5/28NYT]
May 29: In officialelection results the rulingNa-
tional DemocraticPartywon 391 of 448 contested
parliamentaryseats, the New WafdPartywon 57,
and the Socialist LiberalParty, the NationalPro-
gressive Unionist Party and the Socialist Labor
Partydid not win any seats. [5/30NYT]
June5: PrimeMinisterFu'ad Muhyial-Dindied of
a heart attack. Mubaraknamed Foreign Minister
KamalHasan 'All actingPrimeMinister.[6/6 WP]
June 10: It was announced that Mub;arakhad
appointed Consultative Council Speaker $ubhil
'Abd al-Hakimto succeed the late Fu'ad Muhyi
al-Din as secretarygeneralof the NationalDemo-
cratic Party. [6/7 FBIS]
June 19:Mubarakappointed10new deputiesto the
newly elected People's Assembly, including4 from
the SocialistLaborParty,5 Coptsanda memberof
the NationalDemocraticParty. [6/20NYT]
June 20: Sudan's PresidentJa'far al-Numayriar-
rivedon a 5-dayvisit for talkswith Mubarakandto
attend the June 24 session of the People's As-
sembly and ConsultativeCouncil. [6/21FBIS]
June 23: Rifat al-Mahjfibwas elected speaker of
the People's Assembly. [6/26FBIS]
June 27: The Soviet Union announced it had
reachedagreementwith Egyptfor the exchangeof
ambassadorsfor the first time since 1981. [7/7
NYT]
Iran
(See also, Regional Affairs, Iraq, Israel,
Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Syria,
Turkey)
1984
April 25: The US State Departmentsaid the US
had urgeda worldwideban on the sale of nuclear
materialsto Iran. [4/26NYT]
Iraniandissidentsstagedanti-Khumayni protests
in 5 Europeancities. [4/27NYT]
April 27: IranianofficialsridiculedWesternpress
speculationthat Iranwas buildinga nuclearbomb.
[5/4 MEED]
April 30: Majlis Speaker 'All Akbar Hashimi
Rafsanjanisaid the IranianRepublicwas prepared
to "make good all the injusticesinflicted"on the
Kurdsin the past. [5/11MEED]
May 1: A second roundof Majliselections was set
for May 11. About half the seats were to be
contestedagainwhere constituencieshad not pro-
duced a clear winner. Local press reports said
conservative candidates had done poorly in the
firstround. [5/4 MEED]
May4: InteriorMinister'All AkbarNatiqNfirisaid
the second round of Majlis elections had been
postponedfromMay 11 to May 17 to give authori-
ties more time to investigatecomplaintsabout the
firstround. [5/11MEED]
Iranaccusedthe US-Iranclaimstribunalof bias
against Iran and pledged to boycott about one-
quarterof the financialcases dealingwith claims
arisingout of the Iranianrevolution.[5/5 WP]
May 6: Governmentforces claimed 12 Kurdish
villageshadbeen "liberated"fromguerrillas.A big
offensive was believed to have been underwayin
Kurdistansince April. [5/18MEED]
May 17: Votingtook place for the second roundof
Majliselections. [5/25MEED]
May19:Tehranradiosaid 19Iranianantismuggling
guardskilled in a battle with internationalsmug-
glers and "merchantsof death" in southeastern
Iranwould be buriedon May 20. [5/20NYT]
May 23: The Majlisapproveda bill concerningthe
sale and delivery of preferentialoil supplies to
Syria and the reschedulingof Syria's debts of
nearly$1 billionto Iran. [5/28MEES]
721
May 28: The Second Majlis held its first session,
reelecting SpeakerRafsanjani.Well over half the
Majlis members were new, and most of those
elected were said to be radicalsand progressives.
[6/1 MEED]
June 3: Tehranradio reportedthat senior Foreign
MinistryofficialSayyid Muhammad$adr had left
for Moscow at the invitationof the Soviet Foreign
Ministry.[6/4 WP]
June5: A sweepingamnestywas announcedwhich
would give political and other prisonerspardons
and reduced sentences. [6/8 MEED]
June 7: Foreign Ministry official $adr ended his
visit to Moscow. The Iranianambassadorto Mos-
cow said the main point of the Iranianmessage
delivered to the Kremlinwas that Iran wished to
improverelationswith the Soviet Union. [6/8 WP]
June 15: Eight Iranianshijackedan Iraniannavy
plane, stopped in Bahrainand flew on to Egypt.
[6/16WP]
Stricterenforcementof Islamicdress and moral-
ity codes began. [6/22MEED]
June 19: France said 8 Iranians, 1 a senior naval
officer, had arrivedin Paris on a hijackedIranian
aircraft.Fourasked for politicalasylumafterbeing
denied asylum by Egypt. [6/20NYT]
June 22: Four Iranianswho were unwillingpas-
sengerson a hijackedIranianplanereturnedto Iran
from Paris. Four others were put under house
arrestin Paris.Iranhaddemandedthe returnof the
plane and defectors. [6/23NYT]
June 26: Two hijackersseized an IranAirjetliner
and forced it to fly to Qatar,where 142passengers
were released, and on to Cairo. Egypt said the
hijackerswere refused asylum. [6/27WP]
July 4: Islamic GuidanceMinisterHuijatal-Islam
MuhammadKhatamisaid 150,000Iranianswould
take partin the pilgrimmageto Meccain 1984.This
figurerepresenteda 50%increase over the previ-
ous year. [7/5 FBIS]
Iraq
(See also, Regional Affairs, Israel, Jordan,
Yemen)
1984
April 20: Iraqi First Deputy Prime MinisterTaha
Yasin Ramadanended a 3-day visit to Moscow,
wherehe denouncedthe US for exploitingthe Gulf
waras a preludeto militaryintervention.[4/28WP]
May5: DeputyPremierand ForeignMinisterTariq
'Aziz noted "some improvement"in the US at-
titude toward the Gulf war, but said Iraq would
judge its relationswith the US by the US reaction
to Iraq's request for Americanfinancialinvolve-
mentin a $1.2 billionpipelineprojectto carryIraqi
oil to the port of Aqaba. [5/14MEES]
722
May 30: A large Turkishtrade delegationled by
PrimeMinisterTurgutOzal ended its visit to Iraq.
[6/11MEES]
June 19: King Husayn of Jordan arrived in
Baghdadfor talks with President$addamHusayn.
[6/19NYT]
June28: Iraqgrantedasylumto 2 Iranianswho had
hijackedan IranAirjetlineron June26. [6/29WP]
Israel
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict)
1984
April21: The US State Departmentdeniedthatthe
US plannedto providemoney to Israelfor covert
militaryactivitiesin CentralAmerica.[4/22NYT]
April27: A seniorIsraeliofficialsaid Israelhad not
suppliedarmsor militaryequipmentto Nicaraguan
rebels and, he presumed,would not in the future.
[4/28NYT]
April 30: Israel Radio said formerPrimeMinister
MenachemBeginhaddecidednot to runfor Parlia-
ment in the July 23 generalelection. [5/1 WSJ]
May9: The HerutPartycentralcommitteeelected
Minister without Portfolio Ariel Sharon to the
fourthspot in the party'shierarchy.[5/10NYT]
May 15: Minister without Portfolio Sharon said
duringa visit to the US that Israel had supplied
militaryequipmentto Iran soon after the start of
the Gulfwarin September1980withthe knowledge
of the US administration.[5/18MEED]
May 17: FormerDefense MinisterEzer Weizman
announced he had founded a political party,
Yahad,in preparationfor the July elections. [5/18
WPI
May20: An EnergyMinistryspokesmansaidIsrael
had given the US a guaranteethat it would not
attack the proposedIraq-Jordanpipelineand that
Israel had proposedlinkingthe pipelineto one in
Israel. Iraqi and Jordanianofficialsdescribed the
offeras "ridiculousand strange."[5/28MEES]
June 11: Israel's foreign ministry,embassies and
consulates were closed by a strike by diplomats.
[6/11JP]
June 12: UN Secretary General Javier Perez de
Cuellar held talks with Prime Minister Yitzhak
Shamir.[6/13FBIS]
Prime MinisterShamiraccused the UN of en-
couraging"terroristsand murderers"seeking the
destructionof Israel. [6/13WP]
June 17: Election officials voted to prohibit the
right-wingKach partyfrom runningin the July 23
electionson the groundsit openlysupportedacts of
terror and advocated racist and antidemocratic
principles.[6/19WP]
June 19: Election officialsbarredthe Jewish-Arab
Progressive List for Peace from participatingin
July elections, saying it included subversive ele-
ments. [6/20 NYT]
June 20: Israel and the US held a medical coop-
erationexercise. The firstjoint maneuverbetween
the 2 countries, it was a result of a strategic
cooperationagreementreachedin November1983.
[6/21WP]
June 22: LaborPartyleader ShimonPeres said he
hopedto removeall IsraelitroopsfromLebanonin
3 to 6 monthsif he was elected PrimeMinisterand
would change the settlement policy in the West
Bank. [6/23NYT]
June 24: Government and public service trade
union representativessigned a 2-year wage agree-
ment callingfor pay increasesof at least 16%after
strikes and work slowdowns by 75,000 civil serv-
ants. [6/25WP]
June 28: The SupremeCourt ruled that the Kach
movementandthe ProgressiveList for Peace could
run in the July elections. [6/29WP]
July 10: Three Israelis were chargedin Londonin
the kidnappingof a formerNigerianofficialon July
5. [7/11 WP]
Jordan
(See also, Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Israel,
Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab
Emirates)
1984
May 3: PLO leader Yasir 'Arafatresumedtalks in
Ammanwith King Husayn on a joint approachto
MiddleEast peace. [5/4 MEED]
May 15: Speakingbefore Parliament,PrimeMinis-
ter Ahmad'Ubaydatblameda recent campaignof
attempted bombings partly on Iran, Syria and
Libya, and on Jordanian youths "influenced
against" the governmentwhile studying abroad.
He said a group of militiamenand civilianslinked
to the Islamic fundamentalistal-Jihadgroup had
been detainedby intelligencepolice. [5/17CSM]
May 23: The US State Departmentrevealed the
postponementof a programto provide $220min
equipmentto Jordanfor a mobilestrikeforce. [5/24
NYT]
June 10: UN Secretary General Javier Perez de
Cuellar arrived in Amman for a meeting with
Husayn. [6/11 FBIS]
June 17: Husayn offeredto send Jordaniantroops
to aid Iraq in the Gulf war. [6/18WP]
July 9: French PresidentFranqoisMitterrandbe- April 16: Shellingand sniper fire closed the only
gan an officialvisit to Jordan.[7/10JP]
Kuwait
(See also, RegionalAffairs,Lebanon)
1984
May 18: Membersof Kuwait'sNationalAssembly
criticized Morocco's hosting of a recent Jewish
congress. [5/22FBIS]
May 30: The NationalAssembly approveda 39%
cut in aid to Syria, Jordan and the PLO in an
attemptto reducethe country'sbudgetdeficit. [6/4
MEES]
US Defense Departmentsources said Kuwait
had informallyasked the US to sell it Stinger
anti-aircraftmissiles. [5/31WP]
June 4: US governmentsources said the adminis-
trationhad told Kuwaitthe US would not grantits
requestfor Stingermissiles. [6/6 CSM]
June5: Jordan'sKingHusaynmadea briefvisit to
Kuwaitfor talkswith AmirShaykhJaRbir al-Ahmad
Al $abdh. He said he had come to "see whether
Kuwaitdesiredany assistancefrom Jordan."[6/6
NYT]
June 7: Kuwait's Ministerof the Interior said 4
Iranianssuspectedof forminga sabotagenetwork
had been arrested with bomb materialsin their
possession. [6/7 FBIS]
June 18: In a press conferencein Kuwait,Foreign
Minister Shaykh $abah al-AhmadAl Sabah ap-
pealed to the US Congressto approveits request
for Stingermissiles. He disclosed that Kuwaithad
immediate access to information gathered by
Saudi-basedAWACSplanes. [6/19WP]
June 19:The US State Departmentsaid the admin-
istrationhad informedKuwaitit would be unable
to supplyit with Stingermissilesbecause of politi-
cal opposition in Congress. It said the US was
lookingat more"immediateandeffective"ways of
improvingKuwait'sair defense. [6/20NYT]
June 27: The US Defense Departmentnotified
Congress of its plan to sell $82m in anti-aircraft
equipmentto Kuwait. [6/28NYT]
July 12: Defense MinisterShaykhSalim Al Sabah
said at the conclusion of a trip to Moscow that
Kuwait had initialeda $327marms deal with the
Soviet Union. He praisedthe Soviet leadershipfor
"denyingus nothingin theirarsenal."The Kuwaiti
press reported that the agreementinvolved the
presence of Soviet militaryadvisors in Kuwait.
[7/13NYT]
Lebanon
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict)
1984
crossing point between East and West Beirut. In
723
Tripoli, 3 people were killed and 20 wounded in
fightingbetween local pro- and anti-SyrianMuslim
militias. [4/17NYT]
April 17: A cease-fire went into effect between
Christian and Muslim militias in Beirut. Army
troops clashed with Druze militiamenaroundSuq
al-Gharb.[4/18NYT]
April 19: PresidentAmin al-Jumayyilheld a day-
long meeting with SyrianPresidentHafiz al-Asad
in Damascus. In Beirut, Lebanese cease-fire ob-
servers took up positions along the Green Line in
the firstphase of a disengagementplanworkedout
by militiagroups. [4/20WP]
April 20: Fightingended in Beirut as 1,500 Leba-
nese gendarmesmoved in between warringmilitia
factions. [4/21NYT]
April 21: A cease-firecontinuedto hold as Presi-
dent Jumayyilbegan consultationson forminga
new government.[4/22WP]
April23: One memberof the bufferforce was killed
and 2 wounded by sniper fire near the crossing
point between East and West Beirut. [4/24WP]
April 26: Jumayyilnamed Rashid 'Abd al-Hamid
Karami Prime Minister, replacing Shafiq al-
Wazzan. [4/27NYT]
April 28: The ForeignMinistrysaid Lebanonhad
reopeneddiplomaticrelationswith Libya and was
tryingto do the same with Iran. [4/29NYT]
April 28: Police said 3 civilianswere killed and 22
woundedin Beirutby heavy fightingin the gravest
violationto date of the cease-fire. [4/29WP]
April 30: Prime Minister-designateKarami pro-
posed a new Cabinetof nationalunity. Shi'l militia
leader Nabih Birrnsaid he would refuse to partici-
pate. [5/1 WP]
RashidKarami:Prime Minister;ForeignAffairs
Kamil Sham'uin:Finance: Housing & Coopera-
tives
'Adil 'Usayran:Defense; Agriculture
Salim al-Hu$$:Labor;Education& Fine Arts
Pierreal-Jumayyil:Health; Telecommunications
'Abdallahal-Rasi:Interior
Joseph Skaf: Information
Nabih Birri: Justice; Electric & Hydroelectric
Resources
Victor Qasir:Economy & Commerce;Industry&
Oil
Walid Junblat: Public Works & Transportation;
Tourism
May 1: Birrimet with Druze leader WalidJunblat
and high Syrian officials in Damascus. Syria de-
claredits supportfor the proposedKaramigovern-
ment. [5/2 WP]
May 2: The new Cabinet held its first meeting.
Birrn,Junblatand 'Abdallahal-Rasi were absent.
[513WP]
May5: A Soviet culturalcenterin Beirutwas hit by
a grenade. A group called Islamic Fajr claimed
responsibility.[5/6 WP]
Christianand Muslimfactions exchangedheavy
shellfireacross the Green Line in Beirut, and in
724
West Beirut Druze and Sunni militias clashed. [5/6
NYT]
May 6: Heavy shelling blocked Lebanon's first
peace march. Twenty-five people were killed and
100 wounded. [5/7 WSJ]
May 7: Birni announced he would join the national
unity government after he was named Minister of
State of Southern Affairs and Reconstruction.
'Abdallah al-Rasi still refused to become Interior
Minister. [5/8 NYT]
May 8: American clergyman Benjamin Weir was
kidnapped in West Beirut. [5/9 WP]
May 9: A man claiming to represent the Islamic
Jihad claimed responsibility for the abduction of
Benjamin Weir, as well as that of American news-
man Jeremy Levin and diplomat William Buckley
in March. [5/10 CSM]
May 10: The Cabinet met in Bikfaya, east of Beirut.
Information Minister Skaf was appointed acting
Interior Minister in the absence of Rasi. [5/11
NYT]
May 11: Lebanon broke diplomatic relations with
El Salvador and Costa Rica for transferring their
embassies from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. [5/14 FBIS]
May 12: Fighting erupted between Christians and
Muslims in Beirut hours after hundreds of children
staged a peace march in the Muslim sector. [5/13
NYT]
May 14: A child was killed and 21 wounded when a
mortar shell hit a school playground in East Beirut.
[5/15 WP]
May 15: Militia leaders in Beirut appealed for an
end to the bombardment of residential neighbor-
hoods. [5/16 NYT]
May 18: Shooting broke out in Baalbak between
pro-Iranian militants and Syrian soldiers. [5/20 WP]
May 25: Parliamentary leaders refused to set a date
for debate on a confidence vote for the national
unity government until the safety of deputies in
Beirut could be guaranteed. [5/26 WP]
May 27: A US Embassy spokesman said new
threats of kidnapping or death against US citizens
in Beirut had been made. [5/28 NYT]
May 31: Kar&mi submitted to Parliament his
government's program for modifying Lebanon's
political structure and ending the civil war. [6/1
NYT]
June 3: In Beirut, thousands of Lebanese demon-
strated against the Israeli occupation of southern
Lebanon. [6/4 WP]
June 6: One French truce observer was killed by
snipers and I wounded along the Green Line in
Beirut. [6/7 WP]
June 7: A caller claiming to represent the Islamic
Jihad organization warned citizens of Kuwait,
Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and the UAE to leave
Lebanon within a week or be targets of suicide
bombers. [6/8 WSJ]
Parliament postponed a vote on a government
peace plan amid the third day of heavy fighting. [6/8
WP]
June 11: Parliamentcontinuedto debate a govern-
ment peace plan. Over 100people were reportedly
killed in the heaviest fightingin Beirutin 6 weeks.
[6/12WSJ]
June 12:The nationalunitygovernmentwon a vote
of confidencefromParliamentfor its planto divide
power between Muslims and Christians, rebuild
the army, force Israel from Lebanon and end the
civil war. [6/13NYT]
June 15: Officialsbriefly closed the Green Line
crossing afterrival militiashijacked19 semi-trailer
trucks. [6/16NYT]
June 17: In an interview in Monday Morning,
Karfmi ruled out invitinga Syriandeterrentforce
back to Beirutto enforce a cease-fire. [6/18CSM]
June 18: Syrian Foreign Minister 'Abd al-Halim
Khaddammet in Beirutwith Lebanese leadersfor
talks aimed at reconcilingChristian-Muslim differ-
ences within the Cabinet.[6/19NYT]
June 23: The Cabinet approved a security plan
reorganizingthe armyundera 6-manmilitarycoun-
cil headedby GeneralMichel 'Awn, who replaced
IbrahimTannuisas armycommander.[6/24NYT]
June 23: Unidentifiedgunmen shot and killed the
Austrianconsul in Beirut. About 10 gunmenkid-
napped a Libyan diplomatand his 2 bodyguards.
[6/24WP]
June 25: A Libyan diplomatkidnappedtwo days
before was rescued in Beirut by Amal militia
forces. [6/26 NYT]
June 26: The UN Relief and WorksAgency said it
mighthave to suspendits workin Beirutbecauseof
threatsto its foreignstaff. [6/27FBIS]
June 30: Druze militiamen began withdrawing
heavy weapons from Beirut. [7/1 NYT]
July 1: The Lebanese Forces militia joined the
Druze and Shi'i militias in acceptingthe govern-
mentpeace plancallingfor deploymentof the army
in East and West Beirut. A spokesmanfor Birri
said he had orderedthe Amal militiato remove its
heavy weapons from Beirut. [7/2 WP]
July2: One manwas reportedkilledand 1 wounded
in gunbattlesbetween pro- and anti-Syrianmilitias
in Tripoli. [7/3 WP]
July 3: The Lebanese Forces withdrewtheirheavy
weapons from Beirut. [7/4 NYT]
July 4: Clashes between Muslim fundamentalists
and Syrian-backedgroupsin Tripolicontinuedfor
the thirdday. [7/5 JP]
Nine thousandLebanese armysoldiersbeganto
take over positions in East and West Beirutfrom
militiaunits. [7/5 NYT]
July 5: Bulldozersbegan tearingdown GreenLine
barricadesdividingBeirut. [6/6 WP]
Forty-onepeople were reportedlykilled in artil-
lery duels betweenrivalmilitiasin Tripoli.[6/6WP]
July6: The LebaneseArmycompletedits takeover
of Beirut from militias, but the port and airport
remainedclosed. [7/7 NYT]
July 7: Relatives of civil war kidnap victims
blocked the only crossing between East and West
Beirut with burning tires. [7/8 WP]
July 8: Beirut Airport opened after 5 months but its
access roads were blocked by continuing protests
by relatives of kidnap victims. Most businesses
closed in West Beirut in a general strike called by
Muslims in support of the protesters. [7/10 NYT]
July 9: The Libyan charge d'affaires was kidnapped
in Beirut and released several hours later in eastern
Lebanon. The Imam Muisa $adr Brigade claimed
responsibility and demanded that all Libyans leave
Lebanon. [7/10 WP]
July 10: All crossing points between East and West
Beirut were opened and activity at the airport and
seaport resumed. [7/11 NYT]
July 11: A bomb destroyed the Libyan embassy in
Beirut. The Imam Musad Sadr Brigade claimed
responsibility. [7/12 WP]
July 13: Police said at least 27 people had been
killed and 72 wounded in 3 days of fighting between
the militias of former President Sulayman
Franjiyya and the National Syrian Socialist Party
in the northern Lebanese district of Koura. [7/13
NYT]
July 17: Syrian army troops moved into several
Christian villages in northern Lebanon to enforce a
cease-fire between 2 pro-Syrian militias. Leaders
of the militias agreed in Damascus to withdraw
from the battle zone. [7/16 NYT]
Libya
(See also, Regional Affairs, Jordan,
Lebanon, Tunisia, Turkey)
1984
April 17: A gunman inside the Libyan embassy in
London fired on a crowd of anti-Qadhdhafi protest-
ers, killing one British policeman and wounding 11
Libyan students. British police surrounded the
building, and within hours the British embassy in
Tripoli was surrounded by Libyan troops. [4/18
WP]
April 18: Libya lifted its siege of the British em-
bassy in Tripoli. [4/19 WP]
April 19: Head of State Mu'ammar al-Qadhdhafi
accused Britain of provoking the shooting incident
in London by storming the Libyan embassy, and
demanded that London police withdraw from the
Libyan embassy. In Tripoli, several hundred Liby-
ans demonstrated outside the British embassy.
[4/20 WP]
April 21: British police investigated a possible
Libyan connection to a bomb explosion at Heath-
row Airport in London in which 25 persons were
injured. [4/22 NYT]
725
 Two senior Libyan officials confirmed that 2
Libyan students had been publicly hanged at Trip-
oli University on April 16 after being convicted of
treason by a student revolutionary committee.
[4/22 WP]
In a press conference Head of State Qadhdhafi
said "Chad is an extension of our country and we
are an extension of Chad," according to the Libyan
press agency Jana. [4/24 LM]
April 22: Britain broke diplomatic relations with
Libya and ordered all persons inside the Libyan
embassy to leave the country by April 29. Libya
expressed "surprise and indignation" at the action.
[4/23 WP]
April 23: Britain deported a Libyan student for
alleged "covert activity." [4/24 WSJ]
April 24: Libyan-backed Chadian rebels loyal to
former President Goukouni Oueddei denied press
reports that Libya had annexed the area of north-
ern Chad held by them. [4/25 JP]
Libyan Foreign Minister 'All 'Abd al-Salam
Turayki said Libya was prepared to accept
Britain's decision to break relations and to "imple-
ment the decision peacefully." [4/25 NYT]
Britain deported 'Abd al-Ghadir Baghdadi, a
Libyan described as Qadhdhafi's personal rep-
resentative in Britain. [4/25 WP]
April 26: The Mauritanian government daily Chaab
published documents allegedly proving that Libya
had tried to destabilize the government of Presi-
dent Khouna Ould Haidalla. [4/28 LM]
British diplomatic dependents left Tripoli and the
families of Libyan officials left London in the first
phase of a simultaneous repatriation. [4/27 NYT]
April 27: The 10-day police siege ended as 30
Libyan men were flown to Tripoli and 12 British
diplomats arrived in London. [4/28 NYT]
April 28: Le Monde reported that the Libyan army
had encircled Oueddei forces in Bardai in northern
Chad, several dozen of whom were said to have
deserted to Chadian government forces. [4/28 LM]
April 30: Qadhdhafi said Libya would open rela-
tions with the Irish Republican Army unless there
was an "agreement" between London and Tripoli.
[5/1 WSJ]
In an interview QadhdhfTi said he was ready to
withdraw his troops from Chad if France did the
same. It was his first public acknowledgment of the
Libyan army presence in Chad. [5/1 WSJ]
May 4: Britain expelled 2 Libyans and denied a
Libyan claim that weapons were found in the
former British embassy in Tripoli. [5/6 JP]
May 8: At least 12 anti-Qadhdhafi dissidents were
killed in a shootout in Tripoli with Libyan security
forces, according to reports from Tripoli and West-
ern officials. The National Front for the Salvation
of Libya claimed responsibility for the attack. [5/9
WP]
May 9: Qadhdhafi accused the US, Britain and
Sudan of supporting those responsible for the at-
tack the day before. He said it was carried out by
726
members of the Muslim Brotherhood, and that of
10 gunmen, 8 were killed and 2 were captured.
[5/10 NYT]
In the US, 2 Libyan students were arrested near
Philadelphia for allegedly attempting to buy 2 pis-
tols with silencers from an undercover agent. [5/13
WP]
Diplomats said at least 5 Libyans and 1 Ethio-
pian were killed in an explosion at a house in Addis
Ababa the day before. [5/10 NYT]
May 10: Iranian Foreign Affairs Minister 'All
Akbar Valayati expressed Iran's strong support for
Qadhdhafi during a visit to Libya. [5/18 MEED]
Sudan and Tunisia denied Libyan allegations of
involvement in the May 8 attack in Tripoli. [5/11
NYT]
May 13: The Libyan press agency said Libyan
security forces had killed the leader of the May 8
attack in Tripoli. It said Tripoli's legislators had
decided to form suicide squads to avenge the
attack. In Tripoli, thousands of Libyans rallied in
support of Qadhdhafi. [5/14 NYT]
May 14: French officials said France was consider-
ing proposals by Qadhdhafi for the withdrawal of
French and Libyan troops from Chad. [5/15 NYT]
May 23: Turkish Prime Minister Turgut Ozal met
with Qadhdhafi during an official visit to Libya.
[5/25 MEED]
The director general of the International Atomic
Energy Agency disclosed that Libya had signed the
nuclear nonproliferation treaty. [5/23 FBIS]
Libya suspended relations with Liberia and
Zaire because of their resumption of relations with
Israel. [5/23 FBIS]
May 27: Diplomatic sources said the Libyan am-
bassador had been recalled from Tunisia the day
before. [5/29 FBIS]
May 28: The Libyan news agency Jana said Libyan
peoples' congresses had decided to form suicide
squads to destroy "sabatoge and assassination
training camps" in Sudan. [5/30 JP]
June 4: Libyan radio announced the execution of a
member of the Muslim Brotherhood. [6/6 LM]
June 11: State-run radio quoted Qadhdhafi as say-
ing he had the capability to stage assassinations
and other attacks in the US. [6/13 WP]
June 14: Amnesty International said 7 Libyans had
been executed between June 3 and 7 and hundreds
had been arrested and perhaps tortured since May
8. [6/14 NYT]
June 21: A gunman shot and killed a Libyan
shopkeeper in Athens who had reportedly been an
opponent of the Qadhdhafi government. [6/22 WP]
June 22: A Libyan businessman believed to be
anti-Qadhdhafi was shot and killed in Athens. [6/23
NYT]
June 28: Libya freed 3 members of the Tunisian
national guard seized on the Tunisian border on
May 8. [6/30 LM]
July 4: Two Libyan studentssaid to be supporters
of Qadhdh5fiwere found slain in Athens. [7/5
NYT]
July 11: The Greek governmentprotested to the
Libyanambassadorin Athens about the killingsof
Libyansin Greece. [7/12NYT]
Morocco
(See also, RegionalAffairs,Kuwait, Syria)
1984
April 18: The officialnews agency announcedthat
a man had been sentencedin Oujdato 15 years in
prisonfor participatingin food-priceriots in Janu-
ary. It said 1,800 people had been arrestedin 13
villagesand most of themwere condemnedto from
2 monthsto 10 years in prison. [4/20LM]
April 24: Morocco severed diplomatic relations
with El Salvadorand Costa Rica for movingtheir
embassies in Israel to Jerusalem.[4/27MEED]
April 25: Legislative elections, which had been
postponedtwice, were set for September14. [4/27
LM]
April 30: Five leaders of the MuslimBrotherhood
were arrested after meeting in Casablanca. [5/4
MEED]
May 13:A conferenceof MoroccanJews openedin
Rabatwith 35 Israelisin attendance.[5/14JP]
May 14: Crown Prince Sidi Mohamed hosted a
dinnerfor delegates to the conference on Moroc-
can Jews. [5/16NYT]
May 17: US Defense SecretaryCasparWeinberger
arrivedin Fez to participatein a Moroccan-Ameri-
can joint militarycommittee. [5/18FBIS]
May 18: In a speech King Hassan II defendedthe
holding of a Jewish conference in Morocco and
said that duringthe conference Morocco did not
"undertakeany commitment,nor was Morocco
unfaithfulto any of its existing commitments."
[5/25MEED]
May 24: Abdeslam Yassine, head of the Islamic
fundamentalistorganizationAl Jamaa, was sen-
tenced to 2 years in prisonand a finefor publishing
articlesin his dailyAs Sobh criticizingthe govern-
ment. [5/30LM]
June 12: Le Monde reportedthat 62 persons had
received prison sentences of 3 monthsto 12 years
for participatingin riots in Ksar El-Kebirin Janu-
ary. [6/12 LM]
June 15: The Minister of Interior confirmedthe
deaths in the Casablancaregion of 6 Moroccans
contaminatedby a radioactiveiron pellet on June
9. Twenty other people were also contaminated.
[6/17-18 LM]
June 16: Moroccoconfirmedits forces had clashed
with Algeriansoldiers, and said they had entered
Algeriaby mistake. [6/17WP]
June 22: The communistdailyAl Bayane reported
tha 2 people had been sentencedin Tetouanto life
in prisonin connectionwiththe Januaryriots. [6/28
LM]
June29:Le MondereportedthatSecretaryof State
for ForeignAffairsAbdelhaqTazi was nominated
to replace M'HamedDouiri as Ministerof Plan-
ning. Minister of Equipment Mohamed Kabbaj
becameMinisterof Equipment,StaffTrainingand
VocationalTraining.[6/29LM]
Oman
1984
May 1: Sultan Qabus bin Sa'id issued a decree
establishinga Ministry of Environmentand ap-
pointing Sayyid Shabib Taymuirbin Fay$al, for-
merlyMinisterof State, to head it. [5/20FBIS]
May20: US Vice PresidentGeorgeBushleft Oman
after a 3-dayvisit. [5/4 MEED]
June 12: Jordan'sKing Husaynarrivedin Salalah
for a 2-dayvisit. [6/15MEED]
Pakistan
(See also, Qatar,SaudiArabia)
1984
April 16: Qatar's Shaykh Khallfa bin Hamad Al
Thani arrivedon a 3-day state visit to Pakistan.
[4/17FBIS]
April 25: Pakistaniofficials said at the end of a
4-day visit by Saudi Crown Prince 'Abdallahbin
'Abd al-'Aziz that they had been assured of con-
tinued supportfor guerrillasfightingSoviet forces
in Afghanistan.[5/4 MEED]
April26: The governmentbannedmembersof the
Ahmedia religious sect from calling themselves
Muslimsand using Islamicterminologyor preach-
ing to Muslims.[5/17WP]
May 9: The governmentbanned all reportingon
outlawedpoliticalparties. [5/11CSM]
Studentsin all majorcities boycottedclasses and
marchedto protest a governmentban on student
unions and the detention of about 100 students.
[5/11CSM]
May 11: TurkishPrime MinisterTurgutOzal ar-
rived on a 4-day officialvisit. [5/14FBIS]
May 15: US Vice President George Bush held
formaltalkswith PresidentMuhammadZia ul-Haq
duringa 4-day visit. [5/16FBIS]
May 21: Thousandsof Muslimsfrom 2 rival sects
clashed in Lahore. Thirty-five were reportedly
injured.[5/22NYT]
727
June4: At least 18 people were killedin gunbattles
between the Janwariand Chandiotribes in south-
ern Sind province. [6/5 NYT]
June 17: Pakistanprotested to Afghanistanabout
an air attack at a border crossing that killed 6
Afghanchildren.[6/18NYT]
June 21: US SenatorAlan Cranstonsaid US gov-
ernmentsources had told him Pakistanhad devel-
oped the ability to make nuclear weapons after
obtainingdesign assistancefrom China. [6/21WP]
June 26: An Indian Defense Ministryspokesman
said Pakistaniand Indian troops had clashed on
June 11alongthe borderin Kashmirstate, resulting
in 1 Indiandeathand "heavy" Pakistanicasualties.
[6/27WP]
July 9: PresidentZia deniedallegationsby Senator
Cranstonthat Pakistanwas developinga nuclear
bomb. [7/10 WSJ]
July 12: Legal sources said 41 people had been
chargedwith conspiringto overthrowthe govern-
ment in 1980with Libyanhelp. [7/13JP]
May 26: US governmentsources said the US was
preparingto supply airborne tankers to Saudi
Arabia.[5/27WP]
May 28: The US sent an emergency shipmentof
400 Stinger missiles and 200 launchers to Saudi
Arabia.[5/29NYT]
June 12: Fahd agreed to Iran's request to send
150,000 pilgrims to Mecca in September. [6/14
WSJ]
June 13: Sudan's PresidentJa'faral-Numayriar-
rived in Jidda on a private visit. He stressed the
"positive attitude"of SaudiArabiatowardSudan
since SudanadoptedIslamiclaw. [6/22MEED]
June 26: Pakistan'sPresidentMuhammadZia ul-
Haq arrivedon a privatevisit. [6/29MEED]
June 27: King Husayn told Fahd duringa visit to
Saudi Arabia that Jordan would stand by "its
brothersin defendingtheir lands, waters and sov-
ereignty." [6/29MEED]

South Yemen
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict)
Qatar
(See also, Iran, Pakistan) 1984
May 24: The Yemeni OlympicCommitteesaid it
1984 would not participatein the 1984OlympicGames
May 6: Amir ShaykhKhalifabin HamadAl Thani in Los Angeles. [5/25FJ3IS]
returnedto Qatar after official visits to Pakistan, June28: The Kuwaitipaperal-Siyasareportedthat
India,the Republicof KoreaandJapan.[5/7FBIS] 3 ministerswere elected duringthe Presidiumof
June 11: The QatariConsultativeAssembly held the Supreme People's Council on May 21-22:
the final meeting of its 12th ordinaryterm. [6/12 Ahmad MuhammadQa'tabi: Minister of State;
FBIS] MuhammadSa'id 'Abdallah:Ministerof Housing;
June 13: King Husaynof Jordanheld officialtalks and Mahmud 'Abdallah 'Ushaysh: Minister of
with the Amirof Qatar.[6/14FBIS] State. [7/2 FBIS]

SaudiArabia
(See also, Petroleum Affairs, Regional
Affairs,Lebanon,Pakistan,Yemen)
1984
April 18: Health MinisterGhazi 'Abd al-Qusaybi
was dismissedfromhis post. No reasonwas given.
AgricultureMinister 'Abd al-Rahmanbin 'Abd
al-'Aziz bin Hasanal-Shaykhwas appointedacting
Health Minister.[4/30MEES]
April24: King Husaynof Jordanarrivedin Riyadh
for talks with King Fahd bin 'Abd al-'Aziz. [4/27
MEED]
April 30: North Yemen's President'Ali 'Abdallah
$alih held talks with King Fahd. [5/1 FBIS]
May 23: The US government told members of
Congressthat it plannedto revive an offer to sell
1,200Stingeranti-aircraftmissilesto SaudiArabia.
[5/24NYT]
Sudan
(See also, Egypt, Libya, SaudiArabia)
1984
April 29: PresidentJa'far al-Numayriimposed a
state of emergencythroughoutthe country, citing
the need to combat labor unrest, corruption,op-
positionto Islamiclaw, and rebel uprisingsin the
south. [5/1 CSM]
April 30: President Numayri granted sweeping
powers to police and the armywhich he said were
necessary to control a growingthreat "inside the
countryand abroad."[5/1 NYT]
May 1: Numayrireshuffledhis Cabinet,dismissing
nearlya thirdof the ministers.New appointments
were:
Saghlrin al-Zayn:Irrigation
KamalHasan Ahmad:InternalAffairs
'Awad al-JidMuhammadAhmad:Ministerof the

728
Presidencyfor Legal Affairs
'Abd al-Salam$alih 'Isa: Health
Hashim 'Uthman:ForeignAffairs
FarahHasan:Labor & Social Insurance
Ja'far Hasan Salih: Cooperation, Commerce &
Supply
'All MuhammadShummo:National Guidance &
Information
Ministersof State:
Yfisuf Hasan al-Hajj:Defense
All 'AmirTaha: Transport& Communications
'Umar MuhammadYasin: Political Affairs in the
President's Office[5/4 MEED]
May 3: Westerncreditorsmeetingin Parisgranted
Sudan a reschedulingover 16 years of its foreign
debtsof about$300mfallingdue in 1984.[5/7FBIS]
May 5: Sudanese security forces arrested 1,540
people on drug and alcohol charges in the past 2
days, according to Egypt's Middle East News
Agency, quotingthe Sudanesedaily al-Sihdfa.[5/7
NYT]
UN and Ethiopian officials said about 40,000
Sudanesehadfledto Ethiopiaduringthe previous6
months to escape hungerand fightingbetween the
armyand rebels in southernSudan. [5/6 NYT]
May 14: Interior Minister Kamal Hasan Ahmad
was dismissed for "attemptingto influence the
course of justice." He was replaced by chief of
police General'All Yasin Ibrahim.[5/18MEED]
May 18: The right hands of 2 convicted armed
robberswere publiclyamputated,makinga totalof
9 such sentences since September.[5/20JP]
May 25: Two West German aid workers were
kidnappedby rebels in the Bahr al-Ghazalregion.
About 60 soldierswere also reportedkidnappedor
killed. [6/1 MEED]
May 28: Numayri advised foreign companies in-
volved in oil projectsin southernSudanto resume
their operations now that "security prevailed
throughoutthe region." [6/4 MEES]
May 29: A martiallaw court bannedall forms of
European style dancing throughoutthe country,
according to the Egyptian Middle East News
Agency. [5/31JP]
June 7: The Sudan News Agency reported that
ChevronOil Companyof the Sudan had resumed
its oil explorationoperationsin southern Sudan.
[6/11MEES]
June 13: The official press agency reported the
army had repelled 2 rebel attacks in Upper Nile
Province. Eight soldiers and 255 rebels were re-
portedlykilled. [6/14NYT]
June 13: Numayri released and deported in re-
sponse to an Italiangovernmentpetitionan Italian
citizen who had been flogged andjailed on liquor
charges. [6/14 FBIS]
June 17:The armydeputycommander-in-chief said
the army was in full control in southern Sudan.
[6/19FBIS]
June 26: The Libyannews agencyJana reporteda
Sudanese LiberationArmy announcementthat its
forces had "liberated" the town of Bidore in
southeastSudan,andthat400 governmentsoldiers
were killedor had escaped. [6/27FBIS]
Syria
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Regional
Affairs,Iran,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon)
1984
May 14: Syriarecalledits ambassadorto Morocco
for consultationsin the wake of a Jewish confer-
ence in Moroccoattendedby an Israelidelegation.
[5/15 FBIS]
May 20: The Washington Post cited reports that
violence between troops of Vice PresidentRif'at
al-Asadand his rivalsresultedin at least 8 soldiers
killedin Latakiaon April23. [5/20WP]
May 21: Syria announced it would suspend its
membershipin the Islamic ConferenceOrganiza-
tion (ICO)JerusalemCommitteeunder the chair-
manshipof MoroccanKing Hassan II, calling the
recent Jewish conferencein Moroccoattendedby
Israelisa flagrantviolationof ICOprinciples.[5/22
FBIS]
May28: Vice PresidentAsad left for Moscow on a
workingvisit accompaniedby SpecialForces chief
'Ali Haydarand ThirdArmy division commander
ShafiqFayyad. [5/29FBIS]
June 1: Vice PresidentAsad flew to Geneva at the
conclusion of a visit to the Soviet Union which
includedtalkswithSovietleaderKonstantinChern-
yenko. [6/2 WP]
June7: VisitingUN SecretaryGeneralJavierPerez
de Cuellarheld talkswith PresidentHafiz al-Asad.
[6/8 FBIS]
July 2: Defense Minister Mustafa Tlas said on
French television that Vice President Asad's
25,000-mandefensecompanieshadbeen integrated
into the regulararmedforces. [7/6 MEED]
July 5: In Geneva, Vice President Asad denied
reports that he had been exiled from Syria by
President Asad, saying he was in Geneva for
medicaltreatment.[7/6 JP]
July 10: Iranian Foreign Minister 'Ali Akbar
Valayhtiheld talks in Syria with Syrian Foreign
MinisterFarfiqal-Shar'.[7/11FBIS]
Tunisia
1984
April 16: The Tunisianambassadorto Francesaid
PresidentHabib Bourguibahad recovered his vi-
sion completely following an operationfor cata-
729
racts during the previous week in Paris. [6/17
FBIS]
April 17: The reportof the commissionof inquiry
into food-price riots in Januarycited negligence
and corruptionwithinthe police force and accused
Interior Minister Driss Guiga of exploiting the
violence for politicalends. [4/27MEED]
The report said the casualty toll from the riots
was 89 killed and 938 injured,including348 law
enforcementtroops. [4/20LM]
May 2: University teachers went on strike to
protestpolice brutalityat a universityceremonyin
Tunis on April 27. [5/11MEED]
May 8: PresidentBourguibadismissedMinisterof
State for the InteriorAhmed Bennourin connec-
tion with the Januaryriots. [5/10LM]
May 9: Tunisia officiallydenied its territoryhad
servedas a base or place of departurefor any act of
aggressionagainstLibya. [5/11 LM]
May 10: Tunisia accused Libya of kidnapping3
Tunisiannationalguardsmen.[5/10FBIS]
May 15: Former Tunis Chief of Police Ezzedine
Driss and former Director of National Security
AbdelhamidSkhiri were arrested in connection
with the Januaryriots. [5/17LM]
Seven youths were sentenced to hard labor
terms of from 5 to 30 years in connectionwith the
Januaryriots. Le Mondereportedthat 1,000people
had been arrested,a large numberwere released,
and 300 were waitingto appearin court. [5/17LM]
May 16: Tunisiarecalledits ambassadorto Libya.
[5/17NYT]
May 18: Tunisian officials said Tunisia had
strengthenedits forces on the Libyanborder.[5/19
NYT]
May24: A reportby the local humanrightsleague
blamedthe Januaryriots on social disparitiesand
lack of initiativeby the government.[5/27-28LM]
May 26: Ten people were sentenced to death for
voluntary homicide during January riots, and 2
were sentenced to hardlaborfor life and 20 years
respectively. [5/29LM]
May30: The TunisianCommunistParty,the Move-
ment of Socialist Democrats,the TunisianHuman
RightsLeagueand the Associationof YoungLaw-
yers expressed concern at recent death sentences
and, in an open letter, askedBourguibato grantthe
youths clemency. [6/1 FBIS]
June6: The Councilof Lawyersdeclareda boycott
of the president of the criminal court over his
response to criticismby the Associationof Young
Lawyers. [6/9 LM]
June 16: Driss Guigawas sentencedin absentiato
10 years hard labor and 5 years in prison for a
series of offenses related to the January riots.
AbdelhamidSkhiri received 5 years in prison for
complicity and Ezzedine Driss was acquitted.In
London, Guiga rejected his conviction as "un-
just." [6/19 LM]
June 19: Bourguibacommutedthe deathsentences
of 8 youths to life terms of hardlabor. [6/20NYT]
730
June 28: Three Tunisiannationalguardsmencap-
tured by Libya on May 8 were released. [6/29
FBIS]
July 3: Bourguibainstructedthe Tunisianambas-
sadorto Libya to returnto his post. [7/5 LM]
The independentweekly al-lan said former
EconomyMinisterAhmedBen Saleh hadreturned
to Tunisiafrom Paris after an 11-year exile. [7/6
FBIS]
July 10: The price of bread and other grain prod-
ucts was increasedby 10 to 12%.[7/11NYT]
Turkey
(See also, Cyprus,Libya, Pakistan)
1984
April19: Ten Kurdishmilitantsaccused of waging
violent separatist campaigns were sentenced to
deathand 176to longjail terms. [4/19NYT]
April28: A Turkishbusinessmanwas fatallyshotin
Tehranon the sameday thatPrimeMinisterTurgut
Ozal arrivedfor a visit. Armenianterroristswere
suspected. [5/4 MEED]
May 8: Turkeywas readmittedto the Council of
Europe3 yearsafterbeingsuspendedfollowingthe
1980militarycoup. [5/18MEED]
A militaryappeals court overturnedthe prison
terms of leadersof the bannedMuslimfundamen-
talist National SalvationParty. They were to be
retried.[5/9 NYTI
May9: The US House of Representativesvoted to
cut PresidentRonaldReagan'srequestfor military
aid to Turkeyin 1985from $755mto $670m.[5/10
WP]
AmnestyInternationalpublisheda reportsaying
thousandsof detaineesundermartiallaw in Turkey
were being tortured.[5/11MEED]
Turkey rejected the Amnesty Internationalre-
port and said no governmentofficialorderedtor-
ture. [5/10JP]
May 15: Martiallaw authoritiesblocked publica-
tionof a petitionsignedby intellectualsdenouncing
press censorshipand other aspects of martiallaw.
[5/16NYT]
May22: Martiallaw authoritiessaid 13peoplewere
sentencedto death and 94 to prisonin the trial of
191leftists. [5/23NYT]
May25: PrimeMinisterOzalreturnedfroma 3-day
visit to Libya. He said he had renewed an invita-
tion for Libyan leader Mu'ammarQadhdhafito
visit Turkeydespiteoppositionfromthe US. [5/27
JP]
The Middle East Economic Digest reported that
163 Kurdishrebels had been sentenced to prison
terms of up to 25 years following a trial of 625
defendants.[5/25MEED]
May 29: The WashingtonPost reporteda Turkish of State Richard Murphythat persistence in its
Radio announcement that 7 persons had been sen-
tenced to death and 129 to prison in a mass trial of
199 leftists. [5/29 WP]
June 11: More than a dozen prisoners were re- the draftof a federallaw regardedas the first step
ported to be in serious condition in Istanbul hospi-
tal after a 60-day fast to protest jail conditions.
[6/12 NYT]
June 12: Turkish Cypriot leader Rauf Denktash
arrived in Ankara on a 2-day visit. [6/13 NYT]
June 14: Ten leftists were sentenced to death for June 13: Jordan'sKing Husayn held officialtalks
killing political rivals and 95 received prison terms. with the Presidentof the UAE. [6/14FBIS]
All were accused of belonging to the outlawed
Turkish Workers and Peasants Liberation Army.
[6/15 NYT]
June 19: Ozal said 106 inmates in military prisons
were fasting. He rejected their requests for better
conditions, an end to the death penalty and treat-
ment as political prisoners. [6/27 WP]
June 20: A Turkish diplomat in Vienna was killed
when his car exploded. The Armenian Revolution-
ary Army claimed responsibility. [6/21 WP]
June 21: Twenty-seven people were sentenced to
death and 132 to prison in a mass trial of leftists
accused of murder before the 1980 coup. [6/29
MEED]
June 23: Martial law authorities said 10 leftist
prisoners had starved to death in early June while
on hunger strikes. [6/27 WP]
June 25: Eleven Turkish leftists were arrested in
Athens after occupying the UN mission in support
of prisoners on hunger strikes in Turkey. [6/26
NYT]
June 28: The government decided to lift martial law
in 13 additional provinces, according to the
Anatolia press agency. Martial law would continue
in 41 of the 67 provinces for at least 4 months. [6/29
NYT]
July 6: The Social Democratic Party began its first
conference since 1980. [7/13 MEED]
July 14: The Parliament approved a 5-year eco-
nomic plan designed to cut inflation, increase ex-
ports and prepare for full membership in the Euro-
pean Economic Community. [7/15 NYT]
United Arab Emirates
(See also, Lebanon)
1984
April 16: UAE President Shaykh Zayid bin Sultan
Al Nuhayyan told visiting US Assistant Secretary
presentpolicies would cause the US to lose many
of its friendsin the region. [6/17FBIS]
April 24: The National FederalCouncil approved
to conductingcivil transactionsin accordancewith
Islamiclaw. [4/25FBIS]
May 13: The Presidentof the UAE returnedfrom
official visits to Kenya and Bangladesh. [5/17
FBIS]
July 5: The Abu Dhabi National Oil Company
announcedplans to build a $500mpipeline to the
ArabianSea, bypassingthe Straitof Hormuz.[7/6
FBIS]
Yemen
(See also, Saudi Arabia)
1984
April 30: Head of State 'Ali 'AbdallahSlih re-
turnedfromofficialvisits to SaudiArabia,Iraqand
France. [5/1 FBIS]
SOURCES
AN, Arab News (Arab News Building,P.O. Box
4556, Jiddah, Saudi Arabia). CSM, The Christian
Science Monitor(1 Norway Street, Boston, MA
02115). FBIS, Foreign Broadcast Information
Service Daily Report: Middle East and North Af-
rica & South Asia (NTIS, US Department of
Commerce, Springfield,VA 22151). JP, The Je-
rusalem Post (The JerusalemPost Building, Je-
rusalem,P.O. Box 81, Israel). LM, Le Monde (5,
rue des Italiens, 75427 Paris Cedex 09, France).
MEED, Middle East Economic Digest (21 Johns
Street, London WCIN 2BP, England). MEES,
Middle East Economic Survey (P.O. Box 4940,
Nicosia, Cyprus). NYT, The New York Times (229
W. 43rdStreet,New York,N.Y. 10036).TDN, The
Turkish Daily News (Tunus Cad. 49/7, Ankara,
Turkey). WP, The Washington Post (1150 15th
Street, N.W., Washington,D.C. 20071).WSJ, The
Wall Street Journal (22 Cortlandt Street, New
York, N.Y. 10007).
73'