Chronology July 16, 1986-October 15, 1986

Reviewed work(s):
Source: Middle East Journal, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Winter, 1987), pp. 75-92
Published by: Middle East Institute
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4327484 .
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July 16, 1986-October 15, 1986
ABBREVIATIONS:
AN, Arab News
CSM, ChristianScience Monitor
FBIS, Foreign Broadcast InformationService
Daily Report-Middle East & North Africa and
South Asia
LM, Le Monde
Middle EconomicDigest
MEED, East
MEES,The
NYT, Middle
New East
YorkEconomic
Times Survey
TDN, TurkishDaily News
WP, The WashingtonPost
Arab-Israeli Conflict
(See also, RegionalAffairs,Israel, Pakistan)
1986
July 18: In Ramallah,police arrestedMuhammad
Akhras,a US citizen of Palestinianoriginwho had
overstayed his Israeli visa, and said he would be
deported, the first American to be expelled for
nonsecurityreasons. [7/19 WP]
July 20: IsraeliArmy sources said an IsraeliNavy
boat had interceptedthe week before a numberof
Palestiniansin a boat off Lebanonflying the Cyp-
riot flag and were holding them for questioning.
[7/22AN]
July 21: Israeli Prime MinisterShimon Peres flew
to Morocco for a surprisevisit with King Hassan
II. [7/22 WP]
Vice Prime Minister of Israel Yitzhak Shamir
said he had known about the visit but would not
say whether he welcomed it. He promised to
pursue such peace efforts when he became Prime
Ministerif the Peres move was endorsed by the
InnerCabinet. [7/23 FBIS]
Libyan leader Muammaral-Qadhdhafisaid the
visit was a "serious violation" of the Libyan-
Moroccanunity accord. EgyptianPresidentHusni
Mubarakaffirmed his support for Hassan. The
Syrian government severed relations with Mo-
rocco. The DemocraticFrontfor the Liberationof
THE MIDDLEEAST JOURNAL, VOLUME41, NO. 1, WINTER1987.
C hrono
Palestine (DFLP) and the Popular Front for the
Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) condemned the
visit. [7/22 FBIS]
SaudiArabianofficialsdeniedadvanceknowledge
of the meeting.The Lebaneseambassadorto Rabat
was recalledfor consultations.The Iranian,South
Yemeni,and Algeriangovernmentscondemnedthe
meeting,andthe PLOcalledfor an emergencyArab
summitto discuss the matter.[7/23FBIS]
PLO guerrillagroupForce 17 commandoAbbas
Hamid Mahmoudwas sentenced to 14 years in
prisonby the Lod militarycourt for attemptingto
"perpetratea terroristact" inside Israel in 1981.
Threeothers capturedwith him were sentenced to
lesser terms. [7/25 FBIS]
July22: Peresand Hassanheld closed-doortalks at
Ifrane, Morocco. [7/23 WP]
July 23: Peres ended his visit to Morocco. Hassan
said Peres had rejected the basic Arab conditions
for peace as laid out in the Fez plan. [7/24 WP]
July 24: Jerusalemradioreportedthat in Jericho 13
Israelis had been wounded by a grenade thrown
from a rooftop, and that a curfew had been im-
posed on the area. [7/24 FBIS]
The DFLP said it was responsiblefor the attack.
[7/25AN]
July 25: Jerusalem radio reported that security
forces had captured "a gang of Fath terrorists"
suspected of the murderof an Israeli soldier 15
monthsbefore. [7/28 FBIS]
75
 Israeli security forces dismantleda bomb near
the US consulatein East Jerusalem.[7/25FBIS]
Hatzofe reportedthat the bodies of two "terror-
ists" apparentlykilledwhile preparinga bombhad
been discovered near the al-Jalazunrefugee camp
northof Jerusalem.[7/25 FBIS]
Shi'i militantsbelongingto the Hizballahgroup
took over andransackedthe MoroccanEmbassyin
Beirut to protest the Hassan-Peresmeeting, and
Muslim areas of Lebanon observed a one-day
strike in protest. [7/26 WP]
July 26: King Hassan resignedas presidentof the
Arab League because of protest within the Arab
world over his meetingwith Peres. [7/28WP]
Israeliauthoritiesbanneda numberof protestsin
East Jerusalem called to protest the policies of
kings Hassan and Hussein. [7/29FBIS]
Qadhdhafirefused to meet an envoy from Has-
san. [7/28FBIS]
July 27: US Vice PresidentGeorgeBush arrivedin
Israel at the beginningof an official tour of the
Middle East, to include Jordanand Egypt. [7/28
WP]
July28: Israelisecurityforces blockedthe entrance
to Al-NajahUniversityin Nablusfor a thirdday to
prevent a rally protestingthe Hassan-Peresmeet-
ing. [7/28FBIS]
Five West Bank Palestinianswere placed under
town arrest for six months, bringingthe number
restrictedin the past week to eight. [7/29FBIS]
Israeli police arrestedthe head of an East Jeru-
salem securitycompanyfor plantingthe bombnear
the US consulate in order to win the tender for
guardingthe consulateby provinghow efficienthis
guardswere when they discoveredthe explosives.
[7/28 FBIS]
July 29: Bush met privatelywith 18 Palestiniansin
Jerusalemand told them the US would not meet
with the PLO until it recognizedthe existence of
Israel. The Palestinians argued that Israel must
accept Palestinianself-determination.In East Jeru-
salem, a numberof Arab shopownersobserved a
strike to protest the meeting. [7/30NYT]
JerusalemradioreportedthatIsraeliforces killed
two "terrorists" in the Israeli-declaredsecurity
zone in southernLebanon. [7/30FBIS]
July 30: Bush arrivedin Jordanand said he was
carryinga message to King Hussein from Peres.
[7/31WP]
July31: US officialssaid the Reaganadministration
had decided for the first time to funnel through
Jordan $4.5 million in aid to Palestiniansin the
occupied territories.[8/1 NYT]
An Israeli soldier and two Arab guerrillaswere
killedin a gun battlein the villageof Tel Shaqrain
the security zone in south Lebanon. [8/1 WP]
Aug. 1: Peres reportedlytold Laborpartymembers
that Israel must participate in an international
peace conference, but said that agreeingto Pales-
tinian participationdid not imply acceptance of
Palestinianself-determination.[8/1 FBIS]
76
West German officials said a Palestinian sus-
pected of providingfalse passportsto the Achille
Lauro hijackershad been extraditedto Italy, and
that anotherwas undergoingquestioningin West
Berlin. [8/2 WP]
Rayih Abu Asal, the Anglican Bishop of
Nazareth, was orderedconfinedto Israel for one
year because of "links with senior PLO officials
abroad."[8/4 FBIS]
Aug. 3: Following a visit to Cairo, US Assistant
Secretaryof State RichardMurphyconferredwith
Israeliofficialsin Jerusalemon the Tabaissue. [8/4
FBIS]
EgyptianTourismMinster Fuad Sultan arrived
in Tel Aviv for a three-dayofficialvisit. [8/4 AN]
Aug. 4: Peres met with 25 Palestiniansfrom the
West Bank and said Israel would negotiate with
"authentic"Palestinianswho do not supportthe
PLO. [8/5 FBIS]
Membersof Fath, the PFLP, andthe Communist
party,rivalfactionsof the PLO, met in Moscow to
discuss reconciliation.[8/2 AN]
Aug. 5: A groupof prominentIsraelirabbiscalled
for the constructionof a synagogue and public
prayerson Jerusalem'sTemple Mount, or Haram
al-Sharif,an area sacredto Muslimsand forbidden
by Jewish religiouslaw to Jews. [8/6 NYT]
Aug. 6: The Knesset passed a bill outlawing"in-
citementto racism" and one prohibitingmeetings
betweenIsraelisand "leadersof terroristorganiza-
tions." [8/6 FBIS]
Aug. 7: Three Palestinianbystanderswere injured
by a bombblast outside an Israelipolice stationin
the occupiedGaza Strip. [8/8 AN]
The Israeli Army barred a group of Jewish
nationalistsfrom enteringand settlingan old syn-
agoguein Jericho. [8/8 FBIS]
Aug. 10: Israelijets attacked targets near Sidon,
Lebanon, woundingfive civilians. Israeli officials
said the raidswere aimedat Fathguerrillasloyal to
Yasir Arafatand a breakawayPLO faction led by
Col. Said Musa. [8/11NYT]
Three Israeli soldiers were injuredby a bomb
explosionin Gush Etzion. [8/11FBIS]
Aug. 11: Israeli warplanes struck sites near
Baalbek, Lebanon, and eight people reportedly
died. [8/12NYT]
Aug. 14: Israelipolice preventedabout 30 militant
Israeli Jews from illegally prayingon the Haram
al-Sharif.[8/15NYT]
Aug. 15: Israeliofficialsexpressed disappointment
at the Spanish government's decision to grant
officialstatus to the PLO. [8/16AN]
Aug. 16: Israeli radio announced that Transport
Minister Haim Corfu would attend a transport
conventionin Morocco. [8/17WP]
Aug. 19: In Alexandria, Mubarak met with
AvrahamTamir, Director General of the Israeli
PrimeMinister'sOffice,concerninga summitwith
Peres. [8/20AN]
Aug. 20: Arab workers at East Jerusalem'sArab
Electricity Company began a strike to protest
seizure of the company's assets by Israeli police.
[8/21 FBIS]
Aug. 21: Israeli authorities shut down for three
monthsfor securityreasons the offices of the Arab
Council for Public Affairsand Al-Mawaqifnews-
paperin East Jerusalem.[8/21 FBIS]
Israeliforces imposeda curfewon the villagesof
Hizma and Anata after two Israeli youths were
stabbed by an Arab while hiking in Wadi al-Qilt.
[8/22FBIS]
Aug. 22: Israeli securityforces captureda "terror-
ist squad"in Ramallahanddemolishedthe homeof
one of them. [8/25 FBIS]
Beirut radio reported that Israeli gunboats
opened fire on Sidon, killinga woman. [8/25FBIS]
Aug. 23: Six Palestinian groups making up the
PalestineNationalSalvationFront rejectedrecon-
ciliationwith Arafat'sFath until he denouncedhis
pact with Jordan'sKing Hussein. [8/25 NYT]
Sept. 1: US Assistant SecretaryMurphybegan a
trip to Israel, Egypt, and Jordan.[9/2 NYT]
Sept. 5: Israeli officials said an Israeli soldier had
been killed in southernLebanonin action against
"terroristgroups" responsiblefor a katyushaat-
tack on Israel. [9/5 FBIS]
Sept. 9: Israeli security sources said Hassan Abd
al-QadirIlyan, a freed Palestiniancommando,had
blown himself up the week before while working
with explosives in the Gaza Strip. Ilyan's family
said he had stepped on a booby trapwhile putting
up a fence. [9/10AN]
Sept. 10: Israeli warplanesattacked a Palestinian
base near Sidon, woundingsix people. [9/10WP]
The strike came an hour after the Israeli Navy
reportedit had foiled an attempt by guerrillasto
infiltrateinto northernIsrael by sea. [9/11NYT]
Egyptian and Israeli negotiators agreed on a
formulafor settlingthe Tabadisputeaftermeetings
with Murphy.[9/11 NYT]
Sept. 11: Peres arrivedin Alexandria,and begana
series of meetings with Mubarak.After the first
meeting, Mubarakannouncedhe would returnthe
Egyptianambassadorto Israel. [9/11FBIS]
Israeli troops backed by militiamenfrom the
SouthernLebanon Army (SLA) fought a pitched
battlenearYatar,Lebanon,againstShi'i guerrillas.
Five Nepalese UNIFIL soldiers were woundedin
the crossfire. [9/12 NYT]
Sept. 12: Peres and Mubarakissued a joint com-
muniquecailingfor 1987to be "the year of negotia-
tionsforpeace." Mubaraksaidbothsideshadagreed
on an international peace conference.[9/12FBIS]
Sept. 14:A Palestinianwomanwas shot dead by an
Israeli soldier in Hebron after she reportedlyat-
tacked anothersoldier.
Israeliofficialsannouncedthe IvoryCoastwould
open an embassy in Jerusalemthe followingday.
[9/15AN]
In an interview, Shamiremphasizedhis opposi-
tion to an internationalpeace conferenceand said
he could not understandPeres' supportfor such a
plan. [9/15FBIS]
Sept. 16: Jerusalemradiosaid the governmentwas
investigatingclaimsby Amnesty Internationalthat
Arabprisonersin the occupiedterritoriesare being
tortured.[9/17FBIS]
Sept. 18: Jerusalem radio reported that Israeli
authoritieshadpermitteda Jordanianbankto open
in Nablus for the first time since the Israeli occu-
pation. [9/18FBIS]
Sept. 22: Israeli troops massed on the Lebanon
borderin preparationfor an offensive againstShi'i
guerrillasin southernLebanon. [9/23NYT]
Sept. 23: Israeli warplanes bombed Palestinian
targetssoutheastof Beirutreportedlycontrolledby
the DFLP. Two womenwere reportedlywounded.
[9/24WP]
The UN SecurityCounciladopteda Frenchreso-
lution callingon Israel to withdrawfrom southern
Lebanonand permitUNIFIL troopsto move up to
the borderwith Israel. The US abstained.Israeli
officialssaidIsraelwouldnot comply. [9/24WP]
EgyptianAmbassadorMuhammadBasyunipre-
sented his credentialsto Israeli President Chaim
Herzog. [9/24WP]
Sept. 25: Israelijets bombedsuspectedPalestinian
bases near Sidon. At least one person died. [9/26
NYT]
Sept. 28: Israeli officials appointed the following
mayors in West Bank towns: Abd al-MajidZir in
Hebron, Khalil Musa Khalil in Ramallah, and
Hassan Tawil in El Bireh. [9/29WP]
Yasir Ubayd, head of RamallahHospital and a
close confidant of King Hussein, was seriously
stabbednear his home. [9/29AN]
Oct. 1: Distributionof the East Jerusalempaper
Al-Fajrwas bannedby Israeliauthoritiesfor 7 days
for "censorshipviolations." [10/2 FBIS]
Oct.6: Israeliwarplanesattackeda suspectedterror-
ist base in the Akkarregionof Lebanon.[10/6FBIS]
JordanianNizar Hindawi,accused of dupinghis
pregnantfianceeinto carryinga bombaboardan El
Al airlinerin April, and of "actingin concert with
Syria," went on trialin London. [10/7 NYT]
Oct. 7: Arafatconfirmedthat the PLO was moving
its militarycommandposts from Tunis to Yemen
and Iraq. [10/9NYT]
The second Israeli in ten days was stabbed to
death in the Gaza City market,promptingviolent
anti-Arabprotests by Jewish residents of nearby
Ashkelon. [10/8WP]
Petroleum Affairs
(See also, RegionalAffairs,Iran)
1986
July 20: MEES reported that Saudi Arabia had
77
raised its oil output to more than five million
barrelsa day. [7/20MEES]
OfficialSaudi sources denied that the kingdom
was flooding the market with oil, insisting that
OPEC productionquotas and prices were being
followed. [7/21AN]
Oil ministersfromSaudiArabia,Kuwait,andthe
UAE met in Abu Dhabito discuss coordinationof
oil productionpolicies. [7/21FBIS]
July 28: OPEC oil ministers began meetings in
Geneva on productionquotas. [7/28AN]
Aug. 3: The OPEC meeting was "virtually in a
shambles," according to the New York Times,
amid Algerianaccusations that Saudi Arabiawas
tryingto depressoil pricesin orderto crippleIran's
war effortagainstIraq,afterSaudiArabiaopposed
an Algerianplan calling for obligatorylower pro-
duction quotas to bolster prices. [8/3 NYT]
Aug. 4: OPEC ministers agreed unanimouslyin
principleto slash oil output to about 16.5 million
barrels a day. Prices on the European and US
marketsrose in responseto about$14a barrel.Iraq
was reportedly excluded from the self-imposed
outputceilings agreedon by the 12 othercountries
for "political reasons." Iranian oil minister
GhulamrizaAqazada said Iran would "control
Iraq." [8/5 WP]
The Kuwaiti news agency reported that a
Vienna-basedgroup would be set up to monitor
compliancewith the agreement.[8/6 FBIS]
Aug. 9: Omaniofficialssaid they would cooperate
with OPEC in reducingthe oil glut. [8/19MEED]
Egypt raisedthe price of its top qualitycrudeby
$3.40 a barrelfollowingthe OPECannouncement.
[8/19AN]
Aug. 11: MEES announcedthat OPEC's oil reve-
nues fell by 34.8 per cent, or $19.6 billion, during
the first half of 1986. [8/11MEES]
Aug. 31: Omanannounceda cut in oil productionto
550,000barrelsa day to cooperatewith OPEC.[9/1
AN]
Sept. 1: Oil productioncutbackswere reportedin
Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Ecuador,and other OPEC
countries as the new agreementtook effect. [9/1
MEES]
Sept. 11: An official Saudi source denied reports
that the kingdomhad exceeded its oil production
quota of 4.353 millionbarrelsa day. [9/11FBIS]
Sept. 15: Egypt raised the price of its top quality
crude by 60 cents. [9/16AN]
Oct. 6: OPEC oil ministers began meetings in
Geneva to seek an oil price supportsystem. [10/6
NYT]
Oct. 7: Kuwait's news agency reported that the
OPEC monitoringunit had reportedthat at least
three OPEC members-Ecuador, Gabon, and the
UAE-had not adhered to their quotas. [10/7
FBIS]
78
Regional Affairs
(See also, Lebanon, Libya, Turkey)
General
1986
July 29: Officials in Genoa, Italy, issued arrest
warrantsfor 20 Arabsthey said belongedto a large
terroristgroup operatingin Europe with links to
the Abu Nidal terroristgroup. [7/30WP]
EgyptianPresidentHusniMubarakandAlgerian
President Chadli Benjedid were elected by the
Organizationfor AfricanUnity (OAU)as chairmen
of the AfricanLiberationCommittee.[7/30 FBIS]
July31: West Berlinprosecutorssaid AhmadHasi,
arrestedin connectionwith the April5 bombingof
a discotheque in which three persons died, had
been given explosives by the Syrian Embassy in
East Berlin for the March 29 bombing of the
Arab-GermanFriendshipsociety in West Berlin.
Hasi also reportedlyreceived "political training"
in Libya. AnotherPalestinianwas also chargedin
the earlierbombing.[8/1 WP]
Aug. 21: West Berlin police arrestedthree Leba-
nese men suspected of preparingan attack on the
US military.[8/22NYT]
Sept. 4: Police defused a powerfulbomb discov-
ered in the Paris metro. The Committeefor Soli-
darity with Arab and Middle Eastern Political
Prisoners(CSAMEPP)claimedresponsibility.[9/8
FBIS]
Sept. 6: French Foreign Minister Jean-Bernard
Raimondsaid two Iraqistudentsexpelledearlierin
the year, whose returnto Francewas demandedby
MuslimextremistsholdingFrenchhostagesin Leb-
anon, were free to returnto France. [9/7 NYT]
Sept. 8: A bomb at the Paris City Hall killed one
person and injured19.
Eleven Kurdishmilitantsbriefly took over the
Paris office of Iraqi Airways to draw attentionto
recent Turkishactions againstKurdsliving on the
Turkey-Iraqborder. They surrenderedpeacefully
after90 min. [9/9 WP]
Sept. 9: An Arabgroupcallingitself the "Partisans
of Justice and Freedom" and CSAMEPP both
claimedresponsibilityfor the City Hall explosion.
[9/10NYT]
Sept. 10: Twelve persons of "MiddleEasternori-
gin" were arrestedin France in connection with
the City Hall bomb. [9/12WP]
Sept. 11: The Frenchgovernmentpubliclyrefused
to release jailed Arab terroristsas demandedby
CSAMEPP.[9/12WP]
Sept. 14:A bombin a Parispub killeda policeman.
Prime Minister Jacques Chirac announced strin-
gent new securitymeasures,includingvisa require-
ments for most foreigncitizens. [9/15WP]
Sept. 15: A bomb inside the main headquartersof
the Parispolice killedone personand wounded51.
[9/16NYT]
 Both the CSAMEPPand the Partisansof Justice
and Freedomclaimedresponsibility.[9/17FBIS]
Sept. 17: In Beirut,CSAMEPPreleaseda statement
accusingthe US of pressuringFranceinto rejecting
the group's demands, and threateneda terrorism
campaignagainstthe US and Italy. [9/18WP]
In Paris,a bombthrownfroma passingcar killed
5 and injured50 others. [9/18WP]
In Tripoli, Lebanon, two brothers of Georges
IbrahimAbdallah,who had been jailed in France
on terrorismchargesand whose freedomhas been
demandedby CSAMEPP,saidthey hadnot been in
Francefor some time and hadno connectionto the
bombingcampaign,despite speculationby French
police. [9/18CSM]
Sept. 19: Frenchpolice said they had a list of nine
suspects in the bombingcampaign,includingfour
brothersof Abdallahandfive of his followers. [9/20
NYT]
Sept. 25: French police arrested nine people, in-
cludingfive extreme Frenchleftists, in connection
with the recent bombings.[9/26NYT]
Sept. 26: French Justice MinisterAlbin Calandon
saidhe wouldrecommenda publictrialfor Georges
Abdallah.[9/27WP]
Sept. 30: French officials cited evidence linking
Syria with the recent bombingwave. [10/1NYT]
Oct. 7: In Paris, PLO official Abu lyad (Salah
Khalaf)said the Syriansecret service was respon-
sible for recent threatsto intensifyterroristacts in
France. [10/8 WP]
Iran-IraqWar
1986
July 18: The Iranian news agency (IRNA) said
Iranianforces repelledan Iraqicounterattackin the
MajnunIslands sector. [7/21FBIS]
July 20: Iraqi radio reported that Iraqi forces
repulsed an Iranian attack east of Basra. [7/21
FBIS]
July 21: MEES reported that Iran had recently
acquired six more vessels for its oil shuttle and
storage services following continued Iraqi air
strikes on Kharg Island and the shuttle tankers.
[7/21MEES]
July 23: Iraqi warplanesbombed an arms factory
and other targets near Tehran, according to a
military spokesman in Baghdad. Iranian sources
said the raids had killed seven civilians. [7/24WP]
Jane's Defense Weeklyreported that Iran had
begun a massive mobilizationprogram,forming
1000 new battalionsof RevolutionaryGuards,in-
dicatingan end to the six-yearold feud betweenthe
Guardsand the regulararmy. [7/24AN]
July 24: Gulf shippingsources reportedthat Iran's
new crudeoil terminalin the Straitof Hormuzwas
now fully operational and had taken over from
facilities off SirriIsland. [7/25AN]
July 27: In an articlein Pasdar-iIslam, Speakerof
the ParliamentHuJjatal-IslamHashimiRafsanjani
said Iran would attack any Persian Gulf country
givingmoneyto Iraqto hit Iranianoil installations.
[7/28NYT]
July 29: Rafsanjanivowed to avenge Iraqiair raids
on Iraniancities after 73 people reportedlydied in
Arakon July 27. [7/30WP]
The IranianNavy reportedlydetained an Arab
commercial vessel owned by the United Arab
ShippingCompany after Iraqi warplanes hit the
CypriotPolikonwhich had been workingon Iran's
oil export routes. [7/30AN]
IRNA reportedIranianair raids on Iraqiindus-
trial installationsnear Sulaymaniyaand a bridge
west of Irbil. Iraqi radio said the raids had been
aimedat residentialareas andcaused civiliancasu-
alties. [7/30FBIS]
July 31: Iraqiplanes hit targetsinside Iran, report-
edly killing 15 workers. [8/1 FBIS]
Aug. 1: A Greektankerwas reportedlydamagedby
a missile east of Qatar.[8/1 FBIS]
Aug. 2: In a Fridaysermon, IranianPresidentAli
Khamaneisaid Iran would attack Iraqi industrial
centers in retaliationfor Iraqi attacks on civilian
targets. [8/4 FBIS]
Aug. 3: An American-ownedtanker registeredin
Liberia,the Mercedes, was set afireby an Iranian
attackin the Gulf. [8/4 WP]
Iraqisources said Iranianshellingof Basrakilled
two people and woundedfive, bringingthe six-day
casualty toll in the city to seven dead and 106
wounded. [8/4 AN]
Aug.7: Iraqiradiosaid74 Iraqicivilianshaddied in
an Iranian artillery attack the day before on
Sulaymaniya. IRNA reported that Iraqi planes
bombedresidentialareas in Isfahan. [8/7 FBIS]
Iraqiplanes attackedIranianoil installationson
Kharg Island and hit two tankers, the Liberian
Mistra and the PanamanianMagnum, near the
island. [8/8 WP]
Aug. 11: FBIS reportedthat Iraqi radio had said
thatat least 28 Iraqicivilianshad died in an Iranian
air attack on Diyala Governoratevillages and by
artilleryshellingof Basra. [8/11FBIS]
Aug. 12: An Iranianmissile hit Baghdad,and an
Iraniantankerand two others were hit in a retalia-
tory Iraqiraidon SirriIsland. [8/13FBIS]
Aug. 13: IRNA said Iranianjets struck Iraqi oil
installationsnear Kirkuk.[8/14 NYT]
Aug. 14: The Iraqi news agency (INA) reported
that Iraqiantiaircraftfire downedtwo IranianF-5s
near Sulaymaniya.[8/15FBIS]
Aug. 15: Survivors from the Iranian tanker
Azarpadhit at Sirri Island Aug. 12 said 16 crew
membershad died in the raid. [8/15 NYT]
Aug. 16:IRNA saidIranianantiaircraftfiredowned
two Iraqiplanes over Dezful. [8/18 FBIS]
Aug. 17: Two crew membersdied in an Iranianair
attackon the PanamanianWeelek.[8/18WP]
79
 A Liberian tanker near the UAE coast was
reportedlyhit by an Iraqirocket. [8/18FBIS]
Aug. 18: Iranianplanes reportedlyset the super-
tankerAkaritaablaze in the Gulf, threateningthe
UAE's main loadingterminal.[8/19WP]
Aug. 26: Iraqiradiosaid IraqiplanesraidedIranian
oil installationsin the Ahvaz and Marunoil fields.
IRNA said Iranianplanes bombed Iraqi oil plat-
forms in the northernGulf. [8/27FBIS]
Sept. 1: Iranian sources said two new Iranian
offensives, Karbala 2 and Karbala3, had pene-
trated "deep inside Iraq" in the Hajj Umranarea
and had recapturedthe Al-Ummayaoil platform,
but Baghdadradio said Iraq's army crushed the
Iranianattackers.[9/2 NYT]
Sept.3: Shippingsources saidIranhad stoppedand
searched two Soviet ships in the Gulf the week
before. One was forcedto unloadat BandarAbbas.
[9/4 NYT]
Iraqi radio said Iraqi forces had recapturedthe
Al-Amiqradarplatformin the Gulf, 24 hoursafter
it was reported seized by Iranian frogmen and
marines. [9/4 NYT]
Sept. 4: Iranianofficialsreleasedthe seized Soviet
freighter.[9/5 NYT]
Sept. 9: Iraqiradio said Iraqiplanes raidedand set
afire the oil terminal at Tabriz and destroyed a
power station in retaliationfor an Iranianartillery
bombardmentof Basrathe day before in which 17
Iraqicivilians died. [9/9 FBIS]
Sept. 11:IRNA said an Iranianmissilehadhit Iraqi
secret police headquartersin Baghdad.Iraqiradio
said the missile hadlandedin a crowdedresidential
section, killing21 people. [9/12 FBIS]
Sept. 14: The French supertankerBrissac was hit
by Iranianplanes in the Gulf. [9/15AN]
Sept. 16:Iraqireportssaid Iraqibombershit Kharg
Island three times in 45 minutes, inflictingheavy
damage. [9/17 NYT]
IRNA announcedthat Iranwouldend attackson
Iraqicities since Iraqhad ceased attackingcivilian
and industrialareas in Iran in the past few days.
[9/17 FBIS]
Sept. 17: An IraqiMirageF-I was shot down north
of KhargIslandby Iranianartillery.[9/18FBIS]
Sept. 18: Reuter reported that Iran had sent 12
battalionsof volunteersto the centralwar front at
the start of a majoroffensive.
An Iraniangunboat attacked a Kuwaiti super-
tanker, the Funtas, off the coast of Saudi Arabia.
[9/18 WP]
US Pentagon officials said three Iranian F-4
fighterbombercrews had defectedto Iraqover the
past two months. [9/19WP]
Sept. 20: IRNA reported that Iranianwarplanes
bombed a radar center at Ruwandiz, Iraq. [9/21
NYT]
Sept. 24: British officialsprotested to Iran over a
rocket attack on the BritishtankerPawnee in the
Gulf. [9/25AN]
80
Oct. 4: Iraqi PresidentSaddamHussein said in a
speech that 100,000newly trainedconscriptedstu-
dents were not currentlyrequiredat the front and
could returnto their studies. [10/6 FBIS]
Oct. 5: Iranianplanes bombedresidentialareas in
al-Kut, Iraq, and in Basra, reportedlykillingeight
civilians. [10/6NYT]
Oct. 11: IRNA said Iraniancommandosand Kurd-
ish rebels had destroyed Iraq's oil refinery at
Kirkuk, along with pipelines, storage tanks at a
thermalpower plant, and three surface-to-airmis-
sile sites. Iraqi sources denied the reports. [10/12
NYT]
Oct. 13: Iranian long-range artillery hit Basra,
reportedly in retaliation for Iraqi air raids on
Isfahanand Shiraz. [10/14WP]
Western Sahara
1986
July 16: Algiers radio quoted Polisario sources
which said recent Saharanmilitaryoperationshad
caused 516 Moroccancasualties. [7/18FBIS]
July 23: Spanish diplomatic sources said the
machine-gunattack on a Spanish trawler off the
Western Saharacoast the day before in which a
fisherman died, had been carried out by the
PolisarioFront. [7/24AN]
July 28: Madridradio reportedthat Polisariooffi-
cials had called for the markingof Spanishfishing
boats flying Moroccanflags in order to guarantee
the safety of fishermen.[7/29FBIS]
Aug. 13: A Saharancommuniquecited by Algiers
radio said Polisarioattacks had killed 180 Moroc-
can troops in July. [8/14FBIS]
Aug. 27: Algiers radio reportedthat 12 Moroccan
soldiershad been killedby rebels the week before.
[8/28FBIS]
Sept. 11:A Spanishseamandied afterhis merchant
ship was fired on by Polisario guerrillasoff the
coast of the western Sahara.[9/12AN]
Sept. 29: Algiersradio reportedthat 10 Moroccan
soldiers had been killed on Sept. 21 by Polisario
fightersin WadiChadmia.[9/30FBIS]
Oct. 8: Polisariotroopskilled 17Moroccansoldiers
at Hausa, accordingto Algiersradio. [10/15FBIS]
Afghanistan
1986
July 16: "Western diplomats" said Soviet and
Afghan troops had razed parts of Herat and that
hundredsof residentshad fled to Iran. [7/17AN]
July 18: The WashingtonPost reported a new
strategy by Afghan leader Najibullahto escalate
political tensions in Pakistan by aiming terror
bombings against Afghan refugees in the border suspendedas the two sides remainedfar aparton
areas. [7/18WP] the timingof a Soviet troopwithdrawal.[5/9 NYT]
July 21: The WashingtonPost reportedthat hun- Aug. 10: ForeignMinisterShah MuhammadDost
dredsof idealisticArabmen hadjoined the Afghan met with Soviet ForeignMinisterEduardShevard-
resistance. [7/21WP] nadze in Moscow. [8/11AN]
July 22: The French press agency (AFP) reported Aug. 19: Rebels reportedly drove back a major
that rebels from Herat and Kandaharhad carried Soviet-backedoffensive in Logar Province. [8/20
out attacksin Kabulin recentweeks, includingone WP]
on the Soviet Embassy. [7/22FBIS] Aug. 24: Mujahidinsources said rebels had killed
Reportedlya series of explosions, machine-gun more than 80 Soviet soldiers in recent fightingin
battles, and rocket attacks had taken place in Badakhshan.[8/25FBIS]
Kabulthe week before. [7/23NYT] Aug. 25: Afghan militiamenreportedly abducted
July 23: The WashingtonPost reportedthat Paki- two Pakistani Army officers in Baluchistan and
stani officialshad suspendeda programto transfer took themacrossthe borderinto Afghanistan.[8/28
US supplied weapons, includingStinger anti-air- AN]
craft missiles, to Afghanrebels, for fear of Soviet
Aug. 27: A series of huge explosions rackedKabul
reprisals.[7/23WP] when an army ammunitiondepot blew up. Many
July24: FrenchPrimeMinisterJacquesChiracsaid people reportedlydied. [8/28NYT]
Francewould increasehumanitarianaid to Afghan Afghanofficialsblamedthe explosion on "tech-
refugeesin Pakistan.[7/25AN] nical problems."[8/28FBIS]
July 26: Kabulradio announced"successful oper- Aug. 28: Soviet television admittedthe explosion
ations" by government forces against rebels in was the work of rebels. [8/30 AN]
Kandaharand Wardakprovinces. [7/28FBIS] Aug. 31: Afghanauthoritiesheld a rallyin Kabulto
27: Pakistan'snews agency reportedthat six Af- supportdissidenttribes in Pakistaniborderareas.
ghanrefugeeswere killedwhen theircar hit a land [9/1 AN]
mine in Northwest Frontier Province, Pakistan. Sept.28:A carbombnearthe Soviet tradecenterin
[7/28NYT] Kabul killed three Afghan civilians, accordingto
July 28: Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev an- Kabulradio. [9/30FBIS]
nouncedthe withdrawalof six Soviet regimentsby Oct. 2: The Afghangovernmentprotestedto Paki-
the end of the year in an attempt to speed the stan over a Sept. 19 incident in which Pakistani
searchfor a politicalsolutionto the war. [7/29WP] forces "with Americanadvisers"fired700 surface-
July 29: Western diplomatsin India reportedthat to-surfacemissiles at an Afghanvillage, killing62
Muslim rebels had taken control of most of people. [10/3FBIS]
KandaharCity, and that governmentforces had Oct. 9: The Hezb-i-Islami group reported that
beguna majorcampaignin the LogarValley. [7/30 resistance leader Karim Shahid had been killed
WP] recently with a number of his men near Kabul.
July 31: Pakistan's Foreign Minister Sahabzada [10/11LM]
Yaqub Khan and his Afghan counterpart,Shah Oct. 14: The WashingtonPost reportedthat a new
Muhammed Dost, met separately with UN USAID "humanitarian aid" projectin Pakistanfor
UndersecretaryDiego Cordovez in Geneva as in- Afghan rebels there was raising fears that some
direct negotiations on the Afghan war resumed. rebels could be corruptedand luredaway fromthe
[8/1 NYT] front. [10/14WP]
Kabul radio reported that the Politburo had
criticized "serious shortcomings"in various state
and party institutionsand dismissed a numberof
officials. [8/1 FBIS]
Aug. 1: AFP quoted reports by a French relief
workerthat 150Afghanvillagershad been killedin
Algeria
April when governmenttroops launchedan offen- (See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Egypt,
sive in the Darreh-yeNur Valley. [8/4 FBIS] Lebanon)
Aug. 3: Bakhtar reported that 23 rebels of the
Hezballah "band" had recently surrenderedto 1986
governmenttroops in Herat Province. [8/4 FBIS] July 16: PresidentChadliBenjedidreturnedfrom
Aug. 5: Western diplomatic sources in Pakistan Belgiumwhere he had undergonean operationfor
said fightinghad intensifiedthe week before with sciatica. [7/17FBIS]
extensive Soviet bombingnear Paghman.[8/6AN] Sept. 10: Cuban President Fidel Castro began a
Aug. 6: Najibullahsaid efforts to get more young workingvisit. [9/11FBIS]
people into Afghanistan's dwindling army had Sept. 13: French Prime Minister Jacques Chirac
failed. [8/8 WP] arrivedfor an officialvisit. [9/16 FBIS]
Aug. 8: In Geneva, indirectUN-sponsorednegoti- Oct. 10: Le Monde reportedthat AbdennourAli
ations between Afghanistan and Pakistan were Yahia, president of the Algerian Human Rights

81
League, free after 11 months in jail, had been
forbidden to leave the country and was being
harrassedby authorities.[10/10LM]
Bahrain
(See also, Qatar)
1986
July 21: The governmentexpelled a Reuter press
agency manager for using informationfrom a
Qatarijournalist in his coverage of the Fasht al-
Dibal dispute. [7/22WP]
Oct. 14:KingHusseinof Jordanarrivedin Manama
for an officialvisit. [10/15FBIS]
Cyprus
(See also, Iraq, Pakistan)
1986
July 20: Greek and Turkish Cypriots held rival
anniversaryceremoniesmarkingTurkey'sinvasion
in 1974. [7/21 NYT]
July 22: The New YorkTimesreportedthatthe US
Congress had been allottingat least $15 milliona
year in economic aid to Cyprussince 1974,despite
the nation's strongeconomy and high standardof
living. [7/22NYT]
July 24: Former Turkish prime minister Bulent
Ecevit calledfor Turksto settle in the Turkish-held
town of Varosha,unless the GreekCypriotgovern-
ment agreed unconditionallyto a recent UN draft
proposalfor solvingthe Cyprusproblem.[7/25AN]
Aug. 3: The Britishair base at Akrotiriwas hit by
rockets and mortarsfiredfrom a car. Two British
women and a Cypriotwere woundedin the attack.
[8/4 WP]
A group callingitself the UnifiedNasirite Orga-
nizationtook responsibility.[8/4 FBIS]
Aug. 5: In the self-proclaimedTurkish Cypriot
state, the Communist Liberation party (TKP)
pulled out of its rulingcoalitionwith the National
Union party. [8/7 AN]
Aug. 18: Security police said they had arresteda
Lebanesemanin connectionwith the attackon the
Britishbase. [8/19AN]
Sept. 2: TurkishCyprusPresidentRauf Denktash
approved a new coalition Cabinet made up of
members of the Revival and National Unity par-
ties. [9/3 AN]
Sept. 20: Formerforeign ministerNicos Rolandis
foundeda new, Liberalpartycommittedto resolv-
ing the Greek-TurkishCyprusdispute. [9/21AN]
82
Egypt
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Petroleum
Affairs,Sudan,Tunisia)
1986
July 16: PresidentHusni Mubarakbegan visits to
France, Britain, West Germany,and Italy. [7/16
FBIS]
The trip was reportedlya fundraisingtour made
necessaryby lower oil prices. [7/19MEED]
Al-Ahali reported that security forces had re-
cently detaineda large numberof Muslimfunda-
mentalists, who had accused the police of using
tortureto extractconfessions. [7/30 FBIS]
July 23: Al-Ahramreportedthat Egypt's popula-
tion of 50 millionwas increasingby I millionevery
eight months. [8/1 FBIS]
July 29: Mubarakmet with SudanesePrimeMinis-
ter Al-Sadiqal-Mahdiin Addis Ababa, duringthe
22nd summitof the Organizationof AfricanUnity
(OAU). [7/30FBIS]
Aug. 4: US Vice PresidentGeorgeBush arrivedin
Cairo and met with Mubarak.He reportedlytold
Mubarakthe US could not increase economic aid
to Egypt. [8/5 NYT]
Aug. 6: Mubarakmet with Jordan'sKing Hussein
in Alexandria.[8/7 AN]
Aug. 17: Authoritiesannouncedthat the entry of
Tunisians into the country would be restricted
followingTunisia'srefusalto grantentry to some
Egyptians.[8/18AN]
Aug. 24: Egyptianand US forces began four days
of joint air and sea exercises in the Mediterranean
Sea off Libya. [8/25WP]
Aug. 30: The Egyptian press agency (MENA)
reportedthatfive Egyptianshad been convicted of
receiving Libyan money to commit subversive
acts. [9/12FBIS]
Aug. 31: MENA reportedthat five Muslimextrem-
ists had been arrestedat Cairoairport.[9/2 FBIS]
The New YorkTimes reported that US aid to
Egypt would be reoriented to focus on private
enterprise and "self-sufficiency" projects. [8/31
NYT]
Sept.11:Forty-fivepolicemenwerechargedin Cairo
with torturingIslamicactivistsinjails. [9/13AN]
Sept. 21: Al-Ahramreportedthat security forces
had arrested25 leftists for distributingsubversive
leaflets. [9/24FBIS]
Sept. 30: The Djibouti governmentannouncedit
would reestablishrelationswith Cairo, severed in
1979. [10/1FBIS]
Oct. 1: Oppositionpartiesboycotted elections for
the Advisory(Shura)Councilto protest new elec-
tion laws. [10/2NYT]
Oct. 4: In Cairo, the first 106 of 1,324 security
police conscriptswho riotedin February1986went
on trial. The proceedingswere immediatelypost-
poned for a month. [10/5NYT]

Iran
(See also, Petroleum Affairs, Regional
Affairs,Pakistan,Turkey)
1986
July 16: A draft agreementfor a new oil pipeline
between Khuzestanand Iskanderun,Turkey,was
signed in Tehran.[7/17 FBIS]
July 19:MEEDreportedthatformerprimeminister
Mahdi Bazargan,who recently establisheda new
opposition group, had recently been briefly kid-
napped,and several of his associates beaten, pos-
sibly with officialsanction. [7/19MEED]
July 25: US officials ordered the third-ranking
diplomatin Iran's UN mission, Ali Riza Dayhim,
to leave the US because of illegalactivities, which
includedthreateningan Iranianexile living in the
US because he did not deliver American-made
armsfor which he had been paid. [7/26NYT]
Aug. 3: Col. Hussein Hasani-Saadiwas appointed
commander of Iran's Ground Forces, replacing
Col. Ali Sayyid Shirazi,who became a memberof
the SupremeDefense Council. [8/4 FBIS]
Aug. 5: IRNA, Iran's official press agency, re-
ported that a bomb in Tehran had killed one
person. [8/5 FBIS]
Aug. 7: US officialssaidan AmericanarrestedJune
18 in Tehranon espionagechargeswas Jon Pattis,
a telecommunicationsengineer. [8/8 WP]
Aug. 16:A car bombkilled 11personsneara shrine
in Qom. [8/17WP]
Aug. 19: A car bomb in Tehrankilled 20 people.
[8/19FBIS]
Aug. 20: London police said a bomb explosion in
an Iranian-ownedshop the previousday that killed
one person was part of a clash between pro- and
anti-Khomeiniactivists. [8/21 WP]
Iranianradiosaidall membersof a grouprespon-
sible for the Aug. 16 Qom bombing had been
arrested.[10/21FBIS]
Aug. 21: A group calling itself "SYS" claimed
responsibilityin Athens for the recent bombingsin
Qom and Tehran.[8/21WP]
Aug. 25: Following high-level talks in Moscow,
Iranian officials announced they would resume
exports of naturalgas to the Soviet Union. [8/26
NYT]
Aug. 31: Clandestine Free Voice of Iran radio
reportedantigovernmentdemonstrationsin Shiraz
following "barbarous"military recruitingefforts
by the RevolutionaryGuards.[8/5 FBIS]
Sept. 5: Reza Pahlavi, son of the late Shah, ap-
peared in an unauthorizedbroadcast on Iranian
television, declaredhimself leader, and called for
the overthrowof the government.Small pro-Pha-
lavi demonstrationswere reportedin Tehranfol-
lowing the broadcast,and were reportedlybroken
up with violence by RevolutionaryGuards. [9/9
AN]
Sept. 12: Tehran radio denied Reza Pahlavi had
made any broadcast.[9/15FBIS]
Sept. 18:In Tehran,five doctorswere sentencedto
up to 18monthsin internalexile for leadinga strike
in July. [9/19AN]
Sept. 22: MEEDreportedthat the Iran-UStribunal
at the Hague had ruled in favor of Iran, ordering
the US to handover $500millionheldin an account
set up five years ago. [9/22MEED]
Sept.26: Threemenconvictedof the Qombombing
were publiclyexecuted there. [9/27AN]
Oct. 2: ForeignMinisterAli AkbarVilayatisaid his
government was holding talks with France on
improvingrelations.[10/3NYT]
Four Iranianweightliftersmissingin Seoul, Ko-
rea, were reportedto be seekingasylumat the Iraqi
consulate. [10/3 FBIS]
Oct. 3: A Syriandiplomatwas brieflykidnappedin
Tehran.[10/3FBIS]
Oct. 8: The West GermanEmbassyin Tehranwas
attackedby severalhundreddemonstratorsfollow-
ing violence at a book fair in Frankfurtthe week
before duringwhich Iranianstaff had been injured
by opponentsof the Tehrangovernment.[10/9WP]
Iraq
(See also, Petroleum Affairs, Regional
Affairs,Pakistan,Turkey)
1986
July 16:Naim Haddadwas relievedof his member-
ship on the Revolution CommandCouncil. [7/17
FBIS]
July 19:Jordan'sKingHussein arrivedin Baghdad
for previously unannouncedtalks with President
SaddamHussein. [7/21AN]
Aug. 2: NationalAssembly SpeakerSaadunHam-
madi was appointed to the RevolutionaryCom-
mandCouncil. [8/4 FBIS]
Aug. 11: Aziz Salih Hassanwas namedministerof
agriculture,replacingAbd al-LatifYunis. [8/12AN]
Abd al-Fattah MuhammadAmin was named
minister of youth, replacingNuri Faysal Shahir.
[8/17AN]
Aug. 18: AFP reportedthat an unknown Islamic
grouphadkidnappedan Iraqiin Cyprusandoffered
to exchange him for two Iraqi opposition figures
recentlyexpelled from France. [8/29 FBIS]
Oct. 2: The Iraqinews agency (INA) reportedthat
an Oil Ministryofficialand six other men had been
hangedfor illegaldealingswith foreigncompanies.
[10/3FBIS]
83
 Sept. 8: TradeMinisterAriel Sharonhelpeddefuse
Israel a Cabinet crisis by formally retractinghis claim
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Lebanon, that Peres' pursuitof peace with Arableadershad
Turkey) contributedto the Sept. 6 massacreof Jews in an
Istanbulsynagogue.[9/8 WP]
1986 Sept. 14: Peres began an official visit to the US.
July 21: Justice Minister Yitzhak Moda'i an- [9/15AN]
nounced his resignationto avoid dismissalfollow- Sept. 15: A new director, whose name was with-
ing critical remarksabout PrimeMinisterShimon held for security reasons, took over the Shin Bet
Peres' handlingof the Shin Bet affairin which the internalsecurityagency. [9/16WP]
1984beatingdeath of two Arab bus hijackerswas Sept. 17:Two Israelidiplomatsarrivedin Polandto
allegedlycovered up. [7/21FBIS] reopen Israel's visa office for the first time since
July22: Defense MinisterYitzhakRabinsaidIsrael Warsawbroke diplomaticrelations in 1967. [9/18
would not cooperate with the US in discussing AN]
alternativesto the Lavi fighterplaneunless the US Sept. 18: Peres met with CanadianPrimeMinister
Defense Departmentstoppeddelayingthe authori- BrianMulroneyin Ottowa. [9/19AN]
zation of contractsneeded for developmentof the A police investigationinto the Shin Bet affair
Lavi. [7/25 FBIS] ended withouta recommendationof charges. [9/19
July 27: Finance MinisterMoshe Nisim became a WP]
member of the Inner Cabinet, replacing Moda'i Sept. 21: Peres met with Soviet Foreign Minister
[7/28FBIS] EduardShevardnadzeat UN headquartersin New
The Cabinet appointed Tourism Minister York. [9/22NYT]
AvrahamShariras justice minister.[7/28CSM] Sept. 29: Accused Nazi death camp executioner
July 30: The SupremeCourtruledthat the govern- John Demjanjukwas indicted in Jerusalem on
ment could expel 45 American-bornBlack He- charges of murderingand torturingJews during
brews for overstayingtheir visas, and the Interior WorldWar II. [9/30WP]
Ministrysaid they would be deportedto the US in Oct. 10: Peres submittedhis resignationto Presi-
the next few days. [7/31NYT] dent Herzog, pavingthe way for ForeignMinister
Visiting US Vice President George Bush told YitzhakShamirto succeedhimthe followingweek,
Peresthatthe US was not conductinga "vendetta" as agreedupon by the Likudand Laborpartiesin
against Israel in prosecutingthe case of accused Sept. 1984. [10/11NYT]
spy JonathanJay Pollard.[7/31WP] Oct. 14: Shamirpostponedpresentinghis govern-
July31: The governmentannouncedthatthe shekel ment to the Knesset because of continuingnegoti-
would no longerbe tied to the US dollaralone but ations between Likud and Labor politiciansover
to a "basket" of five majorcurrencies:the dollar, Cabinetappointments.[10/14FBIS]
the Deutschmark,the pound sterling, the French
franc, and the yen. [8/1 FBIS]
Aug. 5: The US Justice Department withdrew
subpoenas of eight Israelis under investigationin
connection with the illegal export of US cluster-
Jordan
(See also, Bahrain,Oman, Syria)
bomb technology, in returnfor "pledges of coop-
eration"from Israel. [8/6 WP]
Aug. 6: The SupremeCourtupheldthe legalityof 1986
presidentialpardonsgiven Shin Bet chief Avraham Aug. 1: Authoritiesreportedlyliftedrestrictionson
Shalomand three aides. [8/7 NYT] 11 localjournalistsand a numberof foreigncorre-
Aug. 18: In Helsinki, Israeli and Soviet delegates spondentsprohibitedfromenteringJordanbecause
began the firstformaltalks between the two coun- of theirreportson the violence at YarmukUniver-
tries in 19 years. [8/18NYT] sity in May. [8/1 FBIS]
Mubarakar-
The talks ended after only one session, but Aug. 29: Egyptian President Husni
rived in Amman for talks with King Hussein. [8/28
Israeli officials denied they had "brokendown."
FBIS]
[8/18FBIS] Sept. 29: KingHusseinreturnedfroma three-week
Aug. 24: PresidentChaimHerzog pardonedseven visit to Britain,where he underwentsurgery.[9/30
more Shin Bet members in connection with the FBIS]
April 1984beatingdeathsof two Palestinianhijack- Oct. 4: InteriorMinisterHasan al-Kayidresigned
ers and subsequentcover up. [8/25WP] and was replaced by Rajai al-Dajani, formerly
Aug. 25: Prime MinisterShimonPeres left for an transportminister.AhmadDakhan,who had been
officialvisit to Cameroon.[8/25FBIS] agricultureminister,was namedtransportminister.
Aug. 26: In Yaounde, Israeli and Cameroonian [10/16FBIS]
officials announced the restorationof diplomatic Oct. 7: KingHusseinbeganan officialvisit to India.
relations, severed in 1973. [8/26FBIS] [10/17FBIS]

84
Kuwait
(See also, PetroleumAffairs)
1986
July 21: MEES reportedthat the new Cabinetset
up July 12 included the following appointments:
ShaykhSaad al-Abdallahal-Salimal-Sabah:Prime
Minister
AnwarAbdallahal-Nuri:Education
Shaykh Jabir Mubarakal-Hamidal-Sabah:So-
cial Affairsand Labor
KhalidSulaymanal-Jumayan:Communications
Said Muhammadal-Usayni:Ministerof Statefor
ForeignAffairs
Dhari Abdallah al-Uthman:Justice and Legal
Affairs
Abd al-RahmanKhalidal-Ghunaym:Ministerof
State for MunicipalitiesAffairs
ShaykhAli al-Khalifaal-Adhbial-Sabah:Oil
Isa Muhammadal-Mazidi:Ministerof State for
Services' Affairs
Faysal Abd al-Razzaqal-Khalid:Commerceand
Industry
MuhammadSulaymanSayyid Ali: Planning
Nasir Abdallah al-Rawdhan:Minister of State
for Housing Affairs[7/21 MEES]
July 28: Diplomaticrelationswere establishedwith
Bolivia. [8/9 MEED]
July 31: An Army lieutenantand the leader of an
extremist religious movement were executed by
firingsquadfor murderand robbery,accordingto
Kuwait'snews agency. [7/31 FBIS]
Sept. 19: French PresidentFrangoisMitterandar-
rived for a brief officialvisit. [9/19 FBIS]
Sept. 23: Authorities reported the arrest of five
Iraqis in connection with a 1985 assassination
attempton AmirShaykhJabiral-AhmadAl Sabah.
[9/24AN]
Lebanon
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Regional
Affairs)
1986
July 16: Saudi ArabianofficialSulaymanMuham-
madal-Mubarakwas kidnappedby Shi'igunmenin
Beirut.He was releasedtwo hourslaterby a search
team of Lebanese army officers and policeman.
[7/17 NYT]
Two Lebanese convicted of trying to kill a
Libyan diplomatin Spain returnedto Beirut after
being released fromjail and expelled. [7/17AN]
July 17: A young woman carried out a suicide
bomb operation in Jazzin, wounding two other
people. The SyrianSocialistNationalparty(SSNP)
claimedresponsibility.[7/17FBIS]
In Paris, Syrian Vice President Abd al-Halim
Khaddam said Syria was trying to secure the
release of Americanand Frenchhostages in Leba-
non even thoughthey were not being held in areas
underSyriancontrol. [7/18NYT]
July 18:Al-Naharreportedthat the governmentof
Bulgariahad agreedto contributeto financingthe
multinationalforce in the south. [7/21 FBIS]
July 19: Hizballah leader Muhammad Husayn
Fadlallah rejected the extension of the Syrian-
backed security plan into the southernsuburbsof
Beirut. [7/21FBIS]
July 19: Gunmenfiredon an AmericanUniversity
Hospitalbus, killingfour people. [7/20WP]
July 21: Abdallahal-Rasi, appointedinteriormin-
ister in 1984,saidhe wouldassumehis duties. [7/21
FBIS]
July 22: Muslim ministers belonging to the anti-
Gemayel"ministerialcommittee"met with al-Rasi
in Beirut. [7/23AN]
July 23: Fresh Syriantroops reportedlyarrivedin
West Beirut to help the Lebanese Army take
controlof the southernsuburbs.[7/25AN]
July 24: Following a meeting with Syrian com-
manderin Lebanon Ghazi Kanaan, Hizballahof-
ficialShaykhIbrahimal-Aminsaidhis groupwould
"do everythingpossible" to guaranteethe success
of the securityplan in the suburbs.[7/25 FBIS]
July 26: Rev. LawrenceJenco, one of five Ameri-
can hostages held in Lebanon, was released un-
harmedin the Biqa Valley. He said he had been
held by the Islamic Jihad group with three other
American captives: Terry Anderson, David
Jacobsen, and Thomas Sutherland,and that they
were in good health.In a videotapebroughtout by
Jenco, Jacobsen appealedto the US to negotiate
for the release of the other hostages. [7/27WP]
July27: Thirty-onepeople were woundedin rocket
and mortar exchanges between East and West
Beirut. [7/28AN]
ReaganAdministrationofficialssaid they would
not make any concessions to captors holding
Americanhostages. [7/28NYT]
A car bombin the Ayn al-Rummanaareaof East
Beirutkilled32, wounded140,andwreckeddozens
of buildings.[7/29WP]
July 29: At least 30 died and 100were woundedin
a car bombexplosionin the Al-Barbirareaof West
Beirut. [7/29FBIS]
US officials said secret messages by Tunisia,
SaudiArabia,and Algeriamay have helped secure
Jenco's release. [7/30 NYT]
July 31: A Sunni accused by the Amal militia of
tryingto set a car bomb at an Amal headquarters
was executed in Beirut. [7/31WP]
Aug. 1: A car bomb killed 27 persons in East
Beirut.
In a speech at the FayadiyaMilitaryAcademy,
PresidentAminGemayelvowed to remainloyal to
his oath of office and appealedto SyrianPresident
85
Hafiz al-Asad to help end the civil war. Muslim
armycommandersboycottedthe speech. [8/2 WPI
Aug. 2: A car bomb in the Jall al-Dibarea of East
Beirut killed one person and wounded 30 others.
[8/4 FBIS]
A bag of dynamitethrownfrom a passingcar in
Beirutwoundedfive people. [8/3 WP]
Aug. 4: A car bombin the Jisr Bayrutarea of East
Beirutcaused at least two deaths. [8/4 FBIS]
Syriantroops and Lebanese soldiers and police
entered Beirut's southern suburbsin an effort to
impose the four-week-oldsecurity plan there. [8/5
WP]
Beirutradio said the plan had been successfully
implemented[8/5 FBIS]
Aug. 8: A car bomb near the Arab University in
West Beirut killed 25 people and wounded 45
others. [8/8 FBIS]
Aug. 10: Nine people were killed in Beirut in
clashes between supportersof Lebanese Forces
Executive CommitteeChairmanSamirJajaand his
opponents, including former Lebanese Forces
commanderElie Hubayqa and Lebanese Forces
officialMarunMashalani.[8/11FBIS]
Aug. 13: The French Foreign Ministryexpressed
"deep concern" over Aug. 12 Amal-UNIFIL
clashes in the south in which three militiamendied
and 13 Frenchsoldierswere wounded.[8/12FBIS]
Aug. 14: Fighting between supportersand oppo-
nents of Jaja resumed despite a meeting of the
Lebanese Forces Executive Committee. [8/15
FBIS]
A car bombin East Beirutkilled 15 people. [8/14
FBIS]
Aug. 17: Nine people were injured in artillery
battles across Beirut's GreenLine. [8/18FBIS]
Aug. 19: In Beirut, Prime Minister Rashid al-
Karami met with Christian Ministers Camille
Chamoun (Finance) and Joseph Hashim (Health
and Communications)in an effortto seek reconcil-
iation. Druze leader and TourismMinisterWalid
Jumblattsaid he too was ready to consider new
peace plans. [8/20WP]
Aug. 20: A car bomb in a bus in East Beirut
woundedthree. [8/21 WP]
Clashes between Amal and Palestinianfighters
were reportedin and aroundSidon.
Seventeenpeople were killedin fightingbetween
Christianmilitiasin East Beirut. [8/21FBIS]
Aug. 22: Between 700 and 900 Syrian soldiers
enteredWest Beirutand the southernsuburbsand
may move into Sidon, according to Radio Free
Lebanon. [8/22 FBIS]
Aug. 23: Two French UNIFIL soldiers were
woundedin an attackby Shi'i militiamenon a UN
peacekeepingpost in the south. [8/24WP]
A bomb in a beach resortin East Beirutinjured
one person. [8/24AN]
Aug. 24: Beirut radio said Amal members had
arrested two gunmen who attacked a Finnish
UNIFIL post, and Amal officials said they were
86
determinedto prevent more attacks on UNIFIL.
[8/25FBIS]
Aug. 25: Israeli radio said three "terrorists"had
been killed in clashes with the Israeli-backed
SouthernLebanon Army (SLA) near al-Tayyiba.
[8/26FBIS]
Aug. 28: Gemayel began a trip to France. [8/28
FBIS]
Aug. 29: Syrian officials invited Karami, Amal
leader Nabih Berri, Jumblatt, Parliamentary
SpeakerHusaynal-Husayniand EducationMinis-
ter Salim al-Huss to Damascus for talks on the
Lebanonsituation.[8/29 FBIS]
French and UN officials opened talks in Paris
aimedat reexaminingUNIFIL's role. [8/30AN]
Sept. 2: Christianand Muslim Cabinet ministers
met for the firsttime in nine monthsand called for
a ceasefire. [9/3 WP]
Sept. 4: Three French soldiers were killed by a
landmineeast of Tyre. [9/4 FBIS]
Sept. 8: Amal and Hizballahguerrillasbattled in
Beirut'sShi'i suburbs.[9/9 NYT]
Sept. 9: FrankReed, Americanheadmasterof the
Lebanese InternationalSchool, was kidnappedin
Beirut. [9/10FBIS]
Sept. 11: Islamic Jihad denied kidnappingReed.
[9/11FBIS]
Sept. 12: US citizenJosephCicippio,chief accoun-
tant at the American University of Beirut, was
kidnapped.[9/12FBIS]
Sept. 13:A FrenchUNIFIL soldierdied of wounds
received in a bomb blast south of Sidon. Another
Frenchmanwas seriouslywounded. [9/14WP]
Sept. 15: A pro-Libyangroup, the Arab Revolu-
tionary Cells-UmarMukhtarForces, claimed to
have kidnappedReed and Cicippio,one day aftera
groupcallingitself the "BaathResurrectionCells"
made the same claim. [9/15WP]
Sept. 16: Cabinet ministerscontinued reconcilia-
tion meetingsin Beirutaimedat workingout a new
nationalpact. [9/14AN]
Sept. 17: Thousands of demonstratorsin Tyre
marchedto express their supportof UNIFIL and
against attacks on the peacekeepingforce. [9/18
NYT]
Sept. 18: Lebanese guerrillas killed seven SLA
militiamen and wounded eight in the
Israeli-declaredsecurityzone. [9/19AN]
The French military attache, Col. Christian
Goutierre,was assassinatedin Beirut. [9/18FBIS]
The "Front for Justice and Revenge" and the
"RevolutionaryBrigades"claimed responsibility.
[9/19FBIS]
Sept. 19: UN Secretary General Javier Perez de
Cuellarthreatenedto pull UNIFIL out of southern
LebanonandblamedIsraelfor violence in the area
because it refused to withdrawcompletely. [9/20
NYT]
Sept. 20: French UNIFIL troops withdrewfrom
nine of their positions for security reasons, and
were replaced by Nepalese contingents. [9/21
NYT]
Sept. 24: Gunmenattackedtwo Nepalese UNIFIL
posts, slightlywoundingone soldier.
In Beirut, the RevolutionaryJustice Organiza-
tion said it had kidnapped Frenchman Marcel
Coudre. [9/25 WP]
Sept. 26: British journalist David Hirst escaped
from would-bekidnappersin Beirut. [9/27WP]
Sept. 27: Syrian-backed Muslim and Christian
forces crossed from West into East Beirutfor the
first time in the 11-yearcivil war, in an apparent
effortby Hubayqaandhis backersto regaincontrol
of the Lebanese Forces. Five people reportedly
died in heavy fighting.[9/28WP]
Sept.28: The deathtoll in the Beirutfightingrose to
62.
In the south, two Frenchsoldierswere wounded
in a bomb attack near Tyre. [9/29WP]
French journalist Jean-MarcSroussi was ab-
ducted in Beirut. [9/29FBIS]
Sept.29: Supportersof Jajareportedlydefeatedthe
attackby Hubayqa'ssupporters.[9/29FBIS]
Lebanese Army officerCol. Khalil Kanaanwas
slain in Beirut, reportedlyby members of Jaja's
Lebanese Forces. [9/30 NYT]
Oct. 1: A Rome appeals court overturned the
acquittalof six Lebanesemen accusedof plottinga
bomb attack on the US Embassy in 1984 and
ordereda new trial. [10/2WP]
JournalistSroussi escaped from his captors in
Beirut. [10/2WP]
Oct. 2: The Lebanese governmentbegan asserting
controlover Lebanese ports, and officialssaid the
work was proceeding satisfactorily at Beirut,
Junya, Sidon, Tyre, and Tripoli.[10/3 FBIS]
Oct. 3: AmericanjournalistTerry Anderson, kid-
nappedin 1985,appearedin a videotapeon Leba-
nese television and appealedto PresidentReagan
to work harderfor the release of US hostages in
Lebanon. Islamic Jihad also released a tape of
hostage David Jacobsen. [10/4WP]
Oct. 5: Shi'i and Palestinianfightersclashedfor the
sixth day in the RashidiyyarefugeeareanearTyre.
[10/6FBIS]
Oct. 6: Islamic Jihadreleased videotapes of three
French hostages makingappeals to their govern-
ment to seek the release of 17 convicted Shi'i
terroristsin Kuwaitin exchangefor theirfreedom.
[10/7WP]
Oct. 7: ShaykhSubhiSalih, deputychairmanof the
HigherIslamicShariaCouncil,was assassinatedin
Beirut. [10/7 FBIS]
Oct. 11: A two-week purgeof opponentsof Jajain
Christian areas of the country reportedly had
caused 60 deaths so far. [10/11NYT]
Oct. 14: Seven people were injuredin a car bomb
explosion in Zahla. [10/15FBIS]
Libya
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Regional
Affairs, Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco, Sudan,
Turkey)
1986
July 22: US officials said seven people and five
companies had been indicted by a federal grand
jury for attemptingto divert LockheedC130cargo
planes and parts worth $50 millionto Libya. [7/23
WPI
July 23: Italianjudicial sources said an investiga-
tion into the activitiesof two formerLibyandiplo-
mats in Rome had uncovered a financialnetwork
used to supportterrorismin Europe. [7/24WP]
Aug. 5: Maltese Prime MinisterKarmeruMifsud
Bonnicisaid Maltahadgiven Libya advancewarn-
ing of the Aprilattackby US planes and would do
so againif necessary. [8/6 NYT]
Aug. 8: Sudanese Prime Minister Al-Sadiq
al-Mahdibegan a one-day visit. [8/8 FBIS]
Aug. 10: Libya signed an agreementfor Sudanto
buy Libyan oil with money withheld from Suda-
nese workers in Libya, many of whom were ex-
pelled or deprivedof pay last year. [8/11WP]
Aug. 19: Uganda's President Yoweri Museveni
arrivedfor a state visit. [8/20AN]
Aug. 24: SyrianPresidentHafiz al-Asadarrivedin
Benghazi for talks with Muammaral-Qadhdhafi.
[8/25FBIS]
Aug. 25: The Frenchpress agency reportedthat a
"sting" operationled by a "renegadeWest Ger-
mantrader"hadtrickeda UK airlinecompanyinto
delivering to Libya two advanced Airbus A-310
aircraft.[8/25 FBIS]
White House officials said Qadhdhafiwas plan-
ning more terroristattacks and that the US would
take "whateveractionis necessary"to thwarthim.
[8/26NYT]
Aug. 26: Tripoliradio reportedthat revolutionary
committees in Tripoli had destroyed "one of the
dens" of former prime minister Abd al-Hamid
al-Bakkush.[8/26FBIS]
Aug. 30: StaffMajorAbd al-SalamJallud,Libya's
second-in-command, challengedthe US to produce
evidence of Libyan complicity in terrorism.[9/12
FBIS]
Sept. 2: Diplomaticsources in Europe said efforts
by US Ambassadorto the UN Vernon Waltersto
convince Westernleaders to strengthensanctions
againstLibya were being greeted skeptically. [9/3
WP]
Sept. 4: At a speech to the NonalignedMovement
in Harare,Zimbabwe,Qadhdhafisaid the organi-
zationwas soft on imperialismandthatit shouldbe
disbanded.[9/5 WP]
Sept. 5: Qadhdhafi began an official visit to
Uganda.[9/8 FBIS]
Sept. 14: Qadhdhafipaid a brief official visit to
Ethiopia.[9/15AN]
87
Oct. 2: The WashingtonPost reported that the
Reagan administrationhad in Aug. 1986 begun a
secret campaigndesigned to convince Qadhdhafi
that he was going to be attacked again by US
bombers. The campaign included planting false
informationin the Americanmedia. [10/2WP]
Oct. 5: The WashingtonPost reported that the
State Departmenthad urged the Reaganadminis-
tration in August to follow a strategy that could
lead to a coup or assassination attempt against
Qadhdhafi.[10/5 WP]
Oct. 7: The Italiangovernmentreleasedthree Lib-
yans convictedof participatingin "hit teams" sent
to Europe to murderopponents of Qadhdhafi,in
exchange for four Italiansjailed in Libya. [10/8
WP]
Morocco
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict)
1986
July 16: Rabatradio announcedthat King Hassan
II had been advisedby doctorsto rest, andthat his
tripto the US, scheduledto beginJuly22, hadbeen
postponed. [7/16 FBIS]
July 19: Spanishpolice broke up a demonstration
by supportersof the Christiananti-Muslimgroup,
"Strugglefor the Liberationof Melilla," arresting
20 people. The Christians were demanding a
stricter interpretationof a new nationalitylaw to
exclude most Melillaresidentsof Moroccanorigin.
[7/21AN]
Aug. 9: MEED reported that King Hassan had
authorizedKarimLamranito returnto his dutiesas
prime minister, following an improvement in
Lamrani'shealth. [8/9 MEED]
Aug. 29: KingHassanannouncedhe was cancelling
Morocco's treaty of union with Libya because of
Libyan criticismof his meetingwith Israeli Prime
MinisterShimonPeres in July. [8/30NYT]
Aug. 31: Authoritiessaid they had arrested"four
foreign Arabs" carryinga load of explosives who
had confessed to belonging to an international
terroristorganization.[9/1 AN]
Sept. 2: Authoritiesimposed visa requirementson
visitors from Arab countries. [9/3 AN]
Sept. 5: Two Tunisian women were reportedly
among those arrested carrying explosives the
monthbefore. [9/6 AN]
Sept. 24: Hassanmet with an internationalgroupof
Moroccan-bornJews, includingfour Israeli politi-
cians, and urged them to pray for peace. [9/25
NYT]
Sept. 27: US officials said Moroccan authorities
had foiled a planned attack on a synagogue in
Casablancathe week before. [9/28 NYT]
88
Sept. 29: Hassan relieved Lamraniof his post, at
Lamrani's request, because of ill health. [9/30
FBIS]
Sept. 30: Azzedine Laraki was appointed prime
minister.MohamedHilalitook his place as educa-
tion minister.[10/1FBIS]
Oman
(See also, PetroleumAffairs)
1986
Oct. 6: King Hussein of Jordanmet with Sultan
Qabusibn Said in Muscat. [10/7FBIS]
Oct. 14: Sultan Qabus announced the following
Cabinetappointments:
Muhammadibn Abdallah ibn Zahir al-Hanai:
Agricultureand Fisheries.
Abdallah ibn Hamad ibn Sayf Al Bu Saidi:
Housing. [10115FBIS]
Pakistan
(See also, Afghanistan)
1986
July20: The New YorkTimesreportedthatofficials
of the Pakistan People's party (PPP), led by
BenazirBhutto, had called for a nationwideseries
of protestsagainstthe governmentof PresidentZia
ul-Haq. [7/20NYT]
July 26: The National Democraticparty, Awami
Tehrik, and the Mazdoor Kisan party merged to
form the AwamiNationalparty. [7/27AN]
Prime Minister MuhammadKhan Junejo re-
turned from a two-week trip to Turkey, West
Germany,the US, and France.He said Francehad
agreedto resumetalks on buildinga nuclearrepro-
cessing plantin Pakistan.[7/27AN]
Delhi radiosaid PPP leader ShaykhMohammad
Rashidhadreturnedfromexile in London,andthat
25 persons were injuredin clashes with police at
Lahoreairportwhen he returned.[7/28FBIS]
Aug. 5: About 7000truckdriverswent on strikein
Karachito protestincreasinghighwayrobberiesin
Sind Province. [8/6 AN]
Aug. 14: BenazirBhuttowas arrestedfor speaking
to a bannedrally in Karachi.
At least four people died in Lahore during
antigovernmentprotests. [8/15WP]
Aug. 15: Police fired on protesters as political
violence continued in Karachi. Leaders of the
opposition Movementfor the Restorationof De-
mocracy(MRD)called for mass demonstrationsin
PunjabProvince. [8/16WP]
Aug. 17: Police shot and killed two demonstrators Sept. 8: Bhutto and other oppositionleaders were
in Karachi. releasedbut were warnedagainstfuture "interfer-
At least five membersof an eight-personEuro- ence with law." [9/9 WP]
pean mountain-climbing expeditiondied in a bliz- Sept.9: The deathtoll in the Karachihijackingrose
zard after scaling Pakistan's K2 mountain. [8/18 to 19. [9/10WP]
WP] Sept. 10: Twelve more opposition leaders were
Aug. 18: At least 14 persons died as violence freed. Bhutto met with MRD activists to map out
spreadto Sind Provinceon the openingday of an an antigovernmentcampaign.[9/11 NYT]
oppositioncampaignto force new elections. [8/19 US officials said the Abu Nidal terroristgroup
WP] was involvedin the hijacking.The death toll in the
Aug. 19: Opposition militants sabotaged railway incidentrose to 20. [9/11CSM]
lines, halting rail trafficinto Karachi. Opposition Sept. 11: Pakistaniofficialssaid they had detained
sources said over 10,000personshadbeen arrested about two dozen Palestiniansin connection with
in the recent disturbances.[8/20WP] the hijackingand massacre. [9/12WP]
Aug 20: One man died as protesters and police Sept. 14: Iraqi Vice Consul MahtarAbd al-Salam
exchanged fire in Jhuddo, in Sind Province. In was killedin Karachiby a bombplantedin his car.
Lahore,four PPP officialswere accused of murder [9/15 WP]
in connectionwith the deathsof four protestersby Sept. 15: Chinese and Pakistaniofficials signed a
police the week before. Authoritiessaid the offi- nuclearenergy cooperationpact. [9/16AN]
cials were responsiblebecause they had organized In Beirut, the Al-Rafidaynorganizationclaimed
the protests in which the four died. [8/21WP] responsibilityfor killingal-Salam.[9/15FBIS]
Aug. 22: Two personsdied andfourwere wounded Sept. 16: A Soviet diplomat was killed in
in police-protesterclashes in Sind Province. [8/23 Islamabad.[9/19FBIS]
AN] Sept. 18: In Lahore, police fired on curfew viola-
Aug. 23: PresidentZia returnedfrom two weeks in tors, killingtwo, and raisingthe death toll to 12 in
Saudi Arabiaon pilgrimage.[8/25CSM] two days of clashes between Sunniand Shi'i Mus-
Aug. 24: Officials said they had filed sedition lims. [9/19NYT]
charges against Bhutto and eight other PPP lead- Sept. 29: Junejo appointed Wasim Sajiadjustice
ers. [8/25AN] minister,replacingIqbal Ahmad Khan, who took
Aug. 30: GhulamMustafa1Ihan, a leading oppo- over the portfolioof religiousand minorityaffairs.
nent of Zia, was arrestedat Karachi'sairportwhen FormerreligiousaffairsministerMir HajjiTareen
he returnedafter nine years in exile in Europe. was namedscience and energyminister.[9/30AN]
[8/31NYT]
About 1600 followers of former prime minister
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto founded a new party, the
National People's party, in oppositionto Benazir
Bhutto. [8/31 AN]
Sept. 5: Four men dressed as security guards
Qatar
stormeda PanAmjumbojet at Karachiairportand (See also, Bahrain)
demanded to be flown to Cyprus. One airport
workerwas reportedwounded.About 380 passen- 1986
gers, includinga numberof Americans,were said July 21: Manama'sGulfDaily News reportedthat
to be aboardthe jet. [9/5 WP] nine Bahrainisdetainedin Qatarthe week before
AFP reported that the "Libyan Revolutionary while on a pleasuretrip near Fasht al-DibalIsland
Cells" had claimed responsibility.Pakistanioffi- had been released. [7/25FBIS]
cials said the hijackershad called for the release of Aug. 9: MEEDreportedthat Francehad agreedto
friendsin Cyprus. [9/5 FBIS] provide four Mirage fighterjets, missiles, and a
Sept. 6: MRD leader Mawlani Fazlur Rahman radarsystem to Qatarin exchangefor 10.8 million
announcedthe suspensionof the MRD'scall for 10 barrelsof oil. [8/9 MEED]
days of antigovermment agitation.[9/8 AN]
Sixteen peopledied and "scores" were wounded
when the Pan Am hijackerspanickedand began
shooting passengersand detonatinggrenades. Pa-
kistani commandos outside the plane killed two SaudiArabia
hijackers,and two otherswere takeninto custody. (See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Petroleum
[9/6 NYT] Affairs,Lebanon)
Sept. 7: Zia said the hijackerswould be tried in
Pakistan. Reportedly the men were Palestinians 1986
but did not appear to be connected with any July 19: ArgentinePresidentRaulAlfonsinarrived
government.[9/8 WP] in Jiddafor an officialvisit. [7/20AN]

89
July 22: South Yemen's President Haydar Abu
Bakr al-Attas arrivedin Jiddafor an officialvisit.
[7/23AN]
Aug. 7: US Justice Departmentofficials said a
"senior Saudi Arabianprince" had agreedto pay
$150,000and stop internationaltraffickingin rare
US falcons in orderto avoid prosecution.[8/8WP]
Aug. 10: Iran's news agency reportedthat Saudi
authoritieshad arrested 113 Iranianpilgrimsupon
their arrivalin Jidda. [8/11FBIS]
Aug. 27: Tehranradio said the pilgrimshad been
released. [8/28 FBIS]
Oct. 1: SudanesePrimeMinisteral-Sadiqal-Mahdi
met with King Fahd in Jidda. [10/2FBIS]
Oct. 6: NorthYemen'sPresidentAli AbdallahSalih
held talkswith KingFahdin Jidda.[10/7FBIS]
South Yemen
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Saudi
Arabia)
1986
July 19:Aden radioannouncedthat600 "detainees
involved in the events of the bloody 13 January
plot" had been releasedfromjail. [7/22FBIS]
Aug. 15: Reportedlythe trial of 48 officialsof the
regime of ousted presidentAli Nasir Muhammad
opened in Aden. [8/17AN]
Sept. 14:Thirty-fourSouthYemenidiplomatsin 15
countries reportedly declared their rebellion
againstthe Aden government.[9/15WP]
Sudan
(See also, Egypt, Libya, SaudiArabia)
1986
July 16: Sudan People's LiberationArmy (SPLA)
radio announcedthat 17 governmentsoldiers had
been killed by rebels in Blue Nile Province the
week before. [7/17FBIS]
July 20: Authoritiesclosed Juba airportfollowing
an attackby SPLA rebels. [7/21AN]
Sudan'snews agency (SUNA) announcedthat a
special investigatingcommittee had begun a law-
suit against the US's Citibankfor contributingto
Sudan's economic crisis by promotingblack mar-
ket currencyoperationsand other schemes. [7/22
FBIS]
July 21: SUNA said attacks by "outlaws" had
caused large numbersof tribesmento flee south to
JubaJuly 15-16. A UN officialsaid 50,000 people
had arrivedin Jubaand needed food. [7/21FBIS]
July 23: SPLA radio reported a "devastating"
rebelattackon governmenttroopsin Kodok, in the
Upper Nile area, and said 10 governmentsoldiers
had died in fightingat Kurmuk.[7/24FBIS]
90
July 24: SUNA reportedthat the Armyhad turned
down a ceasefirerequestby rebelforces nearJuba.
[7/25FBIS]
July 25: A spokesman for the Maryknoll religious
order said two American nuns which the SPLA
said it had "rescued" from the fightingnear Juba,
had been released. [4/26WP]
July 27: The two nuns were declared persona non
grata by the Sudanesegovernmentand orderedto
leave the country, for violating orders banning
civiliansfrommilitaryareasnearJuba. [7/28NYT]
SUNA said eight policemenhad died in a clash
with rebels on the Juba-Mandariroad the week
before. [7/28FBIS]
July 31: PrimeMinisteral-Mahdiand rebel leader
John Garangopened talks in Addis Abada, Ethio-
pia. [8/1 WP]
Aug. 1: The talks ended with no apparentbreak-
through.[8/1 FBIS]
SPLA radio said rebels had recently killed over
140governmenttroopsin attacksin the Bentiuand
Gogrialareas. [8/1 FBIS]
Aug. 3: Two state-ownedpapers, Al-Ayyamand
Al-Sahafa,were closed for two monthspendingthe
formationof a private company to manage their
financialaffairs.[8/4 AN]
Aug. 5: Seven membersof the Sudanese Journal-
ists Association were arrested in Khartoumfor
protestingagainst plans to denationalizethe two
papers. [8/6 AN]
Aug. 6: Al-Mahdireportedlyhad decided to post-
pone a visit to EgyptuntilCairoexplainsits refusal
to extraditeformer Sudanese presidentJaafaral-
Numayri.[8/6 AN]
Aug. 11:Al-Mahdiarrivedin Moscowfor an official
visit. [8/11FBIS]
Aug. 12: SUNA announcedthat a state of emer-
gency had been declaredin easternSudanbecause
of crop-threateninglocusts. [8/13AN]
Aug. 14: Red Cross officialssaid a majorairliftof
food had begun to relieve the remote, famine-
strickentown of Wau, in the south. [8/15AN]
Aug. 15: The SPLA accused the governmentof
conspiringwith Libya to use food airliftsinto the
south as part of a "majoroffensive" against the
rebelsandthreatenedto shoot downall planesover
rebel-controlledterritory.[8/18FBIS]
Aug. 16: A Sudan Airways plane with 60 people
aboardwas shot down by rebels nearMalakal.No
survivorswere reported.[8/18 NYT]
Aug. 18: The Red Cross haltedits airliftinto Wau.
[8/19WP]
Aug. 19: SUNA reporteda large demonstrationin
Khartoumby Islamic National Front membersto
protestthe downingof the plane. [8/20FBIS]
The governmentsaid it would no longer negoti-
ate with the rebels. [8/20WP]
Aug. 21: All Sudan Airways workers were sus-
pended for taking part in a three-day strike to
protest the official news blackout following the
downingof the plane. [8/22FBIS]
Aug. 24: SPLA radiosaid rebels had killed27 gov- met French President Frangois Mitterand and
ernmentsoldiersin fightingnearRenk. [8/25AN] Prime Minister Jacques Chirac in Paris. [7/17
Aug. 25: SUNA reportedthatrebelshadkidnapped FBIS]
41 natives of a southern tribe and were holding July 17: PresidentHafiz al-Asad received former
them hostage for a ransomof food. [8/26FBIS] PDRY Chairman Ali Nasir Muhammad in
Aug. 27: SUNA announcedthatUgandahadclosed Damascus. [7/18FBIS]
its borderwith Sudanfollowingallegations,denied July 16: King Hussein of Jordanmet with Asad in
by Sudan, of Sudanese assistance to guerrillas Damascus. [7/27WP]
fightingthe Ugandangovernment.[8/28FBIS] Sept. 19: Vice PresidentRifaatal-Asadreportedly
Aug 28: Rebels killed or woundedover 70 govern- returnedto Damascusafter a long stay in Europe.
ment troops in an assault on Bentiu, accordingto [9/23FBIS]
SPLA radio. [9/3 FBIS]
Officials of the World Food Program said a
convoy of food truckshadreachedJuba,the firstto
reach the south by road since July. [8/29CSM]
Sept. 5: SupremeArmy CommanderMaj.-Gen.Ta-
juddin Abdallahand Chief of Staff Tawfiq Khalil
were dismissed,alongwith fourothergenerals.[9/6 Tunisia
AN] (See also, Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco)
Sept. 7: Gen. Abd al-Azim Siddiq was appointed
Chief of Staff. [9/8 AN]
Rebelsreportedlykilledthreeof the 41 tribesmen 1986
heldhostagefor a ransomof food supplies.[9/8AN]
July 19: President Habib Bourguiba raised the
Sept. 9: Libyan leader Muammaral-Qadhdhafiar- industrialminimumwage by 10 dinars a day, and
rived in Khartoum.[9/9 FBIS] the agriculturalminimumwage by 260 millims a
Sept. 15: Two persons reportedlydied in violent
day, to 2.9 dinars. He also abolishedthe Ministry
demonstrationsin Darfur by students to protestof Tourismand Handicrafts.[7/21FBIS]
price increases. [9/16FBIS] July 23: Chinese Prime MinisterZhao Ziyang ar-
Sept. 17: UN officials said they had reached arived in Tunis for an officialvisit. [7/24AN]
tentative agreement with rebels to allow the re-
July 24: Bourguibadismissedformerprime minis-
sumptionof food aid flights. [9/18 NYT] ter MuhammadMzali from the Politburo of the
Sept. 20: Relief workers reportedthat with food
ruling Destourianparty and Mzali's wife Fatiha
supplieshaltedfor over a month,hundredsof thou-
from the party's CentralCommittee.[7/24FBIS]
sandsof peoplewere starvingto death. [9/21NYT]July 29: The US governmentinformedCongressof
Sept. 22: Kampala radio reported a Sudanese- plans to sell $60 millionin arms to Tunisia. [7/30
Ugandanaccordon measuresto controltheircom- AN]
mon border. [9/23 FBIS] July 30: AmorChadliwas appointedto head a new
SPLA radio said the town of Kapoetahad beenministrycombiningthe Ministryof National Edu-
"destroyed"by rebelattacks.Omdurman radiosaid
cation and the Ministryof Higher Educationand
governmentforces had repelled the rebels. [9/24
ScientificResearch.Formerhighereducationmin-
FBIS] ister Abdelaziz Ben Dhia was appointedto head
Sept. 24: The governmentbannedan airliftof relief
the Social AffairsMinistry.[7/31 FBIS]
supplies to the south, citing security problems.
Aug. 11: Bourguibadivorced his wife Wassila,
[9/25NYT] "because of her announcementsand stands which
Sept. 29: Rebels said they would not permitfood
violate the constitution."[8/12FBIS]
airlifts into Juba and Malakal, since food needs
Aug. 20: Prime Minister Rachid Sfar announced
there were not as urgentas those farthersouth in
economic reform measures, includinga devalua-
rebel-controlledterritory.[9/30NYT] tion of the dinarby 10 per cent. [8/20FBIS]
Oct. 12: Two planes carryingfood supplies from Authorities restored the visa requirementfor
Khartoumlandedsafely in Juba. [10/13WP] Egyptians.[8/21FBIS]
Oct. 13: SUNA announcedthe governmentwould Aug. 25: Diplomatic relations were established
reopen its embassy in Tehran.[10/14FBIS] with the Seychelles. [8/26FBIS]
Sept. 2: The death penaltywas carriedout against
MuhammadLazrag,convicted head of an Islamic
fundamentalistgroup. [9/2 AN]
Syria Sept. 7: Mzali's family said he had been smuggled
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Cyprus, out of the countryfour nights earlier. [9/8 AN]
Iran, Lebanon, Libya) Sept. 8: Bourguibacalled for legal action against
Mzalifor "illegallyleavingthe country." [9/9 AN]
1986 Sept. 15: Hedi Mabrouk was appointed foreign
July 16: Vice President Abd al-Halim Khaddam minister,replacingBeji Caid Essebsi. [9/15 FBIS]

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Sept. 23: The National Assembly lifted Mzali's and the NorthernArab League, claimedresponsi-
parliamentaryimmunity,clearingthe way for legal bility. The PLO condemnedthe attack. [9/7 WP]
action againsthim. [9/24AN] Sept. 16: The EuropeanCommunityresumedfor-
Oct. 2: Authoritiesreportedlyasked Switzerlandto mal ties with Turkey, frozen following the 1980
extraditeMzali. [10/2FBIS] militarycoup. [9/17AN]
Oct. 11: The Movement of DemocraticSocialists Sept. 17: The Ankarasecuritycourt indictedthree
(MDS)said it wouldboycott legislativeelections in IraniansarrestedSept. 13 at AnkaraAirportcarry-
November. [10/14FBIS] ing an explosives detonator.[9/18 FBIS]
Sept. 23: Ecevit was acquittedof the first charge
against him but faces another trial on similar
charges. [9/24TDN]
Turkey Sept. 28: By-elections were held throughoutthe
country, and returnsindicatedthat the True Path
(See also, Cyprus, Iran) partyof SuleymanDemirelhadmadea strongshow-
ing behindOzal'sMotherlandparty.[9/29WP]
1986 Oct. 11: Ankarapolice said they were holdingsix
July 7: Iraq agreed to repay a $1.5 billion debt to confessed Palestinianmembersof the Abu Nidal
Turkeyover two years, partin cash and partin oil. groupin connectionwith the assassinationof Jor-
[7/18TDN] daniandiplomatZiyadSati in July 1985.[10/12WP]
July 17: Seven Muslimfundamentalistswere sen- Oct. 13:An Ankaraappealscourtorderedthe retrial
tenced to variousjail termsfor propagatingreligion on moreseriouschargesof two Libyansconvictedof
and holdingsecret meetings. [7/18TDN] possessingexplosivesin an allegedplot to attackan
Former prime minister Bulent Ecevit went on Americanclub in April.[10/14WOP]
trialin Ankarafor violatinga law banninghimfrom
politicalactivity. [7/17NYT]
Chinese PremierZhao Ziyang began an official
visit. [7/17TDN]
July 27: Prime Minister Turgut Ozal began an UAE
officialvisit to Moscow. [7/28TDN] (See also, Petroleum Affairs, Regional
July28: AnotherchargeagainstEcevit was brought Affairs)
for his speech at a DemocraticLeft partyrallythe
Sundaybefore. [7/29TDN] 1986
Aug. 5: Admiral Emin Goksan and Gen. Cemil July 26: Dubai police said they had arrested
570
Cuha were appointedto head the Navy and Air people so far this year for
entering the country
Force, respectively. [8/6 TDN] illegally. [7/27AN]
Aug. 7: In Athens, Greekpolice arrested17 Turks Aug. 12: Jordan's King Hussein arrived for an
who seized the TurkishAirlinesOfficeto protestthe officialvisit. [8/13
AN]
decisionby the Turkishgovernmentto execute nine Oct. 15: President Shaykh
Zayid ibn Sultan al-
membersof the TurkishCommunistparty.[8/8AN] Nuhayyan was re-elected president for another
Aug. 14: TurkishAir Force planes attackedKurd- five-yeartermbeginningDec. 2. [10/20MEES]
ish sites along the Iraqi borderfollowing an inci-
dent Aug. 12 in which "bandits"ambushedTurk-
ish soldiers, killing 12. [8/15FBIS]
The governmentof Iraqwas reportedlyinformed
beforehand.[8/17AN]
Aug. 19: Baghdadradio said 165 Kurdishseparat-
Yemen
ists had died in the raids. [8/20TDN] (See also, SaudiArabia)
Aug. 22: Former president Celal Bayar died in
Istanbulat the age of 104. [8/24AN] 1986
Aug. 27: Iranian officials criticized the raid on July 16: Sanaa radio reported that presidential
Kurds inside Iraq. [8/28FBIS] decrees had relievedAhmadQaid Barakat,minis-
Sept. 6: Two Arab men killed 22 Jewish worship- ter of economy and industry and Fuad Qaid
pers, includinga visiting Israelirabbi,in a suicide Muhammad,ministerof supply and trade. These
attack on a synagogue in Istanbul. Three other two ministries were merged, and Muhammad
worshipperswere wounded.Israeliofficialsvowed Khadim Al-Wajihwas named to head it. Alawi
to retaliate.Three groups-the IslamicResistance Salih al-Salami was named minister of finance.
Movement,the PalestinianRevenge Organization, [7/17FBIS]

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