Chronology July 16, 1984-October 15, 1984

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Source: Middle East Journal, Vol. 39, No. 1 (Winter, 1985), pp. 105-121
Published by: Middle East Institute
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4326976 .
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July 16, 1984-October 15, 1984
ABBREVIATIONS:
CSM, ChristianScience Monitor
FBIS, Foreign Broadcast Information Service _;

Daily Report-Middle East & North Africa and

South Asia
JP, TheJerusalemPost 0.
LM, Le Monde E Digest
MEED,MiddleEast Economic Digest
MEES, MiddleEast Economic Survey
NYT, The New YorkTimes
WP, The WashingtonPost
WSJ, The WallStreet Journal

peacekeepingtroops in southern Lebanon and an

Arab-Israeli Conflict expansionof their mission. [7/25 CSM]
July 25: Israel closed its diplomaticliaison office
near Beirut. [7/26NYT]
1984 July 29: The Soviet Union called for an inter-
July 17: An Israeli soldier was killed in a grenade nationalconference on peace in the Middle East,
attack near Tyre in southernLebanon. [7/19JP] with the participationof the US, the USSR, Israel,
Israeli-backedLebanese militiamenkidnapped Arab states and the PLO. The US and Israel
Shi'i religious leader Shaykh MuhammadHasan rejectedthe proposal. [7/30 NYT]
al-Aminin Sidon, Lebanonandforced himto leave July30: Israelitroopsclosed al-NajahUniversityin
the area. [7/18 WP] Nablus for 4 months after raidinga pro-PLOex-
July 18: Muslimsin West Beirutand other areas in hibit on the campusand arresting3 students. [7/31
Lebanon observed a general strike to protest the WPI
expulsion of Shaykh MuhammadHasan al-Amin July 31: PLO ChairmanYasir 'Arafat said the
from Sidon. [7/19 NYT] Palestine National Council would be convened in
The Lebanese government ordered Israel to mid-August.[8/1 FBIS]
close its liaison office northof Beirut. [7/19WP] An Israeliwas sentencedto 3 years in prisonand
Israel said its gunboats had seized a Lebanese 3 years suspendedsentence for conspiringto blow
ship several days before that had been involved in up the Dome of the Rock, illegal possession of
a PLO terroristattemptin Israel. [7/19WP] weapons, and fraud. [8/1 JP]
July21: Israelclosed the only roadlinkingsouthern Aug. 1: Israelihelicoptersand gunboatsattackeda
Lebanonto the rest of the country. [7/21 NYT] Palestinian guerrilla base in the Nahr al-Barid
An Israeli soldier and 5 Palestinians were refugeecamp near Tripoli, Lebanon. [8/2 WP]
wounded in a grenade attack on an Israeli army Aug. 2: An Israeli soldier died of wounds suffered
patrolin Nablus. [7/24 LM] during a grenade attack in Nabatiya in southern
July24: Israelreopenedthe roadbetween southern Lebanon. [8/3 JP]
Lebanonand Beirutbut introducedrestrictionson Aug. 5: An Israelisoldierwas killedand 2 wounded
privatecars. [7/25 NYT] by a mine in eastern Lebanon. Israeli authorities
Lebanese government sources said the Soviet said there had been 25 attacks or attemptsagainst
Union had indicated to visiting Cabinet minister Israeli troops in Lebanon in the last week. [8/6
Nabih Birri its support for an increase in UN NYT]

THE MIDDLEEAST JOURNAL, VOLUME39, NO. 1, WINTER1985 105

Aug. 8: A new Jewish settlementwas establishedin
Hebron after receiving the approval of Defense
MinisterMoshe Arens. [8/10 NYT]
Aug. 9: PLO Chairman'ArafatsaidJordanianKing
Husaynhad agreedin principleto link his kingdom
with a futurePalestinianstate. [8/10 WP]
Aug. 12: An Israeli soldier was found killed near
Nablus. [8/13 WP]
The PopularFrontfor the Liberationof Palestine
claimed responsibility for the "execution" of 2
Israeli soldiers in the West Bank duringthe previ-
ous 6 months. [8/14 LM]
Aug. 15 Israeli troops stormed the village of
Maarakain southernLebanonand arrestedvillag-
ers who had thrown rocks at Israeli soldiers. Pal-
estinians in the 'Ayn al-Hulwarefugee camp near
Sidon protested what they said were continued
shootingsand abductionsof camp residentsby the
Israeli-backedSouthern Lebanese Army militia.
[8/16 WP]
Aug. 16: Israel said its warplanesbombeda camp
near Bar Elias in the Biqa' used by Syrian-backed
Palestinianguerrillas.Guerrillaleader Abu Musa
claimed responsibility for an unsuccessful car
bombingin Jerusalemthe day before. [8/17WP]
Aug. 17: Lebanese Cabinet member Birri urged
Lebanese guerrillasto increase attacks on Israeli
troops in southernLebanon. [8/18WP]
Aug. 19: Spanish police identified an Arab
woundedby a gunmanin Madridon August 17as a
leader of the PopularFront for the Liberationof
Palestine militarywing. A caller claimedresponsi-
bility for the attackon behalfof the IslamicRevo-
lutionaryVanguard.[8/20JP]
Aug. 20: The 4 leadersof the anti-'ArafatPalestine
NationalAlliancesaidtheirgroupswouldboycotta
meeting of the Palestine National Council. [8/21
NYT]
Israel closed the only road linking southern
Lebanon with the rest of the country for 3 days,
citing security concerns. [8/21NYT]
Aug. 28: Israeli warplanesbombed a Palestinian
guerrillabase at Majdal-Anjarin the easternLeba-
nese Biqa' Valley. Twenty-five people were re-
ported killed. [8/29 NYT]
Aug. 29: Lebanon appealed to the UN Security
Councilto put into effect past resolutionscallingon
Israel to withdrawfrom Lebanon. [8/30WP]
Sept. 4: Israeli troops turned responsibility for
security in Nabatiya over to the SouthernLeba-
nese Army militia. [9/4 JP]
Sept. 6: The US vetoed a Lebanese-sponsoredUN
Security Council resolutiondemandingthat Israel
lift all restrictions on freedom of movement in
southernLebanon. [9/7 WP]
Sept. 8: A caller claimingto representthe Islamic
Jihadthreatenedto destroy a vital Americaninter-
est in the MiddleEast in retaliationfor the US veto
of a UN SecurityCouncilresolutioncriticizingthe
Israelioccupationof southernLebanon.[9/9NYT]
106
Sept. 9: Nabih Birrt said he had ordered suicide
attacks on Israelitroops in southernLebanonand
would boycott Cabinet meetings unless they fo-
cused on the Israeli occupation. [9/10 WP]
Sept. 10:A seniorofficerin the dissidentAbu Musa
factionof Fath was reportedkilled in an Israeliair
attackat Bhamdun,Lebanon. [9/11 WP]
Sept. 13:One Israelisoldierwas killedand another
woundedby a bomb explosion in southernLeba-
non. [9/13JP]
Sept. 14:The mayorof Rafahin the Gaza Stripwas
shot and killedby a gunmanin a passingcar. [9/15
WP]
Sept. 15:Fourlocal Arabswere arrestedin connec-
tion with the murderof the mayor of Rafah. [9/16
WP]
LebanesePrimeMinisterRashidKaramiblamed
Israel for a September14 gunboatattack on West
Beirut.The Israelinavy denied involvement.[9/16
JP]
Sept. 16: The trial of 20 alleged Jewish terrorists
opened in Jerusalem.[9/17WP]
Sept. 17: Seven people were woundedin an attack
by gunmen on an Israeli bus on the West Bank.
[9/17WP]
Israeli troops clashed with Palestiniandemon-
strators on the West Bank markingthe second
anniversaryof the Sabra and Shatila massacres.
[9/18FBIS]
Israeli authoritiesordered owners of the East
JerusalemPalestine Press Service to appear at a
hearing to answer charges of being guided and
financedby the PLO. [9/20 WP]
Sept. 20: Twenty-threepeople were reportedkilled
when an explosives-filledvan blew up in front of
the US embassyannex in East Beirut.The Islamic
Jihadclaimedresponsibility.[9/21WP]
Druzemembersof the SouthernLebaneseArmy
militia killed 13 villagers and wounded 22 in
Suhmurin southernLebanon,to avenge the earlier
ambushkillingof 4 militiamen.[9/21WP]
PLO leaders meeting in Algiers announcedthe
indefinitepostponementof the meetingof the Pal-
estine NationalCongressin orderto allow Algeria
to arrangethe restorationof normalrelations be-
tween the PLO and Syria. [9/24 FBIS]
Sept. 21: Israeli Foreign MinisterYitzhak Shamir
said Israel would ask the US to mediate between
SyriaandIsraelfor the withdrawalof Israelitroops
from southern Lebanon, and Israel would no
longerinsist on a simultaneousSyrianwithdrawal.
[9/23NYT]
Sept. 23: An Israeli soldier and an Israeli security
officerwere killedin an ambushin southernLeba-
non. [9/25WP]
Sept. 24: A callerclaimingto representthe Islamic
Jihad reportedly threatened to attack another
American interest to avenge the September 20
killing of 13 villagers in southern Lebanon. [9/25
WP]
 Six guerrillaswere killed and 9 Israeli soldiers
woundedin 2 incidentsin southernLebanon.[9/24
JP]
Sept. 26: The US Senate Foreign RelationsCom-
mittee deferreddiscussion of a resolutionto move
the US embassy in Israel to Jerusalem. [9/21
MEED]
Sept. 30: Israeli Prime MinisterShimon Peres or-
dered a halt to a governmentattemptto close the
East JerusalemPalestinePress Service. [10/1WP]
Oct. 1: JordanianKing Husayn rejectedan Israeli
offer for peace talks. [10/2 WP]
Oct. 2: Israelipolice clashed with some 200 Arabs
outside the US consulatein Jerusalemdemonstrat-
ing in supportof prisonerson a hungerstrikeat the
Nablus prison. [10/3 NYT]
Meeting in New York, US Secretary of State
George Shultz told Lebanese Prime Minister
Karamithe US was not willing to act as an inter-
mediaryto obtainan Israeliwithdrawalfromsouth-
ern Lebanon. [10/3 WP]
Oct. 4: A bomb exploded outside the Israeli em-
bassy in Nicosia, Cyprus, causing little damage.
PLO dissidentleader Abu Musa claimedresponsi-
bility. [10/5JP]
Eight hundredPalestinianprisonerson the West
Bank ended a 10-dayhungerstrike after reaching
an agreementwith prison officials. [10/5NYT]
PrimeMinisterKaramisaid in an interviewLeb-
anon would not negotiatedirectlywith Israel over
Israeli withdrawalfrom southern Lebanon, and
would not agree to a role for the SouthernLeba-
nese Army militiain the area. [10/5NYT]
Oct. 5: Three guerrillaswere killed in a clash with
Israeli soldiers on the West Bank. [10/7JP]
Oct. 6: SyrianForeignMinisterFarfiqal-Shar'said
in an interview that Syria would accept a US
mediationrole within the frameworkof the UN to
end the Israelioccupationof Lebanon.[10/9FBIS]
Oct. 10: PrimeMinisterPeres offeredto withdraw
Israeli troops from the Lebanese Biqa' Valley if
Syria agreed to their replacementby a UN peace-
keepingforce. [10/11 WP]
Oct. 12: The UN SecurityCouncilvoted to extend
the mandate of the UN peacekeeping force in
Lebanonfor 6 months. [10/13NYT]
An Israeli soldier was killed near Jezzine in the
centralsector of southernLebanon. [10/14JP]
Oct. 15: Seven Israelis were injured by a bomb
explosion on the West Bank. [10/16NYT]
General
Jihad had announcedit had laid 190 mines in the
Red Sea. [8/1 WP]
1984 Aug. 2: The US sent 15experts to look for mines in
July 18: Gambian President Dawda Jawara was the Red Sea. [8/3 WP]
elected Islamic ConferenceOrganizationpresident Two ships reported being damaged by explo-
in Jidda. [7/20 MEED] sions at the southernend of the Red Sea. [8/3 WP]
Oct. 2: The Bank of Englandannouncedthat no
licenses would be issued to banks proposing to
accept deposits on an Islamicbasis. [10/5 MEED]
Regional Affairs
1984
July 16: The 6 Gulf CooperationCouncil (GCC)
countrieswere reportedto be consideringan Ira-
nianproposalfor a regionalconferenceon the Gulf
war. [7/17WSJ]
July 17: Iraqclaimedto have shot down an Iranian
jet fighterin the southernborderarea. [7/18 NYT]
July 18: The Islamic Conference Organization
(ICO)mediationcommitteeopened a 2-day confer-
ence in Jiddaon endingthe Iran-Iraqwar. [7/19JP]
July 19:Iraqclaimedits warplaneshit a "very large
naval target" southeast of Kharg Island the day
before. Irancalled the report"a lie." [7/20 WP]
The ICO mediationcommittee announced that
ICO PresidentDawdaJawarawould visit Iranand
Iraq. [7/20NYT]
July 20: MoroccanKing Hassan II said guerrillas
operatingout of Mauritaniahad attacked Moroc-
can positions in Dakhlain the Western Saharaon
July 13 and 19, and warned Mauritaniathat Mo-
rocco would use the rightof pursuitif the situation
continued.[7/22-23LM]
July 21: The Polisariosaid its forces had killed 73
Moroccantroopsin attacksin the Dakhlaand Bou
Craaregionsearlierin the week. It officiallydenied
it had mountedattacks on Moroccantroops frorn
Mauritania.[7/23FBIS]
July 22: Iraq claimed its helicopter gunships in-
flicted heavy casualtieson Iranianpositions along
the southern front. Iran said a limited Iraqi of-
fensive along the northernfront on July 20 had
been repelled. [7/23WP]
July26: Iranreportedit shot down an Iraqiplanein
Iranianairspace in the Gulf. Both Iran and Iraq
said they had inflictedheavy casualties in ground
fightingon the northernand southernfronts. [7/27
NYT]
Iraqdenied that one of its planes had been shot
down over Gulf waters. [7/27 FBIS]
Japanese oil industry sources said Iranian oil
exportshad risen to an averageof 1.9mbarrelsper
day duringJuly. [7/27NYT]
July 31: Three ships were reported slightly dam-
aged by explosions in the Gulf of Suez on July
27-30. [8/1 WP]
Agence France Presse reported that the Islamic
107
Aug. 4: A US State Departmentofficial said 15
ships had sustainedminordamagein explosionsin
the Gulfof Suez or in the Bab al-Mandabsince late
July. [8/5 NYT]
Aug. 5: A Liberian-registeredtankerwas severely
damagedby an explosion in the southernRed Sea.
[8/6 NYT]
Kuwaiti Foreign Minister Shaykh Sabah
al-AhmadAl $abah returnedfrom visits to Libya
and Syria where he reportedlydiscussed the Iran-
Iraqwar. [8/8 WP]
The IranianMinisterfor RevolutionaryGuards
said in Damascusthat Iranwould not attacktank-
ers in the Gulf and would not widen the Iran-Iraq
war, accordingto the officialSyrianpress agency.
[8/6 NYT]
Aug. 7: Iran's state-runTehranRadio praisedthe
mine explosions in the Red Sea, saying they were
carried out by the Islamic Jihad organization.
Prime Minister Mir Husayn Musavi denied that
Iranwas involved. [8/8 WP]
The US dispatched2 minesweepinghelicopters
and 200 militarypersonnelto the Red Sea to search
for the cause of recent explosions. [8/8 WP]
A Greek supertankerwas damaged by Iraqi
warplanessouth of KhargIsland. Iran said one of
its warplanesshot down an Iraqijet. [8/8 WP]
Aug. 8: Iran accused the US and Israel of placing
mines in the Red Sea in order to discredit the
Iraniangovernment.[8/9 NYT]
Aug. 9: AyatallahRuihallahKhumaynidenounced
the reportedminingof the Red Sea and criticized
TehranRadiofor implyingsupportfor the mining.
[8/10 NYT]
Iraqi warplanesattacked an Iranianoil-loading
platformsouth of KhargIsland. [8/10 NYT]
Aug. 10: EgyptianPresidentHusni Mubaraksaid
Iran and Libya might be responsible for recent
explosions in the Red Sea. [8/11NYT]
Iraq said its naval forces destroyed a "small
naval target." [8/1l NYT]
Aug. 11: Iraq said its forces had destroyed5 ships
and shot down 3 IranianF-14jet fightersin a major
air and naval battle in the northern Gulf. [8/12
NYT]
A Polish cargo ship was damagedby a mine at
the southernentranceto the Red Sea. [8/12NYT]
Aug. 12: Libya denied responsibilityfor the plant-
ing of mines in the Red Sea. (8/13NYT]
The US sent 3 minesweeping helicopters to
SaudiArabiato widen the searchfor the source of
Red Sea explosions. [8/14NYT]
Aug. 13: King Hassan II and LibyanHead of State
Mu'ammaral-Qadhdhafisigned a treaty in Oujda,
Morocco establishinga unionof the two countries,
subjectto approvalby the people of each country.
[8/15 WP]
Lloyds of London said 16 ships had been dam-
aged by explosives in the Red Sea andGulfof Suez
since early July. [8/15 FBIS]
108
Egyptian President Mubaraksaid he believed
Libyaalone was responsiblefor layingminesin the
Red Sea. [8/14NYT]
Aug. 14: British and French minesweepers and
supportvessels enteredthe Gulf of Suez to search
for mines. [8/15NYT]
Aug. 15: Two more ships reported being hit by
explosions in the Red Sea. [8/16 WSJ]
Aug. 16:A Pakistanioil tankerreportedlywas fired
at in the Gulf by Iranianwarplanes.[8/17 WP]
A Cypriotfreighterwas damagedby an explo-
sion in the lower Red Sea. [8/17WP]
Peru became the 57th state to recognize the
SahrawiArab DemocraticRepublic. [8/17 FBIS]
Aug. 17: Iranian Majlis Speaker 'Ali Akbar
HashimiRafsanjanisaid Iranwould delay trafficin
the Straitof Hormuzif Egypt or its allies harassed
its ships in the Suez Canal. [8/18NYT]
Iran and Iraq accused each other of shelling
civiliansin AbadanandBasraduringthe previous2
days. [8/18WP]
Aug. 18: A Panamanianoil tankerwas reportedly
hit by a missile northeastof Qatarin the central
PersianGulf. [8/19NYT]
Aug. 19: Iranian newspapers reported that the
governmenthad sent thousands of volunteers to
the front with Iraqand that a new offensive might
be launchedafter the expirationof a deadlinefor
Iraqto meet Iraniandemands. [8/20 NYT]
Aug. 21: A senior Egyptian militaryofficial said
Egyptiansuspicionsthat the Libyanship Ghat was
responsiblefor miningthe Red Sea were "almost
confirmed."[8/22NYT]
The AlgerianNational LiberationFront (FLN)
reaffirmedits supportfor the Polisario,and said a
"greaterMaghrib"could not be set up unless the
Western Sahara enjoyed its full national rights.
[8/24MEED]
Aug. 23: Two Soviet ships passedthroughthe Suez
Canalto join 3 others alreadysearchingfor mines
near the Straitof Bab al-Mandab.[8/25 WPI
Iraq claimed its warplanes hit a "large naval
target" south of KhargIsland. [8/24NYT]
Aug. 24: The Cypriot-registeredoil tanker Am-
ethyst was set ablaze southwest of Kharg Island
after being struck by a missile. In Iraq a military
spokesmansaid Iraqijets had hit a "large naval
target." [8/25 NYT]
Two French minesweepersended their mission
after findingSaudi Arabianwaters free of mines.
[8/27FBIS]
Aug. 26: At a meeting in BaghdadArab League
Secretary General Chadli Klibi and the foreign
ministersof Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Jordan, Mo-
rocco, Tunisia, Iraq and North Yemen failed to
agreeon proposalsto persuadeoil importingcoun-
tries not to buy Iraniancrude oil. [8/28WP]
Aug. 27: The PanamaniantankerCleo I was struck
by a rocket northeastof Qatar. Shippingsources
suggestedIranwas responsiblefor the attack. [8/28
WP]
Aug. 28: An Italian minehuntingsquadronjoined workers were injured in a September 22 Iraqi
US, French and Britishnaval forces searchingthe attackon BandarKhomeini.[9/30 NYT]
Red Sea for mines. [8/29 WP] Oct. 2: US Secretaryof State GeorgeShultzhosted
Moroccan Ministerof State Moulay Ahmed al- a workingluncheonin New York in honorof GCC
Alaoui said in an editorialthat in signinga treaty foreignministers.[10/3FBIS]
with Morocco Libya had formallyrecognizedMo- Oct. 3: The US State Departmentsaid that "per-
roccan sovereignty over the Western Saharaand suasive circumstantialevidence" indicated that
withdrawn its support for guerrillas fighting for Libya was involved in miningthe entrancesto the
independenceof the territory.[8/29 NYT] Red Sea. [10/4NYT]
Sept. 9: Ayatallah Khumayni reiterated that he Oct. 8: Iraqiwarplanesattackedand set ablaze the
would not compromisewith Iraq to end the Gulf Greek-ownedWorldKnightsupertankersouthwest
war. [9/10 WP] of KhargIsland,killing6 crewmembers.Iraqsaidit
Sept. 10: Iraq said its warplaneshit a "largenaval had attacked2 naval targets. [10/9NYT]
target" south of KhargIsland. [9/11 WP] Oct. 10: GCC military forces began Peninsula
Sept. 11: Iraq said it had attacked2 naval targets Shield II joint militaryexercises in Saudi Arabia.
south of KhargIsland. The Norwegian-ownedsu- [10/11FBIS]
pertanker St. Tobias reported being hit by an Britain protested to Iraq over its October 8
Exocet missile. [9/12 WP] attack on an oil tankerin which 2 British officers
Sept. 12: Iraq said its warplaneshad destroyed a were killed. [10/I WP]
4-ship "enemy convoy" in the northernPersian Oct. 12: Shipping sources said an Iranian jet
Gulf. Hours later it reportedhittinga naval target bombed the Indian oil tanker Jagpari in neutral
south of KhargIsland. [9/13 NYT] waters south of the Gulf war zone. [10/13NYT]
Sept. 13: Iraq claimed it had set afirea "medium- The Greek-ownedgas tankerGas Fountainwas
sized vessel" northwestof KhargIsland. Shipping attacked and set on fire in the central Gulf by
sources said a supply vessel was destroyed. [9/14 warplanesbelieved to be Iranian.[10/14NYT]
NYT] King Hassan II acknowledgedthat his proposal
Sept. 15:Britainsaid 11crewmenwere killedin the for a specialArabsummitin Moroccohad failed to
September12 Iraqiattackon a supplyvessel. [9/16 win majority support among Arab leaders and
NYT] would not be held. [10/13WP]
Sept. 16: The Liberian-registeredoil tanker Oct. 14: The Polisario reported a new offensive
Medheronwas damagedby a missile in the south- begunthe day before in which they said 4 Moroc-
ern Gulf, and the Sri Lankan-ownedtankerRoyal can positions south of Zag were stormed. 110/16
Columbo, was hit near Iran's Lavan Island oil FBIS]
terminal, both apparentlyby Iranian warplanes. Oct. 15: Iraq said its warplanes had attacked a
[9/17 WP] "very large naval target" south of Kharg Island.
Iransaid it had set ablazean Iraqioil installation [10/16NYT]
in the northernend of the Gulf. It also claimedto
have killed or wounded 110 Iraqitroops in border
fighting.[9/17 NYT]
Sept. 19: GCC defense and foreign ministersap-
proved a joint defense charter in a meeting in
Abha, Saudi Arabia. [9/21 NYT]
Afghanistan
Sept. 20: A Saudi Arabianpassengership was hit (See also, Pakistan,South Yemen)
by an explosion in the Gulf of Suez. [9/21WP]
Iraqsaid it hadattackedoil installationsat Kharg 1984
Island. [9/21 WP] July 17:The WashingtonPost reportedthat Soviet
Sept. 22: Iraqattackeda petrochemicalplantin thetroops had massacredat least 360 Afghancivilians
Iranianport of BandarKhomeini.[9/23WP] in 3 villages near Qandaharon October 12, 1983,
The Netherlandsannounced2 of its ships had accordingto witnesses. [7/17 WP]
enteredthe Red Sea to searchfor mines. [9/23WP] July 23: Rebel leaderShah RukhGranappealedin
Sept. 26: The foreign ministerof Japanoutlineda New York for more arms, and said cooperation
proposedagreementto end the Iran-Iraqwar dur- amongrebel groupshad increased. [7/24 NYT]
ing a speech to the UN GeneralAssembly. [9/28 July 24: Official sources in Pakistan and India
WP] reportednew Soviet offensives begunthe previous
Sept. 29: King Hassan II proposed that an emer- week in Logar Valley, Shomali Valley and Herat
gency Arab summit be held in Morocco to avoid Province, which were said to be accompaniedby
"escalating tensions" followingJordan'sresump- heavy bombingof villages. [7/25 NYT]
tion of ties with Egypt. [10/1 FBIS] July 26: The US House of RepresentativesAp-
Iraq said it attacked a petrochemicalcomplex propriationsCommitteeapproved$50m in covert
under construction at Bandar Khomeini. Mitsui aid to Afghan rebels, according to intelligence
company officials revealed that several Japanese sources. [7/27 WSJ]

109
July 31: Westerndiplomaticsources reportedthat
heavy fightinghad brokenout in PanjshirValley in
the previous 2 weeks when a Soviet attempt to
move deeper into the valley was foiled by rebels.
[8/1 FBIS]
Aug. 3: Kabul Radio announced that President
Babrak Karmal had returnedto Afghanistanfol-
lowinga medicalcheckupin the Soviet Union. [8/6
FBIS]
Aug. 7: Threehundredciviliansand 200 Soviet and
Afghan troops were reportedlykilled in the third
week of fightingin PanjshirValley, ShomaliValley
and Logar Valley. [8/8 NYT]
Aug. 11: Officialsources in Pakistanreportedthat
an Afghan army unit of 80 men had defected and
joined the armedresistence. [8/14 LM]
Aug. 21: Westerndiplomatsand Afghanexiles said
Soviet troops killed at least 29 Afghancivilianson
August 5 in a village near the Pakistaniborderin
retaliationfor a guerrillaattackon a Soviet position
the day before. [8/22 WP]
Aug. 27: Afghan rebel leaders Gulbuddin
Hikmatyar of Hizb-i-Islami and Burhanuddin
Rabbaniof Jamiat-i-Islamicalled on theirfollowers
to join forces againstSoviet troops in Afghanistan.
[8/28 NYT]
The foreign ministersof Afghanistanand Paki-
stan met separately in Geneva with a UN inter-
mediary in talks on a political settlement to the
Afghanwar. [8/28 NYT]
Aug. 28: Westerndiplomatssaid nearly 50 Soviet
helicoptershad left Kabulfor a new drive against
rebels near the Pakistaniborder in southeastern
Afghanistan.[8/29 NYT]
Aug. 30: The thirdroundof talks betweenAfghani-
stanand Pakistanadjournedin Genevawithno sign
of progress. [8/31 WP]
Aug. 31: Twenty-eight people were killed by a
bomb explosion at Kabul airport, according to
Westerndiplomats.[9/6 LM]
Sept. 1: Afghanrebel leaders said a tribalchieftain
who had supported the Afghan governmenthad
defected and entered Pakistan with several hun-
dred followers. [9/2 NYT]
Sept. 6: Western diplomatsreportedthat at least
100 Soviet soldiers were killed the previousweek
in a rebel ambushsouth of SalangPass, and thatas
many as 170Soviet troops were accidentallykilled
on August 23 and 24 south of Kabul by Soviet
helicoptergunships. Afghangovernmentradio re-
portedthat 554 rebels were killedin the provinceof
Wardak.[9/5 JP]
Sept. 11:WesterndiplomatssaidAfghanrebelshad
apparentlyregained control of the upper part of
Soviet-occupiedPanjshirValley. [9/12NYT]
Sept. 17: Afghantroops reportedlyclashedwith an
Iranianborderforce which enteredAfghanistanin
Nimruz province [9/18 FBIS]
Sept. 18: Western diplomats said Soviet forces
trying to capture rebel leader Ahmad Shah Mas-
110
soud had killed200 to 300 of his forces on Septem-
ber 5 in the upperPanjshirValley. [9/19 NYT]
Sept. 19: Afghan rebel sources said French tele-
vision reporterJacquesAboucharwas capturedon
September 17 by Soviet troops as he entered
Afghanistanfrom Pakistan.[10/20FBIS]
Sept. 22: An Afghan air force transport plane
landed in Pakistan and those aboard asked to
defect. [9/23JP]
An Afghanairlineron a domestic flight was hit
and damagedby Afghanrebels. [9/25 WP]
Oct. 1: Afghanistandenied Pakistanicharges that
its planeshad killed 33 people in a bombingraidin
Pakistan.[10/2NYT]
Oct. 2: Western diplomats said 40 to 50 Afghan
soldierk.werekilled in a rebel attack in Kabul on
September24. Over 200 civilians were reported
wounded in a September 17 battle in Wardak
provincesouth of Kabul. [10/3JP]
Oct. 4: KabulRadio reportedthat 9 Afghanrebels
were sentenced to death and one to 15 years in
prison for an August 31 bombing of the Kabul
airport that officials said killed 13 people. [10/5
NYT]
Oct. 9: Western diplomatssaid the Soviet Union
may have sent as many as 70,000 new troops into
Afghanistanto combat rebel attacks in Kabuland
to seal the borderswith Iran and Pakistan. [10/10
NYT]
Algeria
(See also, RegionalAffairs,Morocco)
1984
Aug. 13: Libyan Head of State Mu'ammaral-
Qadhdhafi held talks with President Chadli
Benjedidduringa briefvisit to Algeriafollowinghis
trip to Morocco. [8/14FBIS]
Aug. 26: SyrianPresidentHafiz al-Asad met with
PresidentBenjedidin Algiers. [8/27JP]
Sept. 6: Seven Muslimfundamentalistswere sen-
tenced to up to 8 years in prisonin connectionwith
a November 1982 clash between rival student
groupsat Ben-AknounUniversity. [9/8 LM]
Sept. 9: An Iranian delegation led by President
Hujat al-Islam'All Khaman'iarrivedin Algierson
a "workingand friendship"visit. [9/10 FBIS]
Sept. 16:PresidentBenjedidparticipatedin summit
talks with MauritanianPresident Khouna Ould
Haydala and Malien President General Moussa
Traorein Nouakchott.[9/17 FBIS]
Sept. 18: South Yemen's President 'All Nasir
Muhammad arrived in Algiers for talks with
Benjedid.[9/19 FBIS]
Bahrain
(See, RegionalAffairs)
Cyprus
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict)
1984
July20: GreekCypriotsobserveda 15-minutework
stoppage in a day of mourningon the 10th an-
niversary of the Turkish invasion. Celebrations
were held in the Turkishsector. [7/21 LM]
July 23: President Spiros Kiprianou said the
Cyprusgovernmentwas ready to cooperatewith a
UN initiative to solve the Cyprus dispute. [7/27
MEED]
Aug. 7: UN Secretary General Javier Perez de
Cuellar completed separate consultations in
Vienna with Greek and Turkish Cypriot repre-
sentatives. [8/9 LM]
Sept. 1: Greek and TurkishCypriotsapprovedthe
workingpoints of a new UN peace initiative. [9/2
NYT]
Sept. 9: UN-sponsored proximity talks between
Greek Cypriot President Kiprianouand Turkish
Cypriot leader Rauf Denktash, mediated by UN
Secretary-GeneralPerez de Cuellaropenedin New
York. [9/11 NYT]
Sept. 20: Indirect talks between Kiprianouand
Denktash ended without any apparentprogress.
Further discussions were scheduled for October
15. [9/21 NYT]
Oct. 4: In an addressto the UN GeneralAssembly
Turkish Foreign Minister Vahit Halefoglu urged
Turkish and Greek Cypriots to engage in direct
negotiations.[10/5 NYT]
Egypt
(See also, Regional Affairs, Jordan, Libya, Aug. 16: A 5-story building in residential Cairo
Syria)
1984
July 16: Acting Prime MinisterKamal Hasan 'All [8/24FBIS]
announced the resignationof his Cabinet. Presi- Sept. 6: The Cairo daily al-Ahramreported that
dent MuhammadHusni Mubarakappointeda new Egypt had rejected an offer by Libyan leader
cabinet:
Mustafa Kamal Hilmi: Deputy Prime Minister,
Higher Education and Scientific Research
Muhammad'Abd al-HalimAbu Ghazala:Deputy pilot who defected 3 monthsearlier. [9/7 MEED]
Prime Minister and Defense and War Production
Ahmad 'Ismat 'Abd al-Majid:Foreign Minister
MuhammadSalah al-Din Hamid:Finance
Amal 'Uthman: Social Insurance and Social Af-
fairs
Hasaballah Muhammadal-Kafrawi:Reconstruc- clash between policemen and demonstratorspro-
tion, New Societies, and Land Reclamation
Sa'd Muhammad Ahmad: Manpower and Training
AhmadMamdfih'Atiyyah:Justice
SulaymanMutawalliSulayman:Transport,Com-
munications and Maritime Transport
Muhammad Mahir Abazah: Electricity and Energy
Muhammad'Abd al-HamidRadwan:Culture
MuhammadSafwatal-Sharif:Information
MuhammadSabrIZaki:Health
Kamal Ahmad al-Janzuri: Planning 'wid Inter-
national Cooperation
Hasan SulaymanAbuiBasha:Local Government
Yuisuf Amin Wall: Agriculture and Food Security
Muhammad Wajih Shindi: Tourism and Civil A via-
tion
MustfaKamilal-Sa'idIbrahim:Economyand For-
eign Trade
Tawfiq 'Abduh Ismaidl: People's Assembly and
Consultative Council Affairs
MuhammadNaji MuhammadShatlah:Supplyand
Internal Trade
AhmadRushdi:Interior
'Isam Radi 'Abd al-HamidRadi:Irrigation
MuhammadFaraj'Abd al-Wahhab:Industry
'Abd al-Hadi MuhammadQandil:Petroleum and
Mineral Resources
'Atif Muhammad 'Ubayd: Cabinet Affairs and
Adminstrative Development
'Abdal-Salam'Abdal-Qadir'Abd al-Ghaffar:Edu-
cation
Hasan 'Abd al-Fattah Sidqi: Housing and Utilities
Muhammad al-Ahmadi Abu al-Nur: Religious
Trusts
Albert Barsum Salamah: Minister of State for
Emigration and Egyptians Abroad
Butrus Butrus Ghali: Minister of State for Foreign
Affairs
Jamal al-Sayyid Ibrahim: Minister of State for War
Production [7/17 FBIS]
Aug. 14:A protocolbetween Egyptand Turkeyfor
bilateralmilitarycooperationin the area of joint
industrializationwas signed duringa visit to Cairo
by TurkishDefense MinisterZeki Yavuzturk.[8/15
FBIS]
collapsed, killingat least 26 people. [8/24 MEED]
Aug. 24: Sudanese President Ja'far al-Numayri
arrivedin Cairofor talks with PresidentMubarak.
Mu'ammaral-Qadhdhafiof $5 billion in returnfor
coolingrelationswith Israelandreturninga Libyan
Sept. 29: The People's Assembly extended for 19
months the state of emergency imposed in 1981.
[10/1NYT]
Sept. 30: Three people were reportedkilled and 26
injuredin Kafral-Dawar,nearAlexandria,duringa
testingfood price rises. [10/1 NYT]
IH
 One hundredseven Islamicextremistswere sen-
tenced to 2 to 25 years of hard labor and 174
acquitted on charges of trying to overthrow the
governmentafter the assassinationof Sadat. [10/1
WP]
Oct. 1: Mubarakcancelledfood price rises follow-
ing riotingin Kafr al-Dawar.[10/2WP]
The People's Assembly approved a bill with-
drawing Egypt from the 1971 Union of Arab Re-
publicslinkingEgypt, Libyaand SyriEa.[10/2FBIS]
Oct. 2: In an interview in al-Akhbar Mubarak
accused Libya of having plotted to attack the
Aswan Dam and Suez Canal. [10/3 NYT]
Oct. 3: Saudi ArabianOil Minister Shaykh Zaki
AhmadYamanimet with Mubarakirnhis capacity
as an OPEC spokesman, the first official visit to
Egypt by a Saudi ministersince 1979. [10/4NYT]
Oct. 4: Mubarakrejected a proposal by Israeli
PrimeMinisterShimonPeres that the two leaders
hold a summit meeting on the Egyptian-Israeli
border. [10/4 FBIS]
Oct. 15:Mubarakand SudanesePresidentNumayri
praised Jordan for re-establishingrelations with
Egyptin speeches at the openingof the Nile Valley
Parliamentin Cairo. [10/16FBIS]
Iran
(See also, Regional Affairs, Afghanistan,
Algeria, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Syria)
1984
July 18: Two men pleadedguiltyand 3 others were
indicted in New York for illegally exportingarms
to Iran. [7/19 WP]
July 22: West German Foreign Minister Hans-
DietrichGenschersaid at the end of a 2-dayofficial
visit to Tehran that Iran wished tc re-establish
contacts with the West. [7/23 WP]
InteriorMinister'Ali AkbarNatiq Nirn warned
Iraniansagainsttakingthe law into theirown hands
when enforcinga dress code. [7/23NYT]
July 24: Police in Spain arrested 4 [ranianssus-
pected of planningan attack on a Saudi Arabian
aircraftand on opponents of the Iraniangovern-
ment, and of havingcarriedout a rocket attackon
the US embassy in Spain the year before. [7/25
WP]
July 25: Some 20,000 people participatedin an
officialdemonstrationsupportingIslamicdress for
women. [7/27 LM]
July 26: Spain expelled an Iranian diplomat ac-
cused of involvementwith 4 Iraniansarrestedfor
terroristactivities. [7/27 NYT]
July 28: Iran claimedto have taken controlof 200
kilometers in Iranian Kurdistan near the Iraqi
border. [8/1 LM]
112
July 29: Iranreportedheavy fightingbetween gov-
ernmentforces and Kurdishrebels in Azerbaijan
Province. [7/30 NYT]
July 31: An Air Francejetliner was hijackedby 3
men who demandedto be flown to Iran. [8/1 NYT]
Aug. 1: Threehijackersof an Air Francejet which
landedin Iranthreatenedto begin killinghostages
unless the Frenchgovernmentreleased5 prisoners
jailed in France for attempting to assassinate
former Prime Minister Shapfir Bakhtiarin 1980.
[8/2 WP]
Aug. 2: The 3 hijackers of an Air France jet
released its passengersand crew and surrendered
to securitymen at Tehranairportafter blowingup
the plane's cockpit. [8/3 WP]
Aug. 3: President Hujat al-Islam 'All Khaman'i
warnedFrancethat it shouldexpect furtheracts of
terrorismif it did not change its policies toward
Iran. [8/4 NYT]
Aug. 4: A foreign ministryspokesmansaid the 3
hijackersof an Air Francejet hadrequestedasylum
in Iran. [8/5 WP]
Aug. 5: PrimeMinisterMir Husayn Musavi won a
parliamentaryvote of confidence. [8/6 WP]
Aug. 7: Twenty-fivedrugtraffickerswere executed
in Tehran,bringingthe total to morethan 100since
May. [8/10MEED]
Aug. 8: Two Iraniansopposed to the Iraniangov-
ernmentwho hijackedan Iranianairlinerthe night
before surrenderedto police in Rome. [8/9 NYT]
Aug. 14: Foreign Affairs Minister 'All Akbar
ValayatiurgedIranto abandonits presentforeign
policy and take a more active and positive ap-
proachto diplomacy.[8/17MEED]
Aug. 15: The Majlisapproved15 cabinet ministers
in individualconfidence votes but dismissed the
ministersof defense, health, education, industry
and culture & higher education. Sarraj al-Din
Kaziruniwas namedhousingminister,Muhammad
Muhammadiwas namedintelligenceminister,and
Hasan Habib! was named justice minister. [8/16
NYT]
Aug. 17: The Iranianpress agency said Iran had
issued a "final warning" to Kurdish rebels to
surrenderand receive pardonsor face death in a
"greatpurgingoperation." [8/18NYT]
Aug. 20: The Majlisapprovedthe nominationsof
IrajFazl as ministerof culture& highereducation,
'All Riza Marandias health minister,and Ghulam
Riza Shafa'i as industries minister, and allowed
PrimeMinisterMusavi to take over responsibility
for the defense and education ministries for 2
months. [8/20 FBIS]
Aug. 22: An American of Iranian descent was
indictedin Californiaon charges of illegally ship-
ping militaryequipmentto Iranfrom 1981through
1983. [8/23WP]
A Baha'lspokesmanin New Yorksaida member
of the Baha'ifaith had been executed the previous
week in Iran and 25 others were under death
sentences. [8/24JP]
Aug. 23: A carbombexplosion in a Tehranstreet
during rush hour killed at least 17 people and
injured300. [8/24 WP]
Aug. 24: Majlis Speaker 'All Akbar Hashimi
Rafsanjaniblamed "terroristleaders living under
Frenchsupport"for the bombingin Tehranthe day
before. [8/25 WP]
Aug. 26: Ayatallah Ruhallah Khumaynisaid the
people and bazaarmerchantsshould have a bigger
role in runningthe economy. [8/30WP]
Aug. 28: An unarmedIraniancouple hijackedan
Iran Air jetliner to Iraq, where they asked for
politicalasylum. [8/29 WP]
Aug. 30: Two Iraniansflew an F-4 jet to Iraq and
were grantedpoliticalasylum. [8/31NYT]
Sept. 6: The Iraniannews agency reportedthat 3
people were injured in 2 carbomb explosions in
Tehran. [9/27 FBIS]
Sept. 8: Gunmenhijackedan Iran Air jetliner and
forced it to fly to Bahrain,Cairoand then Iraq.[9/9
WP]
Sept. 19: The US asked the American-Iranian
claims tribunal to dismiss 2 Iranianjudges who
attacked a Swedish judge on September3. [9/20
NYT]
Sept. 27: The Iranianambassadorto the Nether-
lands was injured by Kurdish protestors who
seized the Iranianembassyin the Hague.[9/28WP]
Iraq
(See also, RegionalAffairs,Iran)
1984
July 16: PresidentSaddamHusayn said Iraqmust
have "practical guarantees" from the US that
Israel would not attack its proposed oil pipeline
through Jordan, before Iraq would proceed with
the project. [7/17 WP]
July 29: The WashingtonPost reported that au-
tonomy negotiationsbetween the governmentand
a leader of the Kurdishrebellionin northernIraq,
underwaysince November 1983,had brokendown
in May 1984and remainedfrozen. [7/29 WP]
August6: IraqandTurkeysigneda protocolfor the
constructionof a second crudeoil pipelinethrough
Turkey. [8/13 MEES]
Sept. 5: A Kurdish rebel spokesman said 105
people, most of them Iraqisoldiers, were killed in
6 days of fightingin IraqiKurdistan.[9/6 WP]
Sept. 9: Iraqgrantedasylum to 2 Iranianmen and
their 3 family memberswho hijackedan Iran Air
jetliner to Iraq the day before. [9/10 FBIS]
Sept. 16: The Iraqi News Agency reported that
Iraqi security guards killed 3 Iranians who at-
tempted to hijack a plane over Syria the day
before. [9/17 WP]
Oct. 2: Ministerof State for ForeignAffairsHamid
'Alwan was dismissed by a presidentialdecree.
[10/3FBIS]
Oct. 12: President $addam Husayn said in an
interviewhe was readyto considerreestablishment
of diplomaticrelationswith the US afterthe Ameri-
can presidentialelections. [10/13NYT]
Israel
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Regional
Affairs,Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey)
1984
July 23: National parliamentaryelections were
held. [7/23 NYT]
July 24: Politicalpartiesin Israelbegannegotiating
for coalition partnersfollowing inconclusive elec-
tion results. [7/25 NYT]
Kach party leader Rabbi Meir Kahane said his
condition for joining a coalition governmentwas
amnesty for Jews charged with or convicted of
terrorism.[7/25NYT]
July 26: Final election results were announced:
Labor:44 seats
Likud:41
Tehiya:5
NationalReligiousParty:4
SephardicTorahGuardians:4
Communist:4
Shinui:3
Citizens'RightsMovement:3
Yahad:3
AgudatYisrael:2
Morasha:2
ProgressiveList for Peace: 2
Tami: 1
Ometz: I
Kach: 1
[7/27CSM]
July 27: The numbertwo man on the Kach party
Knesset list was convicted of involvement in a
shootingattackon ArabsnearRamallahin March.
[7/29JP]
July 29: The Sephardic Torah Guardians party
announcedit wouldjoin a coalitionwith the Likud
party. [7/30WP]
Aug. 1: PrimeMinisterYitzhakShamirand Labor
Alignment leader Shimon Peres began talks on
forminga governmentof nationalunity. [8/2 WP]
Aug. 4: Seven thousandJews and Arabs protested
in Ummal-Fahmagainsta proposedvisit by Rabbi
Meir Kahane.[8/5 WP]
Aug. 5: LaborleaderPeres was asked by President
ChaimHerzog to form a government.[8/6 NYT]
Aug. 13: The newly elected Knesset was sworn in
as 2,000 demonstratorsprotested the seating of
Meir Kahane. [8/14JP]
113
Aug. 22: Ezer Weizmansignedan agreementto ally
his Yahad party with the Labor Alignment.[8/23
NYT]
Aug. 23: The Tamipartyandthe NationalReligious
Partydeclined to join a LaborAlignmentcoalition
government.[8/24 WP]
Aug. 25: Israeli government officials denied any
Israeli role in militarytrainingaid to Sri Lanka.
[8/26 NYT]
Aug. 26: President Herzog gave Peres a 3-week
extension of his mandateto form a coalition gov-
ernment[8/27 WP]
Aug. 29: Hundredsof Israelipolice barredKahane
and his supportersfromenteringthe Arabvillageof
Umm al-Fahm. Eight policemen were injuredin
riotingwhich followed. [8/30 WP]
Aug. 31: Peres and Shamirwere reportedto have
agreed in principleto a nationalunity government
with Peres to serve as primeministerfor the first25
months followed by Shamir.[8/31NYT]
Sept. 2: Peres and Shamir said serious obstacles
were blocking the formationof a national unity
government.[9/3 NYT]
Sept. 6: Belize and Israel announcedthe establish-
ment of diplomaticrelations. [9/7 FBIS]
The Mapamparty voted to end its alliancewith
the Labor partyonce a nationalunity government
was formed. [9/10WP]
Sept. 10: The US agreedto lease 12 IsraeliKfirCl
warplanesto train US Navy pilots. [9/10WP]
Sept. 11: The Likudbloc agreedin principleto join
a coalitiongovernmentwith the Laborparty. [9/12
NYT]
Sept. 14:The Knesset approvedthe governmentof
national unity and Peres was sworn in as prime
minister:
Shimon Peres, Labor: Prime Minister, Interior,
and Religious Affairs
Yitzhak Shamir, Likud: Foreign Ministerand al-
ternatePrime Minister
YitzhakRabin, Labor:Defense
YitzhakModai, Likud:Finance
Yitzhak Navon, Labor: Education and Culture,
and Deputy Prime Minister
David Levy, Likud: Housing and Construction,
and Deputy Prime Minister
Ariel Sharon, Likud:Industryand Trade
Moshe Arens, Likud: WithoutPortfolio
Yosef Burg, National Religious Party: Without
Portfolio
Haim Bar-Lev, Labor:Police
MordechaiGur, Labor:Health
Ezer Weizman, Yahad: Minister in the Prime
Minister'soffice
Gad Yaacobi, Labor:EconomicPlanning
Moshe Nissim, Likud:Justice
Yigal Hurvitz, Ometz: WithoutPortfolio
YitzhakPeretz, SephardicTorahGuardians:With-
out Portfolio
Gideon Patt, Likud:Science and Development
Yaacov Zur, Labor:ImmigrantAbsorption
114
HaimCorfu, Likud: Transport
Moshe Katzav, Likud:Labor and Welfare
AmnonRubenstein,Shinui:Communications
Moshe Shahal, Labor:Energy
Yosef Shapira,Morasha:WithoutPortfolio
AvrahanSharir,Likud: Tourism
Aryeh Nehemkin,Labor:Agriculture
[9/14WP]
Sept. 16: Israel devalued the shekel by 9 per cent
and announcedan austerityplan to cut the budget
by $1 billion. [9/17 NYT]
Sept. 19: The US asked the Israeli governmentto
present it with a budget-cuttingplan before re-
questinga rise in US economic aid. [9/20 NYT]
Oct. 2: The governmentimposeda 6-monthban on
importsof 50 luxury products.[10/3 NYT]
Oct. 9: Prime MinisterPeres held talks with US
PresidentRonaldReaganduringa week-long visit
to the US. [10/10WP]
Oct. 15: The Israeli governmentsaid the US had
agreedto a postponementin the repaymentof $500
million in Israel's debt. US governmentofficials
said no such agreementhad been reached. [10/16
WP]
Jordan
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Iraq, Libya,
Syria)
1984
August3: Two people were slightlyinjuredwhen a
bomb exploded at a US embassy warehouse in
Amman.[8/5 NYT]
Sept. 18: King Husayn met with British Prime
Minister Margaret Thatcher in London. [9/19
FBIS]
Sept. 25: Jordanannouncedit was restoringdiplo-
matic relationswith Egypt. [9/26 NYT]
Oct. 9: EgyptianPresidentHusni Mubarakbegana
3-day state visit to Jordan.[10/10WP]
Kuwait
(See also, RegionalAffairs)
1984
July 18: The Kuwaitigovernmentissued bonds to
creditorshurt in the 1982collapse of the Manakh
stock market.[7/19WSJ]
July 23: The US Defense Departmenttold Con-
gress it intendedto providetrainingto 150Kuwaiti
pilots. [7/23 NYT]
Aug. 6: An anonymouscaller claimingto represent
the Islamic Jihad said that organizationwas re-
sponsiblefor the attemptedshootingof the owner
of the Kuwaiti newspaper al-Anba in Spain the
night before. [8/7 WP]
Aug. 15: Kuwait and the Soviet Union signed a
major arms agreement to improve Kuwait's air
defenses. [8/16 WP]
Aug. 16: Kuwait announcedit had broken diplo-
matic relations with Liberia following Liberia's
resumptionof relationswith Israel. [8/16FBIS]
Oct. 3: A KuwaitinewspaperquotedDefense Min-
ister Shaykh Salim Al $abah as saying "no more
than 10" Soviet militaryadvisorswould be sent to
Kuwaitin connectionwith a recentSoviet-Kuwaiti
arms purchaseagreement.[10/4 WP]
Lebanon
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Saudi
Arabia, Syria)
1984
July 17: Christian and Muslim militiamen ex-
changedfire across the GreenLine in Beirutin the
first clash since the July 4 ceasefire. [7/19JP]
July 18: The Lebanese government decided to
restore diplomaticrelations with Iran after an 8-
monthbreak. [7/19JP]
July 20: The Soviet embassy in Beirut was dam-
aged by a rocket attack. [7/21 NYT]
July 22: Police said 5 people were wounded in
fightingbetween Christianand Druze militiamen
southeast of Beirut. [7/23 WP]
July 25: The Cabinetannouncedit had endorseda
new security plan that would abolish the Green
Line separatingBeirut. [7/26JP]
July 26: Prime MinisterRashid Karamimet with
Syrian President Hafiz al-Asad in Damascus. He
said before the meetingthat the Lebanesegovern-
ment respected guerrillasfightingIsraeli occupa-
tion troops in southernLebanon. [7/27NYT]
A cease-firewent into effect in Tripolifollowing
2 days of fighting between pro- and anti-Syrian
militias that resulted in over 20 dead and 80
wounded. [7/27 WP]
July 28: Green Line barricades in Beirut were
removedin the second stageof a governmentpeace
plan. [7/29 NYT]
The Lebanese Army and Druze militiamenex-
changed artilleryfire on the Suq al-Gharbridge,
ending a 3-week period of calm in the area. [7/29
WP]
July 30: Fightingbetween Sunniand Druze militia-
men in West Beirutkilled 3 people and injured16.
[7/30 WP]
Aug. 1: The last 2 crossings on the Green Line in
Beirutwere opened. [8/2 CSM]
Aug. 2: Fightingbroke out in Tripoliafter a senior
member of the anti-Syrian Islamic Unification
Movementmilitiawas assassinated. [8/3 WP]
Aug. 4: Businesses in Tripoliclosed for the third
straightday to protest continuedfightingbetween
pro- and anti-Syrianmilitias. [8/5 WP]
Aug. 5: Fighting broke out between Druze and
Christianmilitiamenin the Kharrubregionsouth of
Beirut. [8/7 JP]
Aug. 8: Prime Minister Karami said the govern-
menthadagreedon a compromiseto send the army
into disputed Shuf mountainareas and along the
country's2 majorhighways. [8/9 NYT]
Aug. 9: Three people were killed and 25 wounded
in a bomb blast in West Beirut. [8/10 WP]
Aug. 12: The governmentpublisheda list of over
700 people being held in militaryor police jails.
[8/13NYT]
Aug. 17: Large-scalefightingeruptedbetween the
LebaneseArmyin Suq al-Gharband Druze militia-
men in surroundingtowns, and shells fell on Chris-
tian suburbseast of Beirut. [8/19 NYT]
Aug. 19: Shells landednear the presidentialpalace
in Baabdaduringheavy fightingbetween Christian
and Lebanese Army forces and Druze militiamen
in the Shuf. [8/20NYT]
Aug. 21: At least 30 people were reportedkilled
and 190 wounded in a second day of fighting
between pro- and anti-Syrianmilitias in Tripoli.
[8/22WP]
Aug. 22: Police said 15 people were killed as
fightingin Tripolicontinued.Fightingalso contin-
ued near Suq al-Gharb.[8/23WP]
Aug. 23: ArmyChiefof StaffMajorGeneralNadim
Hakim, the highest-rankingDruze officer, and 6
otherswere killedin a helicoptercrash in northern
Lebanon. [8/24WP]
Fightingin Tripolibetween rivalMuslimmilitias
continuedfor the fourthday. [8/24JP]
Aug. 24: Pro-Iraniangunmenin West Beirutset fire
to the Saudi Arabianconsulate and firedgrenades
at the Britishembassy, causingextensive damage.
[8/25NYT]
Aug.25: Duringa funeralservice for MajorGeneral
Hakim,Druze leaderWalidJunblatdenouncedthe
government of President Amin al-Jumayyiland
called Hakim's death a possible assassination.
[8/26NYT]
Aug. 26: Karami announced a security plan for
Tripoliwhichthe SyrianArmywouldhelp enforce.
In Beirut,4 LebaneseArmy soldiersand I civilian
were woundedand 3 majorGreen Line crossings
closed in fightingbetween Muslimmilitiamenand
LebaneseArmy troops. [8/27WP]
In an interview,WalidJunblatcalledfor negotia-
tions with Israel to end the Israeli occupation of
southernLebanon. [8/28WP]
Aug. 27: A womanwas killedby a sniperin Tripoli
in a violationof the ceasefire. [8/28 WP]
Aug. 28: Heavy fightingbrokeout in Tripoli.Street
battles in West Beirut between Sunni and Shi'i
militiaskilled 2 and wounded3. [8/29 NYT]
115
 Saudi Arabia protested to Lebanon over its
failureto preventthe stormingof the Saudiconsu-
late in Beirut the week before. [8/29CSM]
Aug. 29: Pierre al-Jumayyil,founder and head of
the ChristianPhalangistParty and father of the
Lebanese president, died of a heart attack. [8/30
WP]
Nine people were killed and 20 wounded in
fightingin Tripoli. [8/30JP]
Aug. 30: Heavy fightingbroke out between Druze
and Christian militias in the mountains east of
Beirut. [8/31 WP]
Aug. 31: A general strike was held by Muslimsin
West Beirut and southern Lebanon on the sixth
anniversaryof the disappearanceof Shi'i Imam
Mfisa Sadr. [9/23 LM]
Sept. 5: Four people were killed and 25 injuredby
a carbomb in West Beirut. Education Minister
Salim al-Huss narrowlyescaped injury.[9/6 WP]
Sept. 7: The Middle East Economic Digest re-
portedthat Joseph Hashimwas namedministerof
posts and telecommunications,health and social
affairs, replacingthe late Pierre al-Jumayyil.[9/7
MEED]
Sept. 8: Fightingintensifiedbetween Christianand
Druzemilitiamenin the Kharrubregion.[9/9NYT]
Sept. 12: President Jumayyil agreed to special
Cabinet sessions on political changes and the Is-
raeli occupationof southernLebanonafter Nabih
Birrnand WalidJunblatboycottedthe weeklyCabi-
net meeting. [9/13NYT]
Sept. 13: The Phalangist Party elected Elie
Karamahto succeed the late Pierreal-Jumayyilas
its president. [9/14 WP]
Sept. 15: The American University of Beirut an-
nouncedin New York thatCalvinH. Plimptonhad
been elected president of the university. [9/16
NYT]
Sept. 17: The Lebanese Cabinet began special
meetings on the redistributionof political power
and extendinggovernmentcontrol beyond Beirut.
[9/18 NYT]
Sept. 18: Membersof the Cabinetagreedto order
theirmilitiasto release all theirhostages. Renewed
fightingbroke out in Tripolidespite the announce-
ment by Karamiof a peace plan for the city. [9/19
NYT]
Sept. 20: Cabinet members meeting in a special
session agreedto establisha 16-manconstitutional
reformcommittee. [9/21 FBIS]
Sept. 23: Karami said a Syrian-backedsecurity
plan would go into effect in Tripolion September
25 and the port would returnto governmentcon-
trol. [9/24 NYT]
Sept. 24: Heavy fightingerupted between Druze
and Christianmilitias in the Kharrubarea. [9/25
NYT]
Sept. 26: Rival militias began withdrawingheavy
weapons from Tripoli in accordance with a
ceasefire agreement signed in Damascus. [9/26
MEEDl
116
Sept. 29: Two Muslimmilitiamenwere killedand 3
people were wounded in clashes between militia-
men and LebaneseArmytroops on Beirut'sGreen
Line. [10/1WP]
Oct. 8: The Lebanese Army temporarilyclosed all
crossings between East and West Beirut for the
third day after militiamen set up illegal check-
points. [10/9 WP]
Oct. 9: Junblat announced the formation of the
NationalDemocraticFront, comprisedof the Pro-
gressive SocialistParty,the Arab BaathParty, the
ArabDemocraticFront, the SyrianSocial Nation-
alist Party, and the Lebanese CommunistParty.
[10/10 WP]
The Lebanese Forces militiaelected Fu'ad Abi
Nadirto replaceFadi Fremas its new commander.
[10/10 WP]
Oct. 11: The Spanishambassadorto Lebanonwas
kidnappedin Beirut and later released after Amal
militiaofficialsintervened.[10/11WP]
Oct. 13: Druze and Phalangist militiamen ex-
changedartilleryfirein a 2-hourbattle southeastof
Beirut. [10/14JP]
Libya
(See also, Regional Affairs, Algeria, Egypt,
Morocco, Sudan,Tunisia)
1984
July 26: Libya said its aircraft intercepted and
chasedaway severalUS warplaneswhichoverflew
the Gulf of Sidra. [7/30FBIS]
Norway accused Libyan authoritiesof killing a
Norwegiansailor duringquestioningin May. [7/27
WP]
July 28: The governmentannouncedit was carry-
ing out large-scale militarymaneuversusing live
ammunitionin and aroundTripoli. [7/30NYT]
July 29: Libya protested to the UN over the
presenceof US warplanesover the Gulfof Sidraon
July 26. [7/30NYT]
Aug. 1: Libyawithdrewfromthe Olympicgamesin
Los Angeles after the US refused to allow Libyan
reportersinto the country. [8/3 FBIS]
Aug. 11:The LondonpaperDaily Expressreported
that 4 Libyan diplomats expelled from London
followingthe April 17 shootingof a Britishpolice-
womanwere executed in Tripoli. [8/12 WP]
Aug. 21: LibyanbusinessmanAli al-Giahour,who
was facingtrialin connectionwith bombattacksin
London, was found murderedin a London apart-
ment. [8/22NYT]
Aug. 25: SyrianPresidentHafiz al-Asadleft Libya
following3 days of discussions with Libyan Head
of State Mu'ammaral-Qadhdhafi.[8/24 WP]
Aug. 26: President Asad returned to Libya for
furthertalks with Qadhdhafi.[8/28 NYT]
Aug. 29: Qadhdhafiinauguratedwork on a $20
billion water pipeline system in a ceremony in
Sarir. [8/30 WP]
Aug. 31: The GeneralPeople's Congressapproved
the proposed treaty of unity with Morocco. [9/1
NYT]
Sept. 8: Iranian President Hiujat al-Islam 'Ali
Khaman'i met with Qadhdhafiduring a visit to
Libya. [9/10 FBIS]
Sept. 12: Gunmen wounded a Libyan embassy
employee in Madrid.Two men carryingLebanese
passports were arrested. The Imam Musa $adr
Brigadeclaimedresponsibility.[9/13FBIS]
Sept. 17: France and Libya announceda mutual
phased withdrawalof their troops from Chad to
begin September25. [9/18 WP]
Sept. 20: A Libyan man registeredas Muhammad
Khumsiwas found murderedin Rome. [9/21NYT]
Sept. 22: A Mauritanianopposition group said it
had killed a Libyan found dead 2 days before in
Rome because he had cut off aid to the group's
rebel forces. [9/23 NYT]
Sept. 23: Greek Prime Minister Andreas
Papandreouheld talks with Qadhdhafiduringan
officialvisit to Libya. [9/24 FBIS]
Sept. 24: GreekPrimeMinisterPapandreousaid he
had signed a $1 billiontradeagreementwith Libya
duringhis visit to that country. [9/26CSM]
Sept. 26: TripoliVoice of GreaterArab Homeland
radio reportedthat Qadhdhafihad condemnedthe
Jordanianresumptionof relationswith Egypt and
called for materialand moralmeasuresto be taken
against Jordanif it did not withdrawits decision.
[9/27 FBIS]
The Libyan officialpress agency said the simul-
taneous withdrawalof French and Libyan troops
fromChadhad begunthe previousday. [9/27NYT]
Sept. 28: Chad's informationministersaid Libyan ConstitutionalUnion: 55 seats
troops had not begun withdrawingfrom Chad as
called for in an agreementwith France. [9/29NYT] Socialist Union of PopularForces: 34
Oct. 4: Libya denied Egyptian charges that it
plotted to bomb the Aswan Dam and block the
Suez Canal. [10/5 NYT]
Oct. 6: French Defense Minister Charles Hernu
said Libyantroopshadevacuatedseveralpositions
in Chadin compliancewith a Libyan-Frenchwith-
drawalagreement.[10/8WP]
Oct. 12:Two Libyanswere sentencedin New York
to 7 and 8 years in prison for buying handguns
equipped with silencers from an undercoverFed-
eral agent. Libya protestedthe ruling.[10/15NYT]
Morocco
(See also, RegionalAffairs, Libya)
1984
July 31: A Casablancacourt sentenced 13 Islamic Partyof Unity and National Solidarity:I
fundamentaliststo death and 34 to life imprison- [10/4 FBIS]
ment for plottingto overthrowthe monarchydur-
ing the Januaryriots. Twenty-fourothers received
sentences of 4 to 20 years in prison. [8/3 MEED]
Aug. 21: The ParisorganizationAssociationfor the
Defense of HumanRights in Morocco announced
that hunger strikes by political prisoners in Mar-
rakeshhad spreadto prisonsin Oujda,Casablanca,
Tetouan, Fez, Rabatand Beni-Mellal.[8/24 LM]
Aug. 22: King Hassan II grantedamnesty to 354
prisoners,a majorityof whom were believed to be
politicalprisoners.[8/23LM]
Aug. 23: United Arab EmiratesPresidentShaykh
Zayidbin SultanAl Nuhayyanarrivedin Morocco
on a privatevisit. [8/24 FBIS]
Aug. 29: The thirddeath of a hunger-strikersince
July 4 was announcedby his family. [8/31 LM]
Aug.30: FrenchPresidentFrancoisMitterrandmet
with King Hassan II at Ifrane during a surprise
privatevisit to Morocco. [8/31 FBIS]
Aug. 31: In a national referendum, Moroccans
approvedthe treatyof unity with Libya by 99.7%.
[9/23LM]
Sept. 1: PresidentMitterandreturnedto Morocco.
[10/2-3 LM]
UAE President Shaykh Zayid met with King
Hassan II. [9/5 FBIS]
Sept. 4: Twenty-eighthungerstrikersin Moroccan
jails ended their fast after receiving government
assurancesthat their demandswould be met. [9/7
MEED]
Sept. 8: Moroccoannouncedthat Algeriancitizens
wouldbe allowedto enter Moroccowithouta visa.
[9/9 WP]
Sept. 14: Parliamentaryelections were held. [9/15
LM]
Sept. 15: The official election results were
announced:
NationalGroupingof Independents:38
PopularMovement:31
IstiqlalParty:23
NationalDemocraticParty: 15
Partyof Progressand Socialism:2
Organizationfor DemocraticandPopularAction: 1
[9/17FBIS]
Oct. 3: The list of the new House of Representa-
tives, including indirect election results, was
announced:
ConstitutionalUnion: 83 seats
NationalGroupingof Independents:61
PopularMovement:47
IstiqlalParty:43
Socialist Union of PopularForces: 39
NationalDemocraticParty:24
MoroccanLabor Union: 5
Partyof Progressand Socialism:2
Organizationfor Democraticand PopularAction: 1
117
Oct. 6: Prisonersin Safi, Essaouiraand Marrakesh
jails were reportedto have resumed their hunger
strike. [10/9 LM]
Oct. 11:Le MondereportedthatArmycommander
MajoubTobji, formerlyaide de camp to the late
General Ahmed Dlini, who had been held in a
Rabatjail since March 1983, had escaped and fled
the country. [10/II LM]
Oct. 15: AhmedOsmanwas elected speakerof the
Chamberof Representatives.[10/16FBIS]
Pakistan
(See also, Afghanistan)
1984
July 16: Three Pakistaniswere indictedin Houston
for trying to ship nuclear weapons parts to Paki-
stan, accordingto court records. [7/17WP]
July 28: A car bomb exploded outside the head-
quartersof the AfghanrebelgroupHezb-i-Islamiin
Peshawar near the Afghan border, killing 4 and
wounding12. A second explosionin Saddakilled6
and wounded29. [7/29 WP]
July 30: A senior refugee officialin Pakistansaid
Pakistaniauthoritieshad orderedall Afghanresist-
ance forces to leave Peshawarby August31. [7/31
NYT]
A Pakistaniofficialsaid 3 recent bomb blasts in
Pakistan's Northwest FrontierProvince were the
work of Afghan secret police. [7/31NYT]
Aug. 6: Two supportersof the outlawed Party of
the PakistaniPeople were hung in Lahore for the
murder of a policeman in December 1982 and
membershipin the terroristgroupal-Zulfiqar.[8/10
LM]
Aug. 9: Over 50 women defying a ban on demon-
strationsprotestedapprovalof a draftbill revising
the law of evidence to conformwith Islamic law.
[8/10 CSM]
Aug. 13: Pakistansaid 3 Afghanaircraftbombeda
Pakistani village along the northwesternborder,
killing 1 and injuring5. [8/14WP]
Aug. 14: Militarycourts beganhearingevidence in
the trial of over 70 people accused of plottingto
overthrowPresidentMuhammadZia ul-Haq.Forty
others, including2 sons of formerPrimeMinister
ZulfiqarAli Bhutto, were being tried in absentia.
[8/15 CSM]
Aug. 19: Pakistansaid 18 people were killedand 11
injuredthe previous day by Afghanarmy shelling
near Parachinarin Pakistan'sNorthwest Frontier
Province. [8/20 WP]
Aug. 20: Pakistan reported that a second day of
shelling near Parachinarby Afghan army troops
had killed 16 people. [8/21 NYT]
Aug. 22: Pakistanformally protested to Afghani-
stan over air raids and artilleryshellingacross the
118
border,accusingit of havingkilled 104people since
the beginningof the year. A governmentspokes-
man said 3 Afghan refugees were killed and 5
wounded in a fifth Afghan artillery attack the
previous day in Teri Mangal.The Afghanforeign
ministerdenied that his country had shelled Paki-
stani territory.[8/23 NYT]
Indian news agencies reported that Pakistani
troops had clashed with Indian forces across the
border in Kashmir. They said 6 to 10 Pakistani
soldierswere killed, and 4 wounded. [8/24 WP]
Aug. 24: An IndianAirlinesplanehijackedby Sikh
militants landed in Lahore and Karachi before
flyingon to Dubai. [8/27 FBIS]
Pakistanaccused Afghanistanof killing3 people
during a bombing raid on Teri Mangal west of
Peshawar.[8/26-27LM]
A Pakistani official charged that 2 Pakistani
soldierswere killed in an unprovokedshootingby
Indiantroops in the Kargilarea. [8/24 FBIS]
Aug. 26: PakistandeniedthatPakistaniofficershad
providedSikh hijackersof an Indianairlinerwith
guns after it landedin Lahore. [8/28 FBIS]
Aug. 30: Afghanrebel groupsbeganmovingout of
Peshawar.[8/31NYT]
Twenty-twosupportersof formerPrimeMinister
Bhutto,including2 formermembersof parliament,
were sentenced in absentia for aiding the under-
groundal-Zulfiqarorganization.[8/30 FBIS]
Sept. 14: Pakistanprotestedto Afghanistanover a
bombing raid by Afghan planes in northern
Waziristanon the same day. [9/17 FBIS]
Sept. 28: Pakistan charged that 32 people were
killed and 48 wounded by an Afghan bombing
attackon a Pakistanibordertown the previousday.
[9/29WP]
Oct. 1: Three oppositionpoliticians,includingthe
leader of the bannedTehrik-i-Istiqlalparty, were
releasedfrom house arrest. [10/2 WP]
Oct. 4: Forty students were arrested as several
hundred students at Baluchistan University in
Quetta protestedthe recent expulsion and arrests
of students for engagingin union activities. [10/5
NYTI
Oct. 6: Five people were reported killed and as
manyas 300 woundedin fightingbetween Shia and
Sunnisin Karachi.[10/7NYT]
Oct. 7: A 24-hourcurfew was imposedon Karachi
followingreligiousriots the day before. [10/8JP]
Indian Prime Minister Indira Ghandhi warned
Pakistanthat if it did not meet India'sdemandsfor
a treaty to reduce bordertensions, Indiawould be
prepared"to meet any eventuality." [10/8WP]
Oct. 8: PresidentZia ruledout the returnof opposi-
tion politicalpartiesafter elections for an Islamic
democracypromisedby March 1985. [10/9 NYT]
Oct. 9: Six Muslim leaders were arrested in
Karachiafter a demonstrationcalling for the re-
strictionof Shi'i processions. [10/l LM]
Oct. 13: West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl
said after a meeting with Zia that West Germany
could not help Pakistandevelop atomic energy as
long as it refused to sign the Nuclear Non-
proliferationTreaty. [10115WP]
Oct. 13: Solidaritymovementleader AsgharKhan
said he had been bannedfrom touringSind prov-
ince for 30 days. [10/14WP]
Oct. 14: The BBC reported that Karachi was
seriously affected by an October 13 general strike
by Sunni Muslims. [10/15FBIS]
Qatar
(See, RegionalAffairs)
Saudi Arabia
(See also, Regional Affairs, Egypt, Iran,
Lebanon)
1984
July 26: Ex-US State Departmentofficer Walter
Reed Martindale III and Arab businessman
Ibrahim al-Rowaf were indicted in the US on
charges of conspiring to smuggle firearms into
Britain in 1983 to murdera memberof the Saudi
royal family. [7/27 WSJ]
July 28: Lebanese Prime MinisterRashid Kar&mi
met with King Fahd in Jidda. [7/29 WP]
Aug. 20: Saudi Arabiaestablisheddiplomaticrela-
tions with the Central African Republic. [8/21
FBIS]
Aug. 21: Fahdinaugurateda new navalbase on the
Red Sea. [8/22JP]
Sept. 1: SaudiArabiaclosed its embassy in Beirut.
[9/4 FBIS]
Sept. 11: King Fahd appointedLt. Gen. 'Abdullah
Hamdanas Air Force commander,replacingGen.
MuhammadSabri, who became an advisor to the
Defense Minister. [9/12 NYTI
Sept. 14: A Saudi man was shot and killed and
anotherwoundedby a gunmanin Marbella,Spain.
[9/16JP]
Oct. 9: Saudi Arabia and Brazil signed a 5-year
militarycooperationagreementto jointly manufac-
ture weapons. [10/12MEED]
South Yemen
(See also, Algeria, Syria)
1984
Aug. 6: North Yemen's Prime Minister 'Abd al-
'Aziz 'Abd al-Khaniled a Yemeni delegationto a
Joint Ministerial Council meeting in Aden. [8/7
FBIS]
Sept. 29: South Yemen and Afghanistanagreed to
establishdiplomaticrelations. [10/1 FBIS]
Oct. 2: PresidiumChairman'All Nasir Muhammad
held talks with Soviet leader Konstantin
Chernenkoin Moscow. [10/3 NYT]
Sudan
(See also, Egypt)
1984
July 22: President Ja'far al-Numayri announced
that Sudanese forces had regainedcontrol of the
country's southeasternborder and driven rebels
back into Ethiopia.[7/23 NYT]
July 28: The official Sudanese news agency an-
nounced the arrest of 10 persons suspected of
plottingto assassinatePresidentNumayri.It said 4
of them had received money, arms and training
from Libya. [7/31 LM]
Aug. 2: ForeignMinisterHashim 'Uthmanadmit-
ted in a press conferencethat the armedrebellion
in southern Sudan had blocked oil exploration
activitiesand the Jongleicanal project. [8/3 FBIS]
Aug. 4: The Sudanese armed forces newspaper
reportedthat 663 southernSudaneserebels and 21
governmenttroops had been killed in fightingin
Upper Nile Provinceover the previous 2 months.
[8/6 FBIS]
Aug. 20: The governmenturgedrebels in the south
to abandonviolence and open talks with authori-
ties. [8/21NYT]
Aug. 21: The Kuwaitipaperal-Watanreportedthat
Sudaneseoppositionpartiesabroadhadformulated
a charterto unite in a National Salvation Front.
[8/24FBIS]
Aug. 26: The state of emergency was extended
until November30, 1984. [8/27 FBIS]
The MiddleEast EconomicDigest reportedthat
AmnestyInternationalaskeda UN Commissionon
HumanRightsto urge Sudanto halt amputations.
The organizationsaid 58 amputationsentences had
been carried out since September 1983. [8/24
MEED]
Aug. 28: Southern Sudanese rebels attacked a
riverboatcarryingSudanese troops up the Sobat
River. The Sudan People's Liberation Army
claimed 274 soldiers were killed. The Sudanese
military command said only 4 soldiers were in-
jured. [8/20WP]
Sept. 2: The Sudannews agency said formerMin-
ister of Energy & Mining Ma'muin'Awadh Abu
Zayd was arrestedfor possessing and consuming
alcohol. [9/3 JP]
Sept. 11: Rebels attackedthe oil town of Bentiu in
southern Sudan and kidnapped3 priests, among
them a Britishman and an American.[9/12 WP]
119
 T* 0
Sept. 23: Numayriannouncedhe wouldnot impose
Islam on southern Sudan and would accept the Tunisia
wishes of its inhabitantsregardingeither dividing (See also, RegionalAffairs)
or reunifyingthe 3 southernprovinces. [9/24WP]
Sept. 29: Numayrilifted the nationalstate of emer- 1984
gency and suspended special courts set up to July 26: A medical communique revealed that
oversee the applicationof Islamiclaw. [9/30WP] President Habib Bourguibawas sufferingfrom a
bronchialinflammationand was confinedto bed for
several days. [7/28 LM]
Aug. 1: Seventeen Islamic militants,among them
the presidentand secretary-generalof the Islamic
Tendency Movement, were granted amnesty by
PresidentBourguiba.[8/3 MEED]
Syria Aug. 3: The MiddleEast EconomicDigest reported
that a Tunis appealscourt had sentenced 3 people
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Algeria, to 10 years of hard labor and 10 others to jail
Egypt, Lebanon, Libya) sentences of between 2 and 7 years in connection
with the December-January riots. [8/3 MEED]
Aug. 14: Libyan Head of State Mu'ammaral-
Qadhdhafi held talks with Tunisian officials in
1984 Tunis followinghis visits to Morocco and Algeria.
July 25: US Assistant Secretaryof State for Near [8/15FBIS]
Eastern and South Asian AffairsRichardMurphy Aug. 16: United Arab EmiratesPresidentShaykh
told a Congressionalsubcommitteethat Syria was Zayidbin SultanAl Nuhayyanmet with Bourguiba
playinga helpfulrole in restoringstabilityin Leba- at the PresidentialPalace in Sqans. [8/17 FBIS]
non. [7/26 NYT] Aug. 25: Bourguibanamed Mohamed Sayah as
Aug. 29: Le Monde reported the arrest of 30 ministerof equipment& housing. [8/26 NYT]
membersof the Partyof CommunistAction. [8/29
LM]
Sept. 3: Lebanese PresidentAminal-Jumayyilheld
talks with President Hafiz al-Asad in Damascus.
[9/4 JP]
Sept. 6: Iranian President Hujjat al-Islam 'Ali Turkey
Khaman'imet with PresidentAsad in Damascus. (See also, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq)
[9/8 NYT]
Sept. 11: Defense Minister Mustafa Tlas was 1984
quotedby the West GermanmagazineDer Spiegel July 24: Prime MinisterTurgut Ozal decried the
as saying that Vice President Rifat al-Asad was armsrace betweenTurkeyand Greece and offered
"personanon grataforever"in Syria,andif he had to undertake a joint venture on nearby Greek
not gone abroadthe "Army would have struck." islandsto ease the strainin relations. [7/26 WP]
[9/12 NYT] Aug. 8: United Arab Emirates President Shaykh
Sept. 12: Rifat al-Asad denied that he had been Zayid bin SultanAl Nuhayyanarrivedon a 2-day
banishedfrom Syria, saying he was in Geneva for visit. [8/10MEED]
medicaltreatment.[9/13 WP] Aug. 14: Four Istanbuloffices of the Motherland
Sept. 18: South Yemen's PresidiumChairman'All Party were damaged by bomb explosions. [9/21
Nasir Muhammadheld talkswith PresidentAsad in MEED]
Damascus. [9/18 FBIS] Aug. 15: Fifty-six intellectuals went on trial in
Sept. 24: US Assistant Secretaryof State Richard Ankarafor breakingmartiallaw by signinga peti-
Murphymet with Hafizal-Asadin Damascus.[9/24 tion demandinggreaterdemocracy. [8/16JP]
Aug. 17: Turkishsources reportedthat attacks by
NYT]
Kurdishguerrillason August 15in the provincesof
Sept. 25: Syria denounced the Jordanianresump- Siirt, Hakkari, and the localities of Sirvan and
tion of diplomaticrelations with Egypt, and said Sirnakhad killed 12 and injureddozens of people.
the Syriangovernmentwas studyingways to "con- Anotherattackby an unknowngroupin the prov-
front the situation." [9/26 FBIS] ince of Diyarbakirreportedly killed I person.
Oct. 8: North Yemen's President 'All 'Abdallah [8/19-20LM]
Salih arrivedin Damascuson a workingvisit. [10/9 Aug. 22: An Istanbul military court ordered 9
FBIS] leadersof the leftist TurkishUnion Confederation,
Oct. 15: President Asad travelled to Moscow for charged with plotting to overthrow the state, re-
talks with Soviet leaders. [10/16NYT] leased from detention. [8/23 WP]

120
Sept. 10: The mass trialof 701 alleged membersof Oct. 7: A member of the Dev-Yol organization
the left-wing Dev-Yol undergroundorganization convicted in October 1982 of a 1980 murderwas
resumed. [9/21 MEED] executed in Izmir. [10/9LM]
Sept. 15: Prime Minister Ozal warned that US- Oct. 9: Eight Turkish soldiers were killed in a
Turkishrelationscould be harmedby US congres- Kurdishrebel ambushnear Curkurcain southwest
sional discussion of the alleged 1915 massacre of Turkey. [10/12LM]
Armeniansanda proposedcut in US militaryaid to
Turkey. [9/16JP]
Sept. 18: A shipyardunion said it would apply to
authoritiesfor permissionto strike, the first such
decision since the 1980militarycoup. [9/19NYT]
Sept. 20: Four Turkish parliamentarydeputies
United Arab Emirates
were threatenedwith expulsion from the Populist (See, Regional Affairs, Morocco, Tunisia,
Partyfor visiting Israel. [9/21JP] Turkey,Yemen)
Sept. 21: A member of the Dev-Yol organization
was sentencedto deathand2 othersto life in prison
for murderand terroristacts. [9/23-24LM]
Sept. 26: The Middle East Economic Digest re-
ported that martial law authorities granted ap-
provalfor a strikeby shipworkersoutsideIstanbul.
Yemen
(See also, Regional Affairs, South Yemen,
[9/26 MEED] Syria)
Sept.27: Twenty-twoallegedmembersof the leftist
Brigadeof Armed Propagandawere sentenced to
death, 45 to life in prison, and 185to lesser prison 1984
sentences for murdersand assassinationspriorto Oct. 1: United Arab Emirates President Shaykh
1980. [9/29 LM] Zayidbin SultanAl Nuhayyanarrivedin Yemenon
Oct. 3: PresidentKenen Evren said Kurdishrebels a 4-day officialvisit. [10/5 FBIS]
had attackeda unit of the army assignedto guard Oct. 9: President'All 'Abdallah$alih and Soviet
him and killed2 soldiersshortlypriorto his visit to PresidentKonstantinChernenkosigned a 20-year
Semdinlinear the Iranianand Iraqifrontier. [10/5 treaty of friendshipand cooperation in Moscow.
LM] [10/10 WP]

121